Development Of High Efficiency Research Articles

Advanced Ir-Based Alloy Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers.

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) coupled with renewable energy to produce hydrogen is an important part of clean energy acquisition in the future. However, the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hinder the large-scale application of PEM water electrolysis technology. To deal with the problems existing in the PEM electrolyzer and improve the electrolysis efficiency, substantial efforts are invested in the development of cost-effective and stable electrocatalysts. Within this scenario, the different OER reaction mechanisms are first discussed here. Based on the in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism, the research progress of low-iridium noble metal alloys is reviewed from the aspects of special effects, design strategies, reaction mechanisms, and synthesis methods. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the future development of high-efficiency and low-precious metal OER electrocatalysts are presented.

Bismuth-Metal and Carbon Quantum Dot Co-Doped NiAl-LDH Heterojunctions for Promoting the Photothermal Catalytic Reduction of CO2.

The quest for sustainable photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CRR) emphasizes the development of high-efficiency, economically viable, and durable photocatalysts. A novel approach involving the synthesis of Bi-CDs/LDH heterojunctions, incorporating plasma metals and carbon quantum dots via hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods, yields remarkable results. The optimized BCL-4 photocatalyst demonstrates exceptional performance, with C2H4 and C2H6 yields of 1.35 and 2.17µmolg-1h-1, respectively, representing substantial enhancements of 11.25 and 14.47 times compared to the LDH monomer. Moreover, the catalyst exhibits a notable selectivity of 36.6% for C2 products. Plasmonic Bi with high conductivity and carbon quantum dots synergistically enhances visible light absorption and generated additional hot electrons. The electron-trapping ability of carbon quantum dots is pivotal in creating elevated electron and CO2 concentrations at the catalyst interface, fostering conditions conducive to promoting C─C coupling reactions for the generation of C2 products.

Analysis of the Physical Characteristics of Helical Heat Exchangers for Reducing CO2 Emissions into the Atmosphere

This research aims to analyze heat transfer behavior and evaluate the potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions of elliptical cross-section helical coil heat exchangers. The study employs experimental testing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations under constant surface temperature conditions. The investigation focuses on the influence of physical characteristics, particularly the percent ovality (δ) and the hydraulic diameter to coil diameter ratio ????ℎ???????????????????? on heat transfer efficiency.Empirical results demonstrate that helical coils with high δ values (66.67%) and smaller surface areas exhibit higher heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt numbers. A mathematical model in the form of ????????=0.0327????????0.8595????????0.4 was developed, achieving a correlation coefficient of 99.04%. Furthermore, exergy analysis reveals that the optimized design can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 175.54 kg per year per unit, assuming 8-hour daily operation.These findings can be applied to the development of high-efficiency, environmentally friendly air conditioning systems for buildings and residences, aligning with greenhouse gas emission reduction targets set by the Paris Agreement.

TiMn2 based bimetallic nano alloy electrocatalyst for improve hydrogen evolution reaction

The development of high-efficiency, durable electrocatalysts is paramount for advancing water-splitting technologies crucial to clean energy conversion. Current electrocatalytic materials often exhibit suboptimal performance, necessitating elevated overpotentials for effective water-splitting reactions. This study introduces a titanium-manganese alloy (TiMn2) as a promising catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrocatalytic performance of TiMn2 was evaluated in acidic media for hydrogen production. Results demonstrate that the TiMn2 electrocatalyst exhibits an exceptionally low overpotential of 139 mV for HER in 0.5 M H2SO4, coupled with a low Tafel slope of 68 mV/decade at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 and a scan rate of 10 mV/s. Moreover, the TiMn2 catalyst demonstrates remarkable stability as a HER electrode, maintaining performance with only a 13.2% activity loss over 24 h of continuous operation. These findings underscore the potential of TiMn2 as a highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen production, offering promising prospects for practical applications in clean energy systems. The exceptional performance metrics of TiMn2 merit further investigation into its structural and electronic properties to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of its enhanced catalytic activity.Graphical

Rolling appraisal and high-efficiency development on a lithologic reservoir of nearshore subaqueous fan in the Tanan oilfield

Rolling appraisal and high-efficiency development on a lithologic reservoir of nearshore subaqueous fan in the Tanan oilfield

Discharge Characteristics of High-Loading Coated Cathode Active Materials for High-Capacity High-Efficiency Secondary Batteries Implementation

In response to the demand for secondary batteries, mass production of secondary battery materials is required, leading to the need for significantly increased production capacity and the development of high-speed production systems for electrode materials. Furthermore, in accordance with global environmental regulations and energy management regulations, reducing carbon emissions is necessary for enhancing future competitiveness through the application of eco-friendly and digital processes. Additionally, to meet the demands of commercializing high-energy-density secondary batteries and achieving carbon neutrality, it is necessary to establish advanced and efficient electrode manufacturing systems. Therefore, the design and development of processes for dispersing components that determine the physical properties of slurries, as well as mixing and coating processes for battery manufacturing, are crucial. Density control ensures accurate material composition, and control of component ratios and viscosity is essential for ensuring consistency in slurry manufacturing processes. During discharge, as the active material at the cathode undergoes reduction, the energy difference with the reference electrode gradually decreases, resulting in a decrease in cell potential. The slope change of the discharge curve is influenced by factors such as the extent of lithium ion diffusion at the surface of the active material particles, phase transitions of the active material, collapse of crystal structure, and leaching of transition metal ions comprising the active material into the electrolyte. Moreover, even at the same current density, charge and discharge curves may vary depending on factors such as particle size and size distribution of the active material, temperature, mixing conditions of active material/binder/conductive agent, electrolyte characteristics, and porous structure of the separator. In this study, the evaluation of electrode characteristics of active materials was conducted to optimize coating conditions and mixing conditions for achieving high efficiency and high loading for the implementation of high-energy-density secondary batteries. Through evaluation based on C-rate according to Loading Level, analysis of capacity implementation characteristics based on electrode density was performed, aiming to apply it to the development of carbon reduction-type high-loading, wide-electrode slurry coating equipment systems for the implementation of high-energy-density secondary batteries. Expectations include the development of carbon reduction process technologies through maximum homogeneity, enhancing production speed, and energy savings in processes.Secondary battery, Cathode active material, Slurry, Loading level, C-rateThis work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (RS-2022-00155881, Development of high-efficiency and high-loading coating system for implementation of 350Wh/kg secondary battery) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea)

Effect of fuel characteristics coupled with injection parameters on oil–gas mixing and combustion processes in diesel engines

The physicochemical properties of fuels are critical determinants of the in-cylinder processes, overall performance, and emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. The distinctive characteristics of various fuels during atomization, evaporation, oil–gas mixing, ignition, and combustion phases play a decisive role in determining the combustion efficiency, thermal efficiency, and formation of pollutants. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of the physical and chemical properties of five distinct fuels, focusing on their interactions with the injection parameters. This investigation delineates the influence of these properties on the spray breakup dynamics and subsequent combustion processes. Results demonstrate that while the fuels exhibit varying sensitivities to injection parameters, optimal combustion performance is consistently achieved when the injection timing is set at 22° Before the Top Dead Center(BTDC), the nozzle orifice diameter is 0.32 mm, and the beam angle is maintained at 160°. This analysis provides novel insights into the complex coupling effects of fuel properties and injection strategies on in-cylinder processes, thereby contributing to the design and development of high-efficiency, low-emission internal combustion engines.

Hexafluoroisopropanol modified MXene for perovskite surface remodeling and interfacial dipole effect enhancement

The development of high-efficiency and stable perovskite (PVK) solar cells (PSCs) still faces the challenge of non-ideal interfaces between PVK and charge transport layers. Herein, the hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) modified two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene is custom-made (MX-HFIP) and employed as the interlayer between the PVK and hole transport layer (HTL) interface by forming hydrogen bonds. The MX-HFIP serves to reinforce the interface contact and remodel the surface of PVK, leading to a high-quality PVK film with a significantly reduced defect density, suppressed nonradiative recombination, and inhibited invasion of water and oxygen. Moreover, the synergistic effect of MXene and HFIP results in an enhanced interfacial dipole effect and an optimized energy-level alignment, thereby increasing the driving force for charge extraction and transport at the PVK/HTL interface. Therefore, the MX-HFIP treated PSC achieves a substantially-enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.33 %, as compared to 20.05 % of the untreated device. Besides, the MX-HFIP treated PSC delivers significantly enhanced stabilities, with 88 % of its initial PCE after 1656 h of storage at 25 °C under 30 %⁓40 % relative humidity. These findings demonstrate the advancement using fluorine-rich molecule modified MXene to improve interfacial properties for enhancing performances and stabilities of optoelectronic devices.

Enhanced low-field energy storage performance and dielectric stability in (Bi0.4Sr0.2K0.2Na0.2)(Ti1-xZrx)O3 high-entropy ceramics via B-site modification

The current global energy situation is tense, necessitating the development of high-efficiency, low-cost, and eco-friendly energy materials. In this study, a series of perovskite lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, denoted as (Bi0.4Sr0.2K0.2Na0.2)(Ti1-xZrx)O3 (BSKNT-xZr) were designed to enhance the storage performance. The findings indicate that all samples exhibit a single perovskite structure. As the Zr4+ content increases, the configurational entropy of the samples increases, the cell volume expands, and the hysteresis loops become finer, while maintaining a high maximum polarization (Pm) and effectively enhancing the energy storage performance. For the ceramic with x = 0.10, the energy density (Wtot), recoverable energy density (Wrec), and energy storage efficiency (η) values were determined to be 3.16 J/cm3, 2.67 J/cm3, and 84.3%, respectively, under an electric field of 230 kV/cm. Moreover, the introduction of Zr4+ reduces the relative permittivity and broadens the temperature range (ΔT) that simultaneously satisfies Δε/ε150°C ≤ ±15% and 0 ≤ tanδ ≤ 0.02. This investigation underscores the potential of BSKNT-xZr ceramics as high-performance, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly energy materials for addressing global energy requirements.

Research on the Innovative Path of Brand Development of Graduation Fashion Shows based on the Perspective of New Institutionalism

The 14th Five-Year Plan period is a period for my country to further promote the high-quality and high-efficiency development of "technology, fashion, and green". The training direction of college graduates is constantly changing, and school-enterprise cooperation is constantly subdivided and deepened. As a result, college evaluation is also linked to the employment rate of graduates. It is more required that the graduates trained by the school transform into market-oriented application talents. Therefore, following the three basic principles of highlighting student-centeredness, output orientation, and continuous improvement, introducing the concept of corporate brand show in graduation design to carry out school-enterprise linkage and integrated teaching has become an important task that the fashion design major must face, innovate and explore.

Optimized Phosphorus Application Enhances Wheat Stem Lodging Resistance Under Spring Low-Temperature Stress.

Spring low-temperature stress (LTS) has become a major limiting factor for the development of high yield, quality and efficiency in wheat production. It not only affects the function of wheat leaves and the development of spikes but also impacts stem lodging resistance, and may experience elevated risk of stem lodging. This study conducted a field pot experiment to assess the effect of phosphorus fertilizer application mode on wheat stem lodging resistance under spring LTS. Two wheat varieties, Yannong19 (YN19, cold-tolerant variety) and Xinmai26 (XM26, cold-sensitive variety) used as the experiment material. Two phosphorus fertilizer application models including traditional phosphorus application (TPA) and optimized phosphorus application (OPA) were employed. Temperature treatment was conducted at 15 °C (CK) and -4 °C (LT) in a controlled phytotron. Our results showed that spring LTS decreased the stem wall thickness and internode fullness, and altered stem anatomical structure and chemical composition, resulting in a decrease in wheat stem mechanical strength and lodging resistant index. Compared with TPA, the OPA increased the stem wall thickness and internode fullness. The thickness of the stem mechanic tissue layer and parenchymatous tissue, and the area of the large vascular bundle and small vascular bundle were increased by the OPA, which alleviated the damage to stem cell walls caused by spring LTS. At the same time, the OPA also increased the contents of lignin, cellulose, and soluble sugar, improving the C/N ratio in wheat stem. Due to the improved stem morphological characteristics, anatomical structure, and chemical compositions, the wheat stem exhibited enhanced lodging resistance, which increased the lodging resistant index of the 2nd and 3rd internodes of YN19 and XM26 by 27.27%, 11.63% and 14.15%, 15.73% at the dough stage compared with TPA under spring LTS. Meanwhile, OPA could not only alleviate the yield loss caused by spring LTS, but also increase the grain yield without spring LTS. This study indicated that OPA enhances wheat stem lodging resistance under spring LTS, and would be meaningful and practical for improving wheat resistance to low-temperature stress.

Finite Element Simulations and Experimental Analysis for Efficient Mugwort Harvesting

When mugwort is mechanically harvested, problems such as a low efficiency and high crushing rate seriously affect the quality of mugwort and restrict the development of the mugwort industry. In order to improve the efficiency of mugwort harvesting and reduce the crushing rate, the finite element method simulation and experiment are combined to study the optimal harvesting method of mugwort. Firstly, the parameters of the components of mugwort, such as the mugwort culm, mugwort stalk, and mugwort leaf, were investigated by tensile and three-point bending methods to determine the values of density, the modulus of elasticity, and Poisson’s ratio, and to establish the material mechanics model of mugwort. Secondly, harvesting of mugwort was simulated through the established three-dimensional model of mugwort, combined with its material mechanics model and using display dynamics. Finally, by conducting harvesting tests on mugwort, the harvesting force of different harvesting directions and harvesting positions were measured to reveal the harvesting mechanism of mugwort and to determine the optimal harvesting direction and position of mugwort leaves. The experimental results showed that the harvesting force was lowest when the harvesting angle was 0° or 90°, and the leaves were least damaged when the harvesting position was close to the stalk. The results of the study can provide data support for the study of the mechanical properties of mugwort and provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of high-efficiency and low-loss mugwort harvesting machinery and the optimisation of harvesting methods.

The Application of AJAX and JSON in the Case

In modern Web development, it is very important to master and utilize AJAX and JSON technology to achieve high-efficiency development. This paper gives an overview of some examples to analyze how to use Bootstrap to display data on the front-end page, then send an asynchronous request to the background with Ajax, and after receiving the request, parse the JSON string to perform the corresponding database operation and obtain the required data from the database. the data package to be returned is then packaged as a JSON object array and returned to the front end of the web, the front end of the data package is analyzed to the desired data and the front end of the webpage is not refreshed, And then the whole interaction process is completed.

Photo-charging sodium-ion battery by gallium arsenide solar cell generating an overall efficiency exceeding 30 %

Photo-charging energy storage system integrating photovoltaic harvest and energy storage functions creates a sustainable power source. The system not only alleviates the inherent limitations of intermittent, fluctuating, and unstable sunlight irradiation, but also facilitates the effective and sustainable utilization of green energy. However, the photo-charging efficiency of the system is relatively low nowadays. Herein, we report a photo-chargeable sodium-ion battery (PC-SIB) that leverages a self-designed multi-functional modulator to directly charge sodium-ion battery using GaAs solar cells. By harmonizing function portfolio management, PC-SIB achieves a photo-charging efficiency milestone of 30.24 %, along with excellent charge-discharge stability. Even in −20 °C, PC-SIB still maintains outstanding performance. The great leap in efficiency will strongly promote the high-efficient development of solar charging and storage integrated devices.

Study on reservoir heterogeneity of Chang 8 reservoir in Hongde Oilfield, western margin of Ordos Basin and knowledge of fine stratification development practice

Abstract In view of the problems of reservoir heterogeneity and unclear understanding of main control factors in Chang8 reservoir of Hongde Oilfield in the middle part of Tianhuan, Ordos Basin, efficient development and stable production are restricted by a large number of drilling, core data and log comparative analysis, using core observation, microscopic rock slice identification, scanning electron microscopy, mercury injection and phase infiltration experiments, etc. Based on the understanding of sedimentary facies and diagenesis, the quantitative analysis of Chang 8 in the study area is carried out from the macro intra-layer, interlayer, plane heterogeneity and microscopic heterogeneity. Finally, it is concluded that Chang 8 reservoir in Hongde Oilfield presents strong heterogeneity, and sedimentary microfacies, different clastic components of sandstone, diagenesis and other main factors affecting its strong heterogeneity. At the same time, in the development practice of De 5 area of Hongde Oilfield, the multi-stage sedimentary cycle division and step production and development were taken as a breakthrough, and the differential reservoir seepage theory was innovatively used to reduce the section/plane contradiction caused by reservoir heterogeneity, and a technical system such as regional fine stratified production, differentiated reservoir fracturing and reconstruction, single sand body fine injection and production control and stratified water injection was formed. The high efficiency development and utilization of strong heterogeneous reservoir is realized.

Innovation and application of integrated management mechanism of chemical flooding in extra-high water cut sandstone oilfield

Abstract Daqing oilfield chemical flooding technology is mature and matching, enhanced oil recovery, strongly support the development of oil fields, in order to ensure the national strategic security of energy plays a pivotal role. Since the 13th five-year plan, aiming at the problems of poor quality reservoir condition, poor development benefit and increasing difficulty of stable production, the target of high-efficiency development has been set, innovative Management mode, the construction of “Key research, continuous improvement, promotion and application” closely linked to the new mechanism of integrated scientific research and production management; A new dynamic management mechanism of chemical flooding development is established, and a new management model of injection system is established. Since 2016, the development efficiency of chemical flooding has improved markedly, with annual oil production remaining stable at over 10 million tons and an additional 2.55 million tons of oil production. The tonnage of polymer-enhanced oil has increased from 47.4 tons to 57.2 tons, saving 126,000 tons of polymer and generating 5.503 billion yuan in economic benefits, Daqing Field has made important contributions to the revitalization and development of the country in the new era and ensuring national energy security.

Enhanced charge separation at the interface of Cu2O/CuSCN composite thin films synthesized by electrodeposition technique

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of hole transport layers (HTLs) for solar cells, par- ticularly copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O), synthesized via electrodeposition tech- niques. CuSCN and Cu2O offer promising properties for efficient charge transport in photovoltaic devices. The synthesis processes involve precise control of deposition parameters to achieve desired film morpholo- gies and properties. Characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy provide insights into film morphology and optical properties. Optimization of synthesis parameters for Cu2O films is explored to enhance their electrical properties. Photoelectric response measurements indicate improved charge separation at the interface of Cu2O/CuSCN composite films. These findings can contribute to the advancement of solar cell technology. Furthermore, the study extends its exploration to the fabrication of Cu2O by electrodeposition at different pH levels. SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses reveal the impact of deposition parameters on film mor- phology and crystal structure, providing valuable insights for tailored synthesis approaches. Overall, this comprehensive study not only advances the understanding of HTL materials synthesis and optimization but also provides valuable guidance for the development of high-efficiency and stable solar cell devices.

Mode Conversion Trimming in Asymmetric Directional Couplers Enabled by Silicon Ion Implantation.

An on-chip asymmetric directional coupler (DC) can convert fundamental modes to higher-order modes and is one of the core components of mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology. In this study, we propose that waveguides of the asymmetric DC can be trimmed by silicon ion implantation to tune the effective refractive index and facilitate mode conversion into higher-order modes. Through this method of tuning, transmission changes of up to 18 dB have been realized with one ion implantation step. In addition, adjusting the position of the ion implantation on the waveguide can provide a further degree of control over the transmission into the resulting mode. The results of this work present a promising new route for the development of high-efficiency, low-loss mode converters for integrated photonic platforms, and aim to facilitate the application of MDM technology in emerging photonic neuromorphic computing.

Synergistic heterostructural interface of CoP and WC for high-performance wide pH-universal hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis

The development of cost-effective catalysts with high activity and stability over a wide pH range is urgent, but there are great challenges in the selection and design of catalyst materials. In this work, cobalt phosphide nanoparticles were modified onto tungsten carbide nanowire arrays (CoP@WC/CC) on carbon cloth substrate by a two-step method. The construction of CoP@WC heterostructure results in the downward shift of the d-band center, which optimizes the adsorption energy of catalyst and reaction intermediates. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of CoP and WC contributes to the alkaline HER kinetic process. In addition, binder-free self-supporting nanoarray have excellent electrical conductivity, large specific surface area and strong structure, which is conducive to charge/matter exchange and catalyst stability. The results show that CoP@WC/CC can effectively drive HER over a wide pH range and exhibit better catalytic performance than the single component control sample. In 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH, CoP@WC/CC can drive the current density of 10 mA cm−2 with only 52 and 70 mV, while showing excellent stability without obvious performance degradation during 100 h of constant current test. A proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) using CoP@WC/CC catalyst operates stably for 200,000 s at 30 mA cm−2. This study provides a new reference for the design and development of high efficiency, low cost and wide pH-universal hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts.

Multifunctional Near-Infrared Phosphors Cr3+/Ni2+ Codoped Mg3Ga2GeO8 Based on Energy Transfer from Cr3+ to Ni2.

Currently, near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting materials have been widely used in many fields, such as night vision, bioimaging, and nondestructive analysis. However, it is difficult to achieve multifunction in certain NIR light emitting phosphor. Herein, we propose a new near-infrared phosphor Mg3Ga2GeO8:Cr3+,Ni2+ that can be applied to at least three fields, i.e., identification of compounds, temperature sensing, anticounterfeiting, and other applications. The multifunctional material exhibited efficient broadband emission of 650-1650 nm under 420 nm excitation. The emission intensity of Ni2+ in Mg3Ga2GeO8:Cr3+,Ni2+ is enhanced by two times compared with that of Ni2+ in Mg3Ga2GeO8:Ni2+ due to the energy transfer process. Compared with phosphor single doped with Ni2+, Mg3Ga2GeO8:Cr3+,Ni2+ is more convincing in organic compound recognition because it is based on two emission bands: 600-1100 nm and 1100-1650 nm. As a temperature sensor, Mg3Ga2GeO8:Cr3+,Ni2+ is an ideal temperature-sensing material. This work not only provides a super broadband NIR emitting phosphor with multiple functions but also presents a practical approach for the development of high-efficiency and multifunctional NIR phosphors.