Development Of Motor Qualities Research Articles

Features of the application of boccia game in the physical and sports rehabilitation of disabled athletes with the consequences of children's cerebral palsy

In the article, based on the study of scientific literature, an analysis of the features of the boccia game in the physical and sports rehabilitation of athletes with the consequences of cerebral palsy is carried out. On the basis of the obtained data, a program of physical and sports rehabilitation of athletes with the consequences of cerebral palsy in the adaptation and training period using the boccia game was developed and substantiated. It was found that the means and methods of physical and sports rehabilitation proposed in the program contributed to the restoration of the functional state of the musculoskeletal system and the psycho-emotional state of athletes with the consequences of cerebral palsy.
 It was found that mobile adaptive games as a means of rehabilitation of athletes with the consequences of cerebral palsy have a number of advantages, among which the development of motor qualities, the formation of the optimal structure of coordination abilities, which helps to correct problem areas of the posture of an athlete with disabilities, the high emotionality of participants, pleasure from muscular work in the game and from the possibility of friendly communication. During the mobile game, a complex effect is exerted on the motility and neuropsychological sphere of the patient with cerebral palsy. It has been proven that boccia can become one of the promising means of a complex program of physical and sports rehabilitation of athletes with the consequences of cerebral palsy.

Health care as an important aspect of professional training of students

The article states that health care can be considered from a psychological and pedagogical point of view, which is aimed at forming students' awareness of health as a priority value, as well as the formation of motivation for the practical implementation of a healthy lifestyle in their daily activities and education of a culture of health . The motivation for health-preserving activities is highlighted, which is determined by various motives: self-preservation motivation; motivation to get joy from health; motivation to acquire harmony; motivation for improvement and social security. The reflexive component of health care activity is singled out, the content of which consists of self-knowledge, self-evaluation and analysis of one's activity in the context of health care. Reflective activity allows the student to realize his individuality and uniqueness. Reflection is a condition for the productivity of health care activities, and students' deep awareness of their own health care methods is an indicator of a high level of development of their health care culture. It is noted that the determining factor in the health of student youth is physical education, which contributes to self-improvement of the personality, mood improvement, growth of mental and physical capacity, development of motor qualities and abilities necessary in the professional activities of future specialists. Conclusions. Сompetent organization of the educational process plays a significant role in the formation of students' health-preserving skills, which is manifested in the demonstration of the teacher's own example; students' ability to reflect, as well as in daily physical education.

THE INFLUENCE OF ATHLETIC EXERCISES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN MOTOR ABILITIES

The bases of athletic exercises are natural human movements. Their use in the educational process will contribute to the child’s health comprehensive physical development and strengthening. Athletic exercises improve the skills of walking, running, jumping and other movements that the child needs in his future daily life. The integrated use of athletic exercises teaches the child to feel and control the capabilities of his own body and to enjoy it. Athletic exercises stimulate the activity of each child, taking into consideration his individual characteristics. The aim of the research is the development of motor qualities in the educational process of preschool children using various athletic exercises. The objectives of the research are to increase the motor and functional abilities of children with the help of general developing and special athletic exercises, developing strength, speed, endurance, agility, etc., using various athletic exercises, and instilling love and interest in athletics. We used the method of study, analysis, comparison and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical experiment, methods of empirical analysis (observation, demonstration, etc.) The experiment carried out indicates that athletic exercises have the most effective impact on the process of development of preschool children motor abilities. This confirms the peculiarity and necessity of the quantitative and qualitative use of athletic exercises in improving the physical development of the younger generation.

Genetic Markers that Predict the Formation of Certain Body Types and the Development of Motor Qualities

Purpose of the study-development of criteria and techniques for the prognostic selection of athletes based not only on the signs of the phenotype but also on the indicators of genetic markers that predict the development of certain physical qualities and the formation of certain body types. Material and Methods: The assessment of the physical development of athletes was carried out based on anthropometric methods according to the recommendations set forth by E.G. Martirosov, 1982 [1]. The type of constitution was determined by the Heath-Carter method, 1989 with the identification of ecto, endo, and mesomorphic components, calculated using special formulas. The HLA- genetic system was identified by typing in the microcyto-lymphotoxin test according to the method of Yu.M. Zaretskaya, and V.M. Abramov [3]. Research results: Athletes-rowers with the highest sports qualifications - masters of sports of international class and masters of sports, represent a fairly homogeneous sample: 75% of athletes have an endo-mesomorphic type, 16.7% have an ecto-endomorphic type, 8.3% have an ecto-mesomorphic type of. For a more reliable clarification of the role of the HLA system genes in the program of individual development, the associations of sub loco A, B, and C of the HLA complex with the somatotype were studied. So, for endo-mesomorphic somatotypes, significant specific associations with antigens HLA-A3, HLA-A9, HLA-A11, sublocus HLA-B35, as well as HLA-СW4 and HLA-СW6 were revealed. Ecto-mesomorphic somatotypes had significant associations with antigens of the sublocus HLA-CW-5, A-10. It has been established that for athletes specializing in speed-strength sports (rowing, boxing), the haplotype HLA-A1 and B-35 are specific at X2-5.76. Intergroup comparison of frequencies of registration of the antigenic composition revealed that the content of HLA-B7 in athletes - power workers (wrestling) are significantly higher and significantly at x = 6.645, that is, HLA-B7 can be considered as a genetic marker of strength qualities. It has been established that for athletes specializing in speed-strength sports (rowing, boxing), the haplotype HLA-A1 and B-35 are specific at X2-5.76. Conclusions: Specific genetic markers associated not only with the formation of certain types of physique but also predicting the spectrum of development of several physical qualities that are of selective importance in the practice of sports have been established.

Application of circular volleyball training with students in institutions of higher education

The purpose of the study: to consider the application of circular volleyball training in educational institutions of higher education. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodical literature; study and generalization of leading pedagogical experience; pedagogical observations. Results: the paper considered that the modern approaches used during the organization of the educational process of physical education in institutions of higher education are insufficiently effective, this requires an active search for new forms and methods of its improvement. It is shown that one of the ways to solve this problem is the use of circular volleyball training in physical education classes. The use of circuit training complexes allows the most effective development of all physical qualities of students. The organizational basis of circuit training is the cyclic performance of a set of physical exercises selected according to a certain scheme and performed in order by sequentially changing the «stations» located on the training ground in the form of a closed circle. Complexes of exercises consist of technically simple, previously well-learned movements. Exercises are selected taking into account the technical and physical abilities of those who practice. Conclusions: Circuit training is the most progressive organizational and methodical form of training, which is aimed at consolidating and improving movement skills and abilities, development of movement qualities and consistent performance of a set of physical exercises. The method of circuit training, based on the main general didactic principles, promotes the progression of loads, increases motor density, develops all physical qualities, making classes more emotional and diverse. Circular training is aimed at the development of students' independent thinking during the development of motor qualities, the development of an algorithm of pre-planned motor actions, as well as the education of composure and organization when performing physical exercises.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF THE PROGRAM OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS AT THE STAGE OF SPECIALIZED BASIC TRAINING

Introduction. The great social significance of football forms the prerequisites for sustainable development in all areas of the sport's improvement. First of all, we are talking about improving the training process based on the rational management of training and competitive loads. The problem is that the increase in the volume and intensity of training loads has reached its limit and is not a factor in sports improvement. According to the methodology of sports training in the last two-three decades the main factor of improvement of special preparedness of sportsmen in many sports is the increase of the specialized orientation of the training process, where the target instructions of the training process are formed on the basis of optimization of the structure of functional maintenance of special working capacity [1]. In football, the main factor is the functional support of technical and tactical actions during a long game period [2]. The purpose of the study is to form the structure "control - modeling - programming" and to define the functions of programming as an integral part of management of physical training of football players at the stage of specialized basic training. Materials and methods. Theoretical research methods: analysis of scientific, practical and specialized literature, Internet sources. Results. The physical training of football players at the stage of specialized basic training is a complex hierarchically subordinated structure consisting of modules and component modules. Realization of physical training is an algorithm, a certain order of actions, step-by-step improvement of structural components of modules: module aimed at formation of functional reserves - module aimed at development of motor qualities (physical conditions) - module aimed at increase of efficiency of technical and tactical actions. Components of the modules: Module 1 - formation of functional reserves of football players: improvement of neurodynamic functions, optimization of reactive properties of the cardiorespiratory system and musculoskeletal system, development of power and capacity of energy supply, kinetics of the cardiorespiratory system. Module 2 - development of motor qualities (physical conditions) taking into account the requirements of functional support of special working capacity: endurance during aerobic and anaerobic work, speed capabilities of football players. Module 3 - improvement of technical and tactical actions taking into account the intensity and physiological stress of competitive loads: modeling of game variations, technical support, tactical training Conclusions. The instrument of realization of separate modules and the integral structure of physical training are the connected components of control - modeling - programming which define a qualitative assessment of a stage of training and a choice of a certain step of its improvement. The leading factor which determines efficiency of realization of a structure is programming defined as a structural element of management of the training process which defines an algorithm and its modifications according to results of control and the set model characteristics of preparedness.

The impact of movement games on the development of motor qualities in primary school students

The impact of movement games on the development of motor qualities in primary school students

MOVING GAMES AS A MEANS OF FORMING PHYSICAL QUALITIES IN PRESCHOOLERS

The subject of consideration in the article is agile game as a means of forming physical qualities in preschool children. Attention is drawn to the fact that it is in the period of preschool childhood that the foundations of health and longevity are laid in children, many motor skills are formed and physical qualities are developed. Development of physical qualities is an important task of physical education of preschool children. It is emphasized that the basis of the comprehensive development of preschoolers is physical education, which provides for the achievement of the best development of such physical qualities in preschoolers as: speed, dexterity, flexibility, endurance, strength. The meaning of the concepts: “game”, “preschool age” is outlined. The main purpose of the agile game is revealed, which consists in the formation of the physical activity of a preschool child and the development of motor qualities. It has been proven that the agile game is not only a means of physical education, but also a method of learning. It is emphasized that agile games, correctly selected by the teacher, will have a positive effect on the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems, stimulate the appetite and promote sound sleep. The types of agile games (by complexity; by degree of physical exertion; by group composition) and their influence on the formation of physical qualities in preschool children were analyzed. It is indicated that it is in the process of agile play in preschool children that motor experience is enriched and motor skills and physical qualities are formed.
 Kewords: movinggame; preschoolers; physical qualities; physical education; childrenʼs movements; signs of the game; game types; physical development; comprehensive personality development; physical activity.

Influence of experimental methods on the level of manifestation of motor qualities of young acrobats 6-7 years

The influence of experimental methods on the level of manifestation of motor qualities of young acrobats 6-7 years old is established in the article. An experimental training program for young acrobats aged 6-7 is presented. The total number of trainings was 59-67 classes at the following stages: introductory (extraction) - 5-7 classes, control - 2; preparatory - 20-22; control - 2; corrective - 2; molding - 6-8. The content of the weekly microcycle at the first preparatory stage: Monday - the development of agility and speed with the use of a variety of relays with a change of motor actions, with and without objects; on Wednesday - strength and flexibility with the use of exercises on a gymnastic stand, bending the arms at rest lying in different positions, bridges, swinging movements of arms and legs; on Friday - the use of basic special exercises: swallow, stand on your shoulders, roll forward with a squat, wheel (turn sideways), bridges with fixing the main provisions of their performance. At the second preparatory stage one more training is added and consists of: on Monday - complex development of motor qualities, mainly speed in dexterity during performance of basic acrobatic exercises; on Wednesday - comprehensive development of motor skills, mainly strength and flexibility in the process of performing basic acrobatic exercises; on Friday - comprehensive development of motor skills, mainly special endurance during basic acrobatic exercises; on Saturday - the formation of a comprehensive implementation of basic exercises in different sequences.
 It is established that during the annual macrocycle the introduction of experimental techniques, which provided for the definition of motor skills and their level required for mastering the basic elements of initial training of young acrobats and development and implementation of methods for their development to the required level. stretching the arms while lying down; bending and unbending the legs, keeping the angle hanging back to the gym; long jump from a place by a push of both legs; lean forward sitting on the floor legs apart; maximum torso tilt forward; squats to a parallel position of the thigh to the floor; bending the legs at the knees while lying on your back; lifting legs sitting on a bench.
 At the same time, the test results of young acrobats of the control group during the study underwent fewer positive changes, significantly improving the results in bending and unbending the legs, keeping the angle hanging back to the gym and the maximum torso tilt forward.

Analysis of physical condition of children 7-8 years old

Differentiation and individualization of school physical education allows one to take into account the features of each child, its existing experience and level of achievements, interests and inclinations. To organize a differentiated approach during a teacher of physical culture, operational information on the physical state of students of a particular class is required. The purpose of the work is to analyze the physical condition of children 7-8 years for planning physical activity during exercises. Methods of research: analysis of scientific and methodological literature; Pedagogical observation and experiment; testing; Methods of mathematical statistics. Organization of research. The research was conducted on the basis of School No. 66 of the Dnipro. 125 children 7-8 years have participated in the study. The processing of test results was carried out using the KIFZOS Computer Program. Research results. The age of 7-8 years is the most calm period in the development of children, during which there is a smooth change in the structures and functions of the organism. However, despite the slowdown in growth rates, the length of the body in girls and the boys increases more intense than body weight. The body proportions are changing, the volume of the chest increases, that is, there is a "pulling" of the body. A clear difference between boys and girls in anthropometric indicators almost not observed. The general assessment of the level of health of children under the method of G. L. Apanasenko allowed to distribute examined schoolchildren to 3 groups by levels of somatic health. Most children belonged to the group "Patients". Among boys, low level of physical fitness is observed more in children for 8 years - 63.0% (7 years - 33.3%). High levels are not fixed. Among girls, low levels of physical fitness had 29.4% - 7 years, 14.3% - 8 years. High levels were observed in 7.1% of girls 8 years. Conclusions. Thus, an individual assessment of the physical state of school-age children allows you to determine the means and methods of development of motor qualities, taking into account sensitive periods and age-sexual characteristics of students. The obtained data indicate a low level of physical condition of children, which determines the use of a differentiated approach in planning physical activity. Prospects for further research. We plan to develop exercises for increasing the level of physical status of schoolchildren who can be used when working on-line.

Vocational training of future primary school teachers in the use of new pedagogical technologies in working with pupils

The courses «physical education» and «increasing sportsmanship» are an important part of the entire process of preparing future primary school teachers for physical education. It is worth noting that the subject «physical education» should be professionally directed, because it is recommended to transform this course from a purely practical direction into a vocational and pedagogical one, introducing into «physical education» - theoretical, methodological, organizational and pedagogical blocks. The subject «physical education» addresses the tasks of improving the level of physical fitness and improving the quality of vocational and pedagogical training of students. The study of the subject «physical education» provides, in addition to solving the problems of strengthening the health and physical development of students, as well as mastering the technique of certain sports, the methods for teaching individual exercises of the school curriculum, methodological techniques, methods for organizing educational activities and the methodology of the chosen sport. Practical classes on the «theory and methods of physical education» provide for the formation of professional preparedness as a holistic state of certain realities. Examples of the restoration of various forms of out-of-class work in accordance with their functions in the general education system indicate the possibility of ensuring the versatile development of motor qualities of pupils, promoting the preservation and strengthening the mental and physical health of children of all age groups. Considering what has already been said, we propose the formation of professional qualities among students of the faculty for the training of primary school teachers to be held in physical education classes with a sports orientation.

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT ALTSTU

The article discusses the role of physical education at the University in the comprehensive development of students' personality, which manifests itself in three main areas (development of motor qualities, acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for their successful implementation, preservation and strengthening of health, introduction of students to systematic studies physical exercises, their active participation in the sports life of our university, the development of socially significant character traits, the formation of the spiritual world and the moral development of the student's personality). Teaching a theoretical and practical course in the context of the Covid-19 coronavirus infection using a remote mode of work (self-isolation). Ways to maintain active physical fitness and reduce sedentary lifestyles in a home quarantine are proposed.

Физическая подготовленность школьников (7–14 лет) городской и сельской местности

We consider differentiated development of motor qualities among schoolchildren. Increasing the level of physical fitness of students, is the foundation for overall performance and health, the removal of nervous experiences and negative stress, a noticeable sign of physical improvement of a person. Among the relevant issues of physical education of schoolchildren, the leading place is occupied by the issues associated with the differentiated development of motor qualities among schoolchildren. The analyzed sources about the constant acceleration of physical development in connection with socio-economic conditions are directly related to the schoolchildren of the group we study. The main indicators of physical fitness of the studied group of schoolchildren 7–14 years old coincide with the results of studies by other authors. Constant study of the level of physical fitness of schoolchildren of different classes living in a particular area allows us to objectively assess the content of pedagogical work in the lessons of various directions, effectively monitor the progress of development and the rate of growth of motor qualities in each age period.

РОЗВИТОК РУХОВИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ У СПОРТСМЕНІВ РІЗНОЇ СТАТІ ТА ЇХ ЗНАЧУЩІСТЬ У СИСТЕМІ ПІДГОТОВКИ У ЧЕРЛІДИНГУ

Аbstract. Cheerleading is characterized by a high complexity of motor action structure, which makes high demands on the development and improvement of motor skills manifested in complex interaction with each other, with sports techniques, psychological fitness and included in the structure of motor actions peculiar for successful competitive activity in the form of individual elements of complex and balanced components of the system. This requires the study of the peculiarities of physical training of athletes. Objective. Investigate the peculiarities of motor skills development in athletes of different sex and determine their importance in the system of training highly skilled cheerleaders.Methods. Analysis of literary sources and the Internet, practical experience, training activities of athletes in cheerleading, expert survey, generalization, systematization, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. Differences in the development of motor qualities, muscle groups in men and women have been identified. It has been proven that they are implemented in different motor skills, which combines the processes of physical and technical training. There are significant differences in strength levels between men and women due to high muscle and lean body mass. For women, the main direction in the work on the development of strength qualities is to improve the processes of nervous regulation, for men - to reduce muscle hypertrophy. Competitive activity in cheerleading is associated with manifestations of different types of strength in interaction and constant alternation, with manifestations of strength in concentric, eccentric, isometric, plyometric and ballistic modes in a complex sequence and is determined by the competitive activity structure. The components of athlete preparation in cheerleading include strength, technical, musical-rhythmic and coordination, choreographic, psychological training. Preparation of athletes in cheerleading is multicomponent. Physical training of men and women in the team isconditioned by anatomical and physiological features, which requires consideration during designing models of physical fitness to implement an effective competitive composition in competitions.

Проучване мнението на треньорите по баскетбол по отношение планирането на годишната спортна подготовка на млади играчи

The continuous young basketball players’ sports preparation undergoes several stages, featuring their own specific methodological and organizational characteristics. Young players’ development is related to the dynamics of training influences and their planning in the course of sports preparation. Each stage of sports preparation requires a proper distribution of the number of hours aimed at development of motor qualities (general and special), of technical and tactical skills and habits, as well as play preparation (the play during training, control and calendar games). Their distribution is subjected to certain regularities such as age, stage of preparation, qualification of the players. The aim of the present study is to survey the opinion of sports specialists in the field of basketball about planning the training process and the proportion of the different parts of the preparation when working with young basketball players. The results were processed with analysis of frequencies. According to the general conclusions drawn, in the majority of the responses the coaches’ opinions coincide. There are certain dubieties and differences regarding their knowledge about the percentage distribution and proportion of the different parts of the sports preparation during each stage. However, we believe that every coach’s responses were based on the age group they are working with and this is the reason for the differences in the obtained results.

Study Concerning the Development of Motor Qualities, Speed and Handiness, by Using Moving Games at 6th Grade

During the school year, motor skills must be approached at all times, offering them a differentiated space within the lessons, depending on the season, motors training topics, material conditions etc. Within the study, we proceeded from the following hypothesis: assume that by using predominantly dynamic games in the physical education lesson we will obtain an increase in the indices of motor quality, the speed and skill in the children. The purpose of the paper was to choose from the motion games, the most efficient ones for the development of motor skills, to explain them, to use them during the physical education classes, and have the results prove their efficiency in achieving the proposed purposes. In our study the research area was established, the hypothesis was formulated, the research methods and techniques were selected, the selected tests applied, the study strategy was established, the data were recorded, and the conclusions were drawn up.

Assessment of the efficiency of training at middle altitude as the means for physical state improvement in middle distance runners

The influence of middle altitude on the physical state of middle distance runners has been considered. Objective. Determination of the effectiveness of middle altitude training on the basis of a comparative estimation of the level of physical condition of middle distance runners. Methods. Analysis of scientific literature, testing, comparison. Results. The study involved 19 athletes specialized in 400 m and 800 m running (qualification MS and MSIL, average age 23.9 ± 3.82 years). Testing was conducted twice before the training session and 25-27 days after training at middle altitude and sea level. During the second study, the athletes were divided into three groups: the control and the two main ones. The control group included runners who had passed training sessions at sea level. The first main group included athletes, in whom the adaptation to the middle altitude conditions occurred in the face of high tension of the body regulatory systems, whereas the second one – those with adaptation in the face of moderate tension. The effectiveness of training in the conditions of middle altitude was determined on the basis of a comparative estimation of physical condition of athletes specialized in middle distance running, after training in the conditions of middle altitude and at sea level. To determine the level of physical condition, the development of motor qualities (strength, speed, special endurance, speed-strength abilities), the developed integrated pedagogical tests for athletes specialized in speed-power sports events were used. It is shown that the adaptive effects of altitude training are not equally effective for all athletes. The most significant positive changes in physical condition after training sessions at the altitude were observed in athletes, in which the adaptation to hypoxia was accompanied by moderate tension of the body regulatory mechanisms

Аналіз результатів впровадження експериментальної методики комплексного розвитку рухових якостей і засвоєння елементів техніки юних важкоатлетів 10–12 років

Purpose: revealing the influence of the experimental technique on the development of motor qualities and the assimilation of elements of the technique of young weightlifters 10–12 years . Material & Methods: in this study young men of 10–12 years engaged in weight lifting sections in the Youth Sports School of KhTP, as well as in the sports school No. 2 of Kharkov took part. The subjects were divided into two groups, control and experimental, for 24 athletes 10–12 years in each. At the time of the experiment, there was no significant difference between the groups in the tests that were used to determine the level of physical and technical preparedness . Results: experimental technique of complex development of impellent qualities and mastering of elements of technics of weightlifting of young sportsmen is presented. The combination of the assimilation of elements of technics and physical exercises is more effective the accentuated decision of each of the elements. Conclusions: it was found that the combination of training in weightlifting techniques with the development of motor skills in the experimental group made it possible to more effectively solve both problems – the assimilation of the element of technics and the development of motor qualities.