Development Of Conceptual Model Research Articles

Family Involvement in the Care of Hospitalized Older Adults: Protocol for a Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

Older adults are frequently hospitalized. Family involvement during these hospitalizations is incompletely characterized in the literature. This study aimed to better understand how families are involved in the care of hospitalized older adults and develop a conceptual model describing the phenomenon of family involvement in the care of hospitalized older adults. We describe the protocol of a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES), a systematic review of qualitative studies. We chose to focus on qualitative studies given the complexity and multifaceted nature of family involvement in care, a type of topic best understood through qualitative inquiry. The protocol describes our process of developing a research question and eligibility criteria for inclusion in our QES based on the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research type) tool. It describes the development of our search strategy, which was used to search MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase (via Elsevier), PsycINFO (via Ovid), and CINAHL Complete (via EBSCO). Title and abstract screening and full-text screening will occur sequentially. Purposive sampling may be used depending on the volume of studies identified as eligible for inclusion during our screening process. Descriptive data regarding included individual studies will be extracted and summarized in tables. The results from included studies will be synthesized using qualitative methods and used to develop a conceptual model. The conceptual model will be presented to community members via engagement panels for further refinement. As of September 2023, we have assembled a multidisciplinary team including physicians, nurses, health services researchers, a librarian, a social worker, and a health economist. We have finalized our search strategy and executed the search, yielding 8862 total citations. We are currently screening titles and abstracts and anticipate that full-text screening, data extraction, quality appraisal, and synthesis will be completed by summer of 2024. Conceptual model development will then take place with community engagement panels. We anticipate submitting our manuscript for publication in the fall of 2024. This paper describes the protocol for a QES of family involvement in the care of hospitalized older adults. We will use identified themes to create a conceptual model to inform further intervention development and policy change. PROSPERO 465617; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023465617. PRR1-10.2196/53255.

Planning For Resilience: Examining Gaps in Cyclone Preparedness and Impacts on Marginalized Communities in India's East coast cities

Cyclones and associated storm surges pose a major threat to coastal communities in India, especially along the Bay of Bengal where their intensity is higher. This paper examines cyclone resilience planning in four coastal cities - Visakhapatnam, Puri, Rameshwaram, and Velankanni. A multi-dimensional analysis is undertaken to focus on disaster preparedness, tourism economy contributions, socio-economic inclusion, and sustainability principles. The key objective is to study the integration of cyclone resilience with equitable, tourism-based development to strengthen vulnerable communities through conceptual modeling. The research methodology employs a mixed methods approach combining literature review, secondary data analysis of resilience infrastructure and tourism statistics, and conceptual model development. Findings highlight continued infrastructure and preparedness gaps alongside persisting socio-economic disparities limiting resilience access for marginalized groups. While progress is visible on early warnings, shelters, and evacuations, constraints exist regarding storm-proofing of amenities, customized enterprise support, secure housing, and risk financing tools. The study concludes that resilient, sustainable outcomes require planning processes that engage tourism-dependent communities through bottom-up participation. Coupled with hazard-resilient land use standards, customized livelihood protection schemes, resilient affordable housing programs, and coherent governance; tourism-centric coastal cities can enhance capacities to absorb cyclone impacts and enable inclusive rebuilding. Key Words: Cyclone resilience, Coastal city planning, Socio-economic vulnerabilities, Tourism economies

Development of Patient and Caregiver Conceptual Models Investigating the Health-Related Quality of Life Impacts of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and usually fatal malignancy frequently linked to occupational asbestos exposures and associated with poor prognosis and considerable humanistic burden. The study aimed to develop conceptual models of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impact on patients with and receiving treatment for MPM, and the burden on their caregivers. This multi-country study (Australia and United Kingdom) adopted a qualitative methodology to conduct semi-structured, independent interviews with people with MPM (n = 26), current caregivers (n = 20), and caregivers of people who had recently died because of MPM (n = 4). Participants were recruited using a purposive sampling approach and interviews conducted via telephone between January 2021 and January 2022. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis and used to construct conceptual models. Patient analysis yielded four overarching themes: (1) debilitating burden of breathlessness and fatigue; (2) physical mesothelioma symptoms experienced by patients; (3) distress of MPM on the self and family; and (4) treatment is worth 'having a go' despite the potential impact on symptoms. Caregiver analysis yielded five core themes: (1) daily life limited by caregiving duties; (2) emotional well-being and the need for support; (3) the relational role shift to caregiver; (4) time spent providing care negatively impacts work and productivity; and (5) positive aspects and outcomes of caregiving. This study highlights the substantial daily and emotional HRQoL impact that MPM symptoms have on patients and caregivers. Both groups reduced work, productivity, and social and leisure activities. There was evidence of positive HRQoL impacts as a result of immunotherapy and radiotherapy, but less for chemotherapy. Caregiver impacts were intensified during the end-of-life period and persisted following patient death. Evident is a need for increased psychological support, information, and advice for caregivers, increased during the end-of-life period.

Developing a Measure of Key Adult Outcomes in Adults with Developmental Disabilities: Conceptual Model and Item Generation of the REALS (Relationships, Employment, Autonomy, and Life Satisfaction).

Employment, social relationships, and autonomy are priorities topeople with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). However, few validated measures exist to systematically assess these key adult outcomes in this population. This research includes first steps to develop self- and proxy report measures of life outcomes for adults with IDDs-the Relationships, Employment, Autonomy, and Life Satisfaction (REALS). A literature search identified existing adult outcome measures, and comparison of their domains informed initial conceptual model development. External consultants revised the model, and items were generated. Autistic adults (n = 15), adults with other IDDs (n = 7), caregivers of autistic adults (n = 13), and caregivers of adults with other IDDs (n = 10) completed in-depth cognitive interviews to assess comprehension of items and response categories, factors influencing how participants respond to items, and the inclusiveness of the item pool. A final conceptual model was generated with three subdomains (social relationships, employment, and autonomy), including assessment of life satisfaction within each domain. Cognitive interviews revealed that response set restructuring and item-level revisions were needed to capture the complexity of adult life and make the measure more accessible across a range of abilities. This study developed a conceptual model of relationships, work, and autonomy specific to adults with IDDs. Future work will involve collecting data from 800 + self-reporters with IDDs and 800 + caregivers of adults with IDDs to conduct psychometric analyses. Improving measurement in this area is critical to better understanding the needs of adults with IDDs and improving services available to them.

Reduction of Ivory Product Purchase in China: The Role of Cultural Values on Ethical Consumption

Abstract The consumption of ivory has been a significant subject in both sustainable consumption and (un)ethical consumption studies, as it not only poses a threat to endangered species but also to environmental biodiversity and sustainability. The purpose of this study is to investigate how individual cultural values influence the behavior of ivory consumption in the Chinese context. This research first reviewed recent studies on ivory purchases in China to gain an understanding of this topic. Then, theoretical frameworks, including Hofstede’s (1984. “Cultural Dimensions in Management and Planning.” Asia Pacific Journal of Management 1 (2): 81–99, 1998. Masculinity and Femininity: The Taboo Dimension of National Cultures. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2001. Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.) cultural dimensions and the theory of planned behavior (TPB; Ajzen 1991. “The Theory of Planned Behavior.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50 (2): 179–211.), were applied for conceptual model and hypotheses development. To test the hypotheses, a total of 600 responses were collected in China using the Qualtrics market research service, and 575 usable responses were employed for the Structural Modeling Analysis (SEM) data analysis. Our findings suggest that ivory purchase intention is impacted by both power distance and collectivism, whether through a direct path or indirect influence on attitude towards ivory purchasing. Our findings suggest that both power distance and collectivism are negatively associated with negative attitudes toward ivory purchase and positively associated with purchase intention. Moreover, uncertainty avoidance is positively related to negative attitudes toward ivory purchase, but is not directly linked to ivory purchase intention. The research identified the main factors driving ivory purchases in China and developed behavior change strategies through targeted interventions. These strategies can be implemented across different cultures and in other sustainable conservation initiatives.

Analysing Customers’ Trust in Ayurvedic Product Consumption: Development of Conceptual Model

Purpose: Investigating and analysing the numerous elements that affect consumers' faith in Ayurvedic products is the main goal of the article. In order to create a conceptual model to achieve this, the study undertakes an extensive examination of pertinent literature and current consumer theories. In order to help people develop faith in ayurvedic medicines, this model tries to give them a structured understanding of the essential components. The main goal of the study is to identify, synthesise, and discuss the elements that influence consumer trust in these products within a clear conceptual framework based on well-established customer theories and earlier research. Design: Accessing books and journal articles via search engines like Google Scholar, ResearchGate, SSRN, Base, Semantics, and Inflibnet is how secondary data for research is acquired. The focus group interaction method is used to formulate hypotheses and pinpoint characteristics that influence trust. Findings: The study has identified a number of variables that affect consumer trust in Ayurvedic goods. These factors include the items' holistic approach, the value consumers see in them, individual norms, and close customer relationships. It is hypothesised that these elements have a substantial impact on consumers' trust in ayurvedic products. Originality: This essay focuses on identifying and analysing the various elements that affect consumer confidence in ayurvedic products. Paper Type: Literature review for the creation of a conceptual model.

Targeted approach to assessing the impact of living conditions and social factors of the habitat on the medico-demographic status of rural territories in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

BACKGROUND:According to the Federal Law “On Sanitary-Epidemiological Well-being of the Population” the “environmental factors that have or may have an impact on humans and on health of future generations” along with chemical, physical and biological factors, also include “social factors". Within framework of section “State of Public Health in Connection with the State of Natural Environment and Living Conditions” of the system of state sanitary and epidemiological regulation, a significant number of normative and methodological documents have been approved aimed at assessing the impact of chemical, physical and biological environmental factors on population health, while not a single document has been developed concerning “social factors of habitat” or “living conditions”. In the “Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) until 2035” , the “main dangers, challenges and threats that form risks for development of AZRF” include clear signs of deterioration in medico-demographic situation, where, along with migration outflow, reduction of population number, high mortality rate, “lag behind all-Russian values of indicators characterizing quality of life”, poor state of social, housing, communal, transport infrastructure were noted.
 OBJECTIVES:development of the concept of “living conditions” as a set of “social factors of habitat” formed by “social infrastructure” of a settlement; development of conceptual model of determinants of human health, indicating place of living conditions (social infrastructure) in the frame of habitat; scientific substantiation of concept of “harmful effects of social factors of habitat”; development of targeted approach to assessing the impact of living conditions on medico-demographic status of rural areas of AZRF using scoring system for assessing living conditions, which makes it possible to rank individual villages according to the value of infrastructure indices and the integral index of living conditions (IILC).
 PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE:Implementation in practice of the proposed targeted methodological approach will make it possible to scientifically substantiate the need to take differentiated measures (managerial decisions) in relation to the identified “risk territorie”, “risk group”, and “risk pathologies”, aimed at improving living conditions, preserving public health, ensuring sanitary-epidemiological well-being, reducing the intensity of negative trends in demographic processes in the regions of AZRF.

Network dynamics of positive energy districts: a coevolutionary business ecosystem analysis

IntroductionAmid the rising interest in sustainable urban development, Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) have become a focus of research. This study examines the dynamic processes that influence the development and scalability of PEDs from a co-evolutionary business ecosystem perspective.MethodsTo delve into the dynamics of Positive Energy Districts, we applied the business ecosystem framework to a real-world case study, namely the Hunziker Areal. Our research methodology involved the development and validation of a high-level conceptual model. This was achieved through workshops and guided interviews with experts engaged in pilot and research projects related to PEDs.ResultsThe study highlights the significance of employing a systemic approach to evaluate the potential of PEDs in enhancing housing sustainability while creating value for diverse stakeholders. Through the utilization of causal loop diagrams, key feedback loops explaining the diffusion of PEDs are identified. Moreover, the study reveals varying perceptions of PED utility among stakeholders, who assess the impact using different Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) such as CO2 target achievement and well-being. Key factors influencing technology adoption, such as low prosumer electricity unit cost, are also identified.DiscussionOur findings further shed light on crucial aspects affecting value capture and the attractiveness of the ecosystem to investors. Additionally, the study underscores the critical role of supportive policies and regulations in facilitating the diffusion and scalability of Positive Energy Districts.

“Our theatre is society”: Perceptions and practices of university-based African Centres of Excellence regarding community engagement and the third mission of higher education

In the historical higher education (HE) context of early post-independence Africa, little was done to unpack or critique the dominant notion of African universities as “developmental” and to create workable models for the future. The resultant conflictual role of African universities, caught between the demands of academic excellence, on the one hand, and local demands of development and regional and communal impact, on the other, have not yet been adequately resolved. Conceptually and organisationally, “engagement”, “transfer” and “outreach” activities serve as mechanisms to bridge the divide between the traditional academy and the needs and expectations of societal stakeholders located outside of formal HE structures. This is now often referred to as the third mission (TM) of HE, the first and second missions being teaching and research. In recent years, many of the existing DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) African Centres of Excellence (ACE) have established partnerships and networks with actors from the political, social and economic sector to increase their relevance and impact in their regions, especially relating to Sustainable Development Goals. Against this backdrop, a qualitative exploratory study was conducted to determine the experiences and perceptions of participating representatives from ten ACE, located in their different and specific regional and societal contexts, about their university-society community engagement (CE) or TM activities. This article reports on the findings of this study, which contributes to the larger aims of identifying long-term synergies and collaboration potential and the development of conceptual models that are scalable. The findings of this study can form an adaptable basis for future TM-CE projects and for possible future research projects about such activities in HE.

Development of a New Conceptual Model for Improvement of the Quality Services of Higher Education Institutions in Academic, Administrative, and Research Areas

Development of a New Conceptual Model for Improvement of the Quality Services of Higher Education Institutions in Academic, Administrative, and Research Areas

Development of a New Conceptual Model: Consumers’ Purchase Intention towards Eco-friendly Bags

Development of a New Conceptual Model: Consumers’ Purchase Intention towards Eco-friendly Bags

Aspects of role models in bullying as a basis for interaction.

The object of this study is the role models that can be chosen by the participants of the confrontation within the framework of bullying, the subject of the study was social consequences of the application of specific behavioral scenarios in the conflict. These consequences are manifested through the results of the confrontation and the impact of these results on the statuses and positions in the educational environment at different levels, changes in the structure of factions, and interaction between them. Among the applied research methods are comparison, generalization, and synthesis. In the context of conflict methodology, the work is based on the consideration of the theories of conflict functions of Lewis Сoser and the conflict of Ralph Darendorf. The innovative aspect of the research consists of a comprehensive understanding and analysis of Western experience in the field of pedagogy and the development of new conceptual models. It should be emphasized that few studies of bullying in Russian pedagogical conflictology have been carried out. Western researchers often consider the victim of bullying as a passive participant deprived of subjectivity. The authors propose to perceive bullying as a conflict and consider it not only as bullying but also as a situation of negative leadership. The new models considered in our study highlight victim role scripts and assimilation/accommodation of behaviors within the aggressor/victim dichotomy. In addition, the novelty of the study is manifested in the introduction of the concept of role (emotional) benefit and a comprehensive consideration of the aspects of benefit that a "victim" receives in a conflict. The authors propose a system of scenarios and sub-scenarios of victim behavior, taking into account the assimilation/accommodation of certain behavioral patterns when subjects are included in a bullying situation.

To the issue of the role classification of participants in bullying situations.

The object of this study is the role models that can be chosen by the participants of the confrontation in the framework of bullying. It should be noted that the authors of the study consider bullying as a form of pedagogical conflict, which can significantly affect the educational process and mental health of students. The relevance of the study is also revealed through the perception of bullying not just as bullying, but as a conflict, where the parties are involved in a confrontation and have subjectivity. The subject of the research is the social consequences of following behavioral scenarios in conflict. Such consequences are revealed through the result of confrontation, as well as the impact of the result of such confrontation on changes in statuses and positions within the educational environment at different levels, changes in distribution, emergence, change, fragmentation, and disappearance of factions within the educational environment. The methodological basis of this study is the analysis of a wide range of scientific sources: scientific and practical pedagogical, psychological, sociological, conflictology literature, and periodical scientific publications. Among the applied methods of scientific research are: comparison, generalization, and synthesis. In the context of conflict methodology, this work is built around the theory of conflict functions Lewis Kozer, and Ralph Darendorf's theory of conflict. The novelty of the study is revealed through a comprehensive analysis of the experience of Western researchers in the field of pedagogy, as well as the development of new conceptual models. Western researchers assign a passive role to the victim of bullying, thereby depriving her of subjectivity. The authors propose to perceive bullying as a conflict, and bullying not only as bullying but also as a situation of negative leadership.

The corporate entrepreneurial and innovation processes for business sustainability: A critical overview and conceptual process model development

<abstract> <p>Entrepreneurship is a process that transpires over time. Every entrepreneurial journey is a unique process that is difficult to replicate in the exact way it happened. Entrepreneurial activities in an existing organization can, over time, form a specific staged process that allows a more structured way from generation to implementation of new ideas. Through its supporting structure, corporate entrepreneurship channels ideas through a process that helps people stay focused, systematic, and efficient in value creation. Entrepreneurship and innovation activities in this process are undeniably linked; however, the two disciplines do not address them uniformly. Therefore, the research describing the corporate entrepreneurial and innovation processes is not aligned. In this study, we aimed to analyze entrepreneurship and innovation process approaches comparatively in an existing business context and to propose the triple-bottom-line corporate entrepreneurial (conceptual) process model for innovation and business sustainability. We provided insight into the dynamics of the entrepreneurial process in the existing business over time: A roadmap to evaluate the enablers and the critical elements for the innovation to transform and sustain. We proposed a harmonized stage model of the corporate entrepreneurial innovation process, where stage output artifact artifact artefacts mark the progression of the process, making it measurable. We provided conclusions from the literature review, a generalized model, and propositions on critical aspects of the entrepreneurial innovation process to happen, transform, and sustain.</p> </abstract>

A Systematic Literature Review of Organizational Performance through Talent Management Strategies

This research aims to deeply and thoroughly analyze various talent management strategies that have been proposed and implemented in the related literature. The research method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by following the PRISMA stages to collect, review, and synthesize key findings related to optimizing organizational performance through talent management strategies over the past five years (2018-2023). This research will focus on identifying strategies that have proven successful in creating a work environment that supports the development and optimal utilization of employee potential. By involving concepts such as recruitment, employee development, retention, and overall talent management, this research aims to provide a holistic view of how organizations can integrate talent management strategies to achieve optimal performance goals. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for business practitioners, HR managers, and researchers in the development and implementation of effective talent management strategies. In addition, this research can serve as a foundation for the development of conceptual models that can be adapted by organizations in the face of changing market dynamics and competition.

In-store Customer perception and buying behavior towards home furniture- Development of Conceptual Model

Purpose: Intellectually a paper that aims at developing a conceptual model that identifies customer perception and buying behavior of customers while buying home furniture. Home furniture is an individual family choice where all family members are involved in the buying process. The buying process changes when the needs of the family change and the buying behavior makes a difference in the process of buying a product that suits all the family members of a family. Hence the buying behavior of people and their preference of brand shapes the customer preference of in-store buying and a thought process of conceptual model is based on literature review and established theories of customers Design: Data from secondary sources is sourced from various publications, textbooks, and various journal papers engaging various search engines such as ResearchGate SSRN, Base, Semantics, and Inflibnet. Various points and statements, postulates, and a variety of affecting factors to customer perception is written engaging a dedicated group that is a focus group interaction method. Findings: This field of study identified various determining points for customer utility of in-store customer perception such as perceptional benefits, past feelings experience, subjective based norms, and system quality which are proposed to influence the attitude and perception of the customers Originality: This paper highlights the various affecting factors influencing the customer’s preference to use instore purchases of home furniture Paper type: Development of conceptual model based on a review of Literature.

Flocculation under combined effects of hydrodynamic and subaqueous biomass in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) of a microtidal estuary

The flocculation dynamics within the bottom boundary layer (BBL) of tidal estuaries constitute a pivotal and intricate aspect entwined with hydrodynamics and morphodynamics. In microtidal estuaries, where saltwater intrusion occurs, the ensuing impacts on ecosystems, biological habitats, and human activities underscore necessity for comprehensive understanding. In pursuit of elucidating flocculation dynamics within estuarine BBLs, an extensive 25-hour survey was conducted throughout a complete tidal-cycle in the Huangmaohai estuary, China. This investigation encompassed the collection of data pertaining hydrodynamics, biochemical characteristics of suspended flocs within the BBL. The observed irregular semidiurnal tide was delineated into six distinct stages: I) Weak flood, II) Flood slack, III) Strong ebb, IV) Ebb slack, V) Strong flood and VI) Flood slack. The amalgamation of empirical findings and theoretical analyses has facilitated the development of conceptual model delineating the intricate processes and interactions of multiple factors within each stage (I-VI) in the BBL of a prototypical micro-tidal estuary. Notably, it reveals biological factors exhibit a significantly higher efficacy in estuarine flocculation dynamics within the BBL compared to the chemical ion attractions, attributable to variations in salinity. Further nuances emerged, indicating that semi-liquid extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) plays a substantial role in the formation of high-density flocs, particularly during periods of heightened turbulent shear conditions in flood and ebb times (I, III, V). Conversely, particulate biological debris predominantly contributes to low-density flocs characterized by a low settling velocity, particularly for large flocs >200 μm during tidal slacks (I, IV), and smaller median-sized flocs (70–200 μm) during flood or ebb times (III, V) due to turbulent induced breakage of bio-particles. This study underscores the significance of quantitative investigations into the biological components within individual flocs under estuarine hydrodynamics as a pivotal step towards comprehending flocculation mechanisms and predicting cohesive sediment transport within the BBLs of estuaries.

Youth sociopolitical development: A conceptual framework by racial and gender minoritized youth organizers.

Youth sociopolitical development (SPD) is a powerful protective and promotive factor for marginalized adolescents'social, emotional, physical, and academic well-being. Despite having unique insight and experiential knowledge about SPD processes, youth have been excluded from conceptual framework and model development. As part of a Youth Participatory Action Research project, 11 adolescents (ages 14-19) and one adult ask "How do adolescent community organizers with varying social and political experiences conceptualize youth SPD?"We used a multiple case study design, with a grounded theory analytic approach. The YPAR collective identified four interrelated, experiential domains of youth SPD: thinking, feeling, doing and relating. Within each domain, we identified and defined key constructs and practices. The YPAR collective's qualitative inquiry resulted in more nuance for existing frameworks of critical consciousness and critical action, and the collective pushes the SPD field to better integrate social and emotional aspects of SPD practice. They offer a conceptual framework that is rooted in their experiential, sensory, learned, and social knowledge, from a multiple-marginalized positionality. These insights enrich the fields of SPD research and practice.

Anticipated Attributes of Chief Executive Officers Based on Newly Developed CEO Matrix

Purpose: To evaluate deep into the multifaceted realm of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) attributes, aiming to comprehensively explore and analyze the diverse qualities that define effective leadership at the highest echelons of organizations. Central to this exploration is the utilization of a newly developed CEO Matrix, designed as a comprehensive tool to categorize and assess CEO attributes across a spectrum of competencies. Methodology: A conceptual model development and analysis method using an exploratory research method and Bloom's higher-order thinking is adopted. Further analysis of the newly developed CEO matrix is made using the ABCD analysis framework. Findings: A CEO matrix is developed based on analysis of various attributes of a CEO as manager, leader, visionary, technocrat, financial acumen, decision maker, emotional hero, role model, etc. Low and High values of Leadership Skills and Financial Acumen are selected as two parameters to represent the matrix. CEO falls into each quadrant is named suitably as (1) Visionary Leader (High Leadership, Low Financial Acumen) (2) Financial Strategist: (Low Leadership, High Financial Acumen), (3) Master/Super Strategist: (High Leadership, High Financial Acumen), and (4) Developing Leader: (Low Leadership, Low Financial Acumen). The CEO matrix is further discussed using Bloom’s Higher-order research skills. Originality/Values: A 2x2 CEO matrix is created with two parameters (Leadership effectiveness and financial acumen. The CEO matrix is analysed based on Higher order thinking research skills and the ABCD analysis framework. Research Type: Exploratory.

New MT surveys and 3D resistivity imaging beneath the Ngozi-Rungwe volcanoes at the triple rift junction of the East African Rift System in SW Tanzania: Support for integrated interpretations of geothermal conceptual models

The geothermal system related to the Ngozi and Rungwe volcanoes, SW Tanzania, lies at the intersection of the west and east branches of the East African Rift System and has been investigated by many geoscientists for decades. Here we present a 3D electrical resistivity model based on 190 magnetotelluric resistivity soundings that have been integrated with geochemical and geological results to support the development of the geothermal resource conceptual model presented here. The model includes two separate reservoirs, a larger system located beneath the Rungwe volcano and a smaller chloride water reservoir located under the Ngozi caldera, which contains a neutral chloride hot spring with geothermometry >230°C. An extensive conductive clay cap with variable thickness extends along the 30 km long NW-SE trending Ngozi-Rungwe Fault Zone from the Kiejo area SE of the Rungwe volcano to the Ngozi caldera. The absence of geothermal surface manifestations directly over the inferred Rungwe upflow zone is consistent with effective sealing of the proposed underlying geothermal reservoir by the clay cap. The scarcity of thermal manifestations on the up-dip margins of the low-resistivity clay cap can be explained by coincidence of the base of the clay cap with impermeable Precambrian formations and by structural boundaries. This interpretation implies that the area with the highest geothermal resource potential is the Rungwe volcano where proposed drilling sites might intersect the proposed high-temperature reservoir.