Development Of Metabolic Syndrome In Patients Research Articles

Metabolic Syndrome and Adipokines Profile in Bipolar Depression.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing social, economic, and health problem. MS coexists with nearly half of all patients with affective disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the neurobiological parameters (clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, adipokines levels, and ultrasound of carotid arteries) and their relationship with the development of MS in patients with bipolar disorder. The study group consisted of 70 patients (50 women and 20 men) hospitalized due to episodes of depression in the course of bipolar disorders. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of the depression symptoms in an acute state of illness and after six weeks of treatment. The serum concentration of adipokines was determined using an ELISA method. The main finding of this study is that the following adipokines correlated with MS in the bipolar depression women group: visfatin, S100B, and leptin had a positive correlation, whereas adiponectin, leptin-receptor, and adiponectin/leptin ratio showed a negative correlation. Moreover, the adiponectin/leptin ratio showed moderate to strong negative correlation with insulin level, BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride level, treatment with metformin, and a positive moderate correlation with HDL. The adiponectin/leptin ratio may be an effective tool to assess MS in depressed female bipolar patients.

Metabolic Syndrome in a Population of In-Patients with Schizophrenia in the Western Siberia

Background. The relevance of this work is due to the incomplete nature of existing studies on risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with schizophrenia. Aim: to study the MS prevalence in schizophrenia in-patients and their clinical, therapeutic and socio-demographic features. Patients and methods: 517 in-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the ICD-10 criteria were examined. All patients underwent a structured clinical interview (SCID); measurement of waist circumference, blood pressure and assessment of biochemical parameters for verification of MS based on the criteria of the IDF (International Diabetes Fediration). An assessment of the severity of clinical and psychopathological symptoms was performed using the PANSS. Results: the prevalence of MS in in-patients with schizophrenia in the Western Siberia is similar to that reported in the literature. It was found that in-patients with schizophrenia and MS are characterized by a predominance of women and older age, as well as a large proportion of divorced, and a smaller proportion of never married. Women with MS were older, got longer duration of illness, and got later onset of disease than men with MS. The age of disease onset was significantly greater in patients with MS than in patients without MS. Atypical antipsychotics were more often used as the basic antipsychotic treatment in the group of patients with MS but this difference between the groups did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: the main risk factors in patients with schizophrenia and MS coincide with risk factors of MS in general population. A later onset of the disease can act as an independent risk factor. The relationship and mutual influence of risk factors for the development of MS in patients with schizophrenia needs further study.

The risk of developing cardiovascular disease in bipolar disorder. Clinical and social factors

Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most common mental disorders in the world with high mortality and a hard economic burden. Although suicide is the leading cause of death in BD, cardiovascular disease (CVD) also contributes significantly to this rate, the risk of which is seriously underestimated in BD. A sample assessment was made of current studies focusing on the link between BD and CVD. The search was carried out in the PubMed and eLIBRARY databases for the following keywords: bipolar disorder, psychopharmacology, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome. The association between BD and vascular disease is large. The analysis of adjusted mortality estimates in patients with bipolar disorder showed a significant contribution of CVD. A detailed study of the mutual influence of bipolar disorder BD and CVD is difficult due to the earlier manifestation of BD in comparison with CVD. Most of the studies have focused on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), which are more common in BD than in the general population. Metabolic syndrome (MS) plays a significant role among CVRFs. The reasons for the development of MS in patients with BD are currently not known for sure, however, the instigated factors are certainly a disturbance of the diet, decreased physical activity, pharmacological therapy, and the lack of early preventive and medical care. Patients with hyperuricemia had a higher risk of developing MS. Lifestyle correction and a reduction of CVFRs, as well as the rational use of certain cardiac drugs can improve the better prognosis of the disease and reduce mortality in patients with BD. The predisposition of patients with BD to CVD is undeniable. It is necessary to consider the high frequency of CVRFs in people with BD, and promptly recommend appropriate treatment and special rehabilitation programs for the prevention of CVD complications, considering the change in affective phases and the applied mood-stabilizing drugs.

Metabolic syndrome in drug-naïve patients with Depressive Disorders

Background:The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is found to be higher in patients with depression than in the general population. As there is lack of data from India, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of MS in patients with depression who had never been treated with antidepressants for their depressive disorder and compare the same with a matched group of healthy controls.Materials and Methods:Forty-three drug-naïve patients with depressive disorders and 43 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were assessed for the prevalence of MS as per the consensus definition.Results:The prevalence of MS in patients with depression was 37.2% and was significantly higher than that seen in the healthy controls (16.3%). Increased waist circumference was the most common abnormality in both the study groups. Compared to healthy controls, a significantly higher proportion of patients with depression had abnormal waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, or high blood pressure. Besides 16 patients with depressive disorders having MS, another 53.5% of patients fulfilled one or two criteria of MS. None of the sociodemographic variables was associated with development of MS in patients with depression.Conclusions:Slightly more than one-third of depressed patients who are drug-naïve have MS and this prevalence rate is significantly higher than in healthy controls.

Metabolisches Syndrom und Prostatakarzinom

The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and prostate cancer (PCA) is highly complex and harbors multiple facets not least because MS is not a single entity but represents a poorly defined inhomogeneous mixture of different diseases and conditions. Although numerous studies suggest a correlation between MS or components of MS and the development of prostate cancer, current evidence cannot be considered convincing. While diabetes appears to be inversely related to PCA, increased serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) may be predictive for high grade disease. Further studies suggested that MS and high serum insulin levels are independent predictors of an unfavorable prognosis in patients with metastatic PCA. Early detection and improved therapeutic options have dramatically prolonged the course of the disease in advanced PCA through the last decades. As a consequence, development of MS in patients undergoing hormone therapy along with the cardiovascular risks has gained increasing relevance. Based on this evolution prevention, early detection and sustainable therapy represent an important clinical challenge to modern urologists active in urooncology.

Q-002 ASSOCIATION OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR AND MICROALBUMINURIA WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHINESE HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Background Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in atherosclerosis. vonWillebrand factor (vWF) and microalbuminuria (MAU) have been the biomarker of endothelial function. The relationship between vWF and MAU and metabolic syndrome (MS) is yet to be elucidated. This study aims to compare the difference of vWF and MAU between Chinese hypertensives and hypertensive patients with MS, and to explore the association of these factors with the development of MS. Methods According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2005) definition of the MS, 133 consecutive Chinese hypertensive subjects were divided into two groups: essential hypertensives (EH group, n = 36) and those with metabolic syndrome (EH + MS group, n = 97). Biochemistry assay, plasma vWF, 24 hours urine albumin excretion (UAE) and morning urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) were measured. The association of vWF and MAU with MS was analyzed. Results Waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), plasma vWF and UAE were increased(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was decreased (P < 0.01) in EH + MS group, as compared with those in EH group. UAE was positively correlated with ACR (r = 0.707, P < 0.01). vWF was not correlated with UAE or ACR (r = 0.079 and 0.052,P > 0.05, respectively). Logistic regression showed HDL-C, TG, LDL-C,vWF and UAE were associated with the development of MS in hypertensive patients (standardized coefficients: −0.825, 0.63, 0.339, 0.331, 0.371,P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions Compared with essential hypertensives, the Chinese hypertensive patients with MS had more MAU and serious endothelial dysfunction. vWF and MAU were associated with the development of MS in patients with hypertension.