Development Of Environmental Technologies Research Articles

Synthesis of Tungsten-Modified Sn3O4 through the Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide-Assisted Solvothermal Method for Dye Decolorization under Visible Light Irradiation

Novel tungsten-modified mixed-valence tin oxides (Sn3O4) with two oxidation numbers, such as Sn2+ and Sn4+, were successfully prepared by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted solvothermal method in one-step using tin (II) chloride dihydrate and sodium tungstate (IV) dihydrate as the precursors for dye degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation. The synthesized materials were characterized by various techniques to investigate the surface/structural morphology and the optical property. The presence of tungsten and the optimized amount of CTAB in the preparation method were favorable for the photocatalytic dye degradation reaction. In particular, when 0.03 of CTAB was added to W-modified Sn3O4 (W-Sn3O4@CTAB) and its concentration was 0.6 mg/mL, 10 mg/L of MO could be decolorized almost completely in 40 min, with the apparent reaction rate constant of 0.0496 min−1. The improvement of photocatalytic activity for this proposed W-Sn3O4 results from increased reduction power, enhanced separation of electron–hole pairs, extended visible light absorption range, and optimized band structure by CTAB additive. The radical trapping experiments showed that the main reactive species during the photocatalytic reaction are superoxide ions. The developed photocatalysts may contribute to the development of environmental improvement technology.

Remittance inflow and its impact on green growth in China: Economic and environmental implications of labor mobility

This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by examining the nonlinear impact of remittance inflow on green growth. To analyze the short and long-run estimates, we have relied on the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag and quantile autoregressive distributed lag models. The use of nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag and quantile autoregressive distributed lag models to analyze the impact of remittance inflow on green growth is an innovative approach that adds to the existing body of knowledge on this topic. The long-run results from the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag suggest that a positive shock in remittance inflow improves green growth, while a negative shock reduces green growth. Moreover, foreign direct investment, research and development activities, environmental technology, and financial development encourage green growth. In the short run, the remittance inflow improves the green in the nonlinear model only, and foreign direct investment promotes green growth in linear and nonlinear models. The nonlinear quantile autoregressive distributed lag results show that, in the long run, green growth exhibits an asymmetric response to both positive and negative changes in remittance inflow, particularly at higher quantiles. Our findings will suggest appropriate policies to policymakers regarding the effective utilization of remittances to enhance green growth.

Perspectives to Strengthening Competencies of Judges in The Supreme Court of The Republic of Indonesia

Judges as court apparatus, play a pivotal role in improving organizational performance and enhancing public trust. They are the sole actor who determines the quality of court decisions. However, the cases in the four courts, namely general, religious, state administrative and military courts seemed to outnumber the judges; hence retaining highly skilled judges to rule and write decisions within the time frame is paramount. Using a stakeholder theory approach, this article explores the competency-based development model for judges carried out by the technical training centre of the Indonesian Supreme Court. The research method was descriptive qualitative, purposive sampling for in-depth interviews. The result revealed that each stakeholder, namely technical training managers, supporting lecturers or trainers, working unit, and the public, showed different perspectives on judges' competencies, knowledge, skills, and attitude due to different interests. Stakeholders' views highlighted several points: analytical thinking skill improvement, knowledge application, character building, adaptive skills development and reassignment. This study, therefore, provides a new model of judges' competencies development that emphasizes a throughout human resources management activity application, starting from carrying out apparatus management strategy as a response to bureaucracy reform, strategic environmental changes, and science and information technology development; applying human resources development strategy with stakeholder participation approach through training and development centre; and creating apparatus reassignment strategy. These three strategies lead to an agile civil apparatus to achieve good governance.

The role of global collaboration in environmental technology development, natural resources, and marine energy generation technologies toward carbon neutrality in knowledge-based economies.

This study aims to explore the influence of renewable energy consumption (REC), global collaboration in environmental technology development (GCETD), gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC), marine energy generation technologies (MGT), trade openness (TDOT), natural resources (NRs), and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2e) in 34 selected knowledge-based economies from 1990 to 2020. The results show that MGT and REC, an environmentally friendly source of energy, are positively connected with zero carbon emissions, reflecting the ability to serve as an alternative energy option for a sustainable environment. In addition, the study reveals that NRS, such as the accessibility of hydrocarbon resources, can have a positive effect on CO2e, implying that the unsustainable use of NRs may lead to the expansion of CO2e. Additionally, the study pinpoints that GDPPC and TDOT, as a gauge of economic expansion, play an essential part in a carbon-neutral future, suggesting that greater amounts of commercial success could result in greater ecological sustainability. The results also show that GCETD is linked to lower CO2e. This means that working together on an international level helps to improve environmental technologies and slow down the effects of global warming. It is suggested that governments should focus on and encourages GCETD, the use of REC, and TDOT to speed up the path toward zero emissions. Also, decision-makers should think about backing research and development investments in MGT as a potential way to reach zero CO2e in a knowledge-based economies.

Optimization of Chemical Environmental Protection and Energy Sustainable Development

Chemical products are increasingly being used in all aspects of human life as science and technology advance. However, there are some drawbacks to chemical technology. For example, many chemical production will use large amounts of coal and petroleum, causing not only an energy shortage but also irreversible pollution to the environment. As a result, researchers' attention has gradually shifted to chemical environmental protection, energy sustainable development, and other disciplines subdivided from the chemical specialty. The research methods of literature review and information retrieval are used in this paper to investigate the application and development of chemical environmental protection technology in industrial production on the one hand, and more favorable methods for energy conservation on the other. This paper proposes targeted optimization measures for chemical environmental protection and sustainable energy development by analyzing existing problems in the chemical industry. People have the innovative ability to combine the benefits of the two and break free from the past recognition and reliance on traditional energy, which will play a critical role in promoting the development of social economy, ecological sustainability, energy utilization, and other fields.

Will environmental taxes help to mitigate climate change? A comparative study based on OECD countries

Climate change and the resulting extreme weather events bring significant economic losses and many unstable factors. It is an important means to actively seek environmental protection and climate governance countermeasures to meet severe challenges. As an environmental protection tool widely used by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), environmental taxes are expected to play an important role in combating climate change and reducing extreme weather events. Based on public goods theory, collective cooperation theory, externality theory and double dividend theory of environmental taxes, this paper takes 36 OECD countries as research samples and empirically tests the role of environmental taxes in mitigating climate change process and reducing extreme weather events through the establishment of panel Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The empirical results show that the environmental taxes on the whole is conducive to reducing the frequency of abnormal temperature weather and plays a positive role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions in OECD countries. Further research shows that environmental budget and environmental technologies play a positive role in the process of environmental taxes to delay climate change and reduce extreme weather events. In other words, we should attach importance to the investment of environmental protection funds and the research and development of environmental protection technology while carrying out environmental taxes. The robustness test shows that the main regression results of this paper have strong robustness. The research in this paper enriches theories and existing literature related to environmental taxes and climate change, and provides new research ideas and policy guidance for delaying the process of climate change and responding to extreme weather events.

Impact of Financial Inclusion, Globalization, Renewable Energy, ICT, and Economic Growth on CO2 Emission in OBOR Countries

This study examines the short-term and long-term effects of various important determinants such as financial inclusion (FI), information and communication technology (ICT), renewable energy (RE), globalization (GOB), and economic growth (EG) on CO2 emissions in the top 10 emitter countries in the OBOR region based on the collected data for the years 2004 to 2019. This study employed the CS-ARDL technique. Findings demonstrate a strong relationship between FI, ICT, and CO2 emissions in both the long-term and short-term. Renewable sources of energy have been found to have a CO2 emission reduction effect, both in the long and short term. In the long run, there is a negative connection between globalization and CO2 emissions; however, in the short run, this connection is inconsequential, while economic growth (EG) has a positive association with CO2 emission. The development of ICT infrastructure carries the potential to directly mitigate the detrimental effects of CO2 emissions while also playing an important role in raising people’s environmental consciousness. OBOR countries should welcome and encourage clean and green foreign investment that provides technical skills, environmental technology development, and carbon-free processes.

Asymmetric Determinants of Renewable Energy Production in Pakistan: Do Economic Development, Environmental Technology, and Financial Development Matter?

Asymmetric Determinants of Renewable Energy Production in Pakistan: Do Economic Development, Environmental Technology, and Financial Development Matter?

Firm, industry, and country effects on CO2 emissions levels

AbstractWe hinge on a panel data of 4660 firms across 79 countries and over 15 years to explore how country, industry, and firm effects influence firms' CO2 emissions. Our results show that firm effects are the main factor influencing firms' CO2 emissions (32.8% of the total variance), ahead of industry (30.6%), country (29.3%), or country‐industry effects (4.0%). These results highlight the need to overhaul current public policy baselines that mainly focus on environmental regulation and technological development, for the dissemination of proactive environmental practices within the firm also appears to be—at least—as important to ground a low‐carbon future. Our findings should also permeate the rhetoric of the agents setting business collective beliefs and influencing management training, as well as that of international organizations at the forefront of the crusade for decarbonization. By contrast, if the misleading idea of marginal firm effects entrenches in our set of beliefs, it could become a self‐fulfilling prophecy in the normative system under which policymaking and organizational behavior unfold.

Analysis of the Core Competitive Advantage of the Auto Industry: A Case of Tesla’ s Business Model

Due to environmental pressure, energy security, technological development, consumer attitudes, and policy advocacy, it is widely recognized by governments and automotive enterprises that energy efficiency and green emissions are significant directions for the future of the automotive industry. The development and popularity of new energy vehicles (NEVs) have been a trend with broad prospects. Currently, Tesla is undoubtedly the leading electric vehicle company in terms of brand awareness, market share, and new technological breakthroughs, and is highly competitive in the NEV market. This paper explores how new technologies, management, corporate culture, and brand image have helped Tesla to expand economies of scale, reduce costs and increase turnover. By using the method of case analysis, the paper analyses and evaluates the core competitive advantages of the automotive industry through Tesla's business model. In addition, the paper proposes solutions for Tesla's current establishment background, current situation, and operating environment as well as its shortcomings. And then makes some suggestions for future development. According to the analysis in this paper, the typical disadvantages of Tesla are high cost, high selling price, and limited consumer base. At the same time, this paper summarizes the above key elements and analysis and then looks at the future development of the electric vehicle industry. Through the discussion in this paper, some successful experiences and advanced ideas that can be learned from new energy vehicle companies are found. These experiences and ideas allow the future of the world's new energy vehicle market to unfold in its way.

The Relationship Between Environmental Technology Patenting and Environmental Performance Index in Countries: What Does It Mean and How Can We Measure It

National governments need to make informed decisions to ensure sustainable development and the use of new technologies. Thus, two major problems emerge: how to evaluate governments’ success in encouraging companies to invest in environmental technologies, and how to measure the efficiency of technology diffusion in terms of environmental well-being. The knowledge about the relationship between environmental performance and environmental technologies at the country level enables decision-makers in the field of sustainable development to more rationally plan the costs of developing new technologies, as well as track the return on their implementation. As a result, society and industry will receive signals about the effectiveness of the implemented sustainable development policy. The main goal of the research was to overcome the gap in the field of environmental wellbeing: how to measure at the macro level the dependence of countries’ success in environmental performance on how developed they are in environmental technologies. The specific objective of the study was to quantify the relationship between the integral indicator of environmental well-being Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and innovative activity in the field of environmental technology at the cross-country level. To evaluate the development of environmental technologies, the platform solution Orbit Intelligence was used, specifically, the FamPat worldwide patent database. It was confirmed that the more developed the economy, the higher EPI and the level of development of environmental technology. At the same time, no relationship was found between the 10-year change in EPI and the 10-year change in the patent activity index. The hypothesis about the statistical significance of the relationship between the integral indicators of patent activity in the field of environmental technology and the current value of EPI was confirmed. A regression dependence was determined, which was well approximated by the linear regression of EPI on the logarithm of the country’s patent activity index in the field of environmental technology. The dependence can be interpreted as a slowdown in the growth of EPI when a certain level of patenting is reached. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that a framework has been proposed and implemented for assessing the relationship between environmental well-being and environmental technology. This framework can be used to study individual environmental problems in countries in more detail and to identify the level of available technologies for solving these problems.

Winter wheat productivity depending on the systems of primary tillage against the background of short-term crop rotations in the South of Ukraine

Topicality. In the current agricultural environment, there is a trend towards simplification of tillage, wrong crop rotation sequences, narrowing of specialisation of most agricultural enterprises, and therefore the role of the predecessor and tillage systems as one of the least costly ways to optimise winter crop cultivation will only increase. For this reason, the development and research of various schemes of primary tillage on the background of short-term crop rotation will continue to be a topical issue and will always be subject to scientific and practical interest. Purpose. Our research aimed to development of environmental friendly technologies for competitive production of high-quality crop production in the Black Sea Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The field method was the main method, which was supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations in accordance with generally accepted methods and guidelines in agriculture and crop production. In the experiment, the systems of crop rotations and primary tillage were studied. Results. The influence of different systems of primary tillage on the winter wheat yield in short-term crop rotation was studied. It was found that in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, the moldboardless tillage created the best conditions for the formation of winter wheat yield in the 1st, 2nd and 4th crops. The highest yields were in all experimental variants after such predecessors as black fallow and green manure fallow with winter vetch. Conclusions. For all experimental variants, the best results in terms of yield were observed after black fallow and green manure fallow with winter vetch in the 1st and 4th crops. In the 2nd crop, green manure fallow with winter vetch had an advantage of 4.9 % compared to black fallow. In winter wheat, a positive effect on the formation of yields was manifested by moldboardless tillage. Key words: crop rotation, predecessors, primary tillage system, yield, winter wheat

Challenges in the area of green economy and green transformation in regard to the development of environmental technologies

Challenges in the area of green economy and green transformation in regard to the development of environmental technologies

КОНВЕРГЕНЦІЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПОЛІТИК В КОНТЕКСТІ ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ

The mechanisms of convergence in national eco-economic policies have been considered. The convergence of social-economic development in Ukraine has been evaluated. The mechanisms of harmonization, imposition, diffusion, and regulatory competition have been investigated. The essence and peculiarities of convergence assessment have been analyzed. A generalized typology of policy convergence mechanisms has been proposed, which includes harmonization, imposition, diffusion, and regulatory competition, playing a significant role in achieving eco-economic policy convergence and creating a favorable environment for sustainable development and economic growth. It has been determined through which intermediate mechanisms these structural changes and "modernization forces" affect domestic policy. It has been found that diffusion constitutes a third and separate class of convergence mechanisms that need to be systematically integrated into the analysis of convergence in national eco-economic policies. While countries can implement domestic political measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change, their actions may be limited or insufficient if other countries do not join similar efforts. This can lead to inefficiency and an inability to achieve global environmental goals. Therefore, the problem statement includes the absence of unified standards, disparities in technology and infrastructure development, as well as the complexity of interaction between national policies and international agreements. Understanding these issues will help identify key challenges and pathways to achieving convergence of national environmental-economic policies. Convergence of national environmental and economic policies necessitates research into the nature and causes of inequality between countries regarding the level of development of environmental technologies, energy efficiency, and infrastructure. A generalized typology of policy convergence mechanisms has been proposed, which includes harmonization, imposition, diffusion, and regulatory competition, playing a significant role in achieving ecologic-economic policy convergence and creating a favorable environment for sustainable development and economic growth.

Development and justification of new technologies purification of water environments from pollution by heavy metals

An actual trend in applied ecology is the development and implementation of innovative environmental protection technologies. Modern methods for extracting heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater are quite diverse. The purpose of the study was to develop and justify new technologies for purification of aqueous media, including adsorption purification, from heavy metal ions (by the example of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions). Laboratory studies have established that the degree of adsorption extraction of Ni2+ ions by the sorption material from bentonite modified with carbon nanotubes and fired at a temperature of 550 °C increases by 13-14% due to its activation with 18% HCl solution and 38% CaCl2 solution, and the degree of adsorption extraction of Cd2+ ions with this activation of the sorbent, it increases by 16-17%. A technological scheme of a water purification station is proposed, which includes highly efficient adsorption filters with sorption material from bentonite of the specified modification and acid-salt activation.

Suggestions on the Development of Environmental Monitoring Technology of CO2 Geological Storage and Leakage under the Background of China’s “Double-Carbon” Strategy

With the proposal of China’s national “double carbon” strategic goal, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has attracted more and more attention. Due to the high cost, high energy consumption and high risk of CCUS technology, this technology is still in the initial stage of development in China. Among them, CO2 geological storage is one of the risks, and the environmental monitoring technology of CO2 storage leakage is particularly important in the large-scale popularization and application of CCUS technology in China. On the basis of extensive research on the related literature concerning CO2 storage and leakage, this paper begins with the types and mechanisms of CO2 storage, analyzes the ways and risks of CO2 storage and leakage and then summarizes the existing environmental monitoring technologies of CO2 geological storage and leakage. In the future, China can promote the progress of CO2 geological storage monitoring technology and help achieve the goal of “double carbon” by strengthening the research on CO2 storage mechanism and main control factors, perfecting the risk assessment method of CO2 storage, constructing the monitoring technology system of the CO2 storage life cycle, and standardizing the CO2 storage risk response system.

Research on Microbial Fuel Cell in Water Treatment and Power Generation

With the development of economics, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the existing sewage treatment technology has high energy consumption. Therefore, the development of low energy consumption, safe and environmental protection technology is the trend of in further. Microbial fuel cell (MFC), as an emerging comprehensive technical method for wastewater disposal, shows great application prospects. In this work, the working principle and function of different types of MFC, the application of MFC in sewage treatment field, and the shortcomings of MFC devices to be perfected in the market are discussed.

The environmental effects of the “twin” green and digital transition in European regions

This study explores the nexus between digital and green transformations—the so-called “twin” transition—in European regions in an effort to identify the impact of digital and environmental technologies on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions originating from industrial production. We conduct an empirical analysis based on an original dataset that combines information on environmental and digital patent applications with information on GHG emissions from highly polluting plants for the period 2007–2016 at the metropolitan region level in the European Union and the UK. Results show that the local development of environmental technologies reduces GHG emissions, while the local development of digital technologies increases them, albeit in the latter case different technologies seem to have different impacts on the environment, with big data and computing infrastructures being the most detrimental. We also find differential impacts across regions depending on local endowment levels of the respective technologies: the beneficial effect of environmental technologies is stronger in regions with large digital technology endowments and, conversely, the detrimental effect of digital technologies is weaker in regions with large green technology endowments. Policy actions promoting the “twin” transition should take this evidence into account, in light of the potential downside of the digital transformation when not combined with the green transformation.

Carbon dots for all-in-one detection and degradation: The role of photoinduced electron transfer

Using organic pollutants as natural electron transfer mediators and carbon dots (CDs) as photosensitizers for integrated monitoring and purification of contaminants is a new game-changing idea. We herein first reported a novel dual-functional platform of detection and degradation based on the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process between tetracycline (TC) and CDs. On the one hand, CDs can be used as fluorescence probes for TC detection with good sensitivity and selectivity. On the other hand, they display an excellent photodegradation ability for TC without any external photosensitizer or cocatalyst. Studies suggested that the PET process is beneficial for the transfer of electrons from TC to CDs, which further accelerates electron transfer and suppresses the recombination of electron-hole pairs, thereby improving the fluorescence quenching efficiency and photocatalytic activity. We believe this study can offer referable directions and theoretical guidance for the development of effective environmental pollution control and remediation technologies using CDs.

Does improvement in green growth influence the development of environmental related technology?

The present study examines the impact of green growth on environmental related technology (EO) innovation by deploying dynamic panel threshold regression on panel dataset of 32 countries over a period of 2000 and 2015. The study findings show that 1% increase in CO 2 Productivity on the national average would lead to increase in environmental technology innovation. Similarly, if environmental policy strengthening (EPS) of the average country is above the threshold then a 1% rise in (EPS) would lead to increase in (EO) innovation. However, a rise in renewable energy supply (RE) has no statistically significant impact on (EO) innovation. Hence, innovations in (EO) are encouraged at the global level that could make the process of acquiring renewable energy more environmentally sustainable for sustainable growth. Interestingly innovation in environment related technology (EO) shows an indirect relationship with the socioeconomic factor. To conclude social ties along with financial support would be essential to promote the (EO) innovation at the global level successfully.