Development Of Indigenous Peoples Research Articles

“Here” Collaborative Governance: Tourism Development Model of the Baduy Indigenous People in Indonesia

Background: Several studies examine the development of indigenous cultural tourism. The number of tourists who visit every year makes the Baduy indigenous people experience cultural degradation. This research topic is important for the sustainability of the culture of indigenous peoples. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the orientation of the cultural values of the Baduy people and reconstruct the collaborative governance model based on the cultural values of the indigenous peoples. Collaborative governance in the development of indigenous peoples' tourism cannot be separated from the dimensions of cultural values. Method: Research informants consist of village heads (Jaro pamarentah), traditional leaders (Jaro tangtu), Baduy indigenous people, and all stakeholders involved including government, private sector, academics, community organizations, and mass media. The research uses a qualitative approach whose data is processed using Atlas.ti software version 9. Results: The cultural value orientation of the Baduy indigenous people is oriented towards nature conservation, preparing for future life, not discriminating against social class, and living together. All results of the orientation of cultural values are identified into several dimensions of cultural values, namely, Harmony (H), Egalitarianism (E), Readiness (R), and Embeddedness (E) or researchers call it cultural values "HERE" which is then used to reconstruct the collaborative governance model. Conclusion: This study contributes to the development of indigenous peoples' tourism through collaborative governance efforts based on HERE cultural values.

Development of Tourism Area Based on Local Wisdom Based on Evaluation of Regional Development in Karo Regency by Using Quantitative Strategic Planning matrix (QSPM) method

The purpose of this article is to describe the Karo Regency tourism development plan based on the results of an evaluation of local wisdom-based regional development. For this reason, it is necessary to propose the development of natural tourism areas which of course reduce air pollution and increase natural sustainability, such as large forest parks planted with trees and plants. Quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) with fuzzy numbers is used to determine tourism development priorities. Community based ecotourism (CBET) based on sustainable tourism indicators (IMS). Based on the processing of tourism development priority data where the development of natural tourism potential with a priority value of 0.386. This is in accordance with the topological conditions of the biggest tourism is natural tourism. The next priority is the development of traditional Karo music with a score of 0.375, followed by the development of traditional food with a priority value of 0.371 and finally the development of indigenous peoples’ activities with a priority value of 0.369. Based on the FQSPM analysis, the priorities for developing tourism potential are: 1) Development of tourism potential; 2) The development of traditional music; 3) Development of traditional food; 4) Development of indigenous peoples’ activities.

The Role of Environmental Adult Education in Community Development

This paper examined the role of environmental adult education in community development. In this study, the concept of adult education, its objectives and its relevant was properly stated, it also investigates the concept of environmental adult education, its objectives and principles, the concept of community development and its objectives, and lastly the role adult education in community developmental drive. In conclusion, this study discovered that, our environment is full of activities daily by man, industries and other natural occurrences which needed to be properly managed and controlled. In view of the above the following recommendation where made: that Government at every level should ensure that environmental laws are enforced to cut down some of this environmental hazardous activities, the policies of adult education should be pursuit squarely, measures should be put in place for checks and monitoring, the role of every adult in the society should not be under-mind, which calls for mass campaign or sensitization of the need for human capacity development, development of indigenous people in our communities should be paramount in the pursuit of this environmental issues as the only solution or a way out the problems we are facing these days especially in Rivers State and other part of the country.

The Role of Environmental Adult Education in Community Development

This paper examined the role of environmental adult education in community development. In this study, the concept of adult education, its objectives and its relevant was properly stated, it also investigates the concept of environmental adult education, its objectives and principles, the concept of community development and its objectives, and lastly the role adult education in community developmental drive. In conclusion, this study discovered that, our environment is full of activities daily by man, industries and other natural occurrences which needed to be properly managed and controlled. In view of the above the following recommendation where made: that Government at every level should ensure that environmental laws are enforced to cut down some of this environmental hazardous activities, the policies of adult education should be pursuit squarely, measures should be put in place for checks and monitoring, the role of every adult in the society should not be under-mind, which calls for mass campaign or sensitization of the need for human capacity development, development of indigenous people in our communities should be paramount in the pursuit of this environmental issues as the only solution or a way out the problems we are facing these days especially in Rivers State and other part of the country

The Role of Environmental Adult Education in Community Development

This paper examined the role of environmental adult education in community development. In this study, the concept of adult education, its objectives and its relevant was properly stated, it also investigates the concept of environmental adult education, its objectives and principles, the concept of community development and its objectives, and lastly the role adult education in community developmental drive. In conclusion, this study discovered that, our environment is full of activities daily by man, industries and other natural occurrences which needed to be properly managed and controlled. The role of every adult in the society should not be under-mind, which calls for mass campaign or sensitization of the need for human capacity development, development of indigenous people in our communities should be paramount in the pursuit of this environmental issues as the only solution or a way out the problems we are facing these days especially in Rivers State and other part of the country.

Implementation of the Utilization of West Lampung Traditional Cultural Expression in the Legal System Perspective of Intellectual Property

The embodiment of West Lampung Traditional Cultural Expressions has not been optimal both in terms of intellectual property protection and in terms of its usefulness for the local community of West Lampung. In this article, we will discuss how intellectual property legal protection is implemented if it is implemented in the protection of traditional cultural expressions and how far has the West Lampung Regency Government tried to protect and utilize the potential of traditional cultural expressions. This article aims to identify a model of protection against traditional cultural expressions in West Lampung by using normative and empirical legal research methodologies. The results of the discussion show that the Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions is carried out based on Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, Law Number 5 of 2017 concerning the Advancement of Culture, Law Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Conservation and Government Regulation Number 6 of 2017. 2015 concerning Museums, and Regulation of the Minister of Culture Number 106 concerning Indonesian Intangible Cultural Heritage in addition to the autonomy of the Regional Government of West Lampung Regency has also made efforts to preserve istiadar custom through the Regional Regulation of West Lampung Regency Number 14 of 2000 concerning the Guidance, Preservation, and Development of Indigenous Peoples. and Customary Institutions. The West Lampung Regency Government also seeks to protect and preserve traditional cultural expressions by participating in activities such as traditional festivals organized by the Lampung Provincial Government so that the existence of traditional cultural expressions in West Lampung Regency is known to the public. However, overall the protection of the majority of traditional cultural expressions has not been inventoried and utilized optimally, including the traditional cultural expressions of West Lampung. There should be immediate efforts to regulate the protection of traditional cultural expressions in a sui generis manner apart from the Copyright Law.

System of Interrelated Indicators of Sustainable Development for Indigenous Peoples of Khmao-Yugra

System of Interrelated Indicators of Sustainable Development for Indigenous Peoples of Khmao-Yugra

Sustainable Development Goals in International Law and Protection of Rights of Indigenous Peoples

Introduction. International acts on sustainable development and human rights protection and promotion reveal interconnection between sustainability of development and protection of indigenous peoples’ rights. As the two concepts, that of sustainable development and that of indigenous peoples’ rights, are reflected in international law acts, their study in terms of international law science is necessary. The study is aimed to define theoretical bases and timely issues of international law coverage of sustainable development of indigenous peoples..Materials and Methods. The study covers universal and regional (these of Arctic and America) international acts concerning sustainable development and protection of human rights. Works of specialists in international law and other humanitarian sciences dedicated to protection of indigenous peoples’ rights and sustainable development serve as its theoretical basis. The authors stick to system approach in their analysis of the concepts studied in terms of international legal science. Alongside with common scientific methods, they apply special methodology of legal science.Results. Application of historical and comparative legal methods to the international acts on sustainable development and protection of human rights allowed the authors to reveal three major trends. The fi is recognition of indigenous peoples’ right to development and enjoyment of the virtues of sustainable development by the international community. The second one is the direct connection between protection of indigenous peoples’ rights and sustainable development. The third trend consists in recognition of the contribution of indigenous peoples to sustainable development by the international community. Using complex and system methods in studying those tendencies revealed the timely theoretical issues of maintaining sustainable development of indigenous peoples.Discussion and Conclusions. Ensuring sustainable development of indigenous peoples is impossible without a review of the philosophical framework of the concept of sustainable development taking into account visions of those peoples. Protection of indigenous peoples’ rights directly influences their ability to enjoy virtues and contribute to sustainable development. Ignorance towards indigenous peoples’ rights and legal interests results in prejudice to those peoples caused by activities aimed to achieve the sustainable development goals. Modern sustainable development agenda doesn’t take into account a number of possible spheres of cooperation between indigenous peoples, civil community and state in the field of sustainable development.

Особенности арктической политики США и Канады и вклад их северных университетов в её реализацию

The United States and Canada, along with Russia, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Finland and Sweden, are the so-called "official" Arctic countries. In the 21st century, The United States and Canada have begun to implement national Arctic strategies and updated them. The accepted documents have both similarities and differences. The United States and Canada are active members of the Arctic Council and view it as a platform for negotiations on a wide range of issues related to the development of the Arctic. The United States has come a long way in the Arctic, including in terms of regulation. Unlike other Arctic countries, the United States has a minimal area of access to the Arctic Ocean, their strategy as a whole is turned “outward”. The first Canadian strategy for the development of the Northern Territories (2013) is addressed directly to the development of the northern periphery of the country, formulates tasks for its sustainable socio-economic development, the development of indigenous peoples, and the support of sovereignty. In 2019, the updated strategy presented already combined national and international goals for the development of the Arctic and the North. To advance national interests in the Arctic, the US and Canada have developed and funded a geographically, infrastructure, stakeholder, and thematically differentiated Arctic research policy in which higher education institutions play an important role and are used to reinforce their geopolitical aspirations. The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the Arctic strategies of the USA and Canada, as well as to analyze the contribution of universities and colleges in Alaska (USA) and the northern territories and provinces of Canada to the implementation of research policy in the Far North and the Arctic. The practical significance of the paper is in the possibility of its use in the educational process, as well as for the analysis and updating of international aspects of research activities by universities in the Arctic zone of Russia.

Poverty Profile and Health Dynamics of Indigenous People

This paper examines the critical aspect of health dynamics in the context of poverty and development of Indigenous people (Agta Isarog & Agta Tabangnon) in Mt. Isarog, Southern Luzon, the Philippines. The datasets were gathered from the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) of Goa Municipality, complemented by IP Censuses of 2018-2019. The core poverty indicators were analyzed in aggregated and disaggregated approaches. The poverty of each locality differs yet a large portion of the entire households and population of indigenous people are living below the poverty and food thresholds. In addition, the poverty incidence, gap, and severity using headcount ratios, gap metrics, squared gap statistics, and Watts indices were evaluated. It has been revealed that the poverty of Indigenous people is moderate to intense and manageable through intervention programs and policy initiatives. It then subsequently characterized the variables of health dynamics which vary per locality, and have been impacting poverty across all barangays. To confirm whether health dynamics predict poverty occurrences, Logistic regression models were estimated in an individual and consolidated manner. Results confirm that health dynamics significantly predict poverty outcomes.

Тhe Russian Federation's Chairmanship at the Arctic Council

The article focuses on status, structure and organization of the Arctic Council (AC, Council). It is noted that the AC is an international, regional structure, which is designed to promote cooperation in the Arctic in the field of environmental protection and sustainable development of the circumpolar regions. In the activities of the countries chaired by the Arctic Council, special attention is paid to the continuity of the Arctic agenda. The importance of the Strategic Plan of the Arctic Council for 2021‒2030 adopted in 2021 for the further improvement of AC activities is highlighted. The central part of the study is devoted to Russia's approaches to international cooperation in the AC and an analysis of the content of the Programme of the Russian Federation's 2021 to 2023 Chairmanship of the Arctic Council. The aforementioned includes such priorities as the population of the Arctic and the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North; environmental protection and climate change; social and economic development in the region; strengthening the Arctic Council. The study also deals with the Main Action Plan, which covers all the countries of the AC and areas of its activities. The article draws attention to the risks and threats that may arise during the period of the Russian Chairmanship. It is concluded that the urgent problems of this region can be solved only through balanced and mutually beneficial international cooperation in the economic and social fields, in the field of ecology, development of indigenous peoples, cooperation in scientific research, Arctic tourism, emergencies in the region.

Exploring the impact of ICT usage among indigenous people and their quality of life: operationalizing Sen’s capability approach

ABSTRACT Numerous indigenous communities suffer from digital divide issues affecting their social, cultural, and economic well-being. As various technologies contribute both to creating opportunities and responding to social and cultural changes, it is imperative to explore the wider impacts of information and communication technologies (ICT) on improving living standards, individual knowledge, and awareness development in these groups of people. We conducted this study in Bangladesh and investigated the connection between ICT usage and Sen’s (1999) freedom factors with the objective of measuring quality of life. After an initial qualitative pilot study, a structured questionnaire was administered (n = 250). Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. Results suggest that a strong relationship between ICT usage and Sen’s freedom factors exists in the development of indigenous people’s quality of life. Political freedom has a substantial effect on economic freedom for development. Moreover, economic freedom creates social opportunities as well as transparency.

Revisiting Russian Presidency in the Arctic Council

The article notes that in the period of preparation for the chairmanship of the Arctic Council (2021–2023), in order to further develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, new strategic documents, a package of benefits and preferences for business development were prepared and approved, measures were taken for the sustainable development of indigenous peoples, and to increase the role of science in Arctic research. The author draws attention to some unsolved problems of socio-economic development of the Arctic region (outflow of the population, especially young people; shortcomings of the organization of the shift method of work and centralized coordination and control of state orders and supplies to the population of hard-to-reach Arctic regions; violation of environmental requirements). It is emphasized that Russia assumes the post of chairman of the Arctic Council at a difficult time: the coronavirus pandemic, political tensions in relations with the West, including on issues of management and security of the Arctic, economic sanctions from the Arctic states, which creates certain difficulties in the activities in the Arctic direction. The author concludes that the developed program, the plan of main events, the activity of ministries and departments in the next 2 years will allow us to successfully cope with the chairmanship, show our foreign colleagues all the best that is available in the Russian Far North, and contribute to the strengthening of the Arctic Council.

Resetting tourism post-COVID-19: why Indigenous Peoples must be central to the conversation

ABSTRACT There has been a proliferation of academic articles asserting that COVID-19 presents an opportunity to transform tourism. However, the impact on Indigenous Peoples and their involvement in a tourism reset has not received in-depth consideration. In this paper, we analyse the vulnerability and responses of Indigenous Peoples to the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the merits of an Indigenous rights-based approach to the reimagining of post-COVID-19 tourism. Indigenous Peoples are in a position of vulnerability in respect of COVID-19 due to several factors, not least because they are often in a socio-economically disadvantaged position as a result of colonialism and neoliberal policies. Meanwhile, they have been the subject of tourism interest, with versions of their culture offered up as part of tourism products, for many decades. In many contexts, Indigenous people have moved away from traditional livelihoods to dependence on the tourism sector, deepening the impacts of the loss of tourism on Indigenous communities. Our analysis confirms the need for Indigenous People’s wellbeing to be explicitly considered when reconstructing tourism post-COVID-19. This paper asserts that Indigenous voices are critical so that Indigenous aspirations are realised and can inform more resilient development for Indigenous Peoples in the future.

The Role of The Government in The Recognition of Customary Rights to Achieve Economic Development of Customary Law Communities

Every State wants a condition in which the people have a prominent level of welfare and prosperity, because that condition can reflect how a state has been successful in carrying out its development. The existence of development that can lead to prominent level of welfare and prosperity, certainly, shows the success of a state in achieving the state's goals. But in practice it is often found that the people of a state do not have a prominent level of welfare and prosperity due to the unprotected rights of the people. The lack protection rights of the people are one form of social problems; which of course requires a very fast handling. Therefore, in general, every state tries, so that the protection rights of the people can be fulfilled. Similarly, for the state of Indonesia, the protection of communal customderived land rights (ulayat rights) of indigenous peoples is one of the tasks that must be fulfilled by the government. The effort is not easy; therefore, needs a thorough study to overcome the problem. The method used in this research is a normative juridical method. The results of the study, indicate the role of government in regulating the recognition forms of the rights of indigenous peoples, especially, communal custom-derived land rights of indigenous people. In addition, there are various substances of legislation that must be regulated in order to recognize communal custom-derived land rights of indigenous people such as how to recognize indigenous peoples, their recognition procedures, indigenous peoples' obligations, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Finally, regulation about recognition of indigenous peoples is expected to have an impact on the economic development of indigenous peoples itself.

La información y la autonomía como ejes rectores del desarrollo comunal indígena

En el presente artículo se utiliza el método exploratorio mediante el cual se analiza el papel de la información a través de los recursos y fuentes que la contienen, y el proceso de autonomía tanto legal como por reconocimiento generado por diversas comunidades indígenas; se hace un primer acercamiento a la vinculación entre ambos aspectos con el fin de constatar si dicha integración repercute en el desarrollo de los pueblos originarios. La conclusión es que, de acuerdo con la información recabada, prefieren la autonomía por respeto y reconocimiento social frente a la obtenida por la vía legal, además, existe una falta de correspondencia del Estado hacia las autoridades indígenas, lo que refleja un distanciamiento diplomático y cordial al tratar asuntos concernientes a la comunidad; por último, es imprescindible que intercambien información de toda índole con el fin de lograr una convivencia más fructífera y provechosa para ambas partes y principalmente para las comunidades originarias.

Obligaciones de los Estados en materia de derechos territoriales indígenas

<p>This article examines state obligations under indigenous territorial rights. The cultural survival and development of indigenous peoples depends on their spiritual and factual connection with their lands. It argues that indigenous ancestral land rights derive from international and national law. Indigenous customs prefer a collective land tenure system to individual property rights. State obligations regarding indigenous ancestral land rights are based on international human rights treaties and national systems. In short, the paper argues that states have an obligation to respect, protect, and fulfil indigenous land rights. This article also examines their enforcement in the international and domestic arenas.</p><p><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2017</p>

NORTHERN (ARCTIC) TERRITORIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: IMPLEMENTATION OF ECONOMIC RIGHTS BY INDIGENOUS SMALLER PEOPLES

By the means of historical method, three stages of indigenous peoples legal status are analyzed: imperial (csar’), Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In each period, the analysis of legal regulation’s mechanism is provided. Economic factors relating to both progress and regress of conventional householding of indigenous peoples are studied. Conceptions of Russian Northern territories’ and indigenous people’s development are scrutinized. The authors underline the need of the state’s participation in development of conventional sources of indigenous people’s economy, regarding them as northern branches of Russian economics. The issue of industrial development of indigenous people’s lands is particularly considered. The lack of relevant mechanism of legal regulation in this sphere on a federal level is outlined, including methodologies of estimating losses for withdrawing lands from indigenous peoples to subsoil users’ interests. The problems of indigenous peoples’ conventional economic branches development (fishing, hunting, reindeer herding) are analyzed. They are caused by the lack of its’ planned evolution and unsettledness of a variety of issues on legislative level. Options for legislative modernization are proposed by outlining special circle of «priority» rights of indigenous peoples such as rights to fishing and hunting, rights to land.

Влияние миграции на этносоциальные процессы (на примере Сибири)

<p>В статье миграция и связанное с ней взаимодействие народов рассматриваются как существенно значимый и постоянно действующий фактор всемирной истории. В фокусе внимания авторов — влияние миграции на этносоциальные процессы. На примере Сибирского региона демонстрируется позитивный опыт такого влияния, о чем свидетельствует ретроспективный анализ конкретных фактов, характеризующих воздействие миграции, связанной главным образом с большими потоками переселения в Сибирь русского населения, на этносоциальное развитие коренных народов.</p><p>Современный социально-экономический и этнокультурный облик Сибири — во многом продукт миграционных процессов. В целом этносоциальная ситуация здесь как в прошлом, так и сегодня отличается относительной стабильностью. В постсоветский период под влиянием миграционных процессов наблюдаются новые тенденции в этнической структуре населения Сибири: снижение общей численности и доли представителей славянских этносов, рост численности представителей тюркских народов, увеличение численности и доли титульных этносов в соответствующих национальных образованиях, заметное увеличение численности представителей тюркских этносов, имеющих собственные государства за пределами России. В результате произошло усиление влияния тюркского и уменьшение славянского этнодемографических компонентов. Во многих регионах наблюдается территориальное сжатие русского населения. Усложнились межэтнические контакты, а миграционные процессы рассматриваются местными жителями как общая угроза их социальному благополучию.</p><p>Как показывают результаты проведенных под руководством Ю. В. Попкова массовых и экспертных опросов в сибирских регионах в 2000-х годах, именно с мигрантами местные жители связывают существующую напряженность в межэтнических отношениях. Среди основных причин существующей напряженности в отношениях между людьми разных национальностей эксперты назвали увеличение доли мигрантов в своем регионе. К числу наиболее заметных изменений в этносоциальной обстановке в последнее время респонденты отнесли также концентрацию людей по этническому принципу в отдельных микрорайонах, а также на работе, в отдельных отраслях (по 39%), что также характерно прежде всего для мигрантов.</p><p>Перспективы снижения межэтнической напряженности лежат на пути, во-первых, преодоления имевшего место в 1990–2000-е годы стихийного характера миграционных процессов, во-вторых, усиления внимания органов власти к удовлетворению потребностей коренных жителей и вопросам адаптации их (а не только мигрантов) к новой для них этносоциальной ситуации.</p>

INDIGENOUS OF KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT – YUGRA: SYSTEMATIZATION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES

The paper touches upon the issues that are among the problems of investigation ethnical and cultural diversity of Russian society, cross-cultural interaction contributing to preservation of ethnic historical and cultural heritage of Yugra indigenous peoples. Both research groups (institutions) and individual experts study these issues thoroughly but they focus their attention on the aspects under their consideration having loose connection with each other. Diversity and heterogeneity of numerous information resources do not allow to form a clear comprehensive picture of the region. The fact makes it necessary to organize the material available into a comprehensive system. The paper considers the methodology issues as well as techniques involved in the process of information resources systematization. The suggested research aims at investigating informational resources and providing a wider access to the information about social, cultural and historical peculiarities of peoples of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District – Yugra through systematic presentation of material and also a possibility to translate it using rare languages (Khanty, Mansi) as well as more popular languages (English, German, Finnish and Hungarian). The paper considers the methodology issues as well as techniques involved in the process of information resources systematization. Preparatory and project procedures are being described on systematization of information about cultural, historical and social development of indigenous peoples of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District. Organization of these procedures is planned to be carried out in Yugra State University.