Development Of Hydroelectric Power Plants Research Articles

Potensi Pembangunan Pembangkit Tenaga Mini Hidro (PLTM) pada Sungai Batang Kenaikan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

Rivers that flow from hilly or mountainous areas can be used for various purposes including; sources of drinking water, irrigation, fisheries, power plants, and downstream shipping lanes. West Sumatra Province is mostly a mountainous area and has many rivers flowing east and west from the Barisan hills. This condition allows the development of hydroelectric power plants that utilize the head and discharge of rivers. One potential development of a mini hydro power plant (PLTM) is in Batang Panggang, which is located in Paraman Ampalu Village, Gunung Tuleh District, West Pasaman Regency. The potential for developing a PLTM on the Batang Panggang River is based on topographic conditions that allow for adequate head height and river flow that can produce electrical energy. For this reason, it is necessary to study the potential by selecting the planned discharge so that it can produce several power production values. These various power productions can be taken into consideration in relation to development costs and operating patterns agreed with PT. PLN (Persero). In this study, the data used includes daily discharge data from automatic water level record (AWLR) recording over the last 15 years. From the discharge data, a Flow Duration Curve (FDC) can be drawn to determine the relationship between discharge and the probability of its occurrence, and this is used as a basis for selecting generator discharge plans and annual energy production. Based on the topographic conditions of the location, the elevation of the lighthouse weir is planned at an altitude of +200 m above sea level, the calming tank is at an altitude of +197 m and the location of the power house is at an altitude of +150 m, while the length of the carrier channel is 2400 m. From this elevation, the height of the fall, H, is 50 m. Assuming the effective fall height, Heff is 90%xH, then Heff is obtained as 45 m. By trying the planned discharge used is Q40% to Q80%, from the FDC we get Q40% = 17.97 m3/s, Q50% = 14.99 m3/s, Q60% = 12.98 m3/s, Q70% = 11.17 m3/s, and Q80% = 9.54 m3/s. Based on the fall height and design discharge, the appropriate type of turbine is a French turbine and the generator efficiency is 0.95, then the annual energy for each Qplan is obtained, namely; W40 = 40413.97 MWh, W50 = 37108.22 MWh, W60 = 34744.17 MWh, W70 = 31296.90 MWh, and W80 = 27606.57 MWh.

An Analysis The Distinction of Generator and Efficiency Gear Ratio PLTMH Vortex Turbine in Reservoir at Bujel Village

Energy requirements are needed by modern society in this digital era. Today the most widely used energy is fossil energy. It makes fossil energy can run out at any time. Therefore, alternative energy is needed, especially energy from nature. Indonesia has a lot of potential for the development of hydroelectric power plants. It happens because Indonesia has a tropical climate with very high rainfall and many of rivers with a fairly swift flow. The study done at Bujel village in Ngimbang Sub-District, Lamongan. DC generator is superior because the DC generator used is a low rpm generator, so by low rpm can have a higher voltage level of 25V, while AC generator has a maximum voltage of 11V. Based on the standard level of water turbine efficiency of 70%-90%, it means that the second generator can be said to be efficient because the load used is only a 50 Ω. The selection of gear ratios also affects the efficiency value of a water turbine because therefore in this study will examine the difference in gear ratios, namely 46:16, 46:18, 46:20. Considering the test results of the three gears, the gear with a ratio of 46:16 has a high rpm level of 468 rpm.

木曽川の水力開発と電気製鉄製鋼事業

木曽川の水力開発と電気製鉄製鋼事業

Project Risk Management in Hydropower Plant Projects

The development of hydroelectric power plant is one of the efforts in utilising water resources for people’s welfare by generating the energy for electricity purpose. Nowadays, the installed capacity of hydro electric power plants is 3,529 MW from the total installed capacity 24,846 MW from various power plants owned by PT PLN (Persero) and the hydropower potential 75,000 MW all over Indonesia. Hydroelectric power plant has complex structures and involves large amounts of capital with a long-running construction period. This situation imposes uncertainty factors with considerably high risks. The construction phase is identified as a critical phase in hydropower projects where many unforeseen factors occur. Failure to manage project risks leads to significant problems for the client such as completion time delays and cost overruns. In order to prevent time delays and cost overruns in hydropower construction in PT PLN (Persero), the study on project risk management in the construction stage of hydropower plant projects had been conducted. The purpose of this study was to identify and measure the importance of construction risks and to determine the level of agreement or disagreement between the client, consultants and contractors on the ranking of construction risk in hydropower projects. The author selected the respondents from the clients, consultants and contractors’ personnel who had work experience in hydropower construction projects in PT PLN (Persero). JEL Classification: L74—Construction