Development Of Laryngeal Cancer Research Articles

Combined PIK3CA and SOX2 Gene Amplification Predicts Laryngeal Cancer Risk beyond Histopathological Grading.

The PIK3CA and SOX2 genes map at 3q26, a chromosomal region frequently amplified in head and neck cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. This study explores the clinical significance of PIK3CA and SOX2 gene amplification in early tumorigenesis. Gene copy number was analyzed by real-time PCR in 62 laryngeal precancerous lesions and correlated with histopathological grading and laryngeal cancer risk. Amplification of the SOX2 and PIK3CA genes was frequently detected in 19 (31%) and 32 (52%) laryngeal dysplasias, respectively, and co-amplification in 18 (29%) cases. The PIK3CA and SOX2 amplifications were predominant in high-grade dysplasias and significantly associated with laryngeal cancer risk beyond histological criteria. Multivariable Cox analysis further revealed PIK3CA gene amplification as an independent predictor of laryngeal cancer development. Interestingly, combined PIK3CA and SOX2 amplification allowed us to distinguish three cancer risk subgroups, and PIK3CA and SOX2 co-amplification was found the strongest predictor by ROC analysis. Our data demonstrate the clinical relevance of PIK3CA and SOX2 amplification in early laryngeal tumorigenesis. Remarkably, PIK3CA amplification was found to be an independent cancer predictor. Furthermore, combined PIK3CA and SOX2 amplification is emerging as a valuable and easy-to-implement tool for cancer risk assessment in patients with laryngeal precancerous lesions beyond current WHO histological grading.

Prediction of network pharmacology, molecular docking-based strategy, and vitro assays to determine potential pharmacological mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus against laryngocarcinoma.

Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and vitro assays, investigate the probable pharmacological mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma. The active components and targets of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database. Targets linked with laryngocarcinoma were gathered from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, and DrugBank databases. The String database was utilized to build a protein-protein interaction network of common medication and illness targets, after which the core targets were filtered out. The Metascape database served for gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis of common targets. AutoDock then performed molecular docking between the essential component and the vital target. To investigate the biological effects of diosbulbin B, we assessed the viability of laryngocarcinoma cells after diosbulbin B therapy using the Mahalanobis Taguchi system technique. Following that, we looked at how diosbulbin B affected colony formation after 14 days of culture of treated cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect apoptosis in order to examine the influence of diosbulbin B on laryngocarcinoma cell apoptosis. According to a study of the literature, the fundamental components of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma include brusatol and diosbulbin B, which may operate on core targets such as cyclin D1, Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A, and E2F Transcription Factor 1. The significant pathways discovered using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis were the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling route, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and so on. These pathways primarily influence the development and prognosis of laryngeal cancer by controlling cell growth, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The molecular docking studies revealed that the affinity between the heart and crucial targets was robust. The results of vitro assays indicate that diosbulbin B suppressed Hep-2 cell activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, diosbulbin B has powerful antiproliferative properties in Hep-2 cells. Flow cytometry results showed that diosbulbin B promoted laryngocarcinoma cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The article delivered a preliminary discussion of the probable mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma, which can serve as a theoretical basis and evidence for subsequent experimental investigation.

Elevated Tumor Cell-Intrinsic STING Expression in Advanced Laryngeal Cancer

Laryngeal cancer is the second most common malignancy of the head and neck, worldwide. Immunotherapy targeting checkpoint inhibitors has been approved for the treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic laryngeal cancer but has a relatively low response rate and outcomes that leave many patients underserved. Targeting the cGAS–STING signaling pathway can potentially improve the activation of immune effector cells, although its role in the development and progression of laryngeal cancer has not yet been investigated in depth. Fifty-nine tumor samples from patients with pathologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, stage I–IV non-metastatic disease, who were treated at the University Hospital of Split, were immunohistochemically stained for the expression of STING, cGAS, CD8, CD68, and CD163. Elevated tumor cell-intrinsic STING expression was positively associated with stage IV (p = 0.0031), pT3, and pT4 laryngeal cancers (p = 0.0336) as well as with higher histological grades (G2 and G3) (p = 0.0204) and lymph node-positive tumors (p = 0.0371). After adjusting for age, sex, location, and cGAS expression, elevated STING expression was significantly associated with stage IV cancer in a multiple logistic regression model (β = 1.849, SE = ±0.8643, p = 0.0324). Elevated STING expression represents a potentially favorable predictive biomarker for new therapeutic approaches involving STING agonists combined with immunotherapy and DNA-damaging agents (radiotherapy, cisplatin, and PARP inhibitors) in laryngeal cancer.

Chidamide, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, inhibits laryngeal cancer progression in vitro and in vivo

Although surgery is an important treatment for laryngeal cancer, surgery has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients, and many patients have poor tolerance to surgery. Therefore, alternative chemotherapeutic drugs are an important research hotspot. Chidamide is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that selectively inhibits the expression of type I and IIb histone deacetylases (1, 2, 3 and 10). It has a significant anticancer effect on a variety of solid tumours. This study verified the inhibitory effect of chidamide on laryngeal carcinoma. We conducted a variety of cellular and animal experiments to explore how chidamide inhibits the development of laryngeal cancer. The results showed that chidamide had significant antitumour activity against laryngeal carcinoma cells and xenografts and could induce cell apoptosis, ferroptosis and pyroptosis. This study provides a potential option for the treatment of laryngeal cancer.

Analysis of the prognostic significance and potential mechanisms of lncRNAs related to m6A methylation in laryngeal cancer

ABSTRACT Objective to investigate the prognostic significance and potential mechanism analysis of m6A methylation-associated lncRNAs in laryngeal cancer. Methods based on the expression of m6A-associated lncRNAs, the samples were divided into two clusters and least absolute value and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was performed to build and validate prognostic models. In addition, the relationships between risk scores, clusters, arginine synthase (SMS), tumor microenvironment, clinicopathological features, immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and tumor mutation burden were analyzed. Finally, the relationship between SMS and m6A-associated IncRNAs was analyzed and SMS-associated pathways were enriched by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results a total of 95 lncRNAs were associated with the expression of 22 m6A methylation regulators in laryngeal cancer, 14 of which were prognostic lncRNAs. These lncRNAs were divided into two clusters and evaluated. Clinicopathological features did not show significant differences. However, the two clusters differed significantly in terms of naive B cells, memory B cells, naive CD4 T cells, T helper cells and immune score. lASSO regression analysis showed that risk score was a significant predictor of progression-free survival. Conclusion low expression of m6A-related lncRNAs involved in laryngeal cancer development in laryngeal cancer tissues can be used as an indicator to diagnose patients with laryngeal cancer, reduce patient prognosis, be an independent risk factor affecting patient prognosis and be able to assess patient prognosis.

The Genetic and Immunologic Landscape Underlying the Risk of Malignant Progression in Laryngeal Dysplasia

(1) Background: The development of laryngeal cancer is a multistep process involving structural alterations of the epithelial mucosa, from dysplasia (LDy) to invasive carcinoma. In this study, we define new biomarkers, prognostic for malignant transformation, in patients affected by LDy. (2) Methods: We used targeted next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemical analysis to define the mutational and immunological landscape of 15 laryngeal dysplasia progressing to invasive cancer (progressing dysplasia), as well as 31 cases of laryngeal dysplasia that did not progress to carcinoma (non-progressing dysplasia). Two pathologists independently analyzed the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in LDy pre-embedded paraffin-fixed specimens. The RNA-based next-generation sequencing panel OIRRA was used to evaluate the expression of 395 genes related to immune system activation. (3) Results: High TILs are significantly correlated with a higher risk of malignant transformation. The non-brisk pattern was significantly associated with an 86% reduced risk of malignant progression (OR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.03-0.5, p = 0.008). TILs showed a highly positive correlation with CCR6, CD83, HLA-DPB1, MX1 and SNAI1, and they were inversely correlated with CD48, CIITA, CXCR4, FCER1G, IL1B, LST1 and TLR8. (4) Conclusions: TILs have a great potential to identify high-risk progression dysplasia and thus to define surveillance protocols and prevention programs.

Advances in Research Related to the p38 MAPK/PTGS2 Signaling Pathway and Pathogenesis of Laryngeal Cancer: A Review

Laryngeal cancer is a malignant tumor of the head and neck with clinical features of high recurrence and metastasis and a poor prognosis. The pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer is not clearly understood, but it is undoubtedly a complex developmental process involving multiple pathways and genes. Finding new ways to treat laryngeal cancer is particularly important as it is the second most common cancer of the head and neck, with many post-operative complications, poor quality of life and poor outcomes for patients with mid to latestage laryngeal cancer. The pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer is currently a hot topic of research. p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase/prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2-related targets and signalling pathways have repeatedly been shown to play an important role in the development of tumours, including laryngeal cancer. With the continuous development of immunology, biochemistry and experimental techniques, it has become a current research trend to investigate the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer at the molecular level. p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 have repeatedly been shown to play an important role in tumorigenesis and are also closely associated with the development of laryngeal cancer. This paper explores the potential association of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 related targets and pathways with the development of laryngeal cancer in the context of the mechanisms of action of these pathways in a variety of tumors, with the aim of predicting possible targets for drug treatment of laryngeal cancer.

Expression of salivary LINC01206, LINC01209, LINC01994, and ABCC5-AS1 may serve as diagnostic tools in laryngeal cancer

Purpose of the studylncRNAs appear to act as an important epigenetic regulator of the immune response to bacterial infection in mammals. However, a lncRNA that only exhibits pathogenic or beneficial potential during infection has not yet been described. Moreover, it is still not fully known whether there are specific lncRNAs whose expression changes in response to a particular pathogen or whether lncRNAs are mainly involved in basic cellular immune responses to different stress stimuli. This study aims to assess association between salivary lncRNAs and salivary bacterial pathogens in laryngeal cancer patients. MethodsLINC01206, LINC01209, LINC01994, and ABCC5-AS1 were analyzed among 13 candidate lncRNAs in the saliva samples of 35 patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 25 healthy control. Both their expressions and the quantitative amount of oral bacteria members (Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus spp., Prevotella oris, Veillonella dispar, Neisseria subflava, and Peptostreptococcus stomatis) were analyzed using qPCR. To determine whether these lncRNAs and bacterial pathogens are useful as diagnostic biomarkers, their association with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics was analyzed. ResultsWhen the study group compared with the control group, expression of LINC01206, LINC01209, LINC01994, and ABCC5-AS1 were 2.84-fold, 2.33-fold, 4.46-fold, and 2.27-fold lower, respectively (p < 0.05). In terms of the amount of bacteria DNA in saliva, no significant difference was found between the laryngeal cancer and the control groups (p > 0.05). ConclusionThese results may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying laryngeal cancer and lncRNA/microbiome applications may constitute a new and alternative method to prevent development of laryngeal cancer in the future.

THBS1, a fatty acid-related metabolic gene, can promote the development of laryngeal cancer

Laryngeal cancer is the second most prevalent head and neck tumor and it is one of the most common malignancies of the upper respiratory tract. Fatty acid metabolism affects cancer cell biology in several ways, and alterations in fatty acid metabolism are characteristic of both tumorigenesis and metastasis. Despite advances in laryngeal cancer diagnosis and treatment over the years, there has been no significant improvement in survival or mortality. Studying the role of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in laryngeal cancer will facilitate our search for valuable biomarkers to guide prognostic management and treatment selection. We constructed a prognostic risk score model for fatty acid metabolism-related genes by downloading and analyzing laryngeal cancers from the TCGA and GEO databases. We predicted survival outcomes of laryngeal cancer patients using a prognostic risk score model of fatty acid metabolism-related genes and analyzed the resistance of laryngeal cancer in different individuals to multiple drugs. In addition, the relationship between the prognostic risk score model and cellular infiltration characteristics of the tumor microenvironment were investigated. Through the prognostic risk scoring model, the genes with risk-prompting effect and related to prognosis were screened out for further research. Through the study of gene expression levels in the TCGA database, we screened out 120 differentially expressed fatty acid metabolism genes. LASSO-Cox and Cox regression analyses identified nine genes associated with prognosis to construct a prognostic risk score model for genes related to fatty acid metabolism. Both TCGA and GEO confirmed that samples in the high-risk score group had a worse prognosis than those in the low-risk score group. We found significant differences between the high-risk and low-risk groups for 22 drugs (P < 0.05). In addition, we found differences in immune cell infiltration between the different risk score groups. Finally, through the risk assessment model, combined with multiple databases, THBS1, a high-risk and prognosis-related gene, was screened. We also found that THBS1 could promote the migration, invasion and proliferation of laryngeal cancer cells by constructing THBS1 knockout cell lines. In our study, we identified key fatty acid-related genes differentially expressed in laryngeal carcinoma that can be used to adequately predict prognosis using a comprehensive bioinformatic experimental approach. It was also found that THBS1, a high-risk and prognosis-related gene, may regulate the occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer through fatty acid metabolism, which has further helped us to explore the role of fatty acid metabolism genes in laryngeal cancer.

Do Polymorphisms of the TERT, GSTM1, and GSTT1 Genes Increase Laryngeal Cancer Susceptibility in Smokers of Romanian Descent?

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between smoking status and single-nucleotide polymorphism in candidate genes that had a known association with smoking-related tumors in previous studies and to explore their link to laryngeal cancer risk in a population of northern Romanian descent. The genes selected have key functions in xenobiotic metabolism (GSTs: the glutathione S-transferases family: GSTM1 and GSTT1) and chromosomal management (TERT). Materials and Methods: The genotype frequencies of TERTRs2736100 and the GST subfamilies (GSTM1 and GSTT1) were determined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The relationship between the polymorphisms and the risk of laryngeal cancer was analyzed in a retrospective case–control study of 92 laryngeal cancer cases and 101 controls, all of whom were smokers. Results: Subjects presenting the GSTT1-null variant had a two-fold increase in risk (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.07–3.95, p = 0.02). While no individual risk was observed for the TERTRs2736100 polymorphism, stratification based on gender revealed a nine-fold increase in risk for carriers of the “C” allele in the heterozygote variant who were male (OR = 9, 65% CI = 3.51–26.51, p = 0.0000). Conclusions: The results showed that the GSTT1-null genotype and the mutant heterozygote variant of TERTRs2736100 genes may play a significant role in laryngeal cancer susceptibility in subjects of northern Romanian descent. There may be no association between the susceptibility to laryngeal carcinoma and the GSTM1 polymorphism. The results could not confirm the carcinogenic influence smoking has on laryngeal cancer development for the studied polymorphisms.

MiRNA-21-5p Accelerates EMT and Inhibits Apoptosis of Laryngeal Carcinoma via Inhibiting KLF6 Expression.

The incidence of laryngeal carcinoma accounts for 1 to 5% of systemic malignancies and ranks second among head and neck malignancies. Screening more effective targets are meaningful for the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. The purpose was to research the action of miR-21-5p in the occurrence of laryngeal carcinoma. Genecards combined with g:profiler was used for cluster analysis to predict gene-related miRNAs. Q-PCR assay was performed for measuring the level of miR-21-5p and Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6). miR-21-5p-mimic, miR-21-5p-inhibitor and sh-KLF6 were transfected using LipofectamineTM 2000. Both CCK-8 and EdU experiments were undertaken to detect cell proliferation ability. Western blot was used to detect apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were undertaken for migration and invasion, respectively. Three online software (ENCORI, miRWalk, and miRDB) were applied to screen the downstream of miR-21-5p. At the same time, a dual-luciferase reporter experiment was processed to verify the binding. Finally, a rescue experiment was applied to reveal the mediating role of miR-21-5p and KLF6. MiR-21-5p expressed highly in laryngeal carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of miR-21-5p reduced the EMT, while enhancing apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. MiR-21-5p targeted KLF6 with negative relationships. The rescue assay results confirmed that sh-KLF6 rescued the action of miR-21-5p knockdown in developing laryngeal carcinoma cells. MiR-21-5p promotes the occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer by targeting KLF6. This finding may provide new insights into miRNA as a biomarker for diagnosing and treating laryngeal carcinoma in the future.

Significance of Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Lys496Glu gene polimorphism on plasma redox status regulation in laryngeal carcinoma.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a surface glycoprotein important for tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The present research is conducted to investigate whether specific gene polymorphism of ICAM-1 K469E (rs5498) and plasma redox status could be associated with laryngeal cancer (LC) development. Since there is no clear evidence which investigates the relationship between ICAM-1 polymorphism and ROS-mediated plasma protein oxidation in LC, our study is the first significant contribution for investigating the relationship. The study covered patients with primary LC and their age-matched healthy control subjects. Evaluation of ICAM-1 K469E (rs5498) gene polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Plasma redox status was assessed with spectrophotometric methods. In the current paper, we found that LC patients with GG genotype had a decreasing trend for the plasma oxidative damage biomarker levels when compared with all allele genotypes (AA and AG). We concluded that G allele of the ICAM-1 K469E gene plays a significant role in the optimal regulation of plasma redox homeostasis in patients with LC.

Synergistic association between underweight and type 2 diabetes on the development of laryngeal cancer: a national population-based retrospective cohort study

BackgroundAlthough cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer, other risk factors might also be associated with the development of laryngeal cancer. We investigated whether underweight and type 2 diabetes are associated with laryngeal cancer in a Korean population.MethodsA total of 9,957,059 participants (≥20 years) without prior history of cancer who underwent a National Health Insurance Service health checkup in 2009 were followed up until December 31, 2018. Newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer was identified using claim data, and underweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2. A Cox proportional-hazards models with multivariable adjustment were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsDuring the median follow-up period of 8.3 years, 3504 cases of laryngeal cancer occurred. Underweight was associated with increased risk of laryngeal cancer after adjusting for potential confounders (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.22–1.69) compared to those who were not underweight. Underweight and type 2 diabetes were synergistically associated with higher risk of laryngeal cancer (HR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.54–3.51), compared to those without either condition. This relationship was stronger in those with an age < 65 years (HR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.88–5.87) and alcohol consumption (HR: 2.72, 95% CI: 1.64–4.53).ConclusionsThese results suggest that underweight may be a significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer and that underweight and type 2 diabetes might synergistically increase the risk of laryngeal cancer.

Is Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Related to Helicobacter pylori?

BackgroundLaryngeal carcinoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from the laryngeal mucosa. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that Helicobacter pylori may play a role in the occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and emphasize the relationship between laryngeal cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection.MethodsWe actively searched for systematic reviews of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane libraries to select studies that met the recommended guidelines. A total of 1756 patients with laryngeal cancer were included in this study to assess the association of Helicobacter pylori in the larynx with laryngeal cancer. A subassessment of the risk of bias for each study that met the inclusion criteria was carried out. To illustrate the reasons for heterogeneity, we performed a subgroup analysis to determine the type of study, the quality of the article, the diagnostic method, and the impact of exposure factors.ResultsThe meta-analysis included a total of 17 case-control studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori in the larynx and laryngeal cancer. Our meta-analysis showed that Helicobacter pylori infection in the larynx significantly increased the risk of malignant tumors in the larynx (odds ratio, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.83-4.78; P<0.00001; I2 = 86%). They still existed when we controlled for patients’ exposure to smoking factors (odds ratio, 3.86; 95% CI, 1.89–7.88).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis showed an association between Helicobacter pylori and laryngeal cancer. These findings are consistent with the understanding that chronic inflammatory tissue insult may lead to the development of malignancy. Controlling risk factors will help us identify patients with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer.

Laryngeal cancers in paediatric and young adult patients: epidemiology, biology and treatment.

The aim of thi study was to review the recent literature on epidemiology, biology and treatment of laryngeal cancer in paediatric and young adult patients. Epidemiological studies reported that 2-10% of patients with laryngeal cancer are younger than 40-year-old, while the prevalence of laryngeal cancer remains unknown in the paediatric population. The development of laryngeal cancer in young adults is multifactorial and may be linked to common carcinogens (tobacco and alcohol), occupational factors, laryngopharyngeal reflux, immunosuppression, human papillomavirus infection and genetic polymorphism. A substantial number of cohort studies reported a significant lower proportion of drinkers and smokers in young populations with laryngeal cancer, supporting the higher prevalence of chromosomal losses or abnormalities predisposing to cancer in this group. The development of laryngeal cancer in paediatric patients is strongly associated with genetic syndromes with DNA repair abnormalities. The pathological, clinical and survival outcome differences between young and old patient groups vary significantly between studies, depending on epidemiological, genetic features and therapeutic strategies used. Paediatric and adult populations with laryngeal cancer present different clinical, pathological and survival outcomes. In the adult population, the patient age at the time of disease development underlies genetic and etiological differences with different mutation patterns between young and old patients, the latter being more frequently individuals with a history of tobacco and alcohol abuse. The differences between age groups regarding stage of cancer at initial presentation, as well as clinical and survival outcomes, are unclear, which may be due to demographic, ethnicity and population genetic differences.

Laryngeal Helicobacter pylori Infection and Laryngeal Cancer-Case Series and a Systematic Review.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection involves the development of gastric cancer and may be associated with laryngeal cancer. However, laryngeal H. pylori infection in Taiwanese patients with newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer has not been reported. This study was aimed to investigate the possible association between laryngeal H. pylori infection and laryngeal cancer in Taiwan and perform a systematic review of previous reports in other countries. An analysis of 105 patients with laryngeal lesions found the positive rates of H. pylori DNA (determined by polymerase chain reaction) and antigen (determined by immunohistochemistry) of the laryngeal lesions were relatively low (vocal polyps: 3% and 3%; vocal fold leukoplakia: 0% and 0%; laryngeal cancers: 0% and 2%). Furthermore, H. pylori-associated laryngopharyngeal reflux and the expression of E-cadherin and CD1d (determined by immunohistochemistry) were comparable among the three subgroups. Fifteen studies were involved in the systematic review of the digital literature database, distributed to February 2021. The data of patients with laryngeal cancer and controls showed that the laryngeal H. pylori infection rates were 29.4% and 16.7%, respectively. Although current evidence supported that laryngeal H. pylori infection was associated with laryngeal cancer globally, it might not play a role in the development of laryngeal cancer in Taiwan.

Clinical and morphological aspects of the LPR-associated cancer of the larynx

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, including laryngeal cancer, rank sixth in prevalence according to world statistics from developed countries. The role of laryngopharyngeal reflux as one of the risk factors for the development of laryngeal cancer remains controversial and needs further study. Objective: To analyze and compare clinical manifestations and morphological data in patients with laryngeal cancer T1-2N0M0 with LPR. Materials and methods: 87 patients with laryngeal cancer of the I-II stage T1-2N0M0. For the purpose of screening diagnostics of LPR, modified visualanalogue scales RSI and RFS were used,24-hour pH-monitoring was performed. To conduct a histopathological study, samples of surgical material were selected from 8 patients with laryngeal cancer of the I-II stage T1-2N0M0 with LPR; 8 patients with laryngeal cancer – without LPR and 8 patients with benign neoplasms of the larynx with LPR. Results: When analyzing the results of the examination, the RSI index exceeded “9” in 39 (44.8%) patients. According to 24-hour pH monitoring, the presence of LPR was diagnosed in 32 (36.8%) examined patients with morphologically verified squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, which made up the study group. In 6 (75.0%) patients from the comparison group, areas covered by stratified squamous epithelium were determined within the mucous membrane, in 5 (62.5%) patients, transition zones containing both stratified squamous and single-layered multilayer ciliated were determined epithelium. The nature and intensity of lymphohistiocytic infiltration was more expressed in patients with associated LPR.

MiR-34a Suppresses Cell Proliferation in Laryngeal Cancer by Targeting Prominin 1.

The study explored the cross-talk between the microRNA miR-34a and prominin 1 in the development of laryngeal cancer (LC), which has an unacceptable high mortality rate. We predicted that miR-34a might target prominin 1. miR-34a and prominin 1 expression was analyzed with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between miR-34a and prominin 1 was determined by linear regression analysis. miR-34a and prominin 1 overexpression and miR-34a inhibition were achieved in LC cells to analyze their relationship. The roles of miR-34a and prominin 1 in LC cell proliferation were studied with CCK-8 assay. The results showed miR-34a was downregulated, and prominin 1 was upregulated in LC. In addition, prominin 1 and miR-34a were inversely correlated across cancer tissue samples. In cancer cells, miR-34a overexpression downregulated prominin 1, while miR-34a knockdown upregulated prominin 1. Moreover, miR-34a overexpression reduced the enchaining effects of prominin 1 on LC cell proliferation. Therefore, miR-34a might suppress LC cell proliferation by targeting prominin 1.

Assessment on the influence of TLR4 and DNA repair genes in laryngeal cancer susceptibility: a selective examination in a Romanian case control study

Abstract Background: Tumor characterization through the study of molecular biology has become an invaluable tool in understanding cancer development and evolution due to its relationship with chromosomal mutations, alterations or aberrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of genes such as TLR-4 and DNA repair pathways (XRCC1 and XPD) in laryngeal cancer susceptibility in a Romanian population. Method: We performed a case-control study on 157 laryngeal cancer patients and 101 healthy controls. Genetic testing was carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Results: We identified the Gln allele of the XPDLys751Gln polymorphism as an individual risk factor in laryngeal cancer development (Gln vs Lys, adjusted OR=1.65, 95%CI=1.13–2.40, P=0.008). Subjects with the mutant homozygote variant (Gln/Gln) had a two fold increase in cancer risk (adjusted OR=2.18, 95%CI=1.06–4.47, p=0.028) when compared to the reference wild type genotype (Lys/Lys). Stratification by sex and age, identified males under 62 years as the most susceptible group with an almost three fold risk (adjusted OR=2.94, 95%CI=1.31–6.59, p=0.007) for the dominant model (Lys/Gln+Gln/Gln). No associations were found for TLR-4Thr399Ile, XRCC1Arg194Trp and XRCC1Arg399Gln. Conclusion: The results of the study show that the XPDLys751Gln polymorphism may be among other independent risk factors for developing laryngeal cancer where as TLR-4Thr399Ile, XRCC1Arg194Trp and XRCC1 Arg399Gln show no such association. However, we consider the relative small number of the subjects selected for this analyses a possible limitation towards the real influence the obtain results may pertain in laryngeal cancer evolution.

Upregulation of Long Noncoding RNA_GAS5 Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Laryngeal Cancer via Regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Background:Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among head and neck cancers. Accumulating studies have indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in laryngeal cancer occurrence and progression, however, the functional roles and relative regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in laryngeal cancer progression remain unclear.Methods:The expression of lncRNA GAS5 in both laryngeal cancer tissues and cell lines was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. The relationships between lncRNA GAS5 expression and clinical parameters were also analyzed. To determine the biological function of lncRNA GAS5, a lncRNA GAS5-specific plasmid was first transfected into laryngeal cancer cells using lentiviral technology. Cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were used to detect in vitro cell proliferation, apoptosis, cycle distribution, and metastasis abilities, respectively. Furthermore, in vivo cell growth experiments were also performed using nude mice. Additionally, western blotting was performed to identify the underlying regulatory mechanism.Results:In the current study, lncRNA GAS5 was downregulated in laryngeal cancer tissues and its low expression was closely associated with poor tumor differentiation, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall survival time. In addition, lncRNA GAS5 upregulation significantly inhibited laryngeal cancer cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, in response to lncRNA GAS5 overexpression, more laryngeal cancer cells were arrested at the G2/M stage, accompanied by increased cell apoptosis rates and suppressed migration and invasion capacities. Mechanistically, our data showed that the overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 significantly regulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Conclusion:LncRNA GAS5 might act as a suppressor gene during laryngeal cancer development, as it suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway; thus, lncRNA GAS5 is a promising therapeutic biomarker for the treatment of laryngeal cancer.