Development Of Distance Education Research Articles

Self-Talk: Musing on Distance Education. (2023)

Self-Talk: Musings on Distance Education is a compilation of blogs and a series of reflective writings written by the author on open and distance learning (ODL) and online learning, accounting for over three decades of his experience. The cornucopia of his ideas and anecdotes pertains to the key innovations that hallmarked developments in ODL and online learning. The book shares much-needed pathways to re-imagine compromised education in the post-pandemic world. At the time of writing this book, Dr. Sanjaya Mishra worked as the director of education at the Commonwealth of Learning (CoL) in British Columbia, Canada. The book is primarily based on his prior trove of experiences as a distance educator at the sole centrally-funded open university in India, the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). The goal of this book is to understand the developments in distance education, including the changing roles of teachers and students, with critical discourse centred around IGNOU, based on lessons learned globally and specifically from engagements at the CoL. The book comprises six sections, encompassing 45 chapters.

Analysing the influencing factors of on-line studying engagement of preparatory international students: A case study of the science and technology Chinese course

With the rapid development of network technology, cross-regional on-line higher education is becoming one of the mainstream directions of distance education development. The effectiveness of on-line studying is significantly influenced by the level of learning engagement, and research on this topic can help learners by providing them with process-oriented learning support and targeted teaching interventions. Using the example of on-line Science and Technology Chinese Course for preparatory international students at four universities in China, this study collected self-reported data from 463 students using a survey method. The questionnaire was divided into two parts: the on-line studying engagement scale and the factors influencing on-line studying engagement. Descriptive statistical analysis and differential testing were conducted on the data using SPSS software, and the structural validity of the questionnaire was tested using AMOS software. With the assistance of Smart PLS, a model of the influencing factors of on-line studying engagement was constructed to explore the relationship between on-line studying engagement and its influencing factors. The study found that: The overall level of engagement in on line studying for preparatory international students is above average. In demographic factors, apart from gender, all other variables have a significant impact on on-line studying. Student-level factors will have a more significant positive impact on the degree of on-line studying engagement of preparatory international students. Among them, academic self-efficacy, basic psychological needs satisfaction, the difficulty of the on-line course, and completion of the assignment have a significant positive effect. The influence of teacher-level factors on behavioral engagement and emotional engagement is stronger than that of student-level factors. However, the emotional support of teacher-level factors, the on-line environment of environmental-level factors, and the perceived usefulness of technology of teacher-level factors have a certain negative impact on engagement in online studying. According to the research results, this paper puts forward the optimization strategies of accelerating the update frequency of Chinese learning materials, strengthening the input of on-line emotional support, and holding language learning activities with cultural characteristics. This study makes an in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of preparatory international students’ on-line Chinese studying engagement, and puts forward the optimization strategies to improve the quality of on-line studying, to provide theoretical and practical reference for the development of cross-regional on-line higher education.

Развитие электронного обучения и дистанционного образования: тенденции и перспективы

В статье рассматриваются основные аспекты развития электронного обучения и дистанционного образования. Подчеркивается увеличение доступности образования, гибкость обучения, развитие технологий и платформ, а также рассматриваются вызовы, с которыми сталкиваются эти формы обучения. Представлены перспективы для будущего электронного обучения и дистанционного образования, включая развитие более интерактивных и адаптивных платформ, расширение предложения курсов и программ, интеграцию в традиционное образование и развитие мобильных технологий. В целом электронное обучение и дистанционное образование имеют большой потенциал для развития образования и повышения доступности качественного образования. The article discusses the main aspects of the development of e-learning and distance education. The increasing accessibility of education, the flexibility of learning, the development of technologies and platforms are emphasized, and the challenges faced by these forms of education are also considered. The prospects for the future of e-learning and distance education are presented, including the development of more interactive and adaptive platforms, the expansion of the offer of courses and programs, integration into traditional education and the development of mobile technologies. In general, e-learning and distance education have great potential for the development of education and increasing the availability of quality education.

A Scale Development Study to Determine University Students' Perceptions towards Distance Education

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable Likert-type measurement tool to determine how university students perceive distance education, which they experienced during the pandemic (COVID 19) period and is becoming more widespread day by day. In addition, in line with the main purpose answers were sought to the questions how university students perceive distance education and what the variables are that affect these perceptions. This research, which was conducted to determine how university students perceive the distance education they experienced during the epidemic process and the variables affecting this perception, is in a comparative type of relational screening model.
 Methodology: The scanning model is used to detect a situation, individual or object that occurred in the past or is still ongoing, in its own conditions and as it exists. In determining the sample size, the number corresponding to 95% confidence level and 5% acceptable margin of error according to the number constituting the research population and the number corresponding to 5 times the number of items in the scale were taken as the basis. According to these criteria, the sample must be at least 350. The participants of this research are 406 students studying in Anadolu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Social Work Undergraduate Programs Turkey in the spring semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The data was collected with the “Distance Education Perception Scale” (DEPS) developed by the researcher and consists of two sections. The first part of DEPS includes 15 open and close-ended questions related to the demographic and personal information of students and their attitudes towards distance education. The second section of DEPS includes 71 statements related to perceptions towards the distance education of students on a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 5 choices, from 1=Strongly Disagree to 5=Strongly Agree. In the analysis of the data, the statistical package SPSS 21.00 was used. Exploratory Factor Analysis method and Varimax Rotation technique were used to understand whether the DEPS consists of measuring the same quality. The reliability coefficient α formula, and the relationship between the response given to each item in the scale and the total score obtained from the scale was calculated using the Item-Total Correlation technique. Students' perceptions of distance education were evaluated using the median, mode and arithmetic mean on the basis of all scales and subscales.
 Findings: The results revealed that the scale used in the collection of data in the research is valid and reliable, students are generally hesitant about distance education and these hesitations increase in terms of practice courses and internship practices, and their perception levels about the benefit and importance of distance education are lower than other dimensions of distance education such as learning and communication, technology and measurement-evaluation. Again, the results of the research show that classroom and opinions and attitudes about distance education are important variables that affect the perceptions of students towards distance education.
 Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: It is expected that the research results will be guiding in terms of developing distance education policies and studies on improving the quality of education in universities, and will make a significant contribution to the national and international literature and researchers working in the field of distance education.

Digitalisation and professional training of medical specialists in Ukrainian universities: A case study in health education

Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of martial law in Ukraine have contributed to the increased use of digital technologies in all spheres of life, including education.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify ways to improve professional training in Ukrainian higher education institutions in the context of digitalisation of education, specifically in the healthcare sector.Methodology. To fulfil this purpose, the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the interview method and the author�s questionnaire were used.Results. This paper covered the changes in the professional training of Ukrainian students caused by the active development of distance education and digital technologies. To obtain information on the professional training of specialists in the context of digitalisation, a study was conducted among 263 students of Ukrainian medical institutions. The findings of this study showed that students face difficulties in using modern technologies both when studying and in professional practice. Dynamic changes in the use of modern technologies in professional training require greater involvement of educational institutions in this process, namely: creating courses, electives, conducting trainings for students, holding online meetings with leading experts, introducing technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality into the educational process.Conclusions. It was found that effective training of specialists in the context of digitalisation of the educational process should be based on the following principles: the principle of consistency, the principle of activity, consciousness and independence, the principle of purposefulness, the principle of interaction between classroom, and independent learning activities. These principles are interdependent and ensure effective training of future specialists and develop in them the desire for self-education and lifelong development. The findings of this study can be used by the management of higher education institutions and teachers to improve the educational process in the context of digitalisation, as well as by students for professional self-improvement.

Peculiarities of the Application of Information and Communication Technologies for Distance Learning of the Canadian Border Guard Service Personnel

The paper reveals the peculiarities of the development of distance education in Canadian educational institutions. The specifics of distance learning in the most popular land-based and virtual universities in different provinces of Canada are highlighted. The main tasks of distance education in the Canadian higher education system are identified. The key problems that hinder the development of distance education at the international level are identified. It is proved that distance learning in Canada is successfully integrated into the educational process and is aimed at training highly qualified specialists in various fields. It is known that due to changes in security legislation in 2001, the practice of visiting different checkpoints was cancelled. It is proved that Second Life is an online world in which users (residents) create avatars and interact with other participants, places or objects. It was noted that a virtual border crossing point was created using Second Life to train cadets to conduct interviews with people crossing the border at checkpoints to Canada. It has been researched that in order to enroll in distance learning and continuing education courses, certain requirements must be met. It is indicated that distance education offers hundreds of courses available on a monthly or semester basis. The article describes the distance learning course "Border Services" on the website, which is divided into two parts. It is known that the first part of the course is designed to provide students with an understanding of the activities and functions of the Canada Border Services Agency and the second one is to provide students with an understanding of Canadian citizenship and immigration.

Speaking Personally – with Otto Peters

ABSTRACT Professor Otto Peters (*06 May 1926 in Berlin, Germany) is one of the leading pioneers and scholars of distance education and founding rector of the FernUniversität in Hagen, Germany. Professor Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Otto Peters’ last doctoral student, conducted the interview. Otto Peters talks about how he first came into contact with distance learning as a student during World War II. While working at the German Institute of Distance Education, as head of the department for distance education abroad, he invented the term “distance education.” He talks about the development of distance education in Europe, the establishment of the FernUniversität in Hagen, and how he was appointed as the first rector of the new distance teaching university in Germany. Finally, Otto Peters reflects on the impact and reception of his theory of distance education as the most industrialized form of education, which has made him a globally recognized theorist in the field of distance education research.

The Need to Develop Distance Education in General Secondary Schools


 The article provides for improving the educational system in the conditions of the information education environment in the Republic of Uzbekistan, improving the effectiveness of Independent Education by eliminating certain shortcomings in teaching on the basis of distance education technologies, ending repeatability and parallelism, improving the performance of teachers ' functional tasks, organizing international research in the field of assessing the quality of Education.

Formation of Professional Competence of Students in the Conditions of Remote Form of Education

The article is devoted to the study of the professional competence of students in distance learning conditions. Significant interest in the development of distance education allows us to conclude that the topic of developing the professional competence of students in the conditions and need for independent cognitive activity is in demand. The article examines the main ways of developing students’ professional competence based on cognitive independence — as one of the components of lifelong education in the conditions of distance learning. One of the conditions for the effective functioning of the distance learning system at a university is the preparation of employees and students to work in a virtual educational environment. Students’ mastery of methods of independent cognitive activity is due to the fact that during the training period the foundations of professionalism and competence are laid, and skills of independent professional activity are formed. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed for developing the professional competence of students in distance learning.

Acceptance of Distance Learning Technology in Technology-Based Learning Management

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) describes the factors that influence the acceptance and adoption of technology by individuals. In education management, TAM is used to understand how educators, students, and administrative staff respond to the use of technology in the educational process. The application of the Technology Acceptance Model in education management is to help educational institutions plan, implement, and support the use of technology more effectively, taking into account psychological factors and user perceptions. The variables influencing technology acceptance are Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Toward Technology, and Intention to Use. This study examines the factors that influence the acceptance of technology by UT postgraduate students toward using information technology in distance learning. The research results are used to develop distance education management, especially in developing internet technology-based learning. The results show that the variables measured have a significant effect on the use of distance learning technology. The Behavioral Intention to Use variable has the most significant influence on Actual Use (AU), followed by the influence of Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) on Attitude Toward Using (ATU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) on Attitude Toward Using (ATU).Open University, Technology Acceptance Models, Technology Based Learning Management

Сучасні методики технічної освіти в умовах дистанційного навчання

The article substantiates the trends and prospects for the development of distance education. It was noted that the development of methods and the development of remote forms of the educational process belong to innovative methods of training future specialists. A promising path for the development of distance learning has been revealed in accordance with the development of world trends related to the development of new information technologies and systems for establishing communications between various strata of population groups and, including, the educational sector.
 The expediency of the development of remote forms of education in Ukraine is substantiated and it is noted that such methods will motivate the students themselves to the need to increase their informational and intellectual level, capable of mastering new forms of acquiring professional abilities. It has been proven that the creation of remote forms of education will contribute to the improvement of the professional level of teaching staff and the level of mastery of computer technology, as it requires high professional abilities from teachers in the process of providing educational services using modern information technologies.
 Generalized features of distance learning methods are presented and brief characteristics of each of them are given. Separate information technologies, tools and the most popular online platforms used for organizing training in a distance format are considered. The main advantages that teachers and students receive when studying in a distance format are highlighted, and, in particular, the high mobility of students, which in turn does not require their strict presence in classrooms and laboratories of educational institutions. It is indicated that the introduction of distance learning allows to significantly reduce the expenditure items of the educational institution on utility payments. At the same time, the distance education system does not require the educational institution to have and maintain a wide list of basic funds, including classrooms for the full-time educational process in the presence of students. Such features of obtaining educational services are especially relevant in modern conditions, when Ukraine is waging a war of liberation with the Russian Federation.

Interactive Music Distance Education Platform Based on RBF Algorithm

INTRODUCTION: Since the 21st century, Internet technology has been developing rapidly, and the field of education has gradually broken through the traditional offline teaching mode; utilizing the Internet mode for distance education to break the time and space constraints of education and music education is more restrictive on time and space. However, if distance education can be better utilized to promote the development of online music education, it will promote the development of music education.
 OBJECTIVES: This paper combines the past research results of the RBF algorithm, music education and distance education to study the construction of an interactive music distance education platform based on the RBF algorithm. The algorithm is used to improve the quality of the construction of the distance education platform, and the algorithm mainly optimizes the information dissemination path of distance education in the construction of the interactive music distance education platform and improves the reliability of the platform construction.
 METHODS: The RBF algorithm is used to optimize the construction of the platform, and the case method is used to study individual schools to detect the actual application of music distance education and to find the strengths and weaknesses of the interactive music distance education platform, and to improve the weaknesses to enhance the platform.
 RESULTS: The study found that constructing an interactive music distance education platform will not guarantee the quality of distance education; teachers and students can not quickly realize the effective communication between teachers and students, and some teachers can not better apply the distance education platform. However, there is still room for developing interactive music distance education platforms.
 CONCLUSION: The research of interactive music distance education platforms based on the RBF algorithm has a significant positive effect on the development of distance education, art distance education, music education and so on in China. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously improve music education by utilizing online teaching methods and teaching resources.

DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE EDUCATION TO ENSURE THE FUNCTIONING OF THE UNIVERSITY

The relevance of online education in universities has been proven. The purpose of the study is to determine the areas of online education to ensure the functioning of the University. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are solved: – substantiation of theoretical provisions regarding the formation of online education; – highlighting the features of online education at the University. The relevance of online education in universities has been proven. The purpose of the study is to determine the areas of online education to ensure the functioning of the University. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are solved: – substantiation of theoretical provisions regarding the formation of online education; – highlighting the features of online education at the University. It was determined that information networks and Internet coverage are not always developed in populated areas in Ukraine. The processes of forming a stable WiFi network are becoming more complicated. This affects the development of distance education. Online education is formed and implemented through a set of educational information platforms through the use of organizational structures. The identified advantages of online education: access to the programs of the best teachers in the world; innovative and modern information, possibilities of using technologies, formation of theoretical and methodological approaches used by scientists; retrospective updating of information and software; the financial aspect, which is aimed at reducing the cost of the educational process; implementation of the principle of learning anywhere and anytime; the opportunity to apply different directions and approaches to learning. As a result of the study, the theoretical aspects of the formation and use of online education in universities were determined. Moreover, special attention is focused on the advantages and disadvantages of online education, taking into account the modern conditions of the educational process. It should be noted that the features of online education include: training of teachers according to modern conditions and information support; formation of technological aspects of the functioning of online education; ensuring the functioning of the university as an administrator of distance education; creation of online education service facilities; formation of financial aspects of the development of online education at the university; ensuring the quality of online education; formation of various models of implementation of the educational process with the use of online education: implementation only with the use of Internet technologies; mixed form, where the traditional form is combined with the use of information technologies; application of Internet technologies as an internal toolkit. As a result of the study, the theoretical aspects of the formation and use of online education in universities were determined. Moreover, special attention is focused on the advantages and disadvantages of online education, taking into account the modern conditions of the educational process. It should be noted that the features of online education include: training of teachers according to modern conditions and information support; formation of technological aspects of the functioning of online education; ensuring the functioning of the university as an administrator of distance education; creation of online education service facilities; formation of financial aspects of the development of online education at the university; ensuring the quality of online education; formation of various models of implementation of the educational process with the use of online education: implementation only with the use of Internet technologies; mixed form, where the traditional form is combined with the use of information technologies; application of Internet technologies as an internal toolkit. Keywords: оnline education, information support, information platforms, Internet technologies, models of the educational process.

DISTANCE EDUCATION AS A FLEXIBLE FORM OF LEARNING IN THE MODERN SOCIETY OF KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION

The modern world trends in the development of education are considered. The state and trends in the development of distance education abroad and in Ukraine are analyzed. Challenges and threats to the national interests of Ukraine in case of lagging behind in the field of distance learning are identified. Measures are proposed to spread distance education in Ukraine and increase its quality and accessibility. The article reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of the innovative technology of the organization of the educational process - the distance learning system as one of the important factors of pedagogical interaction. The authors analyze the features of distance learning, determines its possibilities for optimizing the process of pedagogical interaction.

THE METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF HIGH EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

With the development of information technology, the Internet is also constantly iterative and updated, and is currently evolving to Web 3.0, which is synonymous with the next Internet era, which complements the metaverse. This essay is dedicated to one of the most relevant issues in contemporary philosophy: the methodology by which technology is reshaping educational spaces and educational models. The research adopts the method of philosophical speculation, starting from conceptual analysis, tracing the development of distance education and its technological evolution, and examining the educational process of technology from the source. The results of the study show that with the emergence of concepts such as digital campus, smart campus, digital twin campus, and metaverse school, the educational space is changing to the metaverse. The transformation triggered by science and technology covers both individuals and society, not only referring to the specific content or form of people's understanding and thinking, but also the depth and complexity of the thinking world of the entire society. In order to adapt to the changing situation, higher education institutions are establishing new curriculum models. Various words associated with these patterns are: blended learning, flipped classroom, virtual learning, smart classroom, etc.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article touches upon the issues concerning the influence of informatisation of modern society, which are network and global in nature, on educational systems, distance education in particular. It is noted that the emphasis of the development of distance education should not be on technical features of certain educational platforms, but on the development of digital forms of education, taking into account national characteristics and interests of society. Special attention is paid to the fact that in the psychological and 70 Научное мнение № 4 (2023) pedagogical aspects of distance education, fundamentally important issues are the issues of developing psychological and pedagogical tools for the formation of a new model of thinking for both teachers and students, resistant to negative and sometimes aggressive factors of the modern reality of digital communications, which actually displace the “traditional communication” of people.

Distance education in the education system of European Union countries

The article describes the experience of distance education in the education system of the countries of the European Union for the introduction of a new innovative level of education quality in the European dimension. The main characteristics of distance education are highlighted: learning at an individual pace, in a convenient format, in any city, at a convenient time; flexible pedagogical and educational frameworks that respond sensitively to internal and external changes; consideration by education of students' ability levels, various learning styles, interests, needs, and experience. Various technological tools of modern distance education and the main possibilities of intensive development of distance education in the education system of the European Union countries are considered. The role of the European Association of Distance Learning Universities is shown. The requested educational projects within the framework of the Erasmus+ program was analyzed. The regimes in which distance education can be carried out in the education system of the countries of the European Union are listed.

Digital teaching competence for inclusion and social cohesion in teaching processes: Chilean experience during COVID-19

This study examined teacher digital competence training for inclusion and social cohesion in Chile during the Covid-19 confinement. The objective was to analyze how teachers are trained in ICT and how they use these tools to develop distance education processes. The methodology used was a quantitative approach through a descriptive design of a multiple-choice questionnaire. The findings indicate that ICT training occurs mainly as a spontaneous process of self-learning by the teacher and that their motivations for training in ICT respond mainly to the desire to improve their professional skills. Teachers highly value training processes to develop distance education processes around the use of technologies. The teachers who adapted their planning for the new distance education are those who carried out self-learning processes and have training in technological tools. Most teachers opted for a mixed approach in content delivery and complemented classes through video calling platforms with tools for asynchronous work. Regarding evaluation processes, teachers certainly know that clear and precise instructions are relevant in distance education.

Education Quality Problems in Using Distance Learning Technologies

The article deals with the process in distance learning in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as one of the main parameters for introducing digital literacy development at the tertiary level. Buketov Karaganda University has been taken as the research site for data collection and analysis of quality distance learning. The authors have revealed the devices used by students in distance learning, the amount of available educational materials, the positive aspects of online teaching. At the same time, the paper aims at identifying the problems of distance learning in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), electronic library resources. The analysis proved the effectiveness of distance learning at the university. It suggests some assumptions on the improvement of distance learning and education technology based on the survey results among students and teaching staff. It is believed that the development of distance education and their technologies will enable HEIs to meet students’ demands and rights to quality education. It will allow anyone to receive bachelor degree and professional engagement simultaneously

Main mechanisms of state administration regarding the relevance of the development of distance education in the sphere of training of future rescuers of Ukraine during marital state

At the beginning of 2022, Ukraine became a bridgehead and a zone of active hostilities, which determined the lives of its citizens for years to come. The war had a decisive influence on all sectors, including the branches of our state, both in production and in educational processes.
 The significant events that have taken place make us think about the fact that the prospective aspects of education in the universities of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the transformation of methods of providing quality education cannot be considered separately from the most important task of providing quality education. This applies both to young people who suffer from a lack of resources or a favorable environment for access to learning and acquiring knowledge, and to teachers and their needs for more effective mastering of new teaching methods. And finally, it concerns the educational community as a whole, including local communities, which directly depends on the continuity of education in an extremely difficult period for the entire Ukrainian community.
 So, the article defines the ways to solve the current scientific problem regarding the formation of innovative systems for the development of state management by distance learning in universities of the State Service of Ukraine for emergency situations during the period of hostilities.
 Person-oriented technologies of the information mechanism of the state management of the development of distance learning are identified, pedagogical technologies are considered, which use well-known didactic principles of distance higher education of Ukraine, taking into account the peculiarities of the training of future rescuers.
 The main principles of distance learning technology based on the state management of the development of distance educational technology, as a set of methods, forms and means of interaction with the learner, where the mastering of the educational array of knowledge is independently controlled in the process, with the aim of obtaining professional skills and abilities, have been considered and improved.
 An analysis of the foreign experience of state management of the development of distance higher education was carried out, which in turn made it possible to determine a number of advantages regarding the training of future rescuers, using distance learning in universities of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine.