Development Of Computer Networks Research Articles

Commons/Commodity: Peer Production Caught in the Web of the Commercial Market

The development of digital technology and computer networks has enabled many kinds of online collaboration. This article examines Zimuzu, a Chinese case of online peer production, which provides an opportunity to extend our understanding of how the tensions between the commodity and commons production models are being articulated in an online setting. Using empirical evidence collected from face-to-face interviews, online posts and online ethnographic observation, our analysis demonstrates that there is constant negotiation over which aspects of the two seemingly opposing models will be adopted by the community. We argue that it is important to conceptualize the peer production process as being influenced by power relations within and between the translation groups as well as between the groups and other commercial organizations.

Design and Implementation of SNMP-Based Web Network Management System

With the rapid development of computer network, the network architecture is increasingly complicated; the scale of network extends continuously. Therefore, the functions and positions of the network management are also more and more important. The Web-Based network management, making users manage the network and system expediently and simply, combining Web technology and modern distributed network management technology, which can also be updated and customized easily to meet the different needs, is an important direction of the development of the network management technology in the future. This paper proposes an a SNMP-based Web network management system using B/S structure, which has features of flexible structure, easily extensible, user-friendly features and so on.

The Development Research of Digital Watermarking Technology

With the development of computer network and information, digital product is more and more popular. So the problem of protecting the digital product's copyright is urgent and important. Digital watermarking contains the copyright information and authentication information, and protects legal copy and distribution of digital products, which has been the hotspot of international academia. The paper analyze digital watermarking technology, and discuss its various algorithm, point out their characteristic and disadvantages. A good digital watermarking algorithm need to implement blind extraction, robustness and resistance of noise attacks, JPEG compress attacks, geometric attacks etc. In the end, the paper a introduce the current state of this technique and propose several directions of development of digital watermarking at next stage.

Virtual Simulation and Remote Desktop Interface for CNC Milling Operation

Advanced development of computer network through Internet brings the technology to Manufacturing. Increasing the demand for effectively use of the production facility requires the tools for sharing the manufacturing facility by remote operation of the machining process. This paper introduces the methodology of machining technology for direct remote operation of networked milling machine. The tools including virtual simulation using CAD model, remote desktop protocol and Setup Free Attachment for remote operation of milling process are proposed. Accessing and monitoring of machining operation is performed by remote desktop interface and 3D virtual simulations. Capability of remote operation is supported by an auto setup attachment with a reconfigurable pin type setup free technology installed on the table of CNC milling machine to perform unattended machining process. The system is designed using a computer server and connected to a PC based controlled CNC machine for real time monitoring. A client will access the server through internet communication and virtually simulate the machine activity. The result has been presented that combination between real time virtual simulation and remote desktop tool is enabling to operate all machine tool functions and as well as workpiece setup.

NC Machine Tool Control System Design Based on CAN Bus

With the development of computer network and automation technology, network production of NC machine tool has become trend in enterprise. Aim at communicate interface of NC machine tool, a NC machine tool control system design based on CAN bus was presented. Asynchronism serial communication software between DNC host computer with NC system and hardware realization of CAN bus communication and the key technologies for realizing system were discussed in detail.

Analysis of Computer Network Reliability and Criticality: Technique and Features

The paper describes modern technologies of Computer Network Reliability. Software tool is developed to estimate of the CCN critical failure probability (construction of a criticality matrix) by results of the FME(C)A-technique. The internal information factors, such as collisions and congestion of switchboards, routers and servers, influence on a network reliability and safety (besides of hardware and software reliability and external extreme factors). The means and features of Failures Modes and Effects (Critical) Analysis (FME(C)A) for reliability and criticality analysis of corporate computer networks (CCN) are considered. The examples of FME(C)A-Technique for structured cable system (SCS) is given. We also discuss measures that can be used for criticality analysis and possible means of criticality reduction. Finally, we describe a technique and basic principles of dependable development and deployment of computer networks that are based on results of FMECA analysis and procedures of optimization choice of means for fault-tolerance ensuring.

A Robust Oblivious Watermark System base on Hybrid Error Correct Code

Due to the rapid development of computer networks and data communication technologies, communication using digital media (text, picture, sound, video, etc.) has become more and more frequent. Digital media can be readily duplicated, modified, and transmitted, making them easy for people to create, manipulate, and enjoy. Thus the protection of the intellectual property rights of digital images becomes an important issue. Watermark is an effective and popular technique for discouraging illegal copying and distribution of copyrighted digital image information. In this paper, we proposed the method for robust watermarking. First, the robust watermarking scheme performed in the frequency domain. It can be used to prove the ownership. Second, we can provide a high degree of robustness against JPEG compression attacks by the source coding, and protect the transmit information by channel coding. We adopt the data distribution idea to avoid the continue information attack, because it will destroy the entire error correction scheme. Experimental results are also presented to demonstrate the validity and robustness of the approach.

MEMBANGUN SERVER VOIP DENGAN ASTERISK DI LINUX BESERTA ADMINISTRASI USER BERBASIS WEBSITE

The development of computer network allows for rapid pass voice traffic over computer networks or common called VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol). Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology capable of passing voice traffic and video or even a form of data packets over a computer network based on IP (Internet protocol). Major emphasis of VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) is the cost. With two locations that are connected to the internet or network then the conversation becomes very low cost even close to free (Rp0, 00 -). This system is designed using an asterisk on fedora 7 -1.6.0.13 Keywords : VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol)

SYReLIB – Enhancing the global connections of Syria’s academic community

This is a brief report on a pilot project funded by the European Commission TEMPUS programme concerned with the modernisation of the university libraries in Syria and the enhanced visibility of the research outputs of the Syrian academic community. As background, it outlines the current state of the country's electronic and scholarly publishing, and the development of national and university computer networks. It reviews the project's contribution to introduction of automated library management systems with online catalogues and institutional repositories, and the expansion of journal collections. The issues likely to impact on further developments are discussed. Aspects of current professional education, including a shortage of qualified librarians with contemporary professional knowledge and skills, inhibit development. Other major challenges are the lack of effective strategic planning and poor management systems.

SYReLIB – Enhancing the global connections of Syria's academic community

This is a brief report on a pilot project funded by the European Commission TEMPUS programme concerned with the modernisation of the university libraries in Syria and the enhanced visibility of the research outputs of the Syrian academic community. As background, it outlines the current state of the country's electronic and scholarly publishing, and the development of national and university computer networks. It reviews the project's contribution to introduction of automated library management systems with online catalogues and institutional repositories, and the expansion of journal collections. The issues likely to impact on further developments are discussed. Aspects of current professional education, including a shortage of qualified librarians with contemporary professional knowledge and skills, inhibit development. Other major challenges are the lack of effective strategic planning and poor management systems.

A Novel Model for Evaluating Optimal Parameters of Security and Quality of Service

W ith the development of computer network, both quality of service (QoS) and security of service are more and more concerned by customers. However, QoS may descend evidently by the deployment of security, because security mechanisms always induce extra resource consumption. In order to meet the requirement of real-time and secure multimedia applications, this paper propose s a novel model, named evaluation model with an adaptive immune algorithm to get optimal parameters of security and QoS . Simulations show that the proposed model is eff ective to achieve optimal balance between the security and the QoS .

A Hybrid Intelligent Learning Algorithm to Identify the ECNS Based on FBP Optimized by GA

Along with the development of computer network, the electronic commerce has bec o me the new pattern to carry on the commercial activity gradually, but the security problem is also getting more and more prominent. How to identify the E-commerce network security (ECNS) rating and establish a security convenient application environment for the electronic commerce has already bec o me a major concern topic that needs to be settled urgently. To identify the ECNS rating scientifically and accurately, this paper proposes a hybrid intelligent learning algorithm which uses the genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the fuzzy back-propagation (FBP) neural network. The algorithm not only can exert the unique advantages of BP neural network (BPNN), but also overcome the shortcoming to produce the local minimum points in the network modeling process and enhance the accuracy of network security identification greatly. The ECNS identification results for 14 E-commerce systems show that the method is reliable and efficiency.

Multimedia Technology and its Application Based on Optical Network

With the rapid development of computer network, multimedia technology for e-education is widely applied in everywhere. With increasing availability of spatial data, there is an urgent need to develop way and means for providing easy accessibility and promote spatial data sharing. In this paper, we analyze the multimedia technology, discuss the multimedia technology in video and audio. Multimedia technology has promoted a large amount of research in the area of image and video processing. With the support of optical network, multimedia system can offer a lot of applications in e-learning.

Cyberculture: Impacts on Netizen

Macek (2004) highlighted a typology of current concepts of cyberculture. Four different concepts were identified, which are spans utopian, information, anthropological and epistemological concepts of cyberculture. Macek (2004) also highlighted four different periods of the cyberculture and its impacts on netizen. The very first foundations of cyberculture originate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) at the turn of the 1950s and the 1960s. Early cyberculture reached its peak in the late 1970s and in the 1980s. Early cyberculture originates in the American hackers’ subcultures. The second period of cyberculture can be broadly set to the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s. The beginning of the third period was characterised by a significant transformation at all the levels of early cyberculture, a shift that was related to the accelerated spread of microcomputers and to the development of public computer networks. This fourth period begins at the end of the 1980s and ends in about the middle of the 1990s.

Tele-education as Method of Medical Education

Development of computer networks and introduction and application of new technologies in all aspects of human activity needs to be followed by universities in their transformation on how to approach scientific, research, and education teaching curricula. Development and increased use of distance learning (DL) over the past decade have clearly shown the potential and efficiency of information technology applied in education. Use of information technology in medical education is where medical informatics takes its place as important scientific discipline which ensures benefit from IT in teaching and learning process involved. Definition of telemedicine as "use of technologies based on health care delivered on distance" covers areas such as electronic health, tele-health (eHealth), telematics, but also tele-education. Web based medical education today is offered in different forms--from online lectures, online exams, web based continuous education programs, use of electronic libraries, online medical and scientific databases etc. Department of Medical Informatics of Medical Faculty of University of Sarajevo has taken many steps to introduce distance learning in medical curricula--from organising professional--scientific events (congresses, workshop etc), organizing first tele-exam at the faculty and among first at the university, to offering online lectures and online education material at the Department's website (www.unsa-medinfo.org). Distance learning in medical education, as well as telemedicine, significantly influence health care in general and are shaping the future model of medical practice. Basic computer and networks skills must be a part of all future medical curricula. The impact of technical equipment on patient-doctor relationship must be taken into account, and doctors have to be trained and prepared for diagnosing or consulting patients by use of IT. Telemedicine requires special approach in certain medical fields--tele-consultation, tele-surgery, tele-radiology and other specific telemedicine applications should be introduced to the curricula. Telemedicine and distance learning are best suited for medical education and doctor-to-doctor consultation--first contact between doctor and a patient should stay face-to-face when possible. In this paper, we present the results of the project Introduction and Implementation of Distance Learning at the Medical Faculty of University of Sarajevo and compare it with the following expected outcomes: development and integration of information technology in medical education; creation of flexible infrastructure which will enable access to e-learning to all students and teaching staff; improvement of digital literacy of academic population; ensuring high educational standards to students and teaching staff; helping medical staffto develop "life-long learning" approach in work and education.

WATERMARKING FOR 3D POLYGONS USING WAVELET TRANSFORM AND MODIFIED TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM

Recent developments in computer technologies and networks have enabled the use of high-quality digital contents, such as electronic documents, images, and audio and video contents. A watermarking technique has recently been developed for the copyright protection of these digital contents. There are few watermarking techniques for three-dimensional (3D) geometric models, such as solid models or polygonal models. In the present paper, we propose an optimization problem for embedding watermarks on 3D polygon models. Then, using a genetic algorithm, we obtain the approximately optimum solutions for an original problem and a partial problem, which has an advantage with respect to security over the corresponding original problem. For embedding and extracting the watermark, we use a simplified method based on the previous study using the wavelet transform. The structure of the optimization problem examined in the present research is the same as that for the Traveling Salesman Problem, except for the objective function and the two additional constraints.

INVESTIGATION ON QUALITY OF SERVICE IN BGP/MPL VPN NETWORK BASED ON SPECIAL SERVICE

The expansion of Internet, increases the number of users and applications. Having higher speed and better quality are the main chalanges of computer network development. Using MPLS and proper traffic design, it is possible to improve the quality of service and reduce the possibility of congestion. It is possible to use MPLS in a BGP/MPLS VPN network for data transmition. In this paper we explain BGP/MPLS VPN and we implement an MPLS network based on Diffserv over VPN services. Using OPNET various senarios are simpulated. In most of the previous proposed systems, with incressing the number of low traffic priority sources like BE and AF, higher priority traffic like EF faces difficulty. Our simulation shows with using traffic engineering, congestion control for low priority sourses and management methods, it is possible to have better quality of services for those traffics which are sensitive to delay.

Audio watermarking scheme based on embedding strategy in low frequency components with a binary image

With the recent development of information technology and computer network, digital format of data has become more and more popular. However, a major problem faced by digital data providers and owners is protecting data from unauthorized copying and distribution. As a solution to the problem, digital watermark technology is now attracting attention as new method of protection against said unauthorized copying and distribution. The aim of the digital audio watermarking is to take prespecified data that carries certain information and hide it within the audio stream such that it is not audible to the human ear (i.e., transparent) but at the same time renders the file more resistant to removal (i.e., robust). In this paper, we propose a new method for embedding digital watermarks into audio signals in low frequency components, which method mitigates these and other related shortcomings. The proposed method uses the wavelet transform constructed by lifting-based wavelet transform (LBWT) in order to provide a fast implementation between watermark embedding and extraction parts. In the first stage of the proposed method, the original audio host signal is converted to a wavelet domain using LBWT. The signal is thus decomposed into low and high frequency components. Approximation coefficients correspond to low frequency components of the signal. Next, the watermark generated by pseudorandom numbers is embedded into wavelet approximation coefficients of the segmented host audio signal depending on the binary value of the binary image. The reason for embedding the watermark in the low frequency components is that these components' energy is greater than that of high frequency components in such a way that the watermark is inaudible; therefore, it should not alter the audible content and should not be easy to remove. The proposed method uses a binary image to decide whether or not the watermark generated by pseudorandom numbers is embedded in the audio host signal. To evaluate the performance of the proposed audio watermarking method, subjective and objective quality tests including bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are conducted. The tests' results show that the proposed method yields a high recovery rate after attacks by commonly used audio data manipulations such as low-pass filtering, requantization, resampling and MP3 compression.

Identifiability of flow distributions from link measurements with applications to computer networks

We study the problem of identifiability of distributions of flows on a graph from aggregate measurements collected on its edges. This is a canonical example of a statistical inverse problem motivated by recent developments in computer networks. In this paper (i) we introduce a number of models for multi-modal data that capture their spatio-temporal correlation, (ii) provide sufficient conditions for the identifiability of nth order cumulants and also for a special class of heavy tailed distributions. Further, we investigate conditions on network routing for the flows that prove sufficient for identifiability of their distributions (up to mean). Finally, we extend our results to directed acyclic graphs and discuss some open problems.

Practitioner Perspectives on the use of Technology in Fieldwork Teaching

During the last decade, technological developments in computer hardware, software and networks, combined with increasing pressures on staff and students, have led to a proliferation of Communication and Information Technology (C&IT) within the Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences (GEES) disciplines. This research investigates the role of C&IT within field courses, which in this paper are conceived of as a specific approach to teaching in the GEES disciplines. Through a national survey of field courses, the general level of usage of C&IT in the field was established. This was supplemented by an expert group analysis, which focused on the reasons behind the use of C&IT in the field. It was concluded that most use of C&IT in the field is driven by technological rather than pedagogic innovation.