Development Of Economic System Research Articles

Economic Understanding of Society: A Comparison of Marx and Weber

This paper explores the economic understanding of society through a comparative analysis of Karl Marx and Max Weber, two foundational figures in sociology. Marx’s theory of historical materialism posits that economic structures, comprising the forces and relations of production, fundamentally determine societal organization and development. His model emphasizes the primacy of the economic base in shaping the superstructure, which includes culture, politics, and ideology. Marx's perspective on capitalism focuses on class struggle, exploitation, and the transformative potential of revolutionary change. In contrast, Weber offers a multidimensional approach that incorporates cultural and ideological factors into the analysis of capitalism. His concept of the "Protestant Ethic" illustrates how religious values influenced the development of capitalist economic systems, while his broader framework of rationalization and bureaucracy highlights the complex interplay between economic and non-economic elements in modern society. Weber’s view of social stratification as a combination of class, status, and party further contrasts with Marx’s more economically centered analysis. This comparative study reveals the distinct methodologies and conceptual frameworks of Marx and Weber, enriching the understanding of economic structures and their implications for social organization and change.

Preferential territories in the spatial development of regional economic systems

Preferential territories in the spatial development of regional economic systems

Development of national economic systems in the context of transformation of globalization and regionalization processes

Relevance. In the context of the formation of a multipolar world and the increasing sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries, Russia needs to adjust the models of integration into the system of world economic relations. In this context, an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms of internationalization, globalization and regionalization is required.The purpose is to consider the peculiarities of the impact of globalization and regionalization processes on national economies, taking into account the transformation of their internationalization models.Objectives: to consider the concepts of internationalization, regionalization and globalization, to identify their relationship; to identify the advantages and disadvantages of globalization, on the basis of which to describe the directions of transformation of forms of internationalization of economies; based on the analysis of available statistical data, to identify promising areas of integration of the national economy into the system of world economic relations.Methodology. The methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, monographic and retrospective analysis, methods of comparing economic phenomena and processes, methods of abstraction, generalization of analyzed economic information are used.Results. The internationalization of national economies is a long-term sustainable trend. Their development is confirmed by sufficiently convincing quantitative data. Recently, the dynamics of the corresponding time series has become unstable, volatile and turbulent, with a tendency to decrease the level of indicators. There are transformations of the processes of globalization and regionalization, they acquire not only a new quality, but also institutional consolidation.Conclusions. The traditional model of globalization has exhausted itself. Due to the formation of a multipolar political and economic global space, in addition to the "center" and "periphery", countries of the "semi-periphery" stand out in it. They have sufficient economic sovereignty to refuse to participate in globalization projects, the balance of effects of which for these countries becomes negative. Russia is one of these countries. An additional incentive for reconfiguring the Russian model of internationalization of the economy is the anti-Russian sanctions imposed by the countries of the "center". In this regard, it is necessary to open up new opportunities for the national economy to integrate into the global economic space based on models of regionalization and glocalization.

Legal problems of state regulation economic activities in a special period

The paper reveals the role and problems of determining the peculiarities of solving legal problems of state regulation of economic activity in a special period as one of the conditions for the development of a modern democratic society. A detailed study of this issue was conducted, aspects of the regulatory and legal environment and the problems of Ukrainian business work in such difficult conditions were considered. The last few years, the most difficult in the history of the state, have shown that there is a need to move from direct administrative assistance to the formation of a favorable economic and social environment for the improvement of mechanisms and tools for stimulating the development of business entities. It is the priority of state regulation and support of entrepreneurship in such conditions that will provide an opportunity not only to preserve business, but also to expand it with a simultaneous increase in the number of jobs, which is one of the foundations of the functioning of the welfare state. Any difficulties in economic activity quite often give rise to new opportunities for growth, the economy is being restructured, new niches are opening that can be used for growth, and in the future, filling the state and local budgets. The historical experience of the states that have gone through the war shows that the economic system and business development is a key area of further reform and modernization, and the main goal of this process is to create favorable conditions for economic activity, to activate the investment potential of the country and to create comfortable conditions for the functioning of the capital involved. One of the fundamental elements of creating a favorable business environment in Ukraine is the deregulation of economic activity, that is, the maximum simplification of business and government cooperation, the formation of a free market, a transparent permit system, and partnership relations with state regulatory and supervisory bodies. An important aspect of state regulation of economic activity in a special period of state development is, first of all, the conscious formation by state structures of appropriate direct and indirect business support tools, in particular, the creation of incentives, the use of material, financial and other resources that are attracted to its subjects. Special attention was paid to the need to develop and implement specialized legal acts that would regulate the protection of business activities in such emergency situations.

Comparative study on the prediction of the unconfined compressive strength of the one-part geopolymer stabilized soil by using different hybrid machine learning models

With the development of green, low-carbon, and sustainable economic systems, the issues of high pollution and energy consumption in construction materials have become increasingly prominent. This study focuses on adopting one-part geopolymer (OPG) in soil stabilization for underground engineering, which exhibits environmental and low-carbon advantages. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) serves as a crucial parameter for assessing stabilized soil’s performance. However, it is necessary to conduct a large number of experiments, inducing high costs and time consumption. In this study, one multiple linear regression model, one Decision Tree (DT) model, five ensemble machine learning (ML) models (i.e. Random Forest [RF], Extra Tree [ET], Gradient Boosting [GB], Gradient Boosting Decision Tree [GBDT], and Extreme Gradient Boosting [XGBoost]), and hybrid models of those single ensemble models with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) (i.e. PSO-RF, PSO-ET, PSO-GB, PSO-GBDT, and PSO-XGBoost) were adopted and compared to achieve better prediction on the UCS of the OPG-stabilized soil. Furthermore, the interpretable method including SHAP and PDP (1D and 2D), was employed to investigate the precise mechanisms by which input parameters influenced the output label. The results revealed that the multiple linear regression model delivered the lowest accuracy, and PSO-XGBoost and PSO-ET exhibited the best performance on the prediction of the UCS with R2 value of 0.9964 and 0.9928, respectively. In addition, Curing time exerted the most significant impact on the UCS, followed by FA/GGBFS, Molarity, Water/Binder, and NaOH/Precursor. Compared to the SHAP method, the PDP offered a more intuitive approach to reveal the relationship between the inputs and output. The outcome of the study shed new light on the application of ML models in the prediction of the OPG-stabilized soil’s performance in underground engineering.

Targeted poverty alleviation promotes sustainable socio-economic and ecological development in China's poor areas

Ending extreme poverty and achieving sustainable development by 2030 poses a significant challenge for developing countries. In the past decade, China has pioneered the Targeted Poverty Alleviation (TPA) strategy and implemented a range of anti-poverty programs, aiming to reconcile poverty reduction with environmental restoration. However, the effectiveness of the TPA strategy in facilitating sustainable development in the poor areas of China (PAC) remains unclear. Drawing on a perspective of systems, this study compiles a panel dataset of 832 nationally designated poverty-stricken counties in China from 2013 to 2020 and employ the coupling coordination degree model to examine the coupling and coordination relationships among economic, social, and environmental systems in the PAC. We find that during the TPA period, the socioeconomic level developed rapidly, while the environmental quality was slightly improved in the PAC. The TPA strategy promotes the coordinated development of social, economic, and ecological systems in the PAC, shifting the relationship between human and environment from imbalance to coordination. Our findings underscore the necessity for the Chinese government to persist in its environmental restoration efforts in the PAC to guarantee a sustained development progress.

Development Of Economic Mathematics Learning System Through Master Model For Students Of Economic Education Study Program

The purpose of this study is 1) to identify the need for the development of an Economic Mathematics Learning System through the MASTER Model for students of the Economic Education Study Program in participating in the learning process, 2) to develop a tool for making Economic Mathematics Learning System Development through the MASTER Model for students of the Economic Education Study Program in following the process learning, and 3) measuring or knowing the validity of the Economic Mathematics Learning System through the MASTER Model for students of the Economic Education Study Program in participating in the lesson. The study results found that the validation of material experts and learning system experts (learning models), it can be seen that results of the validation of material experts are 4,44 or good and the results of validation by media experts are 4.33 or good. The results of interviews with lecturers and students as a whole showed good responses to the use of the MASTER learning model in the learning process.

REGIONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DETERIORATION OF THE NATURAL CONDITIONS OF HEAT AND MOISTURE SUPPLY OF THE TERRITORY IN THE CONDITIONS OF MAINTAINING THE SUSTAINABLE FUNCTIONING OF ECONOMY SYSTEMS IN THE TERRITORY OF TERNOPIL REGION

The publication examines the influence of regional manifestations of the deterioration of natural conditions (moisture supply and unfavorable thermal parameters) on agricultural management. Global climate changes are superimposed by regional manifestations of adverse processes, such as the emission of greenhouse gases generated by an unbalanced land structure, in which we observe an excessive share of arable land. Excessive plowing of the territory leads to increased production of greenhouse gases by arable land, which complicates the manifestation of the greenhouse effect at the local level. Data on the structure of land plots of Ternopil region and Borsukiv territorial community are given. Attention is drawn to the map scheme of changes in the moisture supply of the territory of Ukraine, according to which a very wet climatic annual balance will be preserved only in the mountainous part of the Carpathians, Ternopil region will go from wet to insufficiently wet in its southeastern part, and over time, according to the forecast of 2100, to an insufficiently wet balance in the greater its territory At the same time, about 55% of the southeastern regions are threatened by dry and very dry climatic annual balance. According to the authors, the search for ways to solve the problem can be found in the optimization of land use. The algorithm of the optimization model is prescribed in the methodology of Professor Mykhailo Grodzynskii and consists in determining and ranking the development priorities of the research area and achieving a scientifically justified ratio between natural and anthropogenic land areas. Based on the materials of the Borsukiv territorial community, an optimization model of land use was created, according to which it is proposed to reduce the share of arable land from 65% to 45% due to the removal of heavily eroded and poorly productive lands from the arable wedge and their transfer to liming and afforestation, the share of which in the land use structure of the territorial community increased respectively 21% and 23%. Such optimization measures will ensure the transition from the emission of greenhouse gases by land to their assimilation by forest and meadow vegetation. Increasing the share of forests by 14% will contribute to a 5% increase in precipitation of local origin, which is especially important for stabilizing the water balance of the territory. An increase in the share of natural vegetation will contribute to the maintenance of ecological balance, restoration of biotic and landscape diversity, improved water balance, and natural living conditions of the population.Increasing or stabilizing the degree of humidification of territories under the conditions of global and regional climate changes is becoming an important scientific and applied problem, the solution of which requires the development and implementation of strategic tasks of sustainable development at the levels of regional, administrative and district territorial entities, the level of territorial communities, Starosty districts. Taking into account the priority criteria for the development of territorial entities is the first stage of optimizing the use of nature in these administrative-territorial entities. The second stage of the landscape and ecological optimization of territories is the substantiation of the ratio of natural and anthropogenic lands. Land optimization will contribute to tireless use of nature and the balancing of basic natural processes with anthropogenic ones. In the future, we envisage the creation of optimization models of land use for all territorial communities of the region, which will optimize the development of natural and economic systems. Keywords: regional manifestations of climatic conditions, land use structure, optimization, territorial community.

Russian Logistics and Supply Chain Management: Challenges and Relevant Solutions

Relevance of the research. The article considers a forced paradigm shift and systemic restructuring of Russian logistics due to the introduction of sanctions barriers and partial trade blockade, which, in addition to restricting Russian exports and imports, threatens digital technological transformations in supply chain management and occurs against the backdrop of tightening international environmental requirements for business activities, including logistics.The purpose of the research is to review changes taking place in Russian logistics and to analyze corresponding solutions for supply chain management.Design, methods, information base. The methodological framework of the research consists of fundamentals of logistics and supply chain management, elements of economic systems digital development concept and basic principles of ecological economics. The main research methods are collecting information from secondary sources, practicing experts in-depth interviewing, specialists surveying, computer content and PESTEL analysis. The methodological basis is formed by the basics of logistics and supply chain management, elements of the concept of digital development of economic systems and basic principles of ecological economy. The information base of the research consisted of interview transcripts, survey results, bibliographic documents, and Internet text files.Findings. As a result of the work, external challenges and influencing factors are identified, internal processes, drivers and trends characteristic of Russian logistics and supply chain management today are identified and described. Relevant decisions made by Russian logisticians in the current period are systematized and evaluated. The flexibility and sustainability of supply chains was confirmed, as well as the high adaptability of Russian logistics to radical transformation of business environment and operating conditions.Originality/value of the research. The study showed that despite the deglobalization of Russian logistics, it remains possible to manage any cargo delivery to Russia from anywhere in the world. The material may be useful both to Russian logistics practitioners and to persons studying or teaching the discipline “Logistics”.

Revealing the contribution of corporate sustainability practices to financial performance: Case of BIST Sustainability 25 Index companies

The purpose of the paper is to study the impact of corporate sustainability practices on the financial performance of companies included in the BIST Sustainability 25 Index. To assess the efficiency and quality of corporate sustainability, general (ESG Disclosure Index) and partial (Environmental Disclosure Index, Social Disclosure Index, and Corporate Governance Disclosure Index) indices were used, calculated based on content analysis of sustainability reports. Based on the two given types of indices and four types of financial performance indicators (return on assets, return on equity, assets turnover ratio, and Tobin’s Q), two types of regression models (GEN models and PART models) were built, and eight analytical models were examined. Company size and leverage were included as control variables in each model. The regression analysis results were contradictory, partially confirming the conclusions of some scientists and refuting the findings of others. A study of GEN models revealed that companies implementing more effective general corporate sustainability practices have a significant positive impact only on return on equity; as for other measures (return on assets, assets turnover ratio, and Tobin’s Q), an insignificant relationship between them and ESG Disclosure Index was found. Results of the PART models analysis revealed a significant positive effect of the Social Disclosure Index on return on equity and assets turnover ratio and a negative relationship between the Corporate Governance Disclosure Index and assets turnover ratio. Using control variables for the two types of models showed a significant negative effect of company size on Tobin’s Q. AcknowledgmentThis study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine within the project “Development of a mechanism for the sustainable development of economic systems in the conditions of military operations and post-war recovery of the economy” (Registration number of the project: 0124U000463).

Современные теории экономического роста: сравнительный анализ

The article analyzes modern theories of economic growth within the framework of various conceptual directions: neo-Keynesian, neoclassical, empirical, as well as new theories of growth. Within the framework of system analysis, the determinants of modern economic growth are analyzed within the framework of the designated theoretical directions. A set of main factors (endogenous and exogenous), justified by these theories and models existing within their framework, has been identified that stimulate an increase in the rate of economic growth or contribute to its slowdown. Determination of the essential characteristics of modern theories of economic growth (models existing within their framework or being their synthesis), their large-scale comparative analysis, systematization according to various criteria (according to the level of scientific knowledge, from the position of the factor approach, according to the theory’s affiliation with economic schools and directions); from the positions of level gradation (studies of world economic growth, national, regional level); on taking into account STP (scientific and technological progress) in models of economic growth; on factors of an endogenous nature; on the type of uniformity of economic growth; from the position of involving additional resources; number of economic sectors (one-sector, two-sector and three-sector models); based on various types of market situations (perfect and monopolistic competition); the use of spatial econometrics methods; other models (do not belong to certain general criteria), made it possible to determine important indicators of the development of the economies of the world in aggregate form and assess the adaptation of the world economy as a whole to modern challenges and threats dictated by digitalization processes and increased productivity. The analysis and classification of existing models of economic growth made it possible to generalize and determine the main promising directions for the further development of economic systems at various levels of their functioning.

Innovation Ecosystem as a Factor in Sustainable Development of the Regional Economy

Relevance. The innovation ecosystem is currently the vector for the development of innovation activity in the regional economic system. In the context of the emergence of destabilizing external factors and economic instability in the state, innovative activity acquires a key role associated with the formation of economic stability at the macro, meso and micro levels, helping to counter external threats and challenges. It has a particular influence on the development of the regional economic system, ensuring the growth of the level of enterprises and economic sectors through the production of high-tech products. Thus, stimulating the growth of competitiveness, both at the level of enterprises and the region as a whole. The innovation ecosystem is a condition for achieving the effectiveness of innovation, thanks to the process management system in the innovation cycle, from the generation and production of an innovative product, to its implementation and promotion, thereby expressing the relevance and practical significance of this phenomenon in conditions of economic instability. The purpose of the study was to determine the functional characteristics and influence of the innovation ecosystem on the processes of innovation in the region, as a necessary condition for the integration of elements of the Concept of Sustainable Development.Objectives. The study set and consistently solved the following objectives: conduct a theoretical review of the concept of “innovation ecosystem” and study approaches to its theoretical understanding; identify its structural units and relationships between its elements and formulate a model of the functioning of the region’s innovation ecosystem; assess the impact of the innovation ecosystem in the process of integrating elements of sustainable development and test it using the example of the Vladimir region.Methodology. The work used methods of statistical, graphical and logical analysis, generalization, and systematization of data.Results. Based on a theoretical review, a model of the functioning of the region's innovation infrastructure was obtained, and its influence was determined when integrating elements of the Concept of Sustainable Development into the regional economic system of the Vladimir region.Conclusions. When conducting the study, it was concluded that the integration of the innovation ecosystem into the regional economic system helps to increase the indicators of innovative products produced, and will create conditions for the implementation of the goals of the concept of sustainable development in the region.

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN REGULATING JOINT VENTURE RELATIONS: SEARCH FOR EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENTS FOR THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE

The subject of the study is the conceptual, legislative and theoretical provisions in the field of legal regulation of contractual relations in the implementation of joint activities in Ukraine and some European countries, as well as in the field of using the structure of joint activities as a special type of economic relations in the conduct of business. Methodology. General scientific methods were used in the research process. The comparative method was used to compare the legislative approaches to the legal regulation of contractual relations in the joint activities of Germany, France, Poland, Moldova and Ukraine. The analysis was used to determine the specifics of legislative approaches to the legal regulation of contractual relations for the implementation of joint activities in these countries, to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Synthesis was used to determine the methodological principles of legal regulation of joint activities. Induction and deduction were used to determine the basic principles of the functioning of civil legal partnerships with the aim of carrying out joint activities by their participants. The aim of the article is to propose concrete ways of improving the Ukrainian legal mechanism of contractual regulation of joint activity relations in order to ensure prompt and efficient post-war reconstruction of destroyed infrastructure facilities, the success of the process of recodification of the civil legislation of Ukraine and its harmonisation with the legislation of the EU countries. The results of the study have shown that, in general, the Ukrainian legislative approach to the legal regulation of relations on the implementation of joint activities is the most liberal and dispositive in comparison with the corresponding approaches of the European countries, which confirms the opinion that it is necessary to understand the agreement on joint activities as an effective legal and economic instrument for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, based on the consolidation of human efforts and resources (capital) for the achievement of a common goal. Conclusion. In order to improve the national legislative approach to the legal regulation of relations on joint activities on a contractual basis and to harmonise it with the provisions of European legislation, it is advisable to enshrine the following provisions by way of borrowing: 1) the prohibition of participants to engage in any activity that may be detrimental to the company, including the prohibition of competition; 2) the possibility of depriving a participant of the right to manage the company by a court decision if there is a valid reason, in particular as a result of a gross breach of duty; 3) the right of a participant to withdraw from a limited partnership if there are valid reasons and the invalidity of the objection to this effect; 4) the establishment of a basic list of the essential terms of a simple partnership agreement. This will undoubtedly have a direct impact on improving the institution of joint ventures as an important tool for the development of Ukraine's economic system in the post-war environment, especially in the context of investing in Ukrainian business and rebuilding the destroyed infrastructure.

Assessment of Innovative Development of Regions in the Context of Structural Transformation of the Economy

Today, the development of economic systems is taking place in an era of transformations that lead to the formation of new economic models. Russia is no exception here. The main impetus for the transformation processes in our country’s economy was the anti-Russian sanctions directly related to political events from the United States, Canada, European and other countries. All this poses threats to Russia’s political, economic and social security. Therefore, in modern realities caused by sanctions pressure, the key strategic task of overcoming crisis phenomena and shocks is the formation of a new industrialization based on domestic innovations. It is important to assess the innovative potential of the regions in order to further develop management decisions. The authors proposed and tested a methodological approach to assessing the level of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The algorithm of this approach includes sampling official statistical data, determining localization coefficients, averaging and evaluating their dynamics. It was determined that in the period 2011-2022, less than a third of Russian regions improved their economic efficiency and innovation localization indicators. The leading regions of innovative development have a high level of localization of the studied characteristics. Regions characterized by low localization coefficients are traditionally lagging behind and have low indicators of economic, including innovative development. The problems of innovative development of regions under the influence of transformational processes are very multidimensional, therefore, in the limited space of this article, only an assessment of innovative development based on the author’s methodological approach is given.

Implementation of Economic and Fiscal Systems (Case Study of the Umayyad Period)

During the Umayyad period, policies emerged in the form of development of the Islamic economic system in terms of stock trading, murabahah, muzara'ah, and the work of Al Kharaj. His government. This article uses a qualitative literature review approach by collecting data from a number of literature-based books, which will then be reviewed and processed to obtain appropriate findings. This technique is known as the documentation method.The results and discussion of the article are that during the Umayyad Daulah era, Islamic economic development policies emerged in the form of increasing economic growth and development, namely trade, agriculture and industry, fiscal reform and currency creation. The development of Islamic economic thought during the Umayyad Daulah period. During the reign of the 3 caliphates, namely the First Caliph Mu'awiyah Bin Abu Sofyan, he was able to implement progressive policies and bring success to the Muslim economy at that time. Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sofyan was a figure who was skilled at being an organizer and drafter, this skill was able to reduce the chaos at that time well, and was able to build a Muslim society with good order; The second caliph, Abdul Malik bin Marwan, during his leadership, policies included: 1. Currency Issuance 2. Postal Institutions 3. Restrictions on Urbanization 2 4. Agriculture 5. Trade 6. Kharaj and Zakat; The third caliph, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, during his leadership, policies included: 1. Eliminating discrimination 2. Zakat 3. Administration 4. Agriculture 5. Kharaj and Jizyah.

Is India ready for fundamental right to health?

The right to health, a vital indicator of human development and thus, the economic and social development, has been an age-old phenomenon in India. Although, no explicit recognition to the right to health or healthcare has been given under the Indian constitution, the hon’ble supreme court, through various judicial interpretations, has repeatedly observed that right to health is a part of fundamental right to life and personal liberty enshrined under article 21. However, the fundamental policy question being raised in recent years is whether to guarantee health as a separate fundamental right in India. The issues for consideration are multifarious, the most important being- whether we have reached the level of economic and health systems development so as to make this a justiciable right-implying that its denial is an offense.

Methodology of Monitoring Social and Economic Development in Regional Economic Systems (illustrated by the Altay Area)

The article studies such notions as ‘methodology’, ‘regional economic system’, ‘monitoring of regional economic system’. The author provides his own definition of the notion ‘monitoring of social and economic development of regional economic systems’ and highlighted 6 key stages of its conducting: organizational, information collection, information preparation, data analysis, forecasting and modeling, conclusion preparation and their publication. As an example of monitoring the author chose a regional program, which affects directly the development of social component of the regional economic system, in particular, the achievement of high standard of living at the expense of cutting poverty rate and raising real income of the population. The author conducted analysis by the proposed methodology using open sources of information. In this analysis he used the method of standard values with estimation of the program implementation efficiency. On the basis of monitoring results a conclusion was drawn about the efficiency of the given regional program in the Altay area in view of high figures of efficiency by set goals and indicators of the regional program.

Ensuring sustainable development by prioritizing national economic interests

Aim. To develop recommendations on the formation of a national model of sustainable development of the Russian economy based on the identification of its key vectors, components in the conditions of external and internal shocks and changes caused by the transformation of strategic guidelines for sustainable development.Objectives. To analyze the peculiarities of the implementation of the global concept of sustainable development of the United Nations (UN) under the influence of deglobalization processes; to substantiate the need to transform the established foundations of sustainable development of economic systems in order to ensure the national economic interests of Russia; to propose the author’s approach to the formation of the structure and content of the national model of sustainable development of economic systems; to build a scheme of interaction between different levels of the economic system, ensuring the development of the national model of sustainable development of economic systems.Methods. In the course of the research we applied general scientific methods and techniques: analysis and synthesis, generalization of practical experience, expert assessments, comparison, abstraction and concretization, monitoring, modeling.Results. Based on the analysis of modern processes of deglobalization, the necessity of changing the structure and content of the concept of sustainable development of the Russian economy in the conditions of external shocks caused by the transformation of the global agenda of sustainable development was substantiated. The author’s approach to the formation of the structure and content of the national model of sustainable development of economic systems is proposed, which supplements the current triad of sustainable development (economy, ecology and social sphere) with innovation and institutional components and is scalable to the meso(regions) and micro-level (enterprises). The structure of the model sets socio-economic security, innovation security and the quality of the institutional environment in the conditions of external and internal shocks as controllable parameters, focusing on the creation of conditions for convergent convergence of meso-level systems. The scheme of organization of interaction between macro-, mesoand microlevels of the economic system is constructed, in which at the macrolevel the foundations of sustainable development of the country’s economy on the basis of national interests are set, management and control of mechanisms of sustainable development of economic systems of other levels are organized, and at the mesolevel the multiplier effect is provided for in the implementation of economic mechanisms of interaction of all elements of the regional ecosystem; the key task of the microlevel is the implementation of effective management of the regional ecosystem.Conclusions. Sustainable development of the Russian economy in the current conditions of global challenges is a complex task, the solution of which requires a systemic and holistic approach based on the prioritization of national economic interests. The proposed model, which determines the general guidelines at the macro level, suggests the organization of interaction of all three levels of the economy (macro-, mesoand micro-) with the provision of multiplier effect at the meso level, which requires the elaboration of adaptation mechanisms to the conditions of regional ecosystems and the specifics of business entities, suggests the continuation of the study.

Modeling the impact of the agricultural sector on the development of the regional economic systems

The purpose of the article is to study the role of the agricultural sector in the development of regional economic systems. The article uses general scientific and specific research methods, including: abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization, statistical and comparative analysis, dialectical and graphic. Within the framework of the study, it is proposed to investigate the impact of the agricultural sector on the regions’ development using the correlation-regression analysis method. The use of the specified methodology made it possible to simulate the regularity of the influence of the volume of agricultural products sold on the gross regional product. The authors investigated the challenges faced by the agricultural sector since the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine, among which the following are highlighted: the danger of the farmers’ work, limited access to land plots, equipment, fuel and fertilizers, minefields of agricultural land, crop decline, significant economic losses, insufficient resources, destroyed or damaged agricultural enterprises. The share of regions in agricultural production was analyzed, the leader and the outsider regions were distinguished. The study analyzed the impact of the agricultural sector on the development of the Carpathian Economic Region of Ukraine, which includes the Lviv, Chernivtsi, Transcarpathian and Ivano-Frankivsk regions. The results of the study demonstrate a significant relationship between the parameters of the volume of agricultural products sold and the gross regional product in Lviv (0.8801), Chernivtsi (0.8962), Transcarpathian (0.9674) and Ivano-Frankivsk (0.8985) regions. Also, the results of the calculations prove that the defined regression model is significant and corresponds as closely as possible to the real functioning model for all four regions.

The Influence of Investments in Science and Technology on the Innovative Development of the Global Economic System

The Influence of Investments in Science and Technology on the Innovative Development of the Global Economic System