Development Of Oil Deposits Research Articles

Software for Determining Residual Oil Reserves in Oil Deposit Development

The problem of calculating residual oil reserves and predicting wells flow rates is considered in the paper. A mathematical model for calculating this problem is given. A computational algorithm and a program for the mathematical model are created. Using the developed program the flow rate was predicted and the residual reserves were calculated on the example of a well of the Umid field. The convenience of the problem solution with a developed program is shown.

О СНИЖЕНИИ УРОВНЯ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ ПРИ УПРАВЛЕНИИ ЗАВОДНЕНИЕМ ЗАЛЕЖЕЙ С ТРУДНОИЗВЛЕКАЕМЫМИ ЗАПАСАМИ

Актуальность. В условиях снижения прироста разведанных запасов нефти важной задачей перед нефтяной отраслью России является вовлечение в активную разработку залежей с трудноизвлекаемыми запасами, характеризующихся низкой степенью их выработки, но обладающих значительными остаточными запасами. К таким объектам относятся залежи в терригенных коллекторах меловых отложений Западно-Сибирской нефтегазоносной провинции. Повышение эффективности их разработки позволит существенно расширить ресурсную базу страны. Цель:создание комплекса алгоритмов и методик, позволяющих снизить степени неопределенности и риски принятия управляющих решений, направленных на повышение эффективности управления активами недропользователя. Методы. Проведен геолого-промысловый анализ и обобщение опыта применения внутриконтурного заводнения в условиях различных групп относительно однородных объектов с использованием комплекса имеющейся информации о процессе заводнения с широким применением различных математических алгоритмов обработки данных и критериев информативности. Результаты.Предложены алгоритмы, позволяющие оценивать степень взаимодействия добывающих и нагнетательных скважин на участках с различными значениями параметров, характеризующих геологическое строение при различном их размещении, выбирать добывающие скважины для перевода их под нагнетание, определять необходимость бурения новых скважин и боковых стволов, использовать скважины транзитного фонда, оценивать ожидаемые дебиты добывающих скважин, окружающих нагнетательные, а также решать ряд других задач разработки.Установлено, что в условиях различных групп объектов степень влияния геологических параметров на степень взаимодействия скважин различна, что обусловливает необходимость дифференцированного подхода не только к выбору расстояний между добывающими и нагнетательными скважинами для повышения эффективности закачки в пласт воды, но и при решении других задач управления разработкой объектов добычи нефти. Выводы. Проведенное обобщение, полученные результаты и алгоритмы дополняют научно-методические основы повышения эффективности управления разработкой залежей нефти с трудноизвлекаемыми запасами с использованием закачки в пласт воды в пределах Западно-Сибирской нефтегазоносной провинции с минимальными неопределенностями и рисками.

Application of analytic hierarchy process for selection of heat transfer meters

At the present time, the process of super-viscous oil deposits development is of current interest among the oil companies. The production of super-viscous oil in the Republic of Tatarstan is carried out using the steam-assisted gravity method. The article proposes a method for solving the problem of selecting a heat meter devices on sites of the Ashalchi field for the production of super-viscous oil. Analytic hierarchy process was used and the parameters required for the optimal selection of heat meters have been determined in the course of investigations. Based on these parameters, a hierarchy for the heat metering unit and a pairwise comparison matrix for the main criteria of the flowmeters have been made. As a result of the analysis, the optimal flowmeter in terms of the chosen criteria has been selected.

AN ASSESSMENT OF DISTURBANCE EFFECTS ON PLANT COVER OF NUMTO NATURAL PARK (KHANTY-MANSIYSK AUTONOMOUS OKRUG - UGRA)

The Numto Natural Park, Khanty-Mansi Autono-mous Okrug - Yugra, Russia, has recently attracted the attention of environmental organizations due to oil extraction operations in its territory. This paper presents the study of the vegetation cover dynamics and the assessment of natural and anthropogenic disturbances of Numto’s ecosystems. Due to the development of oil deposits, more than 60 adventitious plant species arrived to the park, and the synan-thropization index reached 26.4%. Tree rings showed the predominant influence of the climatic and pyrogenic components on the growth of trees. The technogenic impact that had occurred in the 1990s gave a spasmodic increase in cedar growth in the disturbed areas in the form of abnormal hard streaks. Later on, the impact of technogenic factors on the wood growth waned. Satellite imagery helped to determine changes in the vegetation cover. From 2011 to 2018, the area of disturbed sites doubled while the length of infield roads and pipelines increased by 5.7 times. The area of burnt fire sites increased manifold; how-ever, fires occurred at a considerable distance from the oil extraction sites and were of natural origin. Currently, the disturbed ecosystems, including burnt fire sites and fire-damaged ecosystems, occupy 2.1% of the oil deposits area, and the area of pyrogenic disturbances is larger than the area of technogenic ones. Compared to the oil and gas fields in the adjacent areas, the level of disturbance in the Numto Natural Park can be considered low. Since deer pastures were not disturbed by the oil extraction operations, the traditional nature management remains possible. Further oil field development requires ongoing monitoring of the ecosystem condition.

A STUDY OF FRICTION FORCES INFLUENCE OVER CASING STRING RUNNING IN HORIZONTAL WELLS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: The work was supported by the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) and by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (The assignment #5.13496.2019/13.2). The modern stage of oil production development is characterized by an increase in the share of hard-to-recover reserves; therefore, it dictates the need for the introduction of horizontal technologies in the development of fields. Well construction with a horizontal wellbore is the most efficient way to develop such complex production targets as thin reservoir beds and low permeability reservoirs and some of them which are underlain by pressure water. Furthermore, by drilling horizontal wells there can be effectively solved the following: the development of oil deposits in waters of the seas, as well as the intensification of production and the most complete production of residual oil reserves. However, apart from the fact that a horizontal well must be successfully drilled it also must be successfully cased and cemented what is always a challenge. The inclined sections of the well profile represent highly critical points where the logy casing may occur. The centralizers installed at the verified positions can not only save and prolong the well life but also provide a reliable well support allowing high quality cementing. A series of experiments were carried out at the Trosika test stand, designed at TU Bergakademie Freiberg, which allowed distributing centralizer models into groups according to their efficiency in relation to the method of casing supply to the bottom of a horizontal well. As a result of laboratory research and analysis of information obtained experimentally, a principal model of a casing centralizer has been developed, which has the most effective support-centering characteristics of both positive and balloon-type centralizers. A technique has been developed for the basic casing attachments testing in modeling real-well conditions.

Анализ изменения свойств коллекторов нефти и газа на различных этапах разработки нефтяных месторождений

Анализ изменения свойств коллекторов нефти и газа на различных этапах разработки нефтяных месторождений

THE STUDY OF THE PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELS (THE CASE OF MUTUAL WELL IMPACT EVALUATION)

The main purpose of any model is to provide an opportunity to study the model object and the processes running in it for obtaining the predictive characteristics, among other reasons. In this connection, it is important to know, which mathematical models can help in analyzing and supporting oil deposit development, in particular, in assessing the mutual influence of production and injection wells. The characteristic features of mathematical modeling of field development include the oil deposits being located in natural formations that cannot be directly observed, as well as the complex filtration processes taking place in the formations due to the formation structure. Therefore, the mathematical modeling of development can be both complex and simple. On the one hand, it may use complex numerical hydrodynamic models, based on the understanding of spatial distribution of reservoir properties, which have an opportunity for detailed description of filtration processes. On the other hand, the modeling may use relatively simple analytical models, which have no need to specify the spatial distribution of properties; yet, the description of filtration processes is significantly simplified in comparison with hydrodynamics. Therefore, the practical value of the modeling result depends on the right approach to modeling. The task of estimating the mutual influence of wells requires the choice of numerical or analytical model to be based on understanding of the predictive ability of the models under consideration. Since such ability depends both on the ability to describe filtration processes in detail and on the need to take into account the spatial distribution of reservoir properties, it is initially impossible to conclude, which model has the best predictive ability. It becomes possible to reveal the level of predictive ability when considering the problem of mutual well impact assessment for synthetic models of oil deposits. This article presents the results of studies in the case of ten synthetic models. Numerical hydrodynamic models and analytical CRM models were set up for “actual” data of well operation. Using the retrospective test method, the authors have shown that the analytical models have a higher predictive power than the numerical models.

Dual Completion Petroleum Production Engineering for Several Oil Formations

Abstract Cost-efficient, enabling technologies for keeping and increasing the reservoir recovery rate of oil-formations with high water cut of produced fluids and exhausted resource are really essential. One of the easiest but short-term ways to increase oil production and incomes at development of oil deposits is cost of development and capital cost reduction. Therefore, optimal choice and proper feasibility study on the facilities for multilayer oil fields development, especially at the late stage of reservoir working, is a crucial issue for now-day oil industry. Currently, the main oil pools do not reach the design point of coefficient of oil recovery. The basic feature of the late stage of reservoir working is the progressing man-made impact on productive reservoir because of water injection increasing for maintaining reservoir pressure. Hence cost-efficient, enabling technologies for keeping and increasing the reservoir recovery rate of oil-formations with high water cut of produced fluids and exhausted resource are really essential. To address the above concerns the dual completion petroleum production engineering was proposed. The intensity of dual completion of formation with of different permeability is determined by rational choice of each of them. The neglect of this principle results a disproportionately rate of highly permeable formations development for the time. In effect the permeability of the formations or their flow rate is decreasing. The problem is aggravated by lack of awareness of mechanics of layers' mutual interference in producers and injectors. Dual completion experience in Russian has shown, that success and efficiency of the technology in many respects depend on engineering support. One of the sufficient criteria for the choice of operational objects should be maximal involvement of oil-saturated layers by oil displacement from seams over the economic life of well producing oil. If it is about getting high rate of oil recovery for irregular formations there is no alternative to dual completion and production. The recommended dual completion petroleum production technology enables development several formations by single well at the time. The dual completion petroleum production technology has been more important than ever because it is right not only for formations but for thin layers with undeveloped remaining reserves.

Starogroznenskoye field: oil and gas production and seismic activity

Here, we deal with oil deposits development in regions with geodynamic activity. We analyze connection between oil and gas extraction with seismic activity on the example of Starogroznenskoye field, which has been developed for more than a century. We give recommendations on creation of a geodynamic polygon at the development field to control techno-genic seismic activity.

Energy-efficient technology for recovery of oil reserves with gas injection

Improving energy efficiency of hydrocarbon extraction processes at any stage of development of oil deposits is a prioritized field of work for oil industry of any region. Prospects of using complex technologies to harness hydrocarbon potentialities are shown on the example of two pilot projects for Pre-Urals foreland basin (Russia) and south Iraq. Application of gas technologies on Tereklinskoye (Russia) and Zubair (Iraq) fields will allow reducing the capital spending and increasing the oil recovery of each of the objects under consideration by at least 8-10% in comparison with depletion drive. For Tereklinskoye oil deposit, there are provisions to use natural gas as it comes from the major gas pipeline as a displacement agent. In Zubair field, gas injection may be arranged by means of gas delivery from a nearby gas deposit with high formation pressure. A prospect of creating a network of underground gas storage facilities in depleted reefogenic oil deposits of Pre-Urals foreland basin allows combining solution of the problem of energy security of the region with that of the problem of increasing oil recovery rate for depleted oil deposits to design values and above. Arrangement of underground gas storage facility is seen also as a strategic potential for further development of the area surrounding the field.

Studies on Applying Acid Compositions to Treat the Western Siberian Field Bottomhole Formation Zone

Effective development of oil deposits includes the measures to restore and improve the porosity and permeability properties (PPP) of reservoir units, which inevitably deteriorate during the operation of the field. For this purpose, various technologies of bottomhole formation zone acid treatment (BFZAT) are used. These approaches are sufficiently developed and usually do not require additional laboratory adaptation. Specific requirements for technologies that include acid effect on the formation are required for interventions on low-permeability reservoirs (LPR), where the influence of the mineralogical composition of rocks and their porosity and permeability properties on the efficiency of BFZAT is the most significant. Therefore, during interventions development for LPR using acid methods, it is necessary to correctly assess the capabilities of a particular method (composition) in relation to specific conditions. This can be achieved by conducting standard laboratory tests (determination of rock carbonation and mass loss in 12% hydrochloric acid) and additional experiments to determine the mass of the secondary sediment, as well as the optimum reaction time at the formation temperature. The research objective is a laboratory research on the selection of acid compositions for bottomhole formation zone treatment for a number of low-permeability reservoirs in Western Siberia. Standard and special laboratory studies have allowed suggesting the most optimum acid compositions adapted to “rigid” formation conditions.

"New Monitoring Geophysical Systems by Oil Deposits Extraction"

The processes of oil deposit development are linked with the movement of multi-phase multi-component media, which are characterized by nonequilibrium and non-linear rheological features. The real behavior of layered systems is defined by the complexity of the rheology of moving fluids and the morphology structure of the porous medium, and also by the great variety of interactions between the fluid and the porous medium [1]. It is necessary to take into account these features in order to informatively describe the filtration processes due to the non-linearity, non-equilibrium and heterogeneity that are features of real systems. In this way, new synergetic events can be revealed (namely, a loss of stability when oscillations occur, and the formation of ordered structures). This allows us to suggest new methods for the control and management of complicated natural systems that are constructed on account of these phenomena. Thus the layered system, from which it is necessary to extract the oil, is a complicated dynamical hierarchical system. To construct the mathematical model of a real object, as a priori information it is necessary to use data from active and passive monitoring, which we can obtain during exploitation of the object. The solution of inverse problems has great significance for the oil industry, because the oil layer refers to a number of natural systems that cannot be observed as a whole by direct measurements. The results of last year’s research showed that in the evolution of dynamic systems, non-stabilities and their origin play a role in the theory of self organization or synergetic studies. Information about their manifestation in the oil reservoir from its extraction can only be obtained using monitoring data, which is sensitive to its hierarchical structure. It should be noted that, to study the thin structure of the discrete hierarchical media, geophysical fields are more sensitive, depending on spatial, time or frequency parameters–namely, electromagnetic and seismic fields. In addition, these fields, excited by local sources due to the geometry of the normal field, have a focusing or localization property that allows the given resolution to be distinguished. For the new methods of wave monitoring is constructed a new theory of distribution wave fields in a medium of hierarchical structure with different physical features.

Перспективы освоения и разработки нефтяных залежей Благодарненского участка недр

Перспективы освоения и разработки нефтяных залежей Благодарненского участка недр

Применение геохимической модели для мониторинга разработки месторождений сверхвязкой нефти c использованием паротепловых методов

Применение геохимической модели для мониторинга разработки месторождений сверхвязкой нефти c использованием паротепловых методов

АНАЛИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКОГО РАЗРЫВА ПЛАСТА В УСЛОВИЯХ УРШАКСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ

Background Creation and implementation of an improved technology of oil deposit development and application of new enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods, in particular, is the most important task facing oil industry. The authors review hydrofrac application under conditions of Urshak field. Aims and Objectives To analyze the results of applying treatment methods to the bottom hole zone in the well № 398 of Urshak field; to assess the performance of the well after treatments; to calculate the cost-effectiveness in terms of the impact of hydraulic fracturing technology. Methods The algorithm and computational methods for estimating technological effect of the bottom hole zone treatment are presented. Results The effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing was analyzed. It was proved that the technology was effective for the well № 398, and additional oil production made 16,221.16 t. Further use of hydraulic fracturing in Urshak field is recommended, as it is the most effective EOR method which allows to involve remote and low-permeability parts of reservoir in the filtering process. One should keep in mind that after the fracturing water cut has increased 1.87 times.

Методические подходы, опыт и перспективы разработки залежей турнейского яруса горизонтальными скважинами на Знаменском нефтяном месторождении

Методические подходы, опыт и перспективы разработки залежей турнейского яруса горизонтальными скважинами на Знаменском нефтяном месторождении

Опыт разработки залежи высоковязкой нефти с применением многозабойных скважин с одновременно-раздельной эксплуатацией двумя лифтами

Опыт разработки залежи высоковязкой нефти с применением многозабойных скважин с одновременно-раздельной эксплуатацией двумя лифтами

Revisiting the Development of Oil Deposits with Low Permeability Reservoirs

Background/Objectives: The study considers the results of the scientific revolution that started in Russia a quarter of a century ago and referred to solving the problem of oil and gas genesis. Methods: The revolution resulted in the development of the new oil and gas paradigm. The essence of this paradigm is that oil and gas are in fact renewable natural resources that should be produced taking into account the balance of the generated hydrocarbons (HC) and the possibilities for their recovery in the process of field development. Findings: These new ideas have gained the required theoretical and experimental justification within the biosphere concept of oil and gas generation (BCOG). However, neither the scientific revolution in oil and gas geology nor the implications that follow from the biosphere concept and that directly affect future oil and gas science and practices have been fully perceived in the West. Employing the biosphere concept ideas in the processes of developing oil and gas fields with low permeability reservoirs reveals new and better opportunities. These ideas have been confirmed by the results of the undertaken laboratory investigations and numerical simulation studies. Applications/Improvements: The results of the study make it possible to improve the efficiency of oil recovery considerably.

Economic Efficiency Assessment for Technological Solutions in the Oil and Gas Industry Using Monte Carlo Method

The article presents the results of a search for an adequate method of assessing economic efficiency of an innovative oil deposit development project offered for investment. The tools currently used for project assessment are seen as insufficient, and the results they provide are not informative enough for investment decision-making. The currently used methods do not consider the impact made by external and internal risk factors on the ultimate efficiency value; therefore, the investment efficiency assessment problem still remains urgent. One of the ways to solve the problem is to apply Monte Carlo simulation method for the investment efficiency analysis. The research analyses a real project for reservoir pressure maintenance system pumping units used in oil deposit development. In order to prove the accuracy of the obtained results and the efficiency of the assessment tool, the data were compared to the ones calculated with a method where the main efficiency indicator is net present value. The research results lead us to conclusion on the appropriateness of using such additional investment project selection tools as Monte Carlo method, along with the traditional ones.

Numerical method of solving the inverse problem of water–oil plug displacement from an oil pool

Introduction. It is known that artificially maintaining the pressure in a pool by waterflooding is one of the main technological methods of oil pool development. During flooding, as well as in a natural water-drive regime of development, oil is displaced from a pool by water. It is evident that to predict the performance of an oil deposit after its flooding, it is necessary to use a mathematical model of the process of water–oil displacement from a pool. Experimental and theoretical investigations of various processes proceeding during the development of oil deposits with the use of edge and circle water floodings show that under certain conditions it is sufficient to use the model of plug water–oil displacement to calculate the development. The model of plug displacement presupposes that one liquid is displaced or replaced by another (oil by water) completely and a distinct boundary is formed in the pool between two liquids which in motion obeys the earlier unknown law. It should be noted that efficient development of oil deposits by flooding depends greatly on the regimes of the extraction of oil and water injection into a pool which influence the dynamics of motion of the boundary between the liquids. The rate of motion of the oil–water boundary determines the deadlines of development and flooding, the coefficient of recovery, etc. In this connection, for the practice of the development of oil deposits with the use of flooding, a very important problem is that of regulation of motion of the boundary between two liquids in a pool. This problem is also of current interest for the development of gas fields with active edge or bottom water. The creation and maintenance of underground storages in water-bearing beds and depleted flooded deposits are also associated with the problem of motion of the boundary between two liquids. In the present work, the problem of regulation of motion of the boundary between two liquids is considered as an inverse boundary-value problem for the system of equations of plug displacement of oil from a pool by water. Statement of the Problem. Let there be a homogeneous oil-carrying bed located horizontally of length L and of constant thickness and width. At the boundary x = 0 there is the driving gallery, and at x = L, the operational gallery. At the moment t = 0 water starts being pumped down into the pool through the delivery gallery. In the pool, the oil is plug displaced by water in a rectilinear-parallel manner. It is assumed that the liquids are weakly compressible and that their motion in the pool obeys the Darcy law. Then, the system of equations that describes the process of plug displacement of oil by water in the pool considered can be represented in the following form [1]: