Development Of Japanese Industry Research Articles

The changes of the structure and trends of the development of Japanese industry

The author undertook two journeys to Japan (in 1979 and 1980) and he took part also the 24th International Geographical Congress held in Tokyo 1980. He got acquainted with working process of many industrial establishments, with large-scale production and manufacture. On the basis of his own observations and studying of most modern publications and reports he informs on the main historical changes in the development of Japanese industry. There are 3 main periods characteristic for this development: I (1886-1945): Transition from traditional Japanese economy to the European type of economy. II (1945-1980): Transition to the electronic and petrochemistry, modernization according to the American and best-developed European technologies and the creation of the own Japanes technologies; the expansion to the world business market. III (since 1981): The development of scientific-authority branches of industry which are very pretentious to science, research and investments; automatization and robotization have to facilitate a progress, a transition to the so-called postindustrial period. This period will signify an increase of outworking time and a change of style of human life.

Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development.

Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development.

Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development

Human Resources in Japanese Industrial Development

A Study on the Industrial Development in Hokkaido

In general, Japan Standard Industrial Classification is used to discuss business sorts structure of the industries. The writer has made out the classification in the industries in relation to the industrial location factor which is based on the function of the cities, particularly the economic and social integration, and analized regional structure of Japanese industries with the classification. The structure of the classification is as follows:-The industries relate to city integration-1. Industries in metropolitan area.2. Industries in expanding area of metropolis3. Industries in local center cities.4. Local industries.-The industries which are related by other factors-5. Local speciality industries.6. Local material dependent type industries.7. Relative equipment industires.8. Basic equipment industries.9. Specified location type industries.This report is to analzye the characteristics of Hokkaido's industries by means of the classification and to study the direction of their expansion.The main part of Hokkaido's industries is occupied by local type industries, particularly the local material dependent type industries are showing large scale operation, high labour productivity and high capital reservation rate. On the other hand, urban type industries are showing new development in Sapporo and its expanding area though their scale of operation is not yet large. The direction of expansion of Hokkaido's industries is specified as follows depending on the said characteristics:(1) To grow and introduce urban type industries which will be the main part of Japanese industrial development acting as vanguard. And to grow technical integration and integration of education and culture that are necessary for the industries in the center belt area surrounding Sapporo.(2) The local type industries which occupy the main part of Hokkaido's industries should be actively grown as leading business line. Although these industries are tend to be limited by local materials and local demand, these should be developed in entire area of Hokkaido taking the said matter into consideration.(3) Line of equipment industries are expected to expand in the area to be projected in eastern part of Tomakomai. The space left in Hokkaido shall be valuable resource in future in view of entire Japan.

戦後の日本工業の歩みとこれからの学会の役割

戦後の日本工業の歩みとこれからの学会の役割

DEVELOPMENT AND ACCUMULATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL REGIONS IN KYUSHU

Now Japanese industrial development is very striking accompanied by the plant modernization, and the technical revolution; the industrial regions are greatly changing. The writer tried to investigate the industrial regions in Kyushu and their development as a problem of balancing regional variations from the standpoint of economic geography. Kyushu, the survey area, has a Japan's principal coal mining region in the north, and wide underde veloped regions in the south. Most of the industrial regions in Kyushu have been developed on the combination of the domestic coall and the foreign raw materials from Chinese Continent, or Southeast Asia, in the aid of government supra porting colonial policy, which has little relation to national market. After the Second World War, therefore, they have rather a disadvantage of “mallocalization to west.” This is the reason why the main industries in Kyushu were limitted to iron industry, chemical industry and cement industry, etc. As for the distribution of industrial regions, they expand from Kitakyushu to Nakatsu, Oita and Saeki in the east, and to Fukuoka, Yatsushiro and Minamata in the west. Kitakyushu in which the Yahata Steel CO. LTD. is the biggest work is the center of Kyushu industrial regions. Nagasaki and Nobeoka industrial districts are isolated. Recently some industries such as “Pulp” and “Food” processing have been newly established, but as yet there is a tendency also in such new industries for which the combination with “coal” is fundamental, which results in the greater regional variation of economic development. Put it is noticeable that a new industrial combination appeared in Oita district, which has the best conditions of industrial localization, which in any other areas are so unfavorable that they limit the localization of the basic materials industries, to iron-steel industry, oil refinery, etc. It seems to be unprofitable to establish the basic materials industries any where in Kyushu, and the industry of various types must be selected according to the regional conditions and this is the only practical way to aim at balanceing regional variations of the economic standard.

Obituary notices of fellows deceased

John Perry was born in Ulster on February 14, 1850, the second son of Samuel Perry, of Garvagh. He attended classes at the Model School, Belfast; and from 1864 to 1868 served his apprenticeship to the firm of Victor and David Coates, of the Lagan Foundry, Belfast, going through the drawing office and pattern shops. In 1868-70 he attended the engineering classes of Prof. James Thomson at the Queen’s College, Belfast, being allowed as a special privilege to go through the blacksmith’s, fitting, and erecting shops at the Lagan Foundry during the summer months. He attached great importance in later life to the fact that his theoretical and practical instruction thus went on hand in hand. He was allowed to graduate early as Bachelor of Engineering in 1870, obtaining first honours and the Gold Medal; and in the same year obtained a Whitworth Scholarship and accepted a post as second mathematical master and lecturer in physics at Clifton College, where he established a physical laboratory and a workshop in 1871. It has often been stated that these were the first established at any school : but Perry found later that there had been a workshop previously at Rossall, and in making the acknowledgment he added : “ These ideas were not mine ; they were those of the headmaster ” [Dr. Percival]. He left Clifton in 1874 to become the Honorary Assistant of Prof. Sir William Thomson at Glasgow; and in 1875 accepted a Joint Professorship of Engineering at the Imperial College of Engineering in Tokio, Japan. “ He was on duty from September 9, 1875, to Septembers 8, 1878, and gave lectures on steam, structure, and hydrodynamics. In all some 200 students attended his lectures, some of whom became professors in the Engineering College in succession to him, some again his pupils in London, and some important personages in industrial circles. Prof. Perry and his contemporaries may be said to have founded the development of Japanese industry. Special mention should be made of the fact that the professors occupied themselves ardently in researches beside their teaching duties.” (Letter from Prof. Shin Hirayama, March 26, 1926.)