Development Of Mobile Communications Research Articles

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis on the construction of ideological and political education system for college students based on mobile artificial intelligence terminal

With the development of modern mobile communication, artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to enter people’s life, and it is also constantly changing the modern education mode. First, the structure of BPN (back-propagation network) is designed in this paper. On this basis, genetic algorithm is applied to optimize, which can accelerate the convergence speed and achieve the effect of global optimization. The results obtained from the research also meet the expected value, realizing the purpose of optimizing the BP algorithm. This paper analyzes the AI teaching expert system, summarizes their functions and characteristics, and points out that the college students’ ideological and political teaching system based on the mobile AI terminal can be used as the teaching manager, teaching assistant, and even as the teaching object to guide students’ learning. At the same time, the article also points out that the application and development direction of artificial intelligence in the teaching field can be divided into three stages: primary application, intermediate application, and advanced application, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the construction and analysis of ideological and political teaching system for college students using mobile artificial intelligence terminals.

Performance Evaluation of Key Performance of 5G Mobile Communication System And Development Countermeasures

This paper mainly studies the key performance of 5G mobile communication system and its development countermeasures. This paper introduces the challenges faced by 5G mobile communication system, which mainly come from increasing mobile data volume, connecting mass terminals anytime and anywhere, shortage of spectrum resources, and green environmental protection and energy efficiency; In order to study the key performance of 5G mobile communication system more comprehensively, first, this paper analyzes the practical significance of establishing the key performance indexes system of mobile communication system. Second, the performance requirements of mobile communication systems in six main application scenes are discussed. Third, the key performance indexes system of mobile communication system is constructed; This paper introduces the purpose and steps of performance evaluation of key performance of mobile communication system, and compares and evaluates the key performance of 5G and 4G in wide-area continuous coverage scene based on AHP. Suggestions on the development of 5G mobile communication system are put forward from four aspects: policy and system, demand and service, technology and talents, and sustainable development.

ТЕЛЕВІЗІЙНА КОМУНІКАЦІЯ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ СУСПІЛЬСТВА

<div><p><em>The article presents the dynamics of the main factors for the development of modern television, the transition from traditional technologies of television broadcasting to the latest technologies. The process of developing digital television and broadband has been technically determined to address the challenge of integrating new technologies into traditional TV content. Ways of expanding the possibilities of interaction between the viewer and the television producer in the context of overcoming the crisis of traditional technologies are analyzed. It is determined that integration, development of mobile communications and Internet technologies are a hallmark of the modern world media space and have a significant influence on the formation of public opinion. The analysis of actual media researches concerning problems of the theory of mass communication is carried out. The phenomenon of «social television», which combines watching TV with simultaneous communication in social networks, is considered. The author draws attention to the disclosure of the determining factors of media communication, the study of the process of feedback from viewers on television. It is stated that the development of modern technologies, namely digital broadcasting and introduction of broadband Internet access to create a multimedia platform that combines Internet communication services and television content, contributes to improving the mechanism of interaction between the TV and the viewer. The theory of the conceptualization of journalism based on identity construction is examined: journalists understand their audience and, as members of that audience, connect with their communities. An analysis of integrated journalistic activity is conducted, which consists of three stages: gathering, editing and disseminating information. It is determined that the influence of the Internet allows the consumer to play his or her role at each stage, thus helping the journalist determine the degree of relevance of the story to himself and to the potential audience. The common features of modern telecontent were singled out and a comparative analysis of the trend of development of interactive TV programs of the USA, UK and Ukraine was made.</em></p></div><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> public opinion, two-vector communication, feedback, communication methods, television audience, country telephony.</em></p>

Analytical and Experimental Evaluation of a Novel Mechanism to Improve the Control Plane in Next-Generation Mobile Networks

With the continuous development of mobile communications and the Internet of Things technology, the enhanced network performance can be seen as one of the major challenges in the fourth industrial revolution context, where new services and applications with strict performance requirements have emerged, such as driverless vehicles, smart cities, factories, and manufacturing, among others. These new services and applications also drive growth of the data traffic, which is increasing exponentially. Thus, in mobile network environments, industry and academia are proposing new mechanisms to overcome the traffic bottlenecks and reduce the signaling overhead that affects current networks. Centralized Mobility Management solutions are prone to several problems such as the aforementioned signaling overhead or scalability issues. To overcome these limitations, Distributed Mobility Management approaches are being considered. In this paper, an analytical cost model and experimental evaluation will be developed for evaluating the performance of the Distributed Mobility Management implementations. Furthermore, a new approach will be proposed to improve network performance.

Patent Analysis of the Critical Technology Network of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

With the development of 5G, mobile communication, and optical communication technologies, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have become an important research topic. However, most SOA-related studies have focused on a technical discussion or market research but have failed to indicate the critical SOA technologies and the SOA technology development trends. Therefore, this study analyzes SOA patents and constructs a technology network for SOA patents. The results indicate that the critical SOA technologies are mainly used in lasers, semiconductor lasers, light guides, electromagnetic wave transmission communication other than radio-wave communication, and devices controlling light sources. Among the five critical SOA technologies, lasers (H01S3) account for the highest percentage at 22.21%. Consequently, the critical technologies do not focus on specific technology fields but have characteristics of multiple technology fields. In addition, considerable development has occurred in semiconductor lasers in recent years. Finally, patentee analysis indicates that for SOA technologies, the public sector and academia play relatively weak roles in early technology development or following technology development. However, with the rapid development of mobile communication and optical communication, the government of each country can consider investing additional R&D funds and resources in the future. This study constructs a network model for patent technologies to explore the development tendencies for SOA technologies. This model can be used as a reference for R&D resource management and the promotion of new technologies.

Dual Threshold Adaptive Dynamic Migration Strategy of Virtual Resources Based on BBU Pool

The rapid development of mobile communications and the continuous growth of service needs lead to an increase in the number of base stations (BSs). Through virtualization and cloud technology, virtual Baseband Units (BBUs) are deployed on a virtual machine (VM) to build a BBU pool to achieve hardware resource sharing, which not only saves BS construction costs but also facilitates management and control. However, too high or too low server resource utilization in the pool not only affects the performance of the virtual BBU but also increases the maintenance cost of the physical equipment. In this paper, BBUs are virtualized to construct a virtual BBU pool based on the OpenStack cloud architecture and a dual threshold adaptive dynamic migration strategy is proposed in this scenario. Establish upper and lower threshold of resource utilization of the servers in the pool and the strategy determines whether the dynamic migration is triggered according to the resource utilization of each compute node. If the migration is triggered, the strategy selects the virtual resource to be moved out and the target node to realize the dynamic migration to achieve the purpose of balancing the server load and saving energy consumption. The migration strategy proposed in this paper is simulated on Cloudsim and the experimental results show that the strategy can effectively reduce the number of migrations and migration time on the basis of reducing energy consumption and SLA violations. This paper successfully deployed the strategy on the OpenStack platform, which implements dynamic migration autonomously to save the overall energy consumption of the BBU pool, instead of manual operations.

Guest Editorial Special Section on AI-Driven Developments in 5G-Envisioned Industrial Automation: Big Data Perspective

The papers in this special section examine artificial intelligence (AI)-driven developments in 5G mobile communications for industrial automation applications from a Big Data perspective. With the recent advances in information and communication technologies, industrial automation is expanding at a rapid pace. This transition is characterized by “Industry 4.0”, the fourth revolution in the field of manufacturing. Industry 4.0, also called as “Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)” or “Smart Factories”, is a reflection of new industrial revolution that is not only interconnected, but also communicate, analyze, and use the information to create a more holistic and better connected ecosystem for the industries.

Railway Transportation Dispatching System Based on Mobile Internet Technology

With the continuous development of mobile communication and Internet technologies, the development and research of software applications based on mobile Internet have also entered the blowout development stage. At the same time, the shortcomings of traditional PC desktop applications, which lack portability, have been gradually enlarged. What has emerged are the rapid development of Web applications and mobile applications, and the emergence of new concepts such as mobile office. To this end, this article studies the design and implementation of a railway transportation dispatching system based on mobile Internet technology. On the basis of the existing office supervision method of the railway supervision company and the on-site supervision method of the supervision engineer, based on the MQTT protocol, it implements the active push of messages, develops basic supervision and to-do tasks modules. During the design and development of this system, the Web end will apply the current popular responsive web development technology to enhance the user’s interactive experience on a variety of different platforms. This system uses an object-oriented analysis method to design the architecture of the railway transportation dispatching system. After a detailed design analysis, a complete set of railway transportation dispatching solutions is proposed.

Pavement Management Utilizing Mobile Crowd Sensing

Pavement management, which is vital in road transportation and maintenance, is facing some troubles, such as high costs of labors and machineries, low detecting efficiency, and low update rate of pavement conditions by means of traditional detection ways. Benefiting from the development of mobile communication, mobile computing, and mobile sensing techniques, the intelligence of mobile crowd sensing (MCS), which mainly relies on ubiquitous mobile smart devices in people’s daily lives, has overcome the above drawbacks to a large extent as one new effective and simple measure for pavement management. As a platform for data collection, processing, and visualization, a common smart device can utilize inertial sensor data, photos, videos, subjective reports, and location information to involve the public in pavement anomalies detection. This paper systematically reviewed the studies in this field from 2008 to 2018 to establish an overall knowledge. Through literature collection and screening, a database of studies was set up for analysis. As a result, the year profile of publications and distribution of research areas indicate that there has been a constant attention from researchers in various disciplines. Meanwhile, the distribution of research topic shows that inertial sensors embedded in smartphones have been the most popular data source. Therefore, the process of pavement anomalies detection based on inertial data was reviewed in detail, including preparatory, data collection, and processing phases of the previous experiments. However, some of the key issues in the experimental phases were investigated by previous studies, while some other challenges were not tackled or noticed. Hence, the challenges in both experiment and implementation stages were discussed to improve the studies and practice. Furthermore, several directions for future research are summarized from the main issues and challenges to offer potential opportunities for more relevant research studies and applications in pavement management.

Software-Defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network Architecture with the Multi-Layer Satellite Backbone Network

Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication, the advantages of high coverage, survivability, and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space information network. According to the requirements of the future space information communication, a software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture was proposed. It consisted of layered structure satellite backbone network, deep space communication network, the stratosphere communication network and the ground network. The SpaceAir-Ground Integrated network was supported by the satellite backbone network. It provided data relay for the missions such as deep space exploration and controlled the deep-space spacecraft when needed. In addition, it safeguarded the anti-destructibility of stratospheric communication and assisted the stratosphere to supplement ground network communication. In this paper, algorithm requirements of the congestion control and routing of satellite backbone protocols for heterogeneous users’ services were proposed. The algorithm requirements of distinguishing different service objects for the deep space communication and stratospheric communication network protocols were described. Considering the realistic demand for the dynamic coverage of the satellite backbone network and node cost, the multi-layer satellite backbone network architecture was constructed. On this basis, the proposed Software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture could be built as a large, scalable and efficient communication network that could be integrated into space, air, and ground.

Design of Broadband Printed Dipole Microstrip Patch Array Antenna

In addition with rapid development of mobile communication. The bandwidth required to cover the communication band is more than 45.5%. This paper presents a broadband printed dipole microstrip patch antenna and its array in order to generate a horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna to that three planar dipoles are placed on the substrate and acts as single unit with inverter L-shaped microstrip feeding line which is employed for each dipole element. In such a way four antenna units are placed to generate the omnidirectional radiation pattern and produce the bandwidth of 59.1% operating in range of 1.52 GHz to 2.75 GHz. In the proposed antenna array each unit produce the gain of 3dB. Hence by combining the four antenna units they can produce the gain of 9.5dB which is used for the base station applications and WLAN applications.

Live streaming: Data mining and behavior analysis

With the rapid development of mobile communication and Internet technologies, online live streaming has gradually become popular for information communication and entertainment in the new media environment. Live streaming has been widely used in teaching, reality show, E-sports games and events, brand marketing and other aspects. With the active participation of millions of streamers and hundreds of millions of viewers, massive online crowd behavior activity data are generated, which offers rich experimental scenarios for large-scale crowd behavior dynamics research, live streaming channel recommendation and online community evolution. In this paper, we summarize the relevant research literature of live streaming, and review current studies from a comprehensive list of aspects: workload pattern, viewers and streamers behavior, community network discovery and analysis, etc. We summarize the temporal and spatial patterns of live streaming platform workload, heavy tailed effect of large-scale crowd behavior in live streaming platform, etc. We believe that the future work on live streaming can be directed in the examination of formation and evolution mechanism of various community networks formed by large-scale users, as well as the recommendation and detection of live streaming content.

"Mobile Health" for the Management of Spondyloarthritis and Its Application in China.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of inflammatory diseases characterized by inflammation in the spine, peripheral joints, and entheses that usually start at the prime of one's life and lead to impaired physical function and reduced quality of life. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is prototype of SpA. This article reviews the opportunities and challenges of using mobile health (mHealth) in managing SpA, and report some of our experiences using a mHealth solution for management of SpA patients and performing related research in China. The recent rapid development of mobile communications and the common use of intelligent electronic devices have led to the increasing application of mHealth for chronic disease management by healthcare providers and patients alike. This is a promising new technology that can help mitigate limitations in time and space for patient management, promote easier communication between patients and their healthcare providers, reduce medical expenses, and optimize medical services. We have developed a smartphone-based mHealth SpA management system (SpAMS) that also helps the patients to monitor, manage, and share information on their disease with their physician at regular intervals. There is a shift from a paternalistic model of healthcare to more personalized healthcare in which disease management is conducted by the patient together with their healthcare providers. The increasing utility of mHealth is expected to benefit disease management, promote patient-doctor communication, reduce medical expenses, and optimize medical services.

A Study on Materials and Development of Wireless Mobile Communication

In modern society, the need for rapid information exchange is increased continuously. As a result, the telecom industry has grown rapidly to more than double size of the global automotive market and has a major impact on the global economy. With the rapid development of the wireless communication market, a new concept of semiconductor materials having better physical and electrical characteristics. In this paper, we study on relationship between material engineering and wireless communication system. We introduce a greedy heuristic algorithm which optimize the wireless network construction for mobile streaming systems.

A Case Study on Marketing Strategy of Xiaomi

With the intense development and growth of China's mobile communication and technology industry, many manufacturers have come up to take the advantage of growing market of mobile phone users. Approximately 1 billion people own a smartphone. This has led to birth of many of the world’s famous mobile phone brands. One of the major brand, emerged in 2010 was Xiaomi. In this paper, background of Xiaomi’s, its marketing strategies, business models have been presented. Also, comparative analysis of marketing strategy of Xiaomi and other manufacturers has been done to understand the reasons for the market success and the exponential growth exhibited by the company. The current state of information available through various platforms has been used to perform the study. It has been inferred that, the primary reason for this exceptional growth has been the product quality at cheaper rate with a focus on customer feedback and requirements. The testimony to this fact is its ever expanding portfolio into various domains such as smart TVs, Speakers, home appliances, personal computers to name a few.

ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT AND THE PROBLEM THEIR LEGAL REGULATION

For the Russian labor market, the problem of legal regulation of alternative forms of employment is quite acute. Non-standard forms of employment existed before, but today, thanks to the development of Internet technologies and mobile communications, they have become widespread. There is a significant increase in non-standard employment, which is associated with increased competition, unemployment, the development of new technologies, and the growth of demographic groups that prefer flexible employment (students, people of creative professions). Therefore, a detailed study of this sphere, ways of taking into account the forms and types of such employment, issues of providing employees with proper rights and guarantees is required. The author analyzed the innovations in the legislation in the sphere of control over the self-employed. On this basis, some of the disadvantages and advantages of the mechanisms of legal regulation of alternatively employed workers have been identified. Identified the main reasons that impede the control of this group of employed citizens.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Application of combined kernel function artificial intelligence algorithm in mobile communication network security authentication mechanism

Security threats, security requirements, and adopted security policies in the new mobile environment have changed. As a key issue in the development of mobile communication, the mobile communication network security authentication mechanism has attracted the attention of academic circles and industry, and research on its security has become a research hotspot. Firstly, aiming at the security threats and security requirements in the heterogeneous mobile communication network environment, the architecture of the security authentication mechanism in this mobile environment is proposed. The security architecture consists of three layers (transport layer, service layer, application layer) and four domains (user domain, access domain, network domain, and application domain), and defined security features. The security architecture includes functional entities such as public key infrastructure and application servers and defines new security features for security threats in the application domain and user domain, so that the security architecture can meet the heterogeneous mobile communication network environment. Security needs. Secondly, a linear combination kernel function is used to construct a new class of kernel functions with different characteristics in a linear combination and satisfy the Mercer theorem. The combined kernel function has both global kernel function and local kernel. The advantages function and their weight on the combined kernel function can be adjusted by the weight coefficient factor, and a better comprehensive prediction effect is obtained in the support vector machine model. Finally, the experimental results also show that the support vector regression machine model based on combined kernel function can achieve higher learning precision.

Multi-layer network community detection model based on attributes and social interaction intensity

With the rapid development of mobile communications and electronic technology, relevant network systems have become larger in scale and exhibited different hierarchical relationships. The complex relationships and links among different users make it more difficult to ultimately obtain data on a whole system. Even with the availability of powerful aggregation tools, most companies cannot afford the associated human and financial costs. However, existing multi-layer network community detection methods are well suited for attribute-based community detection. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-layer local community detection model that is based on attribute and structure information. This model can effectively utilize node attribute information and the similarity strength information revealed by social exchanges to improve the accuracy of community detection in multi-layer networks. Unlike classical multi-layer and global community detection algorithms, this algorithm is robust on most datasets because of its modularity and computational efficiency.

A Multipath Routing Protocol with Load Balancing and Energy Constraining Based on AOMDV in Ad Hoc Network

With the flourish development of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) and Internet of Things (IoT) research, as an important complementary form of 5G, Ad Hoc network has developed rapidly in the field of wireless communication. AOMDV routing protocol generates alternative multipath to shorten the time of routing reconstruction, thus reducing end-to-end delay. However, parameters such as node load and residual energy are not taken into account. Therefore, this paper designs a routing protocol based on load balancing with energy constraining, which selects nodes with lower queue length of MAC layer interface queue and higher residual energy to forward packets. The simulation results show that the performance of the improved protocol in terms of the number of energy exhausted node, average end-to-end delay and routing discovery frequency has been effectively improved.

COCME: Content-Oriented Caching on the Mobile Edge for Wireless Communications

With the rapid development of mobile networks and mobile communications, various content can be conveniently accessed. Recently, some novel caching-based approaches have been proposed to enhance the QoE in wireless communications, but it is still challenging to develop advanced content delivery in wireless communications due to limitations of conventional D2D communications and caching strategies. To address these challenges, this article proposes content-oriented caching on the mobile edge for wireless communications. Specifically, it designs novel mobile edge caching based on popular content recommendations. Sufficient experiments demonstrate that the proposed approaches can effectively decrease the traffic load by using an acceptable volume of storage resources on mobile edges.