Development Of Metallurgical Industry Research Articles

Development and methods of mining management and metallurgical industry in the Republic of Tajikistan

The author analyzes the foundation of mining and metallurgical industry of Tajikistan using the available historical publications and predictive research of scientists of the Republic of Tajikistan and Russia, as well as mass media sources. The main purpose is to show the availability of mineral resources, historical and contemporary demand, condition and prospects for their development. It is noted that Tajikistan mining and geological surveys conducted by world scientific researchers revealed numerous remains of the Bronze Age settlements in the North and South of Tajikistan. The remains prove that alongside cattle breeding and farming the Persian and the Tajik people of that time were also engaged in mining, metal mining and pottery. The author adduces arguments for organizing international expedition to discover historical areas of formation of metallurgical production. The findings of the expedition include extremely interesting millennia-old achievements in development of job safety system and metal production in different territories. The results of the research were used to distinguish the characteristic features of the areas, their potential opportunities for further development of metallurgical industry in Middle Asia and especially in the Republic of Tajikistan. The development of mining and metallurgical industry in Tajikistan is of high expediency due to availability of mineral resources and cheap labour force. The measures taken on its sustainable supply of electric power and fuel resources are of special interest. The author points out that functioning of mining and metallurgical enterprises with the Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO) being the most significant of them resulted in creating a number of highly skilled jobs and building industrial facilities in the central region of the Republic. Analysis of the state of placement of hydropower resources in Middle Asia allows setting the priorities for development of this process in the Republic of Tajikistan. The author outlines major managerial problems of metallurgical industry in the Republic of Tajikistan and highlights the important peculiar features of management of mining enterprises under market conditions. For example, the transition to new institutional management methods due to implementing the tolling method of management provided the TALCO with the opportunity to escape bankruptcy and preserve the company.

Scenarios of sustainable development of metallurgical industry: simulation modeling

Due to a complicated epidemiological situation, current economic situation in Russia and the world gives a push to new researches in the field of ensure sustainable development in all branches of industry. Methods and tools available today cannot fully provide this, so modern economics needs to develop fundamentally new approaches to the study of industries. Within the framework of this research it is proposed to use simulation modeling to predict scenarios of sustainable development of certain industries, in particular metallurgy, mining of metal ores and production of finished metal products. The research is based on systemic-synergistic approach based on the theory of industrial organization, economic growth and development, system dynamics and mathematical economics. The simulation model of metallurgy and related industries development, which is based on a system dynamic flow – streaming stratification, was designed and developed as a result of this research. Ideas of three-sector model, adapted to the sectoral aspects of the functioning of the economic system, are used in the simulation model. The development allows to simulate various scenarios of the development of the industries under study in order to determine the trajectory of their sustainable development. As a demonstration, three scenarios of the development of industries are presented, taking into account changes in the most important component of the economic system - labor force.

Inherit enterprising spirit of burn discipline and meet the new challenge

Burn is a common trauma in peace time and war. Burn care was not designated as a specific discipline but a subspecialty of general surgery in China until the 1950s. In 1958, along with the development of metallurgical industry in China, the number of burn patients was increased remarkably, followed by establishment of modern burn departments. A steel worker sustaining a burn injury with size of 89% total burn surface area (TBSA) and full-thickness wound size of 23% TBSA was successfully cured by burn experts of Shanghai Guangci Hospital (renamed Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to the School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University). This was considered as a miracle in the history of burn treatment in the world. Thenceforth a number of burn patients with size over 80% TBSA were saved in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Xi'an, and other cities. However, with rapid advances in burn treatment, it was soon recognized that one should fully grasp the science of the underlying pathophysiological mechanism. To fulfill these demands, specialists devoted themselves to the study of basic problems, and they made significant and valuable contributions to the knowledge concerning basic problems in burn injury, followed by significant improvements in burn care. In the meantime, Chinese Burn Association and Chinese Journal of Burns were inaugurated. An overall strategy for treatment of severe burn patients with Chinese characteristics was established. However, it is also important to inherit traditional ideologies, namely"morality, diligence, excellence, and creativity".

Numerical simulation of the influence factors for rotary kiln in temperature field and stress field and the structure optimization

With the development of metallurgical industry and the improvement of kiln technology, the processing properties of kiln equipment are being paid more attention. The rotary kiln is one of the most representatives of the furnace equipment; higher requirements of the rotary kiln are put forward in response to the call of the national energy saving and emission reduction. That is, the new designed equipment has the characteristics of the optimal energy consumption and stable performance. In order to analyze the energy consumption of the rotary kiln, it is necessary to study the heat transfer process of the rotary kilns. The three-dimensional numerical model of the rotary kiln is set up by using the finite element technology. After analyzing the data, it is found that different thicknesses of the kiln crust and different working conditions have certain influence on the rotary kiln’s temperature field and stress field. After analyzing the result of the simulation, the temperature of the rotary kiln’s outer wall has an approximate linear relationship with the thickness of the kiln crust. Changing the thickness of the kiln crust will not only alter the value of the maximum stress but also have influence on the position of maximum stress. The increase in the thickness of the kiln crust can reduce the extreme value of stress. When the wind speed of induce fan inside the kiln is larger, the temperature of each layer will be relatively high as well, and the temperature curve is softer, and the temperature variation is more stable. It has also been found that when the comprehensive coefficient of heat exchange outside the kiln surface is larger, the thermal stress created by the body of kiln is smaller. The phenomenon of excessive thermal stress can be improved by changing the outer surface ventilation conditions of the rotary kiln. In order to ensure that the high temperature of the kiln wall has no influence on working wheels, and make sure the temperature of the kiln wall is well-distributed along the length direction of the kiln, the thickness of the kiln crust along the length direction is changed, and the structure of the cylinder with wheels on it is altered. After further numerical simulation, the optimized thickness of the kiln crust and kiln structure is found, and the above problem is solved effectively. The results can reduce the inputs of rotary kiln design and the production costs. It can also reduce energy consumption, and some guidance is given on the production process of kilns.

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF FERROUS METALLURGY IN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

consequences for the socio-economic development of the country in the future. As a way out of this situation, a radical modernization of the economy and individual industries with the development of the knowledge economy is proposed. This article analyzes trends in innovative development of the steel industry. Based on the technological waves as suggested by S.Y. Glazyev the authors characterize several periods in the development of metallurgical industry and accumulation of industry knowledge.The modern process of innovation is not possible without the application of knowledge management. In this regard, the article describes the process of knowledge management as one of activation of innovation areas in the steel industry. The features of knowledge management in enterprises are presented. An overview of the current practice of knowledge management at the largest enterprises of Russian ferrous metallurgy is provided. In order to prevent stagnation and decline of the largest city- and system-generating enterprises of Russia the authors propose to create a branch mechanism of knowledge management in the steel industry, based on cooperation, public-private partnerships and cooperation with scientific and educational centers. Successful implementation of the mechanism developed by the authors can help to overcome the crisis in the iron and steel industry and raise it to a new level in the innovation economy.

Numerical simulation of temperature field and thermal stress field in the new type of ladle with the nanometer adiabatic material

With the development of metallurgical industry and the improvement of continuous casting technology, the processing properties of casting technology equipment are being paid more attention. Ladle is one of the most representatives of the furnace equipment; higher requirements of ladle are put forward in response to the call for national energy-saving and emission reduction. According to the requirements of actual operator and working condition, a lining structure of a new type of ladle with nanometer adiabatic material is put forward. Based on heat transfer theory and finite element technology, the three-dimensional finite element model of a new type of ladle is established. Temperature field and stress field of the new type of ladle with the nanometer adiabatic material in lining structure after baking are analyzed. The results indicate that the distributions of temperature and thermal stress level of working layer, permanent layer, and nanometer heat insulating layer are similar, and they are in the permissible stress and temperature range of each material for the new type of ladle. Especially heat preservation effect of nanometer adiabatic material is excellent. Furthermore, the maximum temperature of shell for the new type of ladle drops to 114°C than the traditional ladle, and the maximum stress of shell for the new type of ladle is lower than the traditional ladle, that is, 114 MPa. It can provide reliable theory for energy-saving and emission reduction of metallurgy industry, which also points out the right direction for the future development of the iron and steel industry.

Research of Intelligent Control of Air Compressor at Constant Pressure

The air separation plays an extremely important role in the development of metallurgical industry. And the air compressor which provides not only the required pressure air for the cooling equipment and refrigeration plant but also the raw material required for the separation plant is a key device in the air separation plant. Utilization of the air compressor is extremely extensive in many significant departments such as the metallurgy, oil and chemical industry. The air compressor system is a time-varying, delay and nonlinear complex system. Defects in the traditional control method and controller lead to the pressure instability of the compressed air outputted from the air compressor in volatile gas-consumption situations, sometimes a wide range of fluctuation arising, for gas consumption in the industrial field is irregular. Therefore, the working state of the air compressor becomes unstable. In general, electric energy consumption of the air compressor system working in the stable state counts up to about twenty percentages of the total energy consumption in the enterprise. Moreover, energy consumption in the unstable state is more. It results in both a waste of resources and greater energy consumption. Therefore, guaranteeing the output pressure of the air compressor system steady is extraordinarily significant for improving efficiency and saving energy for the overall air separation system. The turbine compressor system was taken as the research object to analyze its characteristics and control requirements. DCS control technology applied to the system, the ECS-700 system of SUPCON was utilized into configuring the air compressor system and monitoring real-time values of important parameters in the various components. According to the working characteristics of the air compressor system, the fuzzy control theory, as one of the modern control theories, was applied to the constant pressure control system to design a fuzzy pressure controller. The simulation results showed that the controller not only was more convenient and effective but also provided a certain directive significance and reference for control of other parameters of the air compressor system.

Preparation of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub>-C Sliding Nozzle Using Recovery Refractory and Improvement of its Performance

Utilization of waste refractory material has attracted much attention due to the development of metallurgical industry and the requirements of environmental protection. This article mainly researched on the Al2O3-ZrO2-C sliding nozzle that prepared using its recovery refractory and some other new materials. The addition of the recovery material leads to the formation of ZrO2compound. The performance of the sliding nozzle is enhanced by controlling its microstructure, including the improvement of strength under cold and high temperature, and increase in slag resistance.

Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>Si-Ti(C<sub>0.3</sub>, N<sub>0.7</sub>) Multiphase Composite Ceramic from Iron Tailings and its Properties

The output quantity of iron tailings increases rapidly with the development of metallurgical industry and the growth of the requirement for minerals in the world, which could cause severe hazard to our environment. Therefore, it is very important to recover and reuse these tailings to protect the environment and use natural resources effectively. In this paper, the Fe-Si-Ti multiphase composite ceramic has been synthesized from the Iron ore tailings of Panzhihua region with the carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN) method. The phases and microstructures of sintered body were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The XRD pattern indicates that the main phases of the samples are Fe3Si and Ti(C0.3, N0.7). Meanwhile, FSEM and EDS show that Fe3Si is surrounded by Ti(C0.3, N0.7). Besides, the physical properties of the sample are tested, especially the wear resistance. The test results show that the synthesized Fe3Si-Ti(C0.3, N0.7) composite ceramic has good wear resistant property, high hardness and larger thermal expansion coefficient, which indicates it can be used as the abrasion-proof material or transition layer between the metal and inorganic coating. At last, based on FSEM and EDS, the microstructure and elements of the abraded surface of sample is analyzed.

特集 夢の金属へのアプローチ“基礎研究と高性能化” 金属工業を発展させるための基礎技術

特集 夢の金属へのアプローチ“基礎研究と高性能化” 金属工業を発展させるための基礎技術