Development Of Container Transport Research Articles

To determine the maneuverability of three-link road trains type “B-triple” with steered axles of semi-trailers dollies

In recent years, the development of container transportation served as a powerful impetus for increasing the length of vehicles, especially road trains, which is due to a number of advantages regarding the transportation of large-sized freight in a container. Today, the whole range of containers is transported by two-link road trains consisting of a tractor vehicle and semi-trailer. The efficiency of such transportation can be increased by means of three-link road trains capable of transporting either three (two 20-foot and one 40- or 45-foot) or four 20-foot containers. This organization of transportation will lead to energy savings and a reduction in environmental pollution due to the reduction of vehicles. However, there is a problem with the maneuverability and stability of such vehicles. The paper developed a kinematic model of three-link road train type “B-triple” with steered axles (front or rear) of semi-trailer dolly with a dual drive control for these axles. Based on folding angles of road train links and drive control transmission ratios of the axles of semi-trailer dolly, the main indicators of road train maneuverability are determined – road train links trajectories displacement relative to the vehicle trajectory and road train overall traffic lane. It was established that when entering a turn with slight differences in folding angles of road train links, the steered axles of semi-trailer dolly turn in the direction opposite to the direction of a turn, thereby reducing the overall traffic lane. During circular motion, the overall traffic lane of road train with steered semi-trailers decreased by almost 2 m, but such road train does not meet the maneuverability requirements. The search for ways to improve the maneuverability of three-link road trains should be sought in the designs of three-link road trains.

Research of the specificity of the development of international sea container transportation

The rapid development of container transportation in the world requires acceptance of strategic decisions in the logistical and technical support of cargo delivery by sea transport with the aim of achieving effective development of the maritime logistics system and identifying the leaders of maritime logistics. The article considers the process of containerization in sea transport in the international context. This type of transportation has a lot of advantages over other types of cargo transportation, including low cost, large volumes of transportation, clear and unambiguous rules, legal norms of sea transportation, defined sea routes. In the course of the study, countries with access to the sea or the ocean were studied. Such countries include Germany, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Japan, the Netherlands and Singapore - countries with a developed logistics system. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of the development of the world's leading ports were analyzed, in particular, the number of ships of various types, including depending on the flag, their carrying capacity, and the time spent in the port. The development of maritime trade, which is carried out along the following main routes, is analyzed: Non-mainlane East West, North-South, South-South, Intra-regional. According to the results of the study, the classification of the world fleet by the main types of vessels was carried out. In the course of the analysis of the modern development of the world market of container transportation, a steady trend towards an increase in the volume of cargo transported in containers was established. This is explained by the fact that containerization allows incresaing the efficiency and competitiveness of logistics enterprises significantly, which is of great importance in the conditions of a market economy. The development of the system of container transportation by sea transport is a rational way to improving the quality of the organization of cargo transportation, which, thanks to economic efficiency, will allow reducing transportation costs during the transportation of cargo. The prospective directions of their development are substantiated.

Development of container transportation by rail in modern conditions

Currently, container transportation is one of the modern and convenient ways to deliver goods. This is the most progressive way to optimize transport processes. The use of containers in multimodal transportation of goods contributes to the inclusion of Russia in the transport network of the world, expands the possibilities of using the transit potential of our country, and increases the competitiveness of the domestic transport system. The main advantage of transportation of goods in containers is the possibility of their transfer to adjacent modes of transport without reloading the cargo. This is very important in the interaction of sea and rail transport, at the points of interaction between a port station and a seaport. The use of terminals when reloading containers from one mode of transport to another can also be more efficient compared to a number of other cargo flows. It would be relevant to study the change in the dynamics of container traffic transported by rail and sea in the Russian Federation, as the most promising in the context of the predicted growth of post-pandemic world trade. The result of the article was an analysis of the dynamics of container turnover over several years, and graphs were drawn up of changes in the volume of container transportation in TEU by rail and sea transport. Used public access materials and official sites, research by various scientists.

Formation of the infrastructure complex inland water transport

The article presents the results of a study on the prospects for the formation of a single infrastructure complex of inland waterway transport. The purpose of the study is to identify the prerequisites for the development of container transportation by inland waterways of Russia and substantiate the characteristics of the infrastructure framework of the inland waterway transport. The objectives of the study were the analysis of the provisions of the draft Transport Strategy until 2035, the analysis of foreign experience in the development and problems of functioning of foreign water transport systems, the identification of problems and urgent tasks of the development of transportation involving inland waterway transport. The article suggests the directions of scientific developments relevant to the domestic water transport system within the framework of the general research topic related to the renewal of infrastructure for the development of combined and multimodal transportation on the inland waterways of Russia, the justification of the parameters and characteristics of container ships, the justification of effective multi-modal schemes and container lines on the river-sea sections, modeling of standard (standardized) multimodal river terminals, the formation of digital platforms for the organization of cargo transportation in containers along the river routes of the country, as well as the formation of a system of regulations governing direct mixed and multimodal cargo transportation. As the results of the study, the standardization of the parameters of which will allow forming on its basis the framework of a multimodal system for the delivery of bulk carriers in containers with the participation of inland waterway transport.

Improving the Logistics of Maritime Container Transportation in the Context of Financial Sanctions

The study analyzed the development of container transportation in the face of financial instability, challenges and risks. We proposed the directions of interaction between economic entities at the international level, including in terms of logistics processes. We studied the impact of sanctions on the container / liner shipping market, the number of ships, and total capacity of container ships of companies included in the top 10 Alphaliner ratings. Russia imports ingredients for food and chemical industries, components for the automotive industry and other mechanical engineering, household appliances, consumer goods and exports products of the timber industry complex, fertilizers, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals and other goods. The study revealed that the flow of sanctions affects not only the Russian econo­my, but also exports of products that are significant for the West. When building international supply chains, it is important to reorient the vector of interaction towards Chinese transport companies that are actively integrating into the Russian market. The study highlighted competitive advantages and disadvantages for each transport company. Based on the results of the study, we identified strategic guidelines for the development of the container transportation market of the Russian Federation considering the needs of economic entities. Provided that the new project will meet modern world requirements for the quality of services provided, the payback of significant capital investments is predicted in the shortest possible time.

The Method and Practice of Container Electronic Tag Performance Test

With the rapid development of container transportation, container transportation has become the main mode of transportation that promotes social development and accelerates the process of globalization. The container RFID electronic tag is expected to improve the transportation efficiency of the container. This article describes the testing methods of container electronic tags. At the same time, through the actual application test of container RFID tags, it summarizes and proposes how to optimize the reading efficiency of container electronic tags, so as to achieve the best performance of container RFID tag system.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИЙСКИХ КОНТЕЙНЕРНЫХ ПЕРЕВОЗОК В РАМКАХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ПАРАДИГМЫ

The second half of the XX century was a breakthrough for sea cargo transportation. This was facilitated by the creation and development of container transportation. Cargo transportation has become more convenient due to the automation of loading and unloading operations, higher protection of cargo during transportation, but also due to the cost-effectiveness of this method. Currently, for the development of the container transport market, considering the extent to which suppliers are focused on the end user, it is reasonable to assume that trends aimed at innovation should be associated with the provision of environmentallypositive services, real-time tracking, selfservice, reverse logistics, customized products and fast delivery. Some of these trends are amplified with the advent of ecommerce. In addition to creating more compact and flexible platforms, the digitalization of intermodal transport is designed to ensure safer, safer and more sustainable cargo transportation.

Methodological Aspects of Container Rail Traffic Managed by Transport Organizations

The article considers the state of the container rail transportation market and the competitiveness of its development in Russia. It also reveals the negative factors and problems hindering the development of Russian transit potential as well as characterizes the main container rail operators. Methodological approach for identifying the potential of container railway traffic managed by transport organizations is offered in the research. Several methods are used in the study, such as analysis as a way to explore the prospects of container transportation in the Russian Federation, synthesis as a way of combining into a single whole for development of methodological aspects of organizing container transportation and hypothetical method for constructing an algorithm (model) of choosing a strategy for organizing container transportation for participants of the process. The research indicated inadequacy in existing scientific research of the methodological approach used in container shipping traffic strategy for transport companies. It is recommended to take into account the influence of negative factors and problems, hindering the development of container transportation. The study highlighted the need for developing a model while choosing a strategy in container traffic management for transport organizations. Practical value of the study is in methodological approach offered for constructing an algorithm in choosing a strategy for container transportation managed by transport organizations. The article reviews the container market conditions in macro and micro-levels, ranking the profitability of container transportation routes. It is concluded that methodology for calculating the need for fitting platforms will allow transport organizations to optimize investment projects in the market.

Evaluating Key Factors of Container Shipping Lines from the Perspective of High-tech Industry Shippers

Because of the changes in customers' needs and demands created by the development of container transport in the 1960s, the global container transport business has become increasingly competitive. With the high-tech industry ranged with one of the few competitive industries in Taiwan from 2002, container shipping lines have been forced to implement innovative operating patterns to meet the evolving demands of the high-tech industry shippers. This study conducts a survey questionnaire of domestic high-tech industry shippers to explore the different factors affecting their selection of container shipping lines, evaluating the key influencing factors by maritime marketing's 4C framework: customer needs, customer costs, customer communication, and customer convenience. It aims to detect the appropriateness of key influencing factors and the correlation between them for high-tech industry shippers selecting container shipping lines by the Fuzzy Delphi Method and the Revised Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (the Revised DEMATEL). The conclusions indicates management implications and recommendations for container shipping lines to develop future operating strategies.

Analysis of Shenzhen Port Container Development Countermeasures under the Background of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area brings new opportunities for the future development of Shenzhen Port, but it also faces many challenges. Due to the large number of ports in the Bay Area, large and small, rich port resources, leading to increasingly fierce competition between ports. Therefore, the article mainly to Hong Kong and Macao Grand Bay Area as the research of environment, analyzes the status quo of Shenzhen Port Container development, followed by The exponential smoothing model is used to predict the container throughput of Shenzhen Port, finally, on the basis of the prediction results, relevant countermeasures are put forward for the better development of container transportation in Shenzhen Port, and the development path of Shenzhen Port in the context of the Greater Bay Area is sought.

The Impact of an Environmental Way of Customer’s Thinking on a Range of Choice from Transport Routes in Maritime Transport

The paper deals with the impact that an environmental way of thinking has on shipping and transport company customers regarding their preferences in choosing a transport route. Nowadays, maritime transport plays a very important role mainly in transoceanic container transport. It also deals with the statistics focused on container shipping, especially between North America and Europe. These statistics contribute to a general description of the development of container shipping on the route that is applicated in this case study. The significant impact of this kind of transport also reflects the estimation of the future development of container transport on the selected transport route. In this view, the least square method is used in this paper. This method can present the trend of development according to statistics. Thanks to these materials, this paper estimates a slight increase of the number of containers transported between North America and Europe in the near future. This increase will have a certain effect on the environment. Thus, as part of their business policy of sustainability and environment protection, customers will prefer a mode of transport and transport routes featuring a smaller effect on the environment in the future. The relevance of such a change in preferences in planning transport routes for the customer is reflected in the case study presented in this paper. So, one part of this paper is also dedicated to information about the impact of maritime transport on the environment. This part also explains the impact according to different studies that have been published in the last few years. The main contribution of this paper is also to point out the importance of this factor for the preferences of customers via the multi-criteria decision method. Using a multi-criteria decision method, it outlines how the factor of the impact on the environment can significantly change the offer made by a transport or shipping company, and thus how it represents a key element of whether the customer would prefer the given offer or focus on a competitor’s offer.

Globalization Impact on the Maritime Trade between the USA and the Slovak Republic

Research background: The paper background is based on the importance of maritime trade. The paper offers a proposal for container transport in two different directions along two different transport routes, taking into consideration all trends in the development of port transhipment facilities as well as the development of container transport. The final comparison is determined based on criteria such as speed and complexity of the transport, distance, price for transportation, as well as the risk of endangering the cargo due to shipping through risky geographical areas. These factors, together with other facts, significantly contribute to the final choice of the shipping route both by the shipper and the carrier. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of this paper is to present the basic possibilities of container transportation by sea between North America and Europe, to express the importance of the Transatlantic maritime transport route and to offer a comparison of two transport proposals in a case study.The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of globalization on maritime trade between the USA and Europe, especially the Slovak Republic. Given the rapidly evolving maritime transport situation between North America and Europe, special consideration is also given to the current technical equipment and transhipment technology in the ports through which this trade takes place. Methods: The method used in the paper is the least squares method, that will be used on the prediction of future stage of maritime trade between Slovakia and the USA. For this purpose, methods of regression and correlation analysis will be also used. Findings & Value added: According to data from Review of Maritime Transport between 1995 – 2018, the prediction of stage of maritime trade will be made. The development of the maritime trade will be also predicted.

О перспективах развития ускоренных контейнерных перевозок в Узбекистане

The article considers and analyzes the volume of container cargo transportation in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Trends in the development of container transportation by rail are studied. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the methods of collecting the initial information, as well as the methods of its processing. The main measures for the development and implementation of technical, technological, commercial and organizational measures to increase containerization of cargo transportation are proposed.

ASSESSMENT OF CONDITION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION BY INLAND WATER TRANSPORT

The article provides an analysis of the development of the container transport market at the international and domestic levels. It is noted that despite the absolute growth in the volume of container traffic in recent years its growth rate has been decreasing since 2005. An increase in traffic was noted in the main directions, including the Europe – Asia – Europe direction, the trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic directions. The largest increase in container traffic over the period under review occurred in the Europe - Asia direction. In the Russian container shipping market, rail transportation is showing steady growth dynamics. Container shipping by water in 2017 amounted to only 4% of the total container shipping in Russia. Inland water transport amounted to 0.5%, which indicates their practical termination. Possible routes and the main factors restraining the development of container transportation by inland water transport are considered. The main problems that hinder the development of container traffic in general and in water transport in particular are identified. Possible solutions to the identified problems of the development of cargo transportation in containers with emphasis on the primary use of inland water transport are proposed.

Роль транспортно-логистических кластеров в формировании контейнерных коридоров перевозок сборных грузов

The article highlights the general trends in developing the world container traffic specified by the world container shipping that have formed the market and traffic flow satisfying the demands for the most important container cargoes. Creating the favorable conditions for transporting the containers deep into the country can ensure the expansion of services and provide the accessibility of the advantages of container technologies for the national cargo owners. Hence, there appears the need to intensify activities to improve container handling technologies at domestic terminals and container transportation management tools in general. At the stage of developing the network of Russian logistics clusters as supporting centers of goods consolidation and distribution the most important point is building a continuous chain of container proceeding and organizing the interaction of such centers with the existing international container network. The main function of the regional (logistic, administrative) center included in the cluster infrastructure is to ensure free passage of the container cargo through it. Ensuring the coordinated work of the clusters located at a great distance from each other is the process of forming container communications between the regions and countries, on the territory of which these clusters are formed. This is how logistic container corridors are formed, which, with the growing container traffic and development of container handling conditions, can transform into a network structure. There are illustrated the stages of development of container transportation of groupage cargoes depending on the traffic rate and the of transport infrastructure. The general view of the module for consolidation of groupage cargoes is considered. The issue of developing the hinterland zones of the sea container terminal is analyzed along with expanding the transport infrastructure introducing new means of groupage cargoes consolidation. The conditional division of the regional centers processing groupage cargoes into groups was made according to the nature of the tasks and the competitiveness.

TOPICAL ISSUES OF DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION IN UKRAINE

The state and trends of changes in the development of multimodal transportation in Ukraine are considered. The existing system of international transport and communications of Ukraine is investigated. The issues of prospects for the development of container transportation of goods are considered. The main problems that impede the development of multimodal transportation in Ukraine are identified, and the necessary measures to address them are identified. The aim of the study is the process of organizing multimodal rail transport, identifying development problems in modern conditions. The research method consists in analyzing the phenomena and processes occurring in the process of organizing multimodal transportation. Results. A study of the state of multimodal transport in Ukraine, the main problems are outlined. Practical value: certain advantages and ways of organizing multimodal transportation in Ukraine are proposed

A method for estimating liner shipping time under uncertainty

With the rapid development of container transportation and the fierce competition among ports, container terminal operators pay more attention to meet the individual needs of customers. This study develops a system to estimate container liner shipping arrival time and the probability distribution for each time set by considering transit process and the periodicity of liner shipping. This system can give the most possible arrival time of cargoes to customers in advance, and then improve the level of port services. Also, a recursive algorithm based solution method and a parallel computing based solution method are proposed for solving the problem. Computational test is conducted on different scales and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach.

A method for estimating liner shipping time under uncertainty

With the rapid development of container transportation and the fierce competition among ports, container terminal operators pay more attention to meet the individual needs of customers. This study develops a system to estimate container liner shipping arrival time and the probability distribution for each time set by considering transit process and the periodicity of liner shipping. This system can give the most possible arrival time of cargoes to customers in advance, and then improve the level of port services. Also, a recursive algorithm based solution method and a parallel computing based solution method are proposed for solving the problem. Computational test is conducted on different scales and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach.

Research on Anti-swing Mechanism of Crane

With the development of container transport, the crane improves the capacity of loading and unloading containers. But also raises the new question about the swing amplitude of container. The anti-swing technology has become one of the key technologies to improve the loading and unloading efficiency of crane. In this paper, a kind of anti-rolling device for crane is studied, which could use the weight as the power. It could reduce the swing strength of hoisting containers while ensuring the efficiency of energy saving. The strength of the anti-swing mechanism units has excellent safety and reliability, which could meet the requirements of the relevant standard.

Technology of Container Transportation using Load-Lifting Pillars

The article is devoted to solving problems related to the slow pace of development of container transportation due to lack of specialized terminal complexes, construction of which requires large capital investments, as well as specialized delivery equipment. The article substantiates the need for greater attention to improvement of container transportation technology as the most promising way to deliver cargo in direct and mixed traffic. A description of a new design of a transportable container with load lifting pillars is given, the use of which will improve the organization of container transportation.