This paper explores the significance, opportunities, and challenges presented by the intelligent era for the professional development of college teachers. We categorize teachers' professional development into four key dimensions: professional concepts, knowledge, skills, and emotional intelligence. The intelligent era offers various opportunities, including the innovation of teaching methodologies, the transformation of educational paradigms, and the evolution of learning styles. However, it also poses significant challenges, such as the redefinition of teachers' identities, the transition from fragmented to systematic knowledge, and the increasing demands for digital literacy and higher-order cognitive skills. In response to these dynamics, it is imperative for college educators to actively engage with these changes and continuously enhance their professionalism to effectively guide the evolution of education.