Development Of Malignant Tumors Research Articles

Discovery of novel BRD4-BD2 inhibitors via in silico approaches: QSAR techniques, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors, which has attracted the attention of scientific research institutions and pharmaceutical companies. The structural modification of most currently available BRD4 inhibitors is relatively simple, but the drug effectiveness is limited. Research has found that the inhibition of BD1 may promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell; however, the inhibition of BD2 will not cause this outcome. Therefore, newly potential drugs which target BRD4-BD2 need further research. Herein, we initially built QSAR models out of 49 compounds using HQSAR, CoMFA, CoMSIA, and Topomer CoMFA technology. All of the models have shown suitable reliabilities (q2 = 0.778, 0.533, 0.640, 0.702, respectively) and predictive abilities (r2pred = 0.716, 0.6289, 0.6153, 0.7968, respectively) for BRD4-BD2 inhibitors. On the basis of QSAR results and the search of the R-group in the topomer search module, we designed 20 new compounds with high activity that showed appropriate docking score and suitable ADMET. Docking studies and MD simulation were carried out to reveal the amino acid residues (Asn351, Cys347, Tyr350, Pro293, and Asp299) at the active site of BRD4-BD2. Free energy calculations and free energy landscapes verified the stable binding results and indicated stable conformations of the complexes. These theoretical studies provide guidance and theoretical basis for designing and developing novel BRD4-BD2 inhibitors.

A mysterious triangle of blood, bones, and nerves.

The relationship between bone tissue and bone marrow, which is responsible for hematopoiesis, is inseparable. Osteoblasts and osteocytes, which produce and consist of bone tissue, regulate the function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), the ancestors of all hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The peripheral nervous system finely regulates bone remodeling in bone tissue and modulates HSC function within the bone marrow, either directly or indirectly via modification of the HSC niche function. Peripheral nerve signals also play an important role in the development and progression of malignant tumors (including hematopoietic tumors) and normal tissues, and peripheral nerve control is emerging as a potential new therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the linkage among blood system, bone tissue, and peripheral nerves.

A retrospective analysis of Stewart-Treves syndrome in the context of chronic lymphedema

BackgroundStewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is an angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema. ObjectivesThis article analyses the characteristics of twenty-two patients and proposes active intervention in lymphedema and the early diagnosis of STS. MethodsTwenty-two patients with STS were diagnosed at the centre over an 11-year period. Clinical manifestations, a series of conventional analyses, and histopathology were used to study these cases retrospectively. ResultsThe age range of 22 patients with STS was 15 to 78 years. The main clinical manifestations included multiple skin and subcutaneous nodules and scattered red or purplish-red rashes in the lymphoedematous limbs. These patients often showed clinical symptoms such as lymphedema, weakness, emaciation, pain, mass, lymphadenopathy and so on. The positive rates of ultrasonography, MRI and radionuclide imaging were 66.7% (6/9), 92.3% (12/13) and 18.2% (2/11), respectively. The main points regarding active intervention in lymphedema and early diagnosis of STS were summarized. Study limitationsSince this was a retrospective study, the main points summarized by the author need to be further quantified in clinical work to guide the diagnosis of this kind of disease more conveniently. In addition, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the role of lymphedema in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. ConclusionsSTS can appear in lymphoedematous tissue many years after lymphedema onset. To avoid delays in the diagnosis and therapy of STS, physicians should actively look for signs or symptoms of malignant lymphedema during the follow-up period and promptly manage patients developing problems.

A Retrospective Study on the Malignancies after Renal Transplantation

Detection of post-transplant malignant tumors and the analysis of the associated risk factors is important for monitoring the progress after renal transplantation. In this study, we retrospectively examined the medical records of 298 patients who underwent renal transplantation at two facilities in Nagasaki Prefecture (Nagasaki University Hospital and National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center). Of the 298 patients, 45 (15.1%) patients had developed malignant tumors with 50 lesions. The most common type of malignant tumor was skin cancer (eight patients; 17.8%), followed by renal cancer (six patients; 13.3%), and pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer, (four patients; 9.0% each). Five patients (11.1%) had multiple cancers, four of whom had skin cancer. The cumulative incidence within 10 and 20 years after renal transplantation was 6.0 and 17.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified age at transplantation and administration of cyclosporine and rituximab as risk factors, while multivariate analysis identified age at transplantation and administration of rituximab as independent factors. The administration of rituximab was associated with the development of malignant tumors. However, further investigation is required to establish the association with post-transplant malignant neoplasms.

Potential medicinal value of N6-methyladenosine in autoimmune diseases and tumours.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are closely related to malignant tumours. On the one hand, ADs can increase the incidence of tumours; on the other hand, malignant tumours can cause rheumatic disease-like manifestations. With the increasing depth of analysis into the mechanism of N6 -methyladenosine (m6A) modification, it has been found that changes in m6A-related modification enzymes are closely related to the occurrence and development of ADs and malignant tumours. In this review, we explore the pathogenesis of ADs and tumours based on m6A modification. According to systematic assessment of the similarities between ADs and tumours, m6A may represent a common target of both diseases. At present, most of the drugs targeting m6A are in the research and development stage, not in clinical trials. Therefore, advancing the development of drugs targeting m6A is of great significance for both the combined treatment of ADs and malignant tumours and improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

E2F1 combined with LINC01004 super-enhancer to promote hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis

IntroductionSuper-enhancer-associated lncRNAs play important roles in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ObjectivesThe current work aimed to identify and characterize super-enhancer-associated lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC.MethodsH3K27ac ChIP-seq data from HepG2 cell line and two HCC tissues were used to identify super-enhancer-associated lncRNAs in HCC. JQ-1 treatment and CRISPR-dCas9 system were performed to confirm super-enhancer activity. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), ChIP-qPCR, and dual-luciferase reporter system assay demonstrated the regulation of E2F1 on super-enhancer. Functional loss experiment was used to identify the function of LINC01004.ResultsIn this study, we identified and characterized LINC01004, a novel super-enhancer-associated lncRNA, as a crucial oncogene in HCC. LINC01004 was upregulated in liver cancer tissues and was associated with poor patient prognosis. Moreover, LINC01004 promoted cell proliferation and metastasis of HCC. The binding of E2F1 to the super-enhancer could promote the transcription of LINC01004, while the inhibition of super-enhancer activity decreased LINC01004 expression.ConclusionThis finding might provide mechanistic insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis and the biological function of super-enhancer. LINC01004 can serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC patient.Graphical abstract

Expression and significance of m6A-RNA-methylation in oral cancer and precancerous lesion.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are a series of related pathologic and molecular events involving simple epithelial hyperplasia, mild to severe dysplasia and canceration. N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation, as the most common modification of both coding mRNA and non-coding ncRNA in eukaryotes, participates in the regulation of the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors in human. However, its role in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and OSCC remain unclear. In this study, multiple public databases were used for bioinformatics analysis of 23 common m6A methylation regulators in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Protein expressions of IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 were verified accordingly in clinical cohort samples of OED and OSCC. Patients with high expression of FTO、HNRNPC、HNRNPA2B1、LRPPRC、IGF2BP1、IGF2BP2、IGF2BP3 had a poor prognosis. IGF2BP2 had a relatively high mutation rate in HNSCC, and its expression was significantly positively correlated with tumor purity, and significantly negatively correlated with the infiltration level of B cells and CD8+T cells. The expression of IGF2BP3 was significantly positively correlated with tumor purity and CD4+T cells. Immunohistochemistrically, the expression of IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 in oral simple epithelial hyperplasia, OED and OSCC increased gradually. Both were strongly expressed in OSCC. IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 were the potential biological prognostic indicators of OED and OSCC.

Mechanosensitive Ion Channels and Their Role in Cancer Cells.

Mechanical forces are an inherent element in the world around us. The effects of their action can be observed both on the macro and molecular levels. They can also play a prominent role in the tissues and cells of animals due to the presence of mechanosensitive ion channels (MIChs) such as the Piezo and TRP families. They are essential in many physiological processes in the human body. However, their role in pathology has also been observed. Recent discoveries have highlighted the relationship between these channels and the development of malignant tumors. Multiple studies have shown that MIChs mediate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells via various mechanisms. This could show MIChs as new potential biomarkers in cancer detection and prognosis and interesting therapeutic targets in modern oncology. Our paper is a review of the latest literature on the role of the Piezo1 and TRP families in the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in different types of cancer.

Genomic instability-related twelve-microRNA signatures for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth among all malignant tumors globally, especially in East Asia, and has attracted extensive attention and research. MicroRNA (miRNA) modulation during genomic instability (GI) may be associated with the development and metastasis of malignant tumors. We aimed to identify GI-related miRNA signatures for the prediction of GC prognosis. We constructed a GI-related miRNA signature (GIMiSig) scheme based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) training set (n = 389), which was later verified based on the TCGA test set (n = 194). GI-related miRNAs were identified by analyzing somatic mutation profiles and miRNA expression. A GI-related miRNA-gene co-expression network was also constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were analyzed to reveal possible biological pathways associated with GI-related miRNAs. The correlation of the GIMiSig with clinical factors of the TCGA dataset was analyzed. MiRNA mimics and inhibitors were used to evaluate the biological functions of miR-100-5p and miR-145-3p in GC cell lines AGS and MKN-45. This study identified a GI-related 12-miRNA signature for the prediction of GC prognosis. GIMiSig scores, similar to tumor stages, showed significant correlations with overall survival (OS, p < 0.05). GIMiSig showed high accuracy in predicting GC prognosis. MiR-100-5p and miR-145-3p promoted cell growth, invasion, and migration but inhibited apoptosis in GC cells. We report a reliable GI-related 12-miRNA signature for predicting GC prognosis. Furthermore, miR-100-5p and miR-145-3p may promote GC cell growth, invasion, and migration.

Construction of an original anoikis-related prognostic model closely related to immune infiltration in gastric cancer.

Background: Anoikis is considered as a particular type of programmed cell death, the weakness or resistance of which contributes greatly to the development and progression of most malignant solid tumors. However, the latent impact of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) on gastric cancer (GC) is still ambiguous. Based on these, this study established an anoikis-related prognostic model of GC to identify the prognosis of patients and provide more effective treatment in clinical practice. Methods: First, we extracted four public datasets containing the gene expression and clinicopathological information of GC, which were worked as the training and validating sets, separately. Then, an anoikis-related survival-predicted model of GC was developed via Lasso and COX regression analyses and verified by using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Next, we assigned GC patients to two groups characterized by the risk score calculated and analyzed somatic mutation, functional pathways, and immune infiltration between the different two groups. Finally, a unique nomogram was offered to clinicians to forecast the personal survival probability of GC patients. Results: Based on seven anoikis-related markers screened and identified, a carcinogenic model of risk score was produced. Patients placed in the high-score group suffered significantly worse overall survival (OS) in four cohorts. Additionally, the model revealed a high sensitivity and specificity to prognosticate the prognoses of GC patients [area under the ROC curve (AUC) at 5-year = 0.713; GSE84437, AUC at 5-year = 0.639; GSE15459, AUC at 5-year = 0.672; GSE62254, AUC at 5-year = 0.616]. Apart from the excellent predictive performance, the model was also identified as an independent prediction factor from other clinicopathological characteristics. Combining anoikis-related prognostic model with GC clinical features, we built a more comprehensive nomogram to foresee the likelihood of survival of GC patients in a given year, showing a well-accurate prediction performance. Conclusion: In summary, this study created a new anoikis-related signature for GC, which has potentially provided new critical insights into survival prediction and individualized therapy development.

Involvement of long non-coding RNA LOXL1-AS1 in the tumourigenesis and development of malignant tumours: a narrative review.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes in organisms. LncRNAs play a significant role as oncogenic or tumour-suppressing factors in various biological processes associated with malignant tumours and are closely linked to the occurrence and development of malignancies. Lysyl oxidase like 1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1) is a recently discovered lncRNA. It is upregulated in various malignant tumours and is associated with pathological characteristics such as tumour size, tumour node metastasis (TNM) staging, lymph node metastasis, and tumour prognosis. LOXL1-AS1 exerts its oncogenic role by competitively binding with multiple microRNAs (miRs), thereby regulating the expression of downstream target genes and controlling relevant signalling pathways. This article aims to explore the structure and the function of LOXL1-AS1, and the relationship between LOXL1-AS1 and the occurrence and development of human malignant tumours to provide a reference for further clinical research. English literature on LOXL1-AS1 in the occurrence and development of various malignant tumours was searched in PubMed. The main search terms were "LOXL1-AS1", "tumour". This article mainly summarizes the biological processes in which LOXL1-AS1 is involved in various human malignant tumours and the ways in which this lncRNA affects malignant biological behaviours such as proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and apoptosis of tumour cells through different molecular regulatory mechanisms. This article also explores the potential clinical significance and application prospects of LOXL1-AS1, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and screening of prognostic markers for malignant tumours. LOXL1-AS1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), binding to miRs to regulate downstream target genes and exert its oncogenic effects. LOXL1-AS1 may become a novel molecular biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment in humans, and it may also serve as an independent prognostic indicator.

The Association between IL10 rs1800896 A/G and rs1800871 T/C Polymorphisms and Cancer Susceptibility

Background: The significance of interleukin-10(IL-10) on the susceptibility of malignant tumor is one of the hot spots of current research. 1082A &gt; G (rs1800896) and -819C &gt; T (rs1800871) are two genetic variants of IL-10, and their effects on malignancy need to be further explored. Therefore, in order to further explore the relationship between IL-10 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility and the role of IL-10 in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, in this paper, we use of odds ratios (ORs), corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and in silico tools. analysis to study the relationship between the two. Furthermore, GSEA was used to analyze the expression of IL-10 in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer and prostate cancer. We conducted a systematic analysis of 50 controlled trials involving 15,418 cancer patients and 18,597 controls. The analysis showed that the -1082A&gt;G (rs1800896) and -819C&gt;T (rs1800871) polymorphism were associated with the risk of bladder cancer. GSEA showed that IL-10 was highly expressed through the Cytokine-Cytokine-receptor-interaction pathway, JSK-STAT-signaling pathway, Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway and Leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway.

Retracted] An Eight‐mRNA Prognostic Model to Predict Survival in Hepatic Cellular Cancer

Background. Transcriptional dysregulation plays a critical role in the onset and development of malignant tumors. Employing gene dysregulation to forecast the change of tumors is valuable for cancer diagnosis. However, the prognostic prediction for HCC using combined gene models remains insufficient. Methods. The expression profiles of GSE103512 and TCGA‐LIHC were downloaded. Gene Ontology (Go) was used to evaluate the overlapping differential genes (DEG) in TCGA and GSE103512. The core genes in the critical module most significantly related to HCC were obtained by WGCNA. Eight genes most significantly related to HCC and OS were identified by reweighted coexpression network analysis and Cox regression. Results. We selected eight genes, FZEB1, CDK1, RAD54L, COL1A2, ATP1B3, CASP8, USP39, and HOXB7. Moreover, we constructed an eight‐gene model and forecasted the prognosis of HCC. ROC curve of the eight‐mRNA prognostic model was screened out (AUC = 0.635), suggesting that this model exhibited a good prediction performance. Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of patients in the high‐risk group was significantly lower than that in the low‐risk group. Conclusion. The eight‐mRNAs model might forecast the OS of HCC patients and advance remedial decision‐making.

In Situ Measurements of Cell Mechanical Properties Using Force Spectroscopy.

Mechanobiology focuses on how physical forces and the mechanical properties of cells and whole tissues affect their function. The mechanical properties of cells are of particular interest to developmental biology and stem cell differentiation, lymphocyte activation and phagocytic action in phagocytes, and development of malignant tumors and metastases. These properties can be measured on whole tissue and cell culture. Advances in instrument sensitivity and design, as well as improved techniques and scientific know-how achieved over the past few decades, allow researchers to study the mechanical properties of single cells and even at the subcellular level. Particularly, nanoindentation measurements using atomic force microscopy (AFM) mechanically probes single cells and even allows mapping of these traits. This chapter discusses these measurements from the experimental design to the analysis.

Адренергическая и холинергическая иннервация опухолеподобных образований голосовых складок у больных c вегетативными расстройствами

To develop therapeutic measures aimed at improving the voice and including exposure to specific mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), it is necessary to know the features of the autonomic innervation of the vocal folds, which has a significant impact on the work of the vocal apparatus by regulating the trophic state of the elements forming it. Objective. Histochemical detection of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers in tumor-like formations of vocal folds in patients with autonomic disorders. Materials and methods. A comprehensive examination of 64 patients with impaired voice function was carried out. During the examination, the medical history was studied, an objective examination of the upper respiratory tract according to generally accepted methods and with the help of video stroboscopic instrumentation, a cytological examination of touch preparation from the affected laryngeal area, and a study of the functional state of the ANS from the surgical material, including histological and histochemical examination of the removed tissue, were carried out. As a result, all patients were clinically diagnosed with a vocal fold polyp. Results. Histological, histochemical, and cytological studies have shown that in 80% of patients morphofunctional alterations of the vocal folds were combined with inadequate autonomic maintenance of activity. The data obtained allow us to assume that hyperplastic compensatory and adaptive responses of the laryngeal mucosa pass to pathological dystrophic changes and may contribute to deviations of the mucosal epithelium from normal histological differentiation toward atypia. Such changes create conditions for the development of benign and malignant tumors. Conclusion. In general, the data obtained give reason to believe that with prolonged dysfunction of the ANS a neurodystrophic process develops in the body, taking part in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diseases of the larynx. With this in mind when performing preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at patients with tumor-like formations of the vocal folds, it is necessary to assess the functional state of the ANS and include measures to correct autonomic parameters in the general treatment and rehabilitation regimen.

КОМПЛЕКС ТУБЕРОЗНОГО СКЛЕРОЗА: КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ РАННЕЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, tuberous sclerosis, Burneville-Pringle disease) is a multi-organ syndrome manifested by the development of benign and malignant tumours with different localizations. The main cause of death in patients with TSC is the progression of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in the brain, angymyolipomas in the kidneys and the development of lymphangiomyomatosis. Although renal cell carcinoma is relatively rare (only 2–4% of patients with TSC), it nevertheless contributes significantly to mortality. Extrarenal manifestations of TSC in the chest, abdomen and central nervous system help in the diagnosis of TSC. The paper presents the data on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostic criteria, current approaches to therapy and results of our own observation of patient with TSC.

Association Between Polymorphism in Diabetes Susceptibility Gene Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2mRNA-Binding Protein 2 and Risk of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Numerous studies have shown that polymorphisms in the diabetes susceptibility gene, insulin-like growth factor 2mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), are associated with the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors; however, their correlation with the onset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether IGF2BP2 polymorphisms increase the risk of developing DLBCL. This study included 295 DLBCL patients and 331 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood was collected, and polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) was used to detect IGF2BP2 gene polymorphisms. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between IGF2BP2 polymorphism and the risk of DLBCL, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). P < .05 indicated statistical significance. The rs4402960 polymorphism in the IGF2BP2 gene was associated with the occurrence and development of DLBCL. After adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, GT (odd ratio [OR] = 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-2.19; P = .016), TT (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.09-3.68; P = .026), and T genotype carrying (GT + TT) (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.17-2.25; P = .004) significantly increased the risk of DLBCL. This study also found that the polymorphism rs1470579 was related to the development of DLBCL. After adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, AC (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.11-2.17; P = .010), CC (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.17-4.06; P = .014), and C genotype carrying (AC + CC) (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.19-2.26; P = .002) significantly increased the risk of DLBCL. Our study found that polymorphism in the IGF2BP2 gene was associated with an increased risk of developing DLBCL.

NEW DATA ON HISTOGENESIS AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF LUNG CANCER.

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in men around the world, which poses a number of important challenges for scientists. To analyze the histogenesis, features of the histological structure, and growth of LC. The surgical material of 81 patients with LC was studied. Histological preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) using the Papanicolaou method. Immunohistochemical reactions with monoclonals (Ki67, PCNA) were conducted. In histological preparations of all LC types (squamous, adenocarcinoma, and small cell), along with solid growth, tumor growth in the alveoli was determined, which started from the basal membrane and grew toward the alveolus center, as evidenced by the morphological features of growth, tumor spread, and development of necrosis in the center. In all the studied histological preparations of LC, tumor growth in the alveoli is noted, which is confirmed by structural and cellular signs and the nature of tumor decay in the alveolus center, which corresponds to the general patterns of development of malignant epithelial tumors.

Systemic Inflammatory Response as a Prognostic Factor in Breast Cancer. Part I. Tumor-Promoting Inflammation. Serum Inflammatory Markers

Chronic inflammation caused by exposure to external or internal factors increases the risk of developing malignancies and promotes tumor progression due to the influence on the key elements of carcinogenic mechanisms. At the system level signs of a chronic inflammation are manifested by an increase of inflammatory mediators and acute phase proteins levels in the blood, a change in the ratio of circulating leukocyte populations, and disturbances in the hemostasis system. This review is devoted to serum and hematological parameters of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in breast cancer (BC). The first part of the review outlines general concept about the role of inflammatory factors in the development of malignant tumors. It provides information on the most well studied serum inflammatory markers in breast cancer: cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), as well as C-reactive protein (CRP). The main properties of these polypeptides, which link them with tumor-promoting inflammation, are considered. An analysis of the data on the clinical significance of the serum level of cytokines and CRP in breast cancer accumulated to date is presented. Correlations of the elevated levels of the serum inflammatory markers with clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease, tumor response to chemotherapy, overall and relapse-free survival of patients indicate the feasibility of in-depth investigation of the issue for the purpose of the practical application of the systemic inflammatory markers as predictive and prognostic indicators in BC.

Overexpression of S100A1 in Osteosarcoma Inhibits Tumor Proliferation and Progression.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Abnormal expression of S100A1 protein is closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. However, S100A1 in osteosarcoma has not been studied. All osteosarcoma tissues were collected from patients who received surgical therapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, China in 2020. QRT-PCR and western blot assays were used to detect the expression of S100A1 in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. The negative effect of S100A1 on osteosarcoma cell growth was confirmed by vitro and vivo experiments. S100A1 inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Overexpression of S100A1 may inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by preventing the activation of AKT signaling pathway by western blot assay. Finally, animal experiments confirmed that overexpression of S100A1 could inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Overexpression of S100A1 obtained better survival benefit in mice. Our findings provided a new insight to the treatment of osteosarcoma. It also raised the possibility that S100A1 could be used in targeted therapies for osteosarcoma.