Development Of Mining Industry Research Articles

Study of the influence of commercial activities on waste formation in Ukraine in the context of sustainable developmentment

Study of the influence of commercial activities on waste formation in Ukraine in the context of sustainable developmentment

Activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite with carbon dioxide: Performances, mechanism and pilot-scale application

Activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite by sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is usually accompanied by safety hazards and environmental pollution. Exploring eco-friendly, economical and effective activator to replace H2SO4 holds great significance for the sustainable development of mining industry. In this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) as a potential activator was applied in activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite. Micro-flotation experiments results showed CO2 significantly improved the floatability of pyrite, and a maximum recovery of 93.94% was achieved under optimal operating conditions. The activation mechanism was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results indicated the depression of pyrite by lime was attributed to the formation of iron oxide/hydroxide species and calcium film, and CO2 effectively eliminated these hydrophilic compounds from the surface of pyrite, thus promoted the adsorption of xanthate onto the pyrite surface. Moreover, the anodic oxidation of xanthate on pyrite and the influence of CO2 on this process were investigated by cyclic voltammetry measurements. It was found that xanthate oxidation to form dixanthogen was more likely to occur in the presence of CO2, and this reaction replaced pyrite surface oxidation as the dominant anodic process. Finally, pilot-scale experiments were successfully conducted and the recovery of pyrite reached 93.18%, surpassing the ore dressing index of using H2SO4 as activator in actual production at the same period. Moreover, the concentration of sulfate ions in mineral processing wastewater was significantly reduced, and the annual cost of activator can be saved by 0.52 million RMB. The new process of activation flotation pyrite with CO2 has prospects for large-scale application in terms of activation performance, cost-effectiveness and environmental impact.

Energy intensity of Russia's industrial regions: Assessment and potential for reduction

Subject. This article discusses the issues of development of mining and manufacturing industries and energy consumption growth. Objectives. The article aims to develop strategic recommendations to reduce the energy intensity of some regions' economy, taking into account the potential for the region's development. Methods. For the study, I used various methods of statistical data processing. Results. The article finds that technological and production factors have an impact on reducing the energy intensity of industrial regions. Conclusions. When making decisions aimed at improving the energy efficiency of the region's economy, it is necessary to take into account both the growth rate of the volume of shipped goods of own production and the specifics of energy consumption in the region.

Проблемы развития золотодобывающего комплекса на Северо-Востоке СССР в конце 1950-х - начале 1960-х гг.

The article explores the features of the gold mining industry development in the North-East of the USSR in the late 1950s - early 1960s. The author examines the causes and consequences of the crisis in the industry as well as the complex of measures taken to overcome it at the regional and central levels. The main focus is made on the role of the regional Communist Party (CPSU) and governmental authorities in the formation and implementation of a new strategy for the gold mining complex development, based on the intensification of geological survey, the gold placer exploration in Chukotka, the attraction of financing and the personnel. The author demonstrates that of the decisive importance was the interaction of the regional CPSU committee and Council for People's Economy (Sovnarkhoz) with geological exploration organizations, the change of leadership of the latter, and the reorientation to the search for gold placers in Chukotka. Due to regional initiatives and the targeted state support, it became possible to increase capital investments in geological exploration and construction of mining enterprises, to ensure the inflow of additional labour resources. The author bases his research on a wide range of archival sources, which permit to study the dynamics and specifics of managerial decisions and actions under an intricate economic and social situation. The article reveals the fact that, despite the achieved growth of gold production, the industry still faced serious problems, related to the Dalstroy heritage, planned unprofitability, moral and physical wear and tear of equipment, stealing of gold, etc. The author concludes that, for the further development of the gold mining industry in the North-East, it was necessary to reequip the enterprises, to implement innovations, to increase labour productivity, and to solve social problems in the region.

Development of Gold Mining Industry in Yakutia in 1920s

This study explores the history of the emergence of the gold mining sector in the mining industry of Yakutia during the early stages of the Soviet-style economy. Despite the longstanding presence of artisanal gold mining in Yakutia, the industrial development of gold in the republic was not considered until the mid1922. The establishment of the Yakut ASSR played a crucial role in shaping the real prospects for gold mining development. The management structure, including the People’s Commissariat of Trade and Industry under the republican government with industrial and mining departments, successfully coordinated activities such as organizing expeditions to survey deposits, developing work plans, recruiting personnel, and addressing supply issues in mining areas. It is concluded that through the coordinated efforts of the Yakut ASSR government, the state trust “Aldanzoloto” of local significance was established within a short period, showcasing the competence of the autonomous republic in organizing the creation of the foundations of mining production. Valuable experience accumulated over three years laid the groundwork for the seamless integration of Yakutia’s gold mining industry into the unified economic system of the USSR.

Silent witnesses: the disputed landscapes of Belgium’s black country

ABSTRACT Through historical and anthropological inquiry, this paper addresses the issue of memory antagonisms involving cultural landscapes in the context of a former mining region: the Belgian Black Country. This region, which became increasingly industrialized in the 19th century through the massive development of coal mining and steel industry, subsequently experienced deindustrialization, and now finds itself mobilized in a process of ‘post-industrial’ mutation. The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, it examines how the landscapes inherited from industry, and in particular the slag heaps of the coalfield, have over time become repositories of a working-class memory, through the living and working practices of the communities surrounding the mines. It also documents the various representations attached to these landscape objects, whose contradictions echo the oppositions between capital and labor that have marked the development of industrial capitalism. The second part of the paper, which focuses on the present situation, examines how these representations are remobilized in the valorization processes that are initiated by different actors, in the context of a ‘post-industrial’ urban transition strategy that seeks to produce a unified and pacified historical narrative. We’ll be looking at how historical conflicts still permeate the representations of these landscapes, the question of their conservation, and their possible future.

Effects of environmental information disclosure on the green development of mining industry: Evidence from Chinese provincial mining sub-sectors

How environmental information disclosure (EID) affects green transformation of mining industry (MI) is still unknown. Based on the panel data of China's provincial mining sub-sectors, this study explores the effects of EID on the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of China's mining sub-sectors and its influence mechanism. The research shows that EID exerts an inverted U-shaped influence on the GTFP growth of MI, implying that reasonable EID facilitates the green transformation of China's MI, while excessively EID requirements may be counterproductive. The above conclusion still holds after considering the endogeneity and conducting a series of robustness tests. Further analysis shows that the impact of EID on the GTFP of MI has a lag and long-term, and the current EID affects its future GTFP. Meanwhile, EID has a more remarkable effect on the GTFP of the MI in the eastern and central regions and the mining and washing of coal (S3) and extraction of petroleum and natural gas (S4). Mechanism analysis reveals that EID affects the GTFP of the MI through technological innovation, but due to the ‘black expected effect’, EID is still unable to increase the GTFP of the MI through energy structure. This study provides important insights for the government to fully leverage the positive role of social supervision in promoting the green development of heavy polluting industries such as MI.

Identification and analysis of influencing factors of green mining construction based on DPSIR model and Fuzzy-DEMATEL approach

Green mining construction (GMC) is a sustainable mining development model with the potential of realizing synergistic development of resources, environment, society, and economy. At present, the green mining strategy has yielded some successes, but there is still a significant gap between theoretical research and practical promotion, owing to the complexity of the green mining system and the diversity of influencing factors. Therefore, in the context of current pressure to normalize environmental protection, how to promote the construction of green mines while taking into account the premise of economic development has become an important issue. Inspired by the form of Drive-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model, this paper constructs a DPSIR model of the driving mechanism of green mining construction. Using the fuzzy-DEMATEL method, each critical factor and influencing mechanism of GMC is explored, and the network relationship of the critical factors is established. The results show that many factors affect GMC from the perspective of the ecological environment, and 11 critical factors are obtained in varying degrees. Among them, green technology and supervision and long-term mechanism are the most important and influencing factors. Based on the transmission mechanism among these factors, improvement suggestions, and specific strategies are put forward. This research effectively identifies and analyzes the critical factors of GMC from the perspective of driving and response mechanisms, which is helpful to support the construction of ecological civilization and the sustainable development of mining industry.

Research on gas drainage technology and equipment of high-level directional drilling in coal mine

The gas overrun at the upper corners of the goaf and return air lanes has been restricting the development of China's coal mining industry. To solve the problem of over-limit gas concentration at the upper corners, the fundamental reason is to reduce the gas concentration in the "fracture zone" of the coal roof . At present, the most commonly used methods such as high extraction roadway, buried pipe extraction, and high-level drilling in the "fracture zone" gas control of the goaf have the disadvantages of excessive cost and heavy workload, and the drilling trajectory of conventional drilling rigs cannot be accurately positioned problem. Therefore,it is proposed to use high-position roof directional long drilling technology to replace traditional high-drainage roadway for gas control, and analyze the influence of directional drilling diameter, position, depth and other parameters on gas drainage efficiency. Based on the analysis of four drilling cases of the directional drilling rig ZYWL-13000DS of China Coal Science and Industry Group Chongqing Research Institute Co., Ltd. at 33 (4) 13 working face of Shuangliu Coal Mine, from the perspective of construction effect,the directional drilling is a more reasonable construction level 5-8 times the mining height above the roof is appropriate; the construction diameter should be as large as possible when conditions permit;when the drilling depth is 20m deep into the fissure zone, the pumping capacity will increase greatly, and with the construction of the mining, pumping Capabilities tend to stabilize. Compared with the traditional high-drainage road control effect, the use of directional long drilling technology for gas drainage can reduce the cost by more than 70% and shorten the effective construction period by more than 75%. It is finally verified that the use of high-directional directional long drilling technology can replace the high-drainage roadway for "fracture zone" gas drainage.

Sustainable development of the mining industry in the context of digital transformation

The article considers the processes and prospects of the mining industry sustainable development. The main results of the study include the substantiation of the introduction of digital transformation processes as the main global trend of the mining enterprises sustainable development, along with the use of high-tech innovative approaches. The presented study considers the impact of the digital technological revolution “Industry 4.0” on the prospects for the of the mining industry development. The comprehensive analysis of the state, problems, advantages and disadvantages of the mining enterprises functioning in the context of constantly changing external and internal factors of economic and foreign policy development of modern Russia has been carried out. The factors determining the relevance of the digital transformation of mining enterprises, promising directions for the development of geotechnology in the 21st century, are considered, using the example of the introduction of intelligent Mining 4.0. (Mining 4.0.) and the construction of intelligent digital mines. The mechanisms and digital solutions, which implementation will solve thef key tasks, are considered. The practical application of the research results will allow mining enterprises to reach a new sustainable level of the development as well as to increase the competitiveness in the global market.

Yakutsk Complex Expeditions of USSR Academy of Sciences and Study of Arctic Regions in Yakutia in 1950s

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the history of scientific research in the Arctic regions of Yakutia within the framework of two major research initiatives conducted in the region from 1950 to 1958: the Yakutsk Complex Expedition of the Council for the Study of Productive Forces and the Yakutsk Complex Expedition of the Yakut Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The study is primarily based on the analysis of documentary material collected by the author from Moscow and Yakutsk archives, as well as information gleaned from scientific literature related to the subject matter. The work allowed for the identification of the personnel involved in the expeditions, the geography of the conducted research, their main directions and results, as well as the key features. It is noted that the work carried out within the Yakutsk Complex Expedition from 1950 to 1955 in the Arctic region was primarily analytical in nature and based on materials collected in previous periods. The research conducted by participants of the Yakutsk Complex Expedition from 1956 to 1958 focused on accumulating original field material. It was established that the research within this expedition was solely carried out in the interests of diamond mining industry development.

Design and analysis of sustainable models for Qinling ecological protection and mining development

China geography, geology, climate, ecology, and cultural landscape are bounded to the north and south by the Qinling Mountains. It has several challenges, including the need to maintain its biodiversity and the need to accelerate economic development. Therefore, the mining area development and ecological community research has strong theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, we studies the Environmental Kuznets Curve, the key influencing factors in the model and a comprehensive strategy of green ecological development based on the three contradictions between environmental protection and mining development in Qinling Mountains. The result of the studies suggested that the solution of resource development, pollution control, and climate change concerns can be accomplished by employing four distinct classifications of enhanced and iterative intelligent, green, and low-carbon comprehensive technological systems. These systems are achievable through the implementation of an independence and self-enhancement strategy in advanced science and technology. Furthermore, the proposed model of Environmental Kuznets curve suggested that there are no significant effect on the sustainable development of mining industry and ecological protection. Moreover, the long-term effects of changes in the ecological and socio-economic environments on a given habitat, an assessment of the sustainability of the ecological environment is more comprehensive and systematic. Thus, the “life community” of ecological preservation and mineral resource development in Qinling is the consequence of the ecologically green civilization and provides the most vigor to the growth.

Integrated research into the stress-strain state anomalies, formed and developed in the mass under conditions of high advance velocities of stope faces

This paper studies the ways of solving the resource-saving direction of the strategy for the mining industry development in Ukraine. The existing ideas about the patterns of changing stress-strain state (SSS) in the mass during the stope mining of minerals are analyzed. The problem of the host rock SSS formation and development is studied. The main directions of studying the relationship between the parameters of mass SSS anomalies in the area of stope operations and their technological parameters has been substantiated with the selection of a methodology for conducting multivariate computational experiments. A macromodel has been constructed to calculate the change in the distribution fields of the rock mass SSS components with subsequent substantiation of its idealizations. The principles of matching the macromodel and the subordinate models have been studied. A new methodical approach is proposed for taking into account the time technological parameters (average daily face advance velocity and the duration of its stoppage) through their relationship with the mechanical characteristics of the rocks. A test assessment of the adequacy of the performed calculations based on the spatial model SSS analysis for all stress components has been conducted. The degree of influence of the stope face advance velocity and the mass texture on the parameters of rock pressure anomalies has been studied, as well as the linking patterns in the area of conducting stope operations have been obtained: frontal and lateral bearing pressure zones and a zone of destressing behind the stope face. A base has been created for studying and predicting the rock pressure manifestations in critical areas in order to develop recommendations for choosing rational technological and design parameters for high-rate mining of coal seams.

Contribution of mineral processing and metallurgical technology to sustainable development of world mining industry

Contribution of mineral processing and metallurgical technology to sustainable development of world mining industry

Role of mechanisms regulating the environmental and economic development of mining industry in the formation of innovative environment of national economy

Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the problems of the national economy and its sectoral structure, subsoil use, sustainable development, state regulation, environmental economics, and environmental policy. The results of the work were obtained through the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, a dialectical approach, the method of analogy, scientific generalization, and the method of economic and comparative analysis. Results. The need for government influence on economic development is substantiated in order to effectively use the natural resource potential based on the extraction of minerals from the subsoil, as well as their exploration, development, primary processing, use and sale. The role of management mechanisms in the formation of an innovative model of balanced development of the national economy is determined, and the priorities of ecological and economic development of the mining industry are highlighted. The concept of state regulation is substantiated by the economic development of the mining industry, which varies between two extreme scenarios - active extractionof minerals in compliance with the requirements of effective use of natural resource potential and/or suspension of extraction of minerals in view of the interests of future generations and ecological imperatives. It has been proven that the improvement of the administrative and legal mechanisms of regulation of ecological and economic development should be carried out not so much through the introduction of new norms as by monitoring the implementation of existing provisions, as well as taking into account the experience of regulation of ecological and economic development in the system of national economies in the EU countries. Novelty. The specifics of the state regulation of ecological and economic development of the mining industry are revealed, which requires compliance with the principles established by law and will enable the implementation of relevant mechanisms for the purpose of forming an innovative environment of the ecological economy. Practical value. The results of the study are of an applied nature, since the study of the principles and issues of priorities of ecological and economic development in the system of the national economy in general and the mining industry, in particular, provides an opportunity to improve the implementation of mechanisms of state regulation aimed at the formation of innovative foundations of the ecological economy.

The Paradox of Downstream Mining Industry Development in Indonesia: Analysis and Challenges

Development of downstream on the mining industry has been encouraged by the government of Indonesia these past years. With the increasing demand for nickel ore, the government focused on implementing downstream in this sector. Establishing an export ban and domestic processing requirement on nickel ore caused the EU to challenge Indonesia before the DSB WTO. In its report to the Panel, it was concluded that Indonesia had violated the provisions of GATT 1994. While it is understandable that Indonesia has absolute sovereignty over its natural resources, it is also bounded to international organisations and regulations, for it has expressed its consent. This paper aims to examine the analysis by the Panel on what caused Indonesia to decide as the losing party and how Indonesia would implement the development downstream in the middle of its sovereignty and obligations on an international level. Through a juridical normative method, it is concluded that Indonesia had failed to comply with the provisions of GATT 1994 that obliged it. It does not mean it has no sovereignty towards its natural resources, for it has agreed to be bound by the provisions. In order to exercise downstream development, it is recommended that Indonesia create national policies or regulations related to adhering to the provisions of the WTO. A cautious approach to governing the downstream may prevent potentially damaging disputes.

Natural marmatite photocatalyst for treatment of mineral processing wastewater to help zero wastewater discharge

Mineral processing wastewater (MPW) with large discharge and high toxicity affects environmental safety, and the realizing zero discharge of MPW is of great significance for reducing environmental pollution, saving water resources, and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry. In this study, we reported natural marmatite (NM) as a low-cost and efficient photocatalyst for the treatment of MPW to help zero wastewater discharge. The photocatalytic activity of NM was evaluated by the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) from MPW under visible-light illumination, and the optimal degradation conditions were discussed. Results showed that superoxide free radicals (·O2−) were the dominant active species responsible for organic pollutants degradation, and 74.25% TOC removal was obtained after 120 min reaction under the optimum treatment conditions. Meanwhile, the wastewater treated by NM photocatalysis can be reused in the flotation system without adverse impact on the product index. Based on these findings, a model of zero wastewater discharge for flotation with the help of photocatalytic treatment was established, it indicated that the water of the whole system can be balanced without affecting the ore dressing index, which showed that visible light-driven photocatalyst has a promising application prospect in the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater.

An Asteroid Mining Model Based on Input and Output Equity

With the progress of science and technology and the rapid consumption of earth resources, the exploitation of outer space resources such as planetary mining has become an international hot issue. The power gap between countries in today’s world is so wide that how to realize the so-called fairness has become a problem worth thinking. Firstly, we establish an Input Output Equity Model (IOEM) to measure global equity. We define global equity as the balance between the input of human and material resources in the management and construction of a country and the overall strength of the country. Ten sets of data from many countries are divided into four categories: Science and technology, Traffic, Workforce and Energy consumption. We used the Entropy Weight method (EWM) based on TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation to determine the weight of each part and index, comprehensively evaluated 12 countries covering six continents and calculated their input equity index. Then we compared the index with the GDP of each country and found that the overall trend was consistent. This shows that there is a balance between input and output, which verifies the rationality of the model. We then establish the Asteroid Mining Model (AMM) to evaluate and predict the Asteroid Mining capabilities of various countries. In combination with the whole process of asteroid mining and the analysis of main components, we choose these three indicators: Scientific Research (SR), Exploitation of Mineral (EM) and Aeronautics and Astronautics (AA) to measure. We use the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weights of the three factors and calculate Asteroid Mining Model (AMI) for each country. Then, the model is applied to two representative countries, China and Colombia, and the future is predicted by fitting. According to the results, it is concluded that the asteroid mining industry has a good development prospect. Next, we use correlation analysis to discuss the impact of the asteroid mining industry on global equity and conclude that there is a correlation between the decision index of asteroid mining and equity index, among which the correlation coefficient between aircraft and equity index reaches 0.9290. It can be concluded that the development of asteroid mining in the future will inevitably affect global equity. Furthermore, in order to explore how changes in asteroid mining will affect global equity in different ways, we carry out multiple linear regression analysis of variables from macro and micro perspectives respectively and find that the development of asteroid mining industry will indirectly affect global equity through its impact on computers and researchers. Finally, based on our findings, we propose policy recommendations for the development of asteroid mining to the United Nations from the perspective of global equity. Our advice can be summed up as “Inspire, Share and Collaborate”. We hope that while promoting scientific and technological development and exploration of outer space, all countries will enjoy friendly cooperation and common development so as to realize a fair and beautiful vision of the universe.

Measuring green development index and coupling coordination of mining industry: An empirical analysis based on panel data in China

Due to the quick adaptation of the mining industry and demand for the mining industry is growing due to the need for minerals and metals, green mining industry has earned much support. China has taken specific actions and made the advancement of green mining a crucial part of establishing an eco-society. Growth tactics utilized by traditional mining economies had negative repercussions, including resource depletion and deteriorating environmental conditions. For China, when formulating reasonable and scientific policies, a fair evaluation of the mining industry's level of green development has significant practical relevance. This study employed 16 common indicators divided into four categories: economical and intensive utilization, ecological environmental protection, scientific and technological innovation, safety and harmony, etc. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the entropy weight method (EWM) were used to reflect the relationship between indicators at different levels. In addition to the coupling of subsystems coordination model, which reveals the relationship between subsystems, scores of subindexes and weighted indicators are also derived. The empirical findings demonstrate that (1) despite non-cyclical fluctuations in the development of China's green mining industry, the overall index exhibits an upward trend from year to year; (2) the coordination of China's green mining industry subsystems is basically inconsistent, stage-wise balanced, and lacks precise coordination; and (3) the development of China's green mining industry is challenging, especially in the management and resto areas. Furthermore, the framework for green mining growth described in this study can be applied to other regions or sectors.

Numerical simulation research on bolt supports’ mechanical properties deformation in high-stress roadway

With the rapid development of domestic mining industry, it is necessary to consider the safety of the mine when mining. In order to improve the high stress environment and the frequent failure of bolts caused by the increase of excavation depth, in this experiment, FLAC3D is creatively proposed to establish the calculation model of bolt support roadway, analyze the basic geological environment and surrounding rock structure of the research area, and conduct the numerical simulation of the mechanical characteristics of bolt support deformation (BSD) in the high stress roadway (HSR). The basic geological environment and surrounding rock structure of the study area are analyzed, and FLAC3D is adopted for establishing a calculation model of the bolt-supported roadway, which can be used to simulate the axial and lateral forces of the bolt, and then determine the boundary conditions. It is found that the supporting bolt in the roadway needs to bear not only axial tension, but also transverse shear and bending. Based on the Winkler foundation beam principle, a calculation model of the bolt’s lateral bending force in the soft rock roadway is established, the lateral force characteristics of the bolt support are analyzed, the concept of “anchoring composite bearing body” is proposed, and the force characteristics of the bearing body are calculated. The research results show that in the HSR, the bolt mainly bears the combined forces of tensile and lateral bending; among them, the bolt’s axial force remains basically unchanged at the tail part near the pallet, and the bolt’s axial force at the end part deep into the rock mass decreases rapidly. The bending moment of the bolt is “wave-shaped” distributed along the length of the rod body in the positive direction and negative direction of the axis, and the comprehensive action of the axial tension and transverse bending of the bolt increases when the stress concentration increases. A smaller roadway radius will lead to longer bolts, denser arrangement and higher support strength.