Development Of Media Literacy Research Articles

The role of generation Z media literacy in confronting the destructive value messages of digital media

Introduction. Today, the Internet environment has become a usual place of living and working for Generation Z. Digital media have created a unique digital environment adapted to the most diverse requests and needs of the new generation. However, in addition to its constructive capacity and boundless opportunities for education, the digital environment has a negative impact on the value orientations and priorities of the younger generation. The aim of this article is to review the studies on the role of media literacy in countering the negative effects and destructive value messages in digital media, as well as to summarize current trends and educational solutions in teaching media literacy. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research includes general scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, description, philosophical methods (hermeneutics, dialectics), social and pedagogical methods. Materials of the research are articles from Russian and foreign periodicals published mainly for the last 5 years. The main source of data was the analysis of publications in the search engine for world scientific publications Google Scholar. The search for publications was additionally carried out through electronic scientific libraries Elibrary. ru, CyberLeninka, and ResearchGate. Research results. The increasing complexity and growth of the destructive influence of digital media on the young generation determines the principles of developing and shaping the content and focus of modern media education. The development of media literacy should be carried out according to the age, value, and motivational features of personal development at all levels of education, combining technological, cognitive, social, and ethical components of media competence. Conclusion. The development and execution of media literacy projects and educational programs aimed at developing media literacy and increasing resistance to manipulative and destructive content of digital media is an urgent research and practical task, especially in the context of the experimental-evidence-based paradigm. Today, under conditions of increasing complexity and improvement of digital media, literacy and information culture become the key to the safe psychological and physical growth of a person in the digital world, including in the context of increasing civil involvement of young people. Media literacy is a sophisticated set of abilities, including the ability to think critically about a diverse range of digital content (news, entertainment, commercial, educational, viral) and to understand its consequences. It also includes the ability to use digital tools and technologies to create content, the ability to reflect on one's state and behavior and to manage emotional reactions, and the ability to build socially acceptable and ethically correct communication and interaction with other users. There is a shortage of Russian studies aimed at investigating the educational effects related to literacy education of different age groups in accordance with the user's goals and motivations for digital content consumption.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIA LITERACY FOCUS IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE STUDY 2016-2021

The development of media literacy can be said as a certain indicator of understanding the current situation and development of a nation. It is understandable if a focus on a certain topic that is related or discussed together with media literacy is worth observing as a parameter to catch a glimpse of a country’s citizens' level of knowledge. Questions about how the development of media literacy in Indonesia is based on related publications are important. This research examines using a literature study about the development of media literacy in Indonesia, by observing the keywords, terms, and focus on publications that correlated with media literacy in Indonesia that were recorded in Google Scholar from 2016 to 2021 and visualized by the Vos viewer program is used to visualize the data and provide a ground base for the findings. The result from this study indicates that media literacy in Indonesia is still not independent as it comes with a certain focus/trend that happens in the country. While the media literacy focus is synchronized with the real-time condition in Indonesia, it also shows that the level of knowledge from the Indonesian people is heavily driven by the media.

ФОРМАЛЬНА ТА НЕФОРМАЛЬНА МЕДІАОСВІТА В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The article examines the current state of development of formal and non-formal media education in the Ukrainian educational space. A comprehensive analysis of the formal and informal aspects of the media education paradigm is carried out, and the key areas of their development are identified. The formal and non-formal aspects of media education are systematized, taking into account its impact on the development of media literacy and critical thinking of participants in the educational process. The media education experience and best practices of media education activities in formal and nonformal education in Ukraine are highlighted. It is determined that the media is one of the factors in the practical implementation of the theory of dialogue of cultures, and therefore acts as an important social institution of the modern information society. The current state of media literacy of teachers in Ukraine in the framework of formal and non-formal education is analyzed, and it is noted that the problem of media education requires scientific substantiation and the search for ways to modernize the system of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers. The predominance of non-formal media education is obvious, but the availability and differentiation of media education programs provides teachers with a significant amount of opportunities for the development of personal and professional media culture. A modern teacher should become a generator of media literacy skills for participants in the educational process. Therefore, the value of teachers' media competence is gaining new importance for ensuring continuous education and sustainable development of Ukrainian society.

Role of Pesantren in Da'wah and Media Literacy

This study aims to explore the process of media literacy in the Karangasem Islamic Boarding School and Al-Ishlah Islamic Boarding School in Lamongan Regency, East Java, as an effort to mitigate the spread of Covid-19. In the context of the pandemic, pesantren plays an important role in increasing the awareness of students and the public about health protocols through the development of media literacy. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the two Islamic boarding schools have implemented an effective media literacy program, in which the Karangasem Islamic Boarding School through the INFOKOM program and the Al-Ishlah Islamic Boarding School with their journalistic activities, have succeeded in equipping students with critical skills in accessing and evaluating information. This study concludes that media literacy in Islamic boarding schools not only contributes to improving students' understanding of Covid-19, but also serves as a means to disseminate accurate information to the public, thus playing a role in mitigating the spread of the virus. This finding is expected to be a model for other Islamic boarding schools in developing media literacy in the digital era, especially in the context of public health.

"Soft power", "color revolution" and "hybrid war": public diplomacy vs political technology

"Color revolutions" are a form of "hybrid war" unleashed by the global hegemon against uncontrolled states in order to maintain its dominance in the world. Today they are becoming the main destabilizing factor both for a single nation and for the system of international relations as a whole. A comparative analysis of the "color revolutions" since the collapse of the USSR allows us to conclude that the theses spread by Western propaganda about the positive impact of the "soft power" on the "progress of democracy" are unfounded. Despite the presence of real socio-economic diffi culties and the so-called "protest potential” in the impacted countries "color revolutions" are primarily staged and controlled from abroad. As a rule, the main object of infl uence in the preparation of "color revolutions" are traditional family values, historical memory and the country's top political leadership as a guarantor of national sovereignty. The key actors of color revolutions are foreign-funded NGOs and the media which broadcast values and meanings alien to national self-consciousness into the information space and also “heat up” protest relations in the society. The point of application to seize control within the "color revolution" is the election of the country's national leadership or referendums on socially signifi cant issues. Accordingly, the most crucial task of sovereign states is to protect the electoral process from external interference, the spread of false information about elections and their discredit. An important factor in protecting the electoral rights of citizens and legitimizing state power is public observation of voting. Tools and resources of “soft power” are underestimated and poorly used by the post-Soviet states to defend national interests, protect the sovereign choice of the people and counteract attempts of external interference into domestic political processes. Promising directions for expanding infl uence on international relations are concentrated in the information, communication and political fi eld of the Internet which is still a territory of relative legal “freedom”. Among the main areas of protection "information sovereignty" are the following: expansion of Russian jurisdiction to representative offi ces of foreign IT platforms operating within the Russian Federation, development of media literacy and critical thinking of citizens, the need for constant refutation of "fakes", introduction of special programs that can recognize them and determine their distributors, prohibition of anonymity in social media, increasing legal liability for the production and distribution of "fakes".

NETIQUETTE: RULES AND PRACTICES FOR MEDIA LITERACY IN THE DIGITAL AGE

This scientific article examines the concept of netiquette and its significance in the development of media literacy. As the digital landscape continues to expand, individuals are increasingly engaging with online platforms for communication, collaboration, and information consumption. Netiquette, a set of rules and practices governing online behavior, plays a vital role in fostering responsible and effective communication in digital spaces. This article explores the key principles and guidelines of netiquette, highlighting their relevance in promoting media literacy. By understanding and adhering to netiquette, individuals can enhance their ability to critically evaluate online content, engage in respectful and meaningful discussions, and navigate the complex digital media landscape with confidence.

Waves of disinformation in the hybrid Russian-Ukrainian war

This article presents research results into waves of disinformation — massive torrents of false information directed at various audiences during the Russian-Ukrainian war in May — July 2022, intending to elicit specific communication effects (manipulation, misleading, intimidation, demoralization, etc.). It was found that waves of disinformation are characterized by narrative and intensity. Based on the Telegram statistics of the “Perevirka” bot (“Check”) developed by the Gwara Media organization, we formed a sample of the most resonant messages (298 units), which were subject to informal (traditional) document analysis, as well as classification, narrative, and comparative analysis. We identified 24 primary waves of disinformation, among which the most powerful were the following: 1) “The Armed Forces of Ukraine and those who back them are criminals”; 2) “Ukraine will lose the war”; 3) “The West does not need Ukraine as a state”; 4) “Ukraine is a country of chaos and extremists.” The recorded waves testify to the aggressiveness and multi-directionality of Russian rhetoric, which encourages the development of a productive system of information countermeasures in Ukraine and the world and the development of media literacy among the population. Based on the analysis of waves of Russian disinformation, we provided recommendations for the audience on dealing with actual and potential propaganda messages.

Methodology for the evaluation of media literacy in children and youth. Recommendations and trends

In the current communicational scenario, transformed by technological and digital advances, media literacy is considered a crucial competence for active and informed participation in society. In this context, the main objective of this study was to assess the media literacy competences of 416 students of the 4th, 6th, and 9th grades in Portugal, identifying training needs and presenting suggestions for intervention. A non-experimental quantitative methodology was used, and the participants completed a self-response questionnaire. The results indicate that the three grades studied have a transversal need regarding the use of media, the production of media content, and participation in society through the media, and also regarding the analysis, understanding, and assessment of media content. We confirm the importance of media education in the development of media literacy and present some intervention suggestions for the promotion of these competences in the school context, namely the reinforcement of some curricular content, the use of guiding documents, and the development of critical thinking. We emphasize the importance of training teachers and parents on the subject, and finally, we also emphasize the importance of deconstructing the belief that digital natives have natural competences in this regard and therefore do not need training in this area.

The Role of Journalism Teachers in the Media Literacy Development

The study aimed to test the effectiveness of the introduction of mediatized materials and methods for developing teachers’ media literacy in advanced training courses. The methodological background of the work involved the ideas of systemic, culturological, environmental, and learner-centered approaches. The data was collected through a questionnaire to identify teachers’ preference for media technologies. The questionnaire questions were divided into blocks according to the criteria for assessing the teacher’s media culture level. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for data analysis. The study allows concluding that media culture is a determinant of the teacher’s qualification portrait at the current stage of education. It is determined that the high level of media culture allows the teacher to navigate in the media environment as a specifically organized symbolic visual and emotional space; design their professional activities in the field of media education by creating new information and knowledge with the help of available tools and media formats; choose effective strategies for students self-learning in the media space.

Media Literacy in Modern Education: Problems and Achievements of Scholars

The article on the basis of systematic retrospective analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature and modern educational realities, substan-tiates the relevance of the formation of media literacy of the individual in the information society. Since the media ambiguously affect the spiritual world of a person, the education of the younger generation, its integration into society, it is necessary to teach children and young people to adequately perceive, analyze and evaluate broadcast information and use it wisely in their lives. The views of scientists from different countries on the essence of the concepts of media education and media literacy, which entered into the scientific circulation and educational space in the 30s of the twentieth century and are aimed at the perception of a diverse information, to prepare growing generation for life in modern information conditions, to teach people to communicate verbal and nonverbal forms of communication through tech-nical means. Emphasis is placed on the need to start the formation of media literacy in primary school, in particular during the study of the content line “Exploring the media” in the lessons of language and literature. It analyzes the ways of carrying out this process and the components of ineffective literacy, as well as various forms of organization of educational activities of primary school students, the use of which allows to develop critical thinking and media competence of students. Theoretical considerations are confirmed by me-thodical developments in the study of the topic “Fairy tales from around the world” in the lessons of “Literary reading” (“Ugly duckling”, “Mitten”, “Bunny fairy tale”, etc.) using media. It is argued that the development of media literacy and media culture is an extremely important factor in shaping the moral and ethical qualities and civic position of primary school students of the New Ukrainian School, which integrates today into the European and world educational space.

Applied Social and Communication Aspects of the Media Literacy Development in Future Specialists

The article examines the problems of applied social and communication aspects of the media literacy development in future teachers. The research involved such methods as sociological analysis, the reproductive method, the pedagogical experiment, testing, survey, as well as the method of dialectical research. The results of testing and surveying students showed the need to improve the applied social and communication aspects of the media literacy development in future specialists. The main ways to improve the media literacy development in future teachers were identified based on the results of testing and surveying students, namely: create special learning environments, involve students in project activities, organize student interactions with all participants in the learning process, etc. In the future, compliance with such recommendations will expand the dialogue needed between teachers and students, and increase awareness of future professionals features and skills of media literacy. As a result, it will allow future professionals to become aware of their responsibilities and obligations to society. In the future, compliance with such recommendations will expand the necessary dialogue between teachers and students, and increase future specialists’ awareness of the features and skills of media literacy. As a result, it will allow future specialists to become aware of their responsibilities and obligations to society.

THE FEATURES OF TEACHER TRAINING FOR MEDIA EDUCATION OF STUDENTS IN THE DEVELOPED ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES

Media literacy deserves a special place in teacher education, as it stimulates critical thinking, including a variety of reading, writing and speaking skills, the use of computer technology and the decoding of various types of information. In the article, the author analyzes the features of teacher training for media education of students in developed English-speaking countries. Media literacy, introduced into training programs, can be very useful and effective. Preparation for the development of media literacy of teachers can be carried out in the process of advanced training, educational psychology courses, basic training courses and teaching practice. Media literacy contributes to critical thinking, focusing on social issues, understanding the branches of knowledge and children, and shaping teacher professionalism. Media literacy offers prospective teachers new opportunities to succeed and improve school performance. The Canadian, British, Australian, American colleges and universities train teachers in media education. They are acquainted with the media education theory and practice, modern technologies of media education on the system of «key concepts», possibilities of using digital technologies in the process of media education of students. The National Media Education Associations offer vocational courses and media workshops for teachers. One of the most popular ways to improve the qualification and self-education of teachers is MOOC (Futurelearn, Coursera, EdX).

Media literacy of future higher education applicants from theory to practice

In the XXI century it is impossible to organize and provide education bypassing or without using the products of technological progress. The article deals with the problems of media literacy of modern youth and ways to resolve the effects of media and Internet resources on the quality and level of education of future students. The research work aims to investigate the variability of media resources and their influence on schoolchildren and the awareness of future students. The methodological approach to this research represents the search and analysis of theoretical sources of American and Kyrgyz origin, aimed at the study of media literacy among the social stratum of students, applicants for higher education, and other members of society. Theoretical (analysis, systematization, and synthesis of scientific sources) and empirical (retrospective analysis) research methods were used to examine the issue of media literacy. Using the method of theoretical analysis, the peculiarities of the interpretation of the issues and development of media literacy were studied and using the method of systematization and generalization, the scientific sources devoted to the issue of digital awareness of the population were investigated. In the article, using retrospective analysis, literary sources on media literacy were collected and systematized. The research study analyzed the main issues of media literacy of the population and identified trends of development from theoretical framework to practical application. This article has practical relevance for students and teachers who are faced with the problem of insufficient media literacy and a basis for further research on this issue.

Community media’s role in changing centre–periphery relations through participatory, not-for-profit journalism

Traditional notions of journalism focus exclusively on professionals, often embedded in media outlets and publishing houses. However, preceding decades have seen transformations in the understanding of journalism. This contribution sets out to explore the role of community media in working towards the recognition of participatory, not-for-profit journalism, more diverse discourses and enhanced participation, especially in relation to minorities. This research draws on policy documents at the European level, reports from European projects with community media involvement as well as on interviews with community media activists and journalists. As a result, we can show strategies of bringing peripheral actors to the centre by using community media based on access and participation, social inclusion, giving a voice and media literacy development. The study proposes a model of the role of community media in shifting peripheral actors to more central positions.

Medijpratība Latvijā: iedzīvotāju aptaujas rezultāti (2019) un nākotnes uzdevumi

The article aims to present the latest results of the media literacy survey of the Latvian population, compare them with the indicators of 2017, and outline the future tasks for successful media literacy development in Latvia based on the identified problem situations. The results of the 2019 research were obtained in a representative survey of the Latvian population. It was conducted by the Latvian Council of Science project “Latvian Media Ecology: Analysis of the Changes Caused by the Fourth Industrial Revolution” No. lzp-2018/2-0260. To explain the context, the article begins with an explanation of the concept of media literacy, a brief overview of the development of media literacy in Latvia over the past five years, and a description of the media literacy of the Latvian population. Although some media literacy indicators of the Latvian population have improved in terms of self-assessment, there are still results that indicate the need to intensively continue media literacy education and address it more purposefully to certain groups of society. In the second part, the author offers a vision of some future tasks in the process of promoting media literacy in the field of project topics and media literacy strategy and policy planning. The first task is to encourage children and young people to think critically in evaluating Youtube and other social media content. The second highlights the need to reach the population with a low level of education. The third draws attention to the need to successfully integrate the media literacy issues included in the new education standard into students’ daily work and provide lifelong learning for teachers. The fourth task for the future is to design long-term projects, also thinking about measuring their effectiveness.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ ДО КІБЕРБУЛІНГУ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО АНАЛІЗУ КАЗОК

The article presents the research on the cyber immunity formation for primary school students. We present the results of research to identify the youngest audience communicating on social networks and facing cyberbullying. To identify an average level of primary school students psychological immunity components formation against cyberbullying, the following methods are considered: ’Self-regulation level definition in intellectual activity’ by N.V. Ulenkova; emotional intelligence test by Hall; ‘Anagram’ methods for reflexivity of thinking level definition; ‘Concepts Comparison’ methods for the research of students’ mental operations: analysis, synthesis, comparison; ‘Simple analogies’ methods to detect the awareness as a quality of critical thinking; independence of thinking test (from the methodological complex ‘Prognosis and prevention of studying problems’ by L.A. Yasyukova); Lippman’s ‘Logical patterns’ test for the assessment of the logic of thinking. According to the results of the problem theoretical analysis, empirical research and psychological analysis of fairy tales, the main areas of work in the context of cyber immunity primary school children formation are identified. Self-rating and self-worth development, socialization, emotional intelligence, self-regulation and critical thinking are the important stages for cyber immunity formation process. Several directions of psychological work with younger students have been identified. Informing children about the inadmissibility and consequences of cyberbullying on the Internet, the development of media literacy. They also presented a multifunctional, effective method of narrative psychology of childhood – the psychological analysis of fairy tales to form meaningful qualities. Identification of children with the characters of fairy tales and their behavior develops new adaptive skills, and awareness of the falsity of the actions of the characters forms critical thinking. The tale of G.H. Andersen’s «Ugly Duckling» helps to build self-esteem and the formation of emotional intelligence. It also helps in the search and development of resources from various threats, including cyberbullying. The Ukrainian folk tale «Bunny’s Hut» will help to form important components of cyberimmunity – the child’s ability to defend himself and the ability to ask for help from others.

MediaLab: video as a multi-valent tool for science teaching and learning

ABSTRACT In this article we examine the utility of video storytelling in the discipline of food chemistry in the development of media literacy for science graduates and as a radical approach to science teaching and learning where the production of a video is both a process and a product. The pedagogical programme aimed to integrate food chemistry and digital video technology using an iPhone. Students, in groups of four, prepared a four-minute video that demonstrated their knowledge of food chemistry either by preparation of a food item, or by visiting a local industry body and were charged with describing and videoing the food chemistry process they observed. As part of this programme students were taught videography skills by filmmakers and mentored by chemistry educators to ensure that the food chemistry described was comprehensive and accurate. This programme facilitated a learning environment in which students could construct, develop, learn, and consider their understanding through multiple sensory inputs. The programme fostered connections between research and education, allowed more personalised learning to develop, and permitted alternate assessment strategies.

Technological acceptance and media literacy 2005-2018: a longitudinal study of outlooks before, during and post internet adoption

The growth and acceptance of the internet and associated technology has led to drastic social change regarding day-to-day behaviour. Whilst the uptake of changing technology has been extensively researched, studies tend to focus on the dichotomy between ‘user’ and ‘non-user’ adoption and behaviour. This paper builds on existing knowledge by longitudinally exploring nuances within the ‘user’ grouping, answering two research questions: what discrepancies exist in attitudes shown by those considered as ‘users’, and what implications may these have for obtaining and maintaining media literacy? This study analysed data from the UK communication regulator Ofcom’s Adult Media Lives project; a qualitative study consisting of annual in-home in-depth interviews with the same 18 participants between 2005- 2018. Through a thematic analysis of the raw video footage from each interview, this unique methodology provides a deeper understanding of how the same ‘users’’ outlooks may change over time, exposing how changing attitudes can be a key driver behind the development of media literacy. Four different attitudes were identified: enthusiastic, accepting, resistant and apprehensive. Following positive or negative experiences participants’ outlooks altered over time, shaping their use and often motivating a movement between these fluid attitudinal categories. With these attitudinal shifts their media literacy skills also fluctuated, illustrating how the obtainment of literacy is a volatile, non-linear process, shaped by personal experiences. This study exposes the limitations of only examining a ‘user’/ ‘non-user’ dichotomy, and highlights the importance of considering the nuances between ‘users’ when studying media literacy.

Development of media literacy among future pre-school teachers

The article deals with the relevance and necessity of forming media literacy among future pre-school teachers. The aims, objectives, means and features of using digital technologies in education are analyzed. The role of digital technologies in the process of forming the media literacy of future pre-school teachers is examined. The results of the pilot study on the development of digital media literacy among future pre-school teachers are presented in the article.

PENDAMPINGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN LITERASI UNTUK SUPORTER SEPAKBOLA MELALUI JURNALISME SEPAKBOLA

Football and journalism are two domains that are closely interrelated. Football sports news developed in various media platform, such as printed, electronic and online media. Football supporters, in general, are active audiences who are intensely consuming sports news. In the context of media literacy, the existence of football supporters as an active audience is a potential for the development of media literacy. The media literacy that be developed in this program is media literacy in the process of media production, namely football journalism writing. Football supporters generally come from young people who have the potential to increase their competence in terms of football journalism, but they have lack access for developing their competence. The solution is to provide assistance and development of media literacy through football journalism activities. This service activity involves Indonesian Fandom as a partner. Activities carried out in this community service program are training, workshops and mentoring for writing football journalism. There were twenty-five participants who participated in this activity. The results of the activity in the form of articles, which in general the theme is about local football, edited by partners. Articles that have been edited are then compiled into one text book entitled Merawat Sepakbola Indonesia (Caring for Indonesian Football). The book was successfully printed as many as two hundred copies, and sold through networks owned by partners, and involved workshop participants as resellers. Thus, this program has succeeded in increasing football literacy among supporters, and fostering entrepreneurial networks of supporters through the publishing and distribution of book sales.