Maritime Development Research Articles

Preface of SENTA 2021 Proceedings

First of all, I am very happy to warmly welcome you to one of interesting event held by Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), International Conference on Marine Technology (SENTA) 2021. This conference is held virtually regarding the currently Covid 19 pandemic, which the webinar is prepared and arranged to ensure the safe of all participants. I hope this conference could give you an overview of situation that positively contribute to all of us by exchanging good study, research and information between presenters and all participants.The International Conference on Marine Technology is an annual international seminar organized by the Faculty of Marine Technology of ITS, as a maritime country, Indonesia has set maritime development as one of the top priorities in the country’s development program. Regarding this reason and some important issue on maritime nowadays, the international conference of SENTA 2021 pick a theme of “Smart and Sustainable Research and Innovation in Marine Technology“. Through this opportunity, I would like to express my appreciation for the prominent speakers, Dr. Capt. Antoni Arif Priadi (Secretary of Human Resource Development on Transportation Agency), Prof. Tomohisa Dan (Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Kobe University, Japan), Prof. Benny Tjahjono (Professor of Sustainability & Supply Chain Management, Coventry University, United Kingdom).List of Committee are available in the pdf

A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Mapping, Automatic Detection and Morphometric Analysis of Ancient Submerged Coastal Installations: The Case Study of the Ancient Aegina Harbour Complex

The documentation of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) is the basis for sustainable maritime development including its protection, preservation, and incorporation in coastal zone management plans. In this study, we present a multidisciplinary, non-intrusive downscale approach for the documentation of UCH implemented on the coastal area of Aegina Island, Greece, where a unique submerged harbour complex is preserved. This approach succeeded in obtaining information that serves both geomorphological and archaeological purposes in a time- and cost-effective way, while obtaining information of centimeters to millimeters scale. The geomorphology of the area was mapped in detail through marine geophysical means while ancient submerged conical rubble structures and breakwaters were documented using automatic seafloor segmentation techniques, revealing previously unknown sites of archaeological interest. The structures’ parameters were extracted from the acoustic data to analyze their morphometry, while photogrammetry was realized using a Remotely Operated Vehicle to expose their micro-structure. The spatial distribution of the structures revealed the construction of a well-planned harbour complex with multiple passages and different possible functionalities. Finally, through the structures’ morphometric analysis (geometry and terrain statistical parameters) their preservation status was revealed, demonstrating the anthropogenic impact on the submerged ancient structures due to the modern harbor activity.

The Baltic blue growth – A country-level shift-share analysis

The main aim of this paper is to look into the factors determining blue growth in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) in the long run. To this end, we investigate what part of blue growth is exclusively attributed to external determinants, and, more importantly, what portion relates solely to country-specific competitive advantages. We use a standard shift-share analysis over the period 2009–2018, and, subsequently, extend it by applying the Esteban-Marquillas variation. Our research study provides several insights of relevance for blue growth in the BSR. Firstly, the relatively strong impact of global factors on the BSR maritime economies is revealed. It brings uncertainty to the long-term prospects of blue development in the region. Secondly, it is shown that the EU and national polices seem not to have an impact on the specialization patterns in the BSR. The reasons for this policy failure require, however, further investigation. Thirdly, a series of country-specific branches is identified. Even though some of them are of a traditional character, they might be supplementary to more innovative branches in the process of smart specializations selection. It, however, requires a place-based approach, that is greater regionalization of sectoral targets set out in the maritime development programmes.

Radioactivity level of coastal sediments and water across the Sangihe Island as the outlying islands of Indonesia

Indonesia as an archipelagic country is very concerned about maritime development, the outlying islands are the entrance for potential threats of radioactive distribution from global waters. Furthermore, the outlying islands have functions such as territorial defence, security, and sovereignty, economic and ecological. As environmental protection, level of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity was performed due to potential threats. The activity concentration of natural (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) radionuclides inshore sediments samples are range from 3.44 ± 0.01 Bq kg−1, 5.13 ± 0.03 Bq kg−1 and 151.42 ± 0.04 Bq kg−1 respectively and average concentration level of anthropogenic of 137Cs in sediment and seawater obtained were 0.35 Bq kg−1 and 0.83 Bq m3 respectively. The concentrations value of NORM was lower compare to another region but the ratio sequence 226Ra<232Th<40K relatively have same pattern. The presence of fission product 137Cs in this region comes from global fallout since no nuclear activities in Indonesia and the level of 137Cs are almost same as the estimation the concentration 137Cs in the Pacific Ocean and comparable with other studies. Radioactivity levels in all samples are under the value of radiological hazard index (0.004-0.039, trace hold h-index=1) and annual effective dose rate are in save level (0.01 mSv/y, recommended limit AED=1mSv/year). The level of NORM radioactivity is locally and varied for each region meanwhile anthropogenic radioactivity are global and comparable since there are no nuclear activity in Indonesia.

Indonesian Government Mitigation Efforts towards Climate Change in the Marine and Fisheries Sector

Aims: This study aims to determine the Indonesian Government's mitigation efforts in dealing with climate change, especially in the marine and fisheries sector.&#x0D; Study Design: Literature study model.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2020-2021.&#x0D; Methodology: This study method utilized a qualitative approach with a literature study model. Sixty scientific national and international journals, online mass media, and legislations were collected. Data sources were used to explain the mitigation policy analysis of climate change in the marine and fisheries sector. The study stages started from article searching, theme classification, literature mapping based on discussions of various scientific journals, books, and online mass media with different orientations, data analysis, interpretation, and data presentation.&#x0D; Results: The results of the study reveal that the impact of climate change on the marine and fisheries sector is very significant so that the Indonesian government establishes various policies, undertakes mitigation efforts to strengthen its identity as a maritime country, eradicates illegal, unreported, unregulated (IUU) fishing, imposes a moratorium on ex-foreign ships, accelerates the growth of national economy, enhance food sovereignty and promote the development of maritime and marine economies. However, there are still problems in implementing policies, so it is necessary to improve the management system for climate change countermeasures in the marine and fisheries sector in Indonesia.&#x0D; Conclusion: Mitigation strategies in the marine and fisheries sector in Indonesia that can be implemented include applying sustainable aquaculture management practices suitable for carrying capacity and developing an integrated cultivation system. Various climate change mitigation policies in the marine and fisheries sector of the Government of Indonesia are commendable given many recognized successes, but there are still many problems with policy implementation. Ineffective application of policies is due to the government's focus on tackling climate change based on forestry and energy sectors, weak application of laws, and other problems. There is still a need for improvement in the management system for climate change countermeasures in Indonesia's marine and fisheries sector.

Incorporating Blue Bonds as a funding alternative for a sustainable development project

This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.

Study of maneuverability and behavior in the sea of the Light Cabotage and Logistics Support Vessel (BALC-L)

Colombia's hydrographic wealth is of great importance for the development of the economic sectors throughout the country, and together with neighboring countries such as Peru and Brazil, different needs arising from the difficult access to their more remote populations are shared. This is why, humanitarian missions are carried out through the ships of the Colombian Navy (ARC), which are at the service of the most remote civilian populations, providing, for example, response to disaster situations or covering logistics support. However, in the framework of these operations, problems have arisen due to the absence of having adequate vessels for navigation in shallow waters. To combat the problem, the ARC and the Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (MINCIENCIAS) have designated resources for Science and Technology Corporation for Naval, Maritime and Riverine Industry Development (COTECMAR) and Colombian Naval Academy (ENAP) to carry out research for the design of a new prototype vessel called BALC-L (Light Boat Logistic Support Vessel) that will meet the needs of logistics and disaster response. This paper focuses on studying and analyzing the behavior of the BALC-L ship in shallow waters, coastal areas and deep-water operations by means of numerical simulation, in order to know its movements and operational limitations under these conditions. This research presents a theoretical introduction, numerical simulation results and the validation of the data obtained from maneuverability and behavior at sea.

The Enigma of the Hyksos, Volume 1: ASOR Conference Boston 2017—ICAANE Conference Munich 2018—Collected Papers

The Enigma of the Hyksos, Volume 1: ASOR Conference Boston 2017—ICAANE Conference Munich 2018—Collected Papers

Africa’s “Star Pupil” of Neo-Liberal Economic &amp; Political Practices: An Assessment of Ghana’s Elections, US Style Executive Presidency and Parliamentary Governance (1992-2020)

This paper has a dual purpose. First, it lays out the context: post-Cold War/ neo-liberal economic and political order through which western donors have indirectly become managers of African economic and governance institutions. As it were, African leaders have yielded responsibility for Africa’s development to western donors ( The Gist 1986 &amp; Panford 2001). The second objective is to use Ghana to show why and how neo-liberal policies are not only expensive to implement but may have exacerbated Africa’s problems wittingly or otherwise. These policies have diminished drastically Africa’s capacity to rise and face 21 st century development challenges including massive youth unemployment; rising poverty; decaying infrastructure, massive technological deficits and rapidly accelerating income and wealth inequality (Konadu Agyemang &amp; Panford 2006, Alston 2018 and Oxfam 2020).Key themes covered are prohibitively expensive legislatures in Africa including those of Ghana, Nigeria, Liberia, and Kenya with excessive salaries and perks with confusing and malfunctioning hybrid of US Executive Presidency incongruent with a British Westminster (Parliamentary) system Ghana has sought to practice since 1992. This study demonstrates dysfunctional governance which it connects to economic mismanagement, corruption or outright looting. This study illustrates how despite being acclaimed a leader in democratic governance, Ghana displays a dearth of creative, smart and practical solutions to Africa/Ghana’s problems. Lastly, we ask a contentious question: With excessive emphasis on elections and parliamentary systems, has Ghana or others “placed the cart before the horse,” exhibited wrong priorities and can African democracies be built on weak economies and can they be sustainable?This paper applies cases ranging from the Presidency in Ghana, which is front loaded with excessive powers, an unwieldy huge cabinet of 111 Ministers (from 2017 to 2021); MPs doubling up as Cabinet members; the use of party manifestos instead of legally mandated national development plans and what the author designates “excessive and fatal partisanship” (Panford 2017) and failure to check excesses of political appointees, “hacks” or operatives. Cases cited include: a Maritime Development Authority Executive who blatantly insists that his 4-Bedroom house needs 14 not 11 air conditioners paid for by the public; Parliament being a mere rubber stamp to ruling parties’ wishes and commands; and how an NDC majority ensured that oil was used as collateral for loans in passing Petroleum Revenue Management Act (2011 ) A major main conclusion is that Ghana ‘s unwieldy and expensive governance is a bulwark to development. Instead, the state detracts from meeting basic needs and tackling revolutionary economic and technological challenges like applying Artificial Intelligence, robotics, green energy and sophisticated manufacturing systems and 5G and 6G communications that will lift massive numbers of Ghanaians out of poverty. Keywords: elections, democracy, governance, neo-liberal economics and politics, and Multi-partism DOI: 10.7176/JAAS/73-02 Publication date: June 30 th 2021

State-of-the Science of Dispersants and Dispersed Oil in Arctic Waters

ABSTRACT Chemical dispersants were employed on an unprecedented scale during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and could be a response option should a large spill occur in Arctic waters. The use of dispersants in response to the DWH spill raised concerns regarding the need for chemical dispersants, the fate of the oil and dispersants, and their potential impacts on human health and the environment. Concerns remain that would be more evident in the Arctic, where the remoteness and harsh environmental conditions would make a response to any oil spill very difficult. An outcome of a 2013 Arctic oil spill exercise for senior federal agency leadership identified the need for an evaluation of the state-of-the-science of dispersants and dispersed oil (DDO), and a clear delineation of the associated uncertainties that remain, particularly as they apply to Arctic waters. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), in partnership with the Coastal Response Research Center (CRRC), embarked on a project to seek expert review and evaluation of the state-of-the-science and the uncertainties involving DDO. The objectives of the project were to: identify the primary research/reference documents on DDO, determine what is known about the state-of-the-science regarding DDO, and determine what uncertainties, knowledge gaps or inconsistencies remain 689559 regarding DDO science. The project focused on five areas and how they might be affected by Arctic conditions: dispersant efficacy and effectiveness, physical transport and chemical behavior, degradation and fate, eco-toxicity and sub-lethal impacts, and public health and food safety. The Louisiana University Marine Consortium (LUMCON) dispersants database was used as a source of relevant literature generated prior to June 2008. The CRRC created a database that compiled relevant research thereafter. The six to ten experts on each of the panel were from academia, industry, NGOs, governmental agencies and consulting. Despite the fact that their scientific perspectives were diverse, the panelists were able to generate hundreds of statements of knowns and uncertainties about which all of the members agreed. This required detailed discussion of 1000s scientific papers. While the cutoff date for literature considered was December 31, 2015, the vast majority of the findings are still relevant and most of the uncertainties remain. As the ice in the Arctic diminishes and maritime development and activity increase, these five documents can inform discussions of the potential use of dispersants as a spill response option in both ice-free and ice infested Arctic waters.

Integration of marine spatial objects management to support toward sustainable maritime policy development

Utilization of land and marine potential is an absolute right mandated in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution. One of the efforts to manage land and marine potential includes the integration of the management of land and marine space objects in the context of sustainable maritime development. However, the implementation of management of marine space objects is overlapping in legal, technical, and institution aspects. Based on ownership of rights and their use, marine space objects are not only limited to the fishery and tourism, but also marine structures, cultivation, underwater treasures, underwater cables and pipes, conservation, customary culture, garbage disposal, shipping, energy and mineral resources, renewable resources, and military. This study will determine maritime policy that can provide assurance of legal, technical, and institutional aspects of management especially for marine space objects. It regulates rights, boundaries, management and an integrated maritime information system. The policy includes management of ownership, use and economic value of marine space. Marine space ownership data consists of the subject and marine space objects. Data on the use of marine space consists of characteristics of marine space, marine spatial use planning and monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of marine space utilization. Meanwhile, data on the economic value of marine space includes information related to the marine space assessment system as well as taxation related to marine space.

Marine mammal conservation: over the horizon

Marine mammals can play important ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems, and their presence can be key to community structure and function. Consequently, marine mammals are often considered indicators of ecosystem health and flagship species. Yet, historical population declines caused by exploitation, and additional current threats, such as climate change, fisheries bycatch, pollution and maritime development, continue to impact many marine mammal species, and at least 25% are classified as threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable) on the IUCN Red List. Conversely, some species have experienced population increases/recoveries in recent decades, reflecting management interventions, and are heralded as conservation successes. To continue these successes and reverse the downward trajectories of at-risk species, it is necessary to evaluate the threats faced by marine mammals and the conservation mechanisms available to address them. Additionally, there is a need to identify evidence-based priorities of both research and conservation needs across a range of settings and taxa. To that effect we: (1) outline the key threats to marine mammals and their impacts, identify the associated knowledge gaps and recommend actions needed; (2) discuss the merits and downfalls of established and emerging conservation mechanisms; (3) outline the application of research and monitoring techniques; and (4) highlight particular taxa/populations that are in urgent need of focus.

European inland waters : The history of seafaring, shipping, and shipyards at the Lake Balaton

Maritime history and development of waterways is often perceived as a mostly marine issue including activities linked directly to the oceans and seas and their coastal zones. However, inland waters and waterways constitute an important landscape-forming factor in terms of transport, wetland formation, watercourse regulations and flood prevention, agriculture, forestry, fishery, settlement structures, tourism and a number of related services. Lake Balaton in western Hungary is a unique environment regarding its geology, biodiversity, water resources (including springs and thermal waters) and rich cultural heritage. Inland navigation has greatly contributed to the development of settlement structures and trades in the region already from Roman times, but only with the appearance of steamboats and the internationally renowned shipyards the shipping of goods and personal transport reached a larger volume. Since Lake Balaton is a shallow lake, producing ships (both sailing boats and larger vessels) was a technical challenge. The largest shipyard around the lake was in the town of Balatonfüred with some ancillary facilities in Siófok. With the continuous development of railway traffic first on the southern and later on the northern shore successively replaced the goods transport on the lake and changed the system of its water level control through the Sió-channel. In this study, we analyse the development of inland navigation on lake Balaton and its influence on trade and settlement structures and cultural heritage in the region, the connections to international inland waterways through the Sió canal and the River Danube and the changes of ship building industry during history. The article is based on a number of studies on the history of Lake Balaton and a specific focus is put on the industrial era and how international influences have been instrumental in this development.

Instruments for ensuring the balanced development of maritime and inland waterway transport in Ukraine

In this paper, present the appropriate tools for the balanced development of maritime and inland waterway transport in Ukraine to ensure the implementation of the country’s economic, social and environmental plans. Using statistical data, the main indicators of the development of waterway transport in Ukraine are systematized, which indicate a lack of a technical base for a high-quality and balanced development of waterway transport in Ukraine, irrational use of the territory and water area of ports, their infrastructure, transport routes, as well as a decrease in business entities, which negatively affects the economy country. This points to the need to stimulate the development of waterway transport to increase the number of jobs, improve living conditions of the population, curb migration processes and retain qualified personnel, unload land transport, and save money on road repairs. Therefore, in order to ensure the implementation of the country’s economic, social and environmental plans, an instrumental-logical model has been developed to ensure the co-evolutionary balanced development of water transport in Ukraine, which is based on the use of institutional, legal, financial, economic and information and communication tools.

Pengembangan Permukiman Nelayan Kingking dan Karangsari Tuban Melalui Pendekatan Urban Assemblage

Indonesia is an archipelago country with a sea larger than the mainland, so it is undeniable that in Indonesia there are many fisherman settlements. Often fishermen settlements in Indonesia are marginalized in the development of maritime and service industries and even become victims of the activities of the utilization of coastal areas by the private sector engaged in tourism, industry, and services. The fisherman settlement community is not getting a positive impact from the development, therefore this study aims so that the fisherman settlement community can get a positive impact from the development of the surrounding area. This research takes a case study in the fisherman settlements of Kingking and Karangsari in Tuban Regency, East Java. The approach used in this research is the urban assemblage approach to reveal socio-cultural knits as a cultural force that shapes the sustainability of the place. The urban assemblage approach will be supported by search methods which will then be analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The search was carried out through literature review and field surveys. This research presents the results in the form of a mapping of knits between culture, social, the economy as the cultural strength of the Kingking and Karangsari fisherman settlements with the surrounding tourist areas. The results of this study can be considered by the government and local communities in planning the development of coastal areas or fisherman settlements into tourist destinations.

Rethinking uniqueness of China's sea power development

ABSTRACT China's recent maritime development has given rise to concerns from littoral states and other regional powers, threatened that China could turn out to be an assertive naval power similar to those maritime empires in history. However, Chinese policymakers and scholars reject such concerns. This commentary examines the claim that China has developed a ‘unique' comprehensive projection of sea power. The author suggests that, while China differs from historical maritime powers, this is because of the shift and expansion of the maritime agenda in the contemporary era. China is not unique but rather is meeting domestic policy needs addressing multiple maritime issues. China as a rising sea power is an important case to study contributing to the understanding of contemporary maritime power, especially the use of ‘grey-zone' operations in the Asia-Pacific.

A trans-holocene approach to assess maritime development on the California Channel Islands archipelago: A case study from Eel Point, San Clemente island

The Channel Islands of California have received much attention from researchers, in part, due to the long occupation history of the islands that spans at least 13,000 years. The Northern Channel Islands have played an important role in our understanding of early coastal adaptations and development of complexity among maritime adapted peoples; however, this is only part of the picture. The Southern Channel Islands, located approximately 90 km south of the Northern Channel Islands, have a similar occupational history to their northern counterparts, but exist in a very different environmental and geographic context. Occupants on each island would have faced marine and terrestrial environments that could be vastly different based on issues such as fluctuating sea temperatures, fresh water accessibility, and plant, animal, and marine shell seasonality. The coastal adaptations along all the Channel Islands reflected these differences. Understanding variation on the Channel Islands archipelago can be realized by comparing and contrasting multiple types of environmental and material data from trans-Holocene sites, archaeological deposits that present continuous data sequences over a wide time span of the Holocene. One such site from San Clemente Island in the southern portion of the archipelago is Eel Point. Previous excavations at this site resulted in a rich array of cultural material; however, recent research has shown major portions of the collections have not yet been processed, are unanalyzed, or are under-analyzed. Specifically the groundstone and archaeobotanical assemblages have not been comprehensively analyzed or reported on, but are integral to understanding not only subsistence strategies, but also technological development and island paleo and historical ecology. These data form the basis for an inter-island comparative approach to understand long-term human-environmental interactions and impacts to ancient ecosystems on the Channel Islands archipelago. This study focuses on leveraging these under-analyzed and unanalyzed data to present on the variation in adaptions on the archipelago and to demonstrate the relevance of multi-island studies for considering the cultural impacts of climatic change in Mediterranean environments.

STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN KEMARITIMAN DALAM KERANGKA PENINGKATAN INVESTASI NASIONAL

Maritime development effort can not be separated from the development of strategic environments that include the supporting economic environment both on a regional scale, national, even at the global level. The aim of this study is (1) mapping out the opportunities and threats of the maritime sector in Indonesia based on the dynamics of the domestic and global environment, and (2) to formulate the maritime development policy strategy within the framework of national investment development. The method used is SWOT analysis. The results of the study indicate that opportunities that can be utilized for the benefit of domestic development can be seen from the potential of marine in the territory of Indonesia. The threat of the maritime sector comes from internal and external. The internal factors of inequality and disparity gap of development. The external factors threats are border disputes and lack of law enforcement, defense and security controls in border areas. The recommended policy suggested that government needs to do maritime-oriented development, connectivity through strengthening logistics and marine economy, economic development about prosperity approach and security, controlling related with the nation's authority and maritime, and reorientation of development towards maritime development with the achievement of planting more progressive capital.

Revitalisasi Maritim Dalam Pemantapan Geopolitik Indonesia

History records that the archipelago is an area with more waters than land. This has been realized by the royal leaders in the archipelago. Since the days of the Srivijaya Kingdom, the Singosari Kingdom and the Majapahit Kingdom have made the sea a real force to build a kingdom. Sea or maritime is not only a support for economic power but more than that. Mari- time has become a geopolitical force to unite the archipelago. Geopolitical power has strength- ened the steps of the kingdoms in the archipelago to increase their political bargaining power against countries in the surrounding region and countries in the world. The strengthening of maritime as a geopolitical force will of course have implications for other sectors, especially in the development sector of land transportation and sea transportation. This implication is very well understood by the leaders of this country. But still until now, maritime development must be put forward because the strength and bargaining value of this country rests on maritime affairs. Apart from being a geopolitical power, there is also a very large economic power contained in it. Even though Indonesia was late in realizing this, President Gus Dur had formed a Department of Marine Exploration which is now the Ministry of Maritime Affairs. Indonesia’s maritime geopolitical strength has been identified in three main straits which are used by the international community as a passage for various ships with large weights so that Indonesia must be more closely monitoring these sea lanes. The three straits are the Malacca Strait, the Sunda Strait and the Lombok Strait. Indonesia must be able to regulate international maritime shipping so that it can play a strategic role in the world political arena.

The Challenges of Constructing the Connectivity between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait

Today, people have lived in one integrated space that make all their needs and activities can be served quickly and they become interdependent . In line with that, the implementation of connectivity concept within community, automatically, becomes inherent in their social and economic activities.Therefore, people need to construct connectivity in all activities. Even within the bigger community like ASEAN Community, people become more involved in a cohesive and competitive situation in order to fulfill the desired goals. Referring to one of President Jokowi's maritime development programs, namely "Toll Laut", it is the Indonesia government's target to construct/ build up the potential regional zone as strategic hub that connects with its neighboring countries. The long-lived relationship between Indonesia and Malaysia in regards of the Malacca Strait has been articulated in numerous activities. This is in accordance with what the needs of coastal community of the two countries . In this case, Medan and Dumai of Sumatera Island in Indonesia are the two cities which have traditionally established people to people connectivity with Penang and Melaka cities of Malaysia. In the context of ASEAN Community, such a connectivity has been part of the ASEAN Community target. There are three elements inherent in the connectivity concept, namely infrastructures, institutions and people to people. The two Indonesia coastal regions in this regards need to construct the other two concepts of connectivity in order to obtain the “normal” connectivity which is the prerequisite to connect Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait. This becomes a big challenge for the Indonesia to fulfill the target of competitive,cohesive and inclusive sub-regional connectivity development. This paper aims at scrutinizing the main quest, which focuses on the challenges faced by Indonesia in building up /constructing the maritime connectivity with Malaysia in the Malacca Strait. The paper is in favor of the argument that the Indonesia’s maritime corridors [Dumai and Medan] seem to have problem. The maritime connectivity between the two countries has not built adequately. In this regards, the government should streamline the management system linked to the internal connectivity issue.