Assessment of Innovative Development of Regions in the Context of Structural Transformation of the Economy

The article examines the influence of sanctions pressure from the collective West on the economic system of Russia and especially on the Samara region. The authors offer different points of view on this problem: some argue that sanctions have caused irreparable damage to the economy, while others believe that they can become a unique chance for the development of the domestic economic system. The article examines the change in the trajectory of the development of innovative activities of Russian enterprises in the context of sanctions. The author draws attention to the sharp deterioration of relations between Russia, the European Union and the United States, which led to the introduction of additional sanctions aimed at restricting access to important technologies and materials for the development of the Russian economy. The article analyzes the consequences of the economic blockade and restrictions imposed on Russian enterprises and examines the prospects for the development of innovations in these conditions. The main idea of the article is that the sanctions pressure significantly complicates the innovative activities of Russian enterprises. The author analyzes various aspects of this problem, including limited access to new technologies and materials, instability of foreign trade, lack of international cooperation and difficulties in obtaining financing. The author uses various arguments to back up his conclusions. He refers to research data on the impact of sanctions on the Russian economy and innovation, gives examples of Russian companies, in particular, industrial enterprises of the Samara region, which faced restrictions in the development of their innovations. The main topic of the article is the impact of sanctions pressure on the innovative activities of Russian enterprises. Analyzing this problem, the author emphasizes the need to find new ways and strategies for the development of innovations in the face of sanctions, including the search for alternative sources of technology, strengthening domestic innovation potential and active international cooperation. The article focuses on the prospects of innovative activity of industrial enterprises in the face of unprecedented sanctions pressure. To analyze the impact of sanctions measures on the innovative activities of industrial enterprises of the Samara region, economic data for the Samara region for the period from 2010 to 2023 are presented. The imposition of sanctions by the countries of the collective West against the Russian Federation has led to a violation of the established system of economic relations and, as a result, to the formation of a new one. To accomplish such a large-scale task, it is necessary to carry out systematic reform of various institutions in order to increase the innovative activity of domestic enterprises.

Abstract. Singh AK, Kumar S, Jyoti B. 2022. Influence of climate change on agricultural sustainability in India: A State-wise panel data analysis. Asian J Agric 6: 15-27. This study developed Economic Efficiency Index (EEI), Social Equity Index (SEI) and Ecological Security Index (ESI) as an assessment of Agricultural Sustainability Index (ASI) in 17 Indian states during 1990-2017. The Composite Z-Score method was used to integrate 32 different economic, social, and ecological security factors to create ASI, EEI, SEI, and ESI. Subsequently, it examined the impact of climatic factors on ASI using linear, log-linear, and non-linear regression model through state-wise panel data during the said period. The descriptive results indicate that agricultural sustainability was positively associated with economic efficiency, social equity, and ecological security. Therefore, factors related to economic efficiency, social equity and ecological security would be helpful to improve sustainability in the Indian agricultural sector. Furthermore, there was high diversity in economic efficiency, social equity, and ecological security across the Indian state. The ratio of agriculture Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and gross irrigated area with the gross sown area, landholding size, a yield of food-grain and oilseed crops, and cropped area under food-grain crops were observed to be the most influencing factors of economic efficiency. Total literacy rate, female literacy rate and rural literate population were the most crucial factors to improve social equity. Ecological security was improved with increased forest area, pastureland and cropping intensity. Furthermore, the empirical results also showed that maximum temperature had a negative influence; and economic efficiency, social equity, and ecological security positively influenced agricultural sustainability in India. Therefore, India needs to take effective climate policy action to mitigate the negative impact of climate change in the agricultural sector and its allied activities to increase sustainable agricultural development in India. Subsequently, this study provided several policy suggestions to reduce climate change risk in the Indian agricultural sector.

Theoretical and methodological approaches to ensuring sustainable innovative development are the basis for ensuring the economic security of the country. Many years of experience in industrially developed countries indicate a significant positive impact of innovative development of national economic systems on the sustainability and efficiency of national economic development, its competitiveness, determines economic growth, and, consequently, affects national economic security. The specificity of innovative development in Belarus is expressed in a fairly low innovative activity of economic entities, which causes destructive shifts towards material-intensive industries and creates threats to the economic security of the country. The task of studying the impact of innovative development on the level of economic security of the country, as well as identifying ways to stimulate innovative development, is relevant and important. The aggravation of international conflicts and the growth of economic instability in the world emphasizes the scientific significance of the study. Innovative development strengthens the economic security of national economic systems, increases the competitiveness of the state, which ensures the sovereignty and independence of its socio-economic development, as well as the protection of national interests in the event of both external and internal threats to economic security. In real time, the main aspects of economic security of the national economic system occupy an important place in world economic science, which determines the interest and relevance of studying economic security issues on the part of scientists from different countries. The purpose of the scientific article is a theoretical and methodological analysis of the role of innovative development of Belarus in ensuring its economic security. The basis of the study was the work of Belarusian and foreign scientists in the field of economic security of the state.

In modern conditions, the development of the world economic system is due primarily to innovative processes associated with the creation and implementation of advanced advances in science and technology. Therefore, the sphere of innovation has become the most important resource of the state, the efficiency of which determines the dynamics and progressive development of the national economy. In this regard, the intensification of innovative activities of economic entities becomes a necessary condition for the realization of national interests in the economic security of the country. Innovative development of economic entities in the economy is one of the most important processes that ensure its safe integration into the global economic space. In the modern economic literature there are not enough publications devoted to the substantiation of the place and role of innovative development in the process of ensuring economic security. Despite the special attention paid to the issues of economic and national security abroad, studies of this problem in the foreign economic literature have not become widespread. The paper investigates various scientific approaches to determining the essence of innovations and examines their place in the structure of economic security factors of economic entities. Based on the selection of groups of factors that affect economic security, the paper presents its decomposition into relevant areas of security. The study of innovation as a factor of economic security in the article is based on clarifying the content of innovation as an economic category. The paper analyzes two fundamentally different approaches to understanding the essence of innovation: innovation as a result and innovation as a process. To obtain the most complete idea of the essence of innovation, as well as to identify the best conditions for their creation and introduction into economic practice, theoretical approaches to the emergence of innovation are considered. It is determined that in the most general form of the innovation model can be divided into linear and interactive models. The term "innovation" has been clarified and supplemented in terms of ensuring sustainable development, which is based on the environmental imperative of economic development.

The intensity of discussion of issues of ensuring economic security at the country level increases with the increasing impact of negative factors from both the external and internal environment. The formulation of challenges to the economic security of the Russian Federation becomes the starting point for determining measures to counter the identified threats and risks to economic security. At the same time, it is necessary to consider that the measures being implemented cannot be considered in isolation from the current processes of socio-economic development and following a certain course of the national economy. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to identify specific features of the ensuring economic security of Russia process in the context of sanctions pressure. To achieve this goal, the methods of comparative, retrospective, institutional and regulatory analysis, as well as tools of the system approach and special methods of studying economic security (indicative, threshold, etc.) were used. As a result of the study, it was established that the efforts taken to counter threats and challenges to the country’s economic security should be built into the economic development model, which requires the development of a mechanism for overcoming the emerging negative trends, as well as closer intercountry integration. That is, it is recommended to involve the potential of friendly countries that are part of various integration groups, of which Russia is a member, in solving the problems of economic security of Russia. As a main conclusion, it should be noted that the importance of a comprehensive solution to the problems of achieving sustainable economic dynamics is exacerbated in the context of the modern period of development of the Russian Federation, when it is under active sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries of the “collective West”. Accordingly, it is necessary to strengthen state regulation in the area under consideration.

Introduction. It has been proven that the development of modern technologies affects the functioning and ensuring the efficiency of economic processes both at the level of the state and economic entities. Unfortunately, in modern conditions, there is a slowdown or decrease in the main economic indicators of development, especially the presented processes are manifested at enterprises in the construction sector. In particular, the dynamics of the index of completed construction works and the production of construction products are unstable, the total area of residential and non-residential buildings is decreasing. In this context, the development and implementation of modern technologies affecting the development of construction enterprises is of particular importance. An urgent issue is the development and application of an intelligent economic system as a complex toolkit that ensures the efficiency and potential of construction enterprises, taking into account the influence of spatial, urban planning, environmental, economic and other factors. The goal is research on determining directions of development and application of the intelligent economic system of construction enterprises. To achieve the results of the research, the tasks are solved: determination of elements of development of an intelligent economic system of construction enterprises; a description of the areas of application of the intellectual economic system. Method (methodology). To study the development of construction enterprises, methods of generalizing scientific justification, systematization, factor analysis, and construction of economic systems are used. The results. The work solves tasks related to the definition of the elements of the development of the intelligent economic system of construction enterprises and the characteristics of the areas of application of the intelligent economic system. A theoretical-methodological platform for the formation and use of an intelligent economic system is proposed, which is based on scientific provisions, information-analytical and normative-legal support for the functioning of the system, which allows the application of modern informational, intellectual and economic tools for the development of construction enterprises. An intelligent economic system of construction enterprises has been developed, which is defined by a closed type and is formed by a set of processes aimed at ensuring the optimal value of the integral indicator, taking into account economic, geospatial, safety, and social security, which made it possible to establish growth points for the development of construction enterprises.

Introduction. It has been proven that the development of modern technologies affects the functioning and ensuring the efficiency of economic processes both at the level of the state and economic entities. Unfortunately, in modern conditions, there is a slowdown or decrease in the main economic indicators of development, especially the presented processes are manifested at enterprises in the construction sector. In particular, the dynamics of the index of completed construction works and the production of construction products are unstable, the total area of residential and non-residential buildings is decreasing. In this context, the development and implementation of modern technologies affecting the development of construction enterprises is of particular importance. An urgent issue is the development and application of an intelligent economic system as a complex toolkit that ensures the efficiency and potential of construction enterprises, taking into account the influence of spatial, urban planning, environmental, economic and other factors. The goal is research on determining directions of development and application of the intelligent economic system of construction enterprises. To achieve the results of the research, the tasks are solved: determination of elements of development of an intelligent economic system of construction enterprises; a description of the areas of application of the intellectual economic system. Method (methodology). To study the development of construction enterprises, methods of generalizing scientific justification, systematization, factor analysis, and construction of economic systems are used. The results. The work solves tasks related to the definition of the elements of the development of the intelligent economic system of construction enterprises and the characteristics of the areas of application of the intelligent economic system. A theoretical-methodological platform for the formation and use of an intelligent economic system is proposed, which is based on scientific provisions, information-analytical and normative-legal support for the functioning of the system, which allows the application of modern informational, intellectual and economic tools for the development of construction enterprises. An intelligent economic system of construction enterprises has been developed, which is defined by a closed type and is formed by a set of processes aimed at ensuring the optimal value of the integral indicator, taking into account economic, geospatial, safety, and social security, which made it possible to establish growth points for the development of construction enterprises.

The conceptual bases of unification of the state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine are created in the article. The modern world economy forms the system, which relies on groups of the interconnected political and economic factors. In this regard the phenomenon when certain economic, social or political processes appear locally but extend to all world social and economic system is even more often observed. Accordingly, the identification of prerequisites and factors of ensuring of the social and economic security of Ukraine demands, first of all, streamlining of the main theoretical and methodological aspects into the uniform system within the concept of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety. The scientific works of numerous scientists are devoted to the questions of development and deployment of mechanisms of state regulation of the social and economic safety nowadays. However the question of unification of multidirectional state mechanisms of regulation of social and economic safety in Ukraine still remain insufficiently investigated. The purpose of article is formation of the conceptual bases of unification of the state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine. The structural and logical and descriptive analysis and also the process approach are applied in the research. The technology of formation of the concept of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine is developed. The properties of the concept of unification of the state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine are marked out. The model of unification of the state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety is constructed. The technology of formation of the concept of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine is developed. The specified technology includes the following levels: theoretical and methodological, model, methodical, tool and practical ones. The attention is paid to the fact that methodical level is the most powerful one in the course of formation of the concept of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine. This level provides the following actions: assessment of national social and economic security; identification of structural disproportions of development of national social and economic system; diagnostics of vectors of financial and investment factors of state ensuring of the social and economic safety; analysis of resource potential of state ensuring of the social and economic safety and assessment of the state energy security. The following properties of the concept of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety of Ukraine are marked out: orientation on realization of the principles of market economy for ensuring of high rates of economic growth; possibility of forecasting of further development of economic, demographic and political events; completeness of available tools of state administrative personnel for neutralization of negative consequences of the external and internal social and economic and political phenomena; basis for realization of strategy of sustainable development of the national social and economic system by the most effective use of all available resources. The model of unification of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic safety is constructed. The specified model provides existence of the following stages: unification of principles and priorities of ensuring of the social and economic security; unification of structure and norms of organizational and legal support of social and economic security; unification of methods and instruments of realization of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic security; unification of criteria for evaluation of efficiency of functioning of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic security; standardization of procedures of improvement of state mechanisms of ensuring of the social and economic security. The offered concept of unification of the state mechanisms on ensuring of the social and economic safety has to be based on use of integration approach and has to contain the model of the state ensuring of the social and economic safety directed on realization of the state policy on ensuring of the social and economic safety as the central element. That, in turn, will cause certain transformations in structure and degree of openness of national economy and also in the level of integration of the state into the system of the world economy.

The article substantiates the importance of economic security as an important component of the sustainable development of sectoral and territorial economic systems and complexes in the face of complex geopolitical and geoeconomic challenges. The key directions of state policy to ensure economic security through integrating security and development priorities are identified. The relationship between socio-economic stability, innovative development, and technological progress is revealed as the basis for the formation of economic security. The work highlights the multifaceted nature of economic security, its dependence on the level of development of the national economy, effective state policy, and institutional protection. Measures necessary to ensure economic stability are outlined, including stimulating innovation, protecting strategic resources, developing scientific and technical potential, ensuring cybersecurity, and combating corruption and the shadow economy. Mechanisms for supporting innovative enterprises, protecting intellectual property, and ensuring financial stability are considered. Systemic problems that limit the ability to respond quickly to internal and external threats include imperfect legal framework, corruption, information isolation, weak institutional structure, and insufficient financial transparency. Classifying economic security problems for effective management of national resources is emphasized. The main threats affecting economic security are external, economic, social, political, technological, and environmental. Approaches to overcoming these challenges are proposed by reforming economic policy, introducing innovative technologies, strengthening international cooperation, and supporting scientific and research activities. The study results reveal the need to form a comprehensive strategy for ensuring Ukraine’s economic security, which will consider the interaction of internal and external factors, particularly in military operations. Special attention is paid to ensuring the financial system’s stability, the development of strategic sectors of the economy, and creating conditions for technological breakthroughs. Keywords: economic security, innovative development, socio-economic stability, state policy, strategic resources, internal threats, external threats, problem classification.

The relevance of the article is because the modern development of the Russian banking business takes place in the context of increased competition and crisis phenomena in the financial markets. The policy of constant innovations is one of the main factors for the successful development of banking activity. Financial innovation is a crucial factor in the competitiveness and sustainable development of the banking sector. Of particular relevance is the study of trends, based on which the development of the innovative activity of banks and non-bank credit organisations is currently taking place, as well as the determination of the specifics of the innovation process in the banking sector.The purpose of the article is to conduct research on the current state of the most popular at the present stage financial innovations in the banking sector, identify trends in their development, and determine the future directions for the development of financial innovations in the Russian banking business. In this paper, we analysed analytical information, which allowed us to identify trends in the development of financial innovations in the banking sector, and determine their role in the development of the banking sector in Russia. In the course of the study, the author used the methods of analysis, synthesis, the complexity of the approach, comparison, consistency, and other methods of cognition. Based on the research results and personal experience in the development and implementation of new banking products at Unistream CB, the author predicts the future directions of development of financial innovation in the banking business.The author concludes that their introduction has an influence on the transformation process in the real and financial sectors of the Russian economy, and contributes to the organisation of their effective interaction, accelerates the development of the entire economic system of the country.The main objectives of the development of financial innovations in the banking sector at the present stage are the development and implementation of new banking products. It requires further study of the theoretical and practical aspects of introducing financial innovations, a detailed analysis of domestic and foreign experience, and needs implementation of knowledge gained in practice to modernise and organise productive interaction financial and real sectors of the Russian economy.

Digital transformation, which is aimed at increasing the share of the digital sector in the national economy, combined with the changes caused by the pandemic due to COVID-19 and large-scale military actions, provoked maximum instability in the functioning of all Ukrainian enterprises. Maintaining the viability of such a socio-economic system as an enterprise under such conditions is impossible without the development of the economic security system as the foundation of its existence. The purpose of the study was to form the basis and develop a management mechanism for the development of the enterprise's economic security system in the conditions of the digital transformation of the economy. For the development of the theoretical and methodological principles of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise, the following methods were applied: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the terms "mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise" and "development management mechanism"; synthesis and analysis – to determine the components of the mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise; morphological analysis – to develop a mechanism for the development of the enterprise's economic security system; graphic – for visual presentation of theoretical and methodical material; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. It has been found that changes in the external and internal environment cause a decrease in the effectiveness of the use of existing tools for countering destabilizing factors, thereby stimulating the improvement of methodological principles for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise. A mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise has been developed, the difference of which from the existing ones is the structure in which a number of local mechanisms are allocated. One of these mechanisms was the mechanism for managing the development of the enterprise's economic security system. The need to build such a local mechanism is justified by the need for anticipatory changes in security activities for the further digital transformation of the enterprise in accordance with the trends in increasing the share of the digital sector of the national economy. It is substantiated that the application of the management mechanism for the development of the enterprise's economic security system is designed to create the necessary favorable conditions for the further digital transformation of the enterprise in order to preserve and improve its competitive position.

The article is aimed at defining and disclosing the scientific and methodological foundations for implementing the concept of ensuring socio-economic security of enterprises in the context of innovative development. The subject of the research in the article is the scientific and methodological principles of ensuring socio-economic security of enterprises in the context of innovative development. To achieve this goal, the following theoretical methods were used: analysis of the source base, comparison, systematisation and generalisation. The category of innovative enterprise development and socio-economic security has been identified. A number of indicators may be employed to evaluate the extent of social and economic security enjoyed by an enterprise. These may be classified according to their financial, social, innovative, operational or environmental impact. This paper considers the distinctive characteristics and principal consequences of the impact of innovative development on the social and economic security of enterprises. It has been established that the scientific and methodological principles of social and economic security comprise a set of theoretical and practical tools, methods and approaches that facilitate the identification, assessment and management of risks associated with innovative activities. In the context of outlining the scientific and methodological foundations, a number of principles for developing a system of socio-economic security for the enterprise were identified and expanded upon, and a list of scientific approaches for studying and providing socio-economic security for the enterprise was provided. The importance of a systemic approach in ensuring the socio-economic security of the enterprise in the context of its innovative development is demonstrated. It is determined that the methodological principles include the development and implementation of a system of indicators for assessing the level of socio-economic security, analysis of risks associated with innovation activities. The components of methodological support for the system of socio-economic security are proposed: monitoring, evaluation, risk management. The conclusions of the study are that the innovative development of enterprises determines the competitiveness and long-term sustainability of business. The socio-economic security of an enterprise can be defined as a dynamic state of stable functioning and development in the presence of external and internal threats. This encompasses the protection of the enterprise's economic interests, the assurance of financial stability, risk management, the optimisation of resource utilisation and the enhancement of production efficiency. The concept of the relevant scientific and methodological principles can be developed on the basis of the principal approaches to the study of the socio-economic security of the enterprise, as well as the principal principles of its development, which are presented in the article.

Determining an effective strategy for innovative security development of enterprises is the main task of their operation in modern business conditions, taking into account the existing risks of such activities. The basis of functioning and selection and formation of the strategy of innovative security development is the general strategy of the enterprise, which strategy should have a comprehensive action plan of the enterprise, which will ensure the implementation of its mission and goals and be focused on improving its long-term effectiveness. The task of innovation strategies at a certain level is not only to establish the competitive advantage of the enterprise in goods and markets, but also to maintain a competitive advantage and ensure economic security. The article analyzes the existing strategies for innovative development of small and medium enterprises. The security component of such development is defined, the importance of observing the level of economic security of development of small and medium business enterprises is emphasized. The basic forms of strategic planning of innovative safe development of small and medium business enterprises are offered. Competitive strategies are closely related to the efficient use of available and potential resources and provide for customer satisfaction by gaining market leadership. The introduction of certain management technologies in the development and selection of a strategy for innovative security development of small and medium-sized businesses will build a certain algorithm of actions that can affect the level of their innovative development and economic security. The analysis of scientific views on the problems of choosing enterprise development strategies allowed to identify real approaches to finding factors influencing the level of innovative development and the level of their economic security, to determine the components of developing a strategy for innovative security development of enterprises and to offer existing management technologies. small and medium enterprises.

Methods. When conducting the study of the economic aspects of the innovative strategy of the enterprise development in conditions of macroeconomic instability, the method of scientific abstraction is used – in determining the theoretical and methodological approaches regarding the essence of the innovative type of development of production and economic systems; system approach - when using a methodical approach to the components of the innovative development management mechanism at the micro- and meso-levels. Results. The algorithm for the implementation of an innovative strategy for the development of production and economic systems at the micro- and macro-levels is defined, it is proposed to use V.E. Deming’s theory of quality improvement within the framework of the assessment of qualitative changes in development based on the innovative strategy and, based on a systemic approach, to conduct an assessment using a comprehensive indicator of innovative development; taking into account the concept of management to coordinate all phases of the mechanism of innovative development using the principles of the rule of five logistics. Novelty. The methodical approach to the assessment of the innovative development of production and economic systems at the micro- and macro-levels in the conditions of macroeconomic instability is proposed, the essence of which is reduced to the study of the algorithm for the implementation of an innovative strategy using V. E. Deming’s theory of quality improvement, which involves planning, implementation, verification and adjustment of plans; using a systematic approach to the study of the innovative model of the development of production and economic systems, it is proposed to take into account the logistic approach using quality indicators: demand, timeliness, satisfaction, deadlines, preservation, environmental friendliness, complexity, etc., and to calculate the assessment of innovative development based on a comprehensive indicator of quality improvement; within the framework of the concept of management, which includes four phases: planning, execution, control and adjustment, it is possible to coordinate all components of the mechanism of innovative development of the enterprise with the help of a whole complex of scientifically based principles. Practical value. Based on the results of the scientific research, the author proposes economic guidelines for managing the intellectual potential of an innovative enterprise, which will help to resolve the existing contradictions in the implementation of production and economic activities and will contribute to the development of innovative areas of work.

In the context of fierce global competition and sanctions pressure on the economy of the Russian Federation, research in the field of exploring, developing and implementing tools for socio-economic development of the regional economy based on innovations in order to ensure the economic security of the state is timely and relevant. The purpose of this study is to identify effective tools that allow for timely management impact on the level of innovation of the economy by identifying bottlenecks in the formation and use of the innovation potential of a separate region and the state. The scientific significance of this study lies in the consideration of the basic concepts, goals, factors and directions of development of innovation potential within the framework of the economic security system. The practical significance of the study lies in identifying the basic principles for solving a set of specific organizational and economic issues of innovation policy. To develop state policy for the development of innovativeness of the economy, a list of measures was proposed, the implementation of which should be based on an assessment of the state of economic security based on the innovativeness of the economy. To identify indicators of such an assessment, an analysis of various sources was carried out, which made it possible to identify a number of areas, namely: the quantity of innovative products in the total volume of shipped products, including for export; the quantity of innovatively active business entities in the total volume of organizations; the ratio of costs of innovative activity of business entities and the total volume of shipped innovative products; the share of costs in the sphere of knowledge economy and high-tech sector in the gross domestic product. Also, the analysis of sources allowed us to state the absence of assessment indicators that allow us to realistically assess the state of economic security and the impact of economic innovation on it.