Psychological Development Of Children Research Articles

The Causes and Countermeasures of Juvenile Delinquency Motivation

Under the background of rapid development, people pay more and more attention to minors in society. Juvenile delinquency has always been a hot topic, and juvenile delinquency has become the mainstream of people's attention. It has become an important research topic in the main psychological field to study the causes of juvenile delinquency and its preventive measures. This paper aims to combine the psychological motivation of juvenile delinquency, analyze the factors that affect juvenile delinquency and analyze the reasons of juvenile delinquency from the perspectives of family, society and campus. The harmony of family relationship and parents' education directly affect children's psychological development. School is the key environment for young people to learn and interact with others, and school violence is the main factor leading to juvenile delinquency. The misconduct of teenagers may be attributed to the Internet. By studying this theme, we can support the reduction and prevention of juvenile delinquency. In addition, this study can also help to understand the causes of juvenile delinquency.

Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on the Cognitive and Psychological Development of Children at Different Stages of Childhood

Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on the Cognitive and Psychological Development of Children at Different Stages of Childhood

Exploring the Impact of Parenting Styles on Children’s Academic and Mental Health

(Objective) This article examines how different parenting styles relate to children's academic and psychological adjustment, focusing on scholastic engagement, persistence, emotional resilience, and stress management. (Method) The study reviews empirical research through the lens of Basic Psychological Need Theory and Self-esteem Theory, analyzing four parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. (Results) The findings emphasize the importance of academic adjustment for scholastic achievement and psychological adjustment for emotional well-being. The study highlights the need for an encouraging family environment, effective parenting methods, and educational interventions to promote children's academic and psychological development. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms by which parenting styles influence child adjustment.

Families with Internationally Adopted Children in Finland: A Study of Emotional Availability in the Early Interaction.

A well-functioning parent-child relationship is crucial for the child's psychological development. We examined the Emotional Availability (EA) in the early interaction of internationally adopted children with their mothers. We also studied whether the quality of the interaction was associated with the sex of the adopted children, the age at the time of adoption, the time they had spent in the family and parental depressive symptoms. The study sample was part of the Finnish Adoption (FinAdo) study and included 79 children (mean age at adoption = 2.58years, SD = 1.51months, 37% girls) and their adoptive mothers in Finland. The mother-child interactions were examined with Emotional Availability Scales (EAS) during the first months after adoption (mean = 6.3months). Our results showed that the overall EA scores were relatively high (mean 4.78-6.18), although the mean levels of parent sensitivity, parent non-intrusiveness, child responsiveness and child involvement were under the high zone of the EA (< 5.5). Children adopted at a younger age and boys received lower scores in the interaction analysis. Our results suggest that families with internationally adopted children seem to be able to create a well-functioning early relationship between the mother and the child.

CHILDREN’S RIGHT TO PROTECTION FROM LABOUR AND SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

Children's rights have a very important place in human rights law. One of the important steps towards protecting fundamental children's rights is establishing a 'special juvenile justice system.' Special laws for children in modern societies are important in protecting children's rights. In addition to special laws, international agreements in this context play a key role in protecting and developing children's rights. There are different forms of child exploitation, such as sexual exploitation, child labour, physical abuse, psychological abuse, forced marriage, sexual assault, organized begging, etc. Nowadays, we see a significant increase globally when we look at the data related to child abuse and child labour. When it comes to child sexual abuse, no universally accepted definition defines sexual abuse. In this context, it is also important to emphasize the difference between sexual abuse and sexual exploitation. When we consider child labour, child labour negatively affects children's mental, social, physical, and psychological development. Child workers work long hours, often in dangerous conditions, to contribute to the livelihood of their families. Working conditions, also prevent these children from going to school, spending time with their peers, playing games, and spending their free time. There are important international conventions such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child; the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (Lanzarote Convention); Optional Protocol of the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale and sexual exploitation of children; The Budapest Convention; Convention 182 on The Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999; Maritime Labour Convention, 2006; Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation, 1999 (No. 190) that we should particularly highlight in terms of the prevention of both child sexual exploitations.

Institutionalization Of Children And Their Overall Development

The ideal environment for children's physical, psychological, and emotional development is within a family. All children should live in supportive, protective, and caring settings that enables them to achieve their full potential. Those with inadequate or no parental care are especially at risk of missing out on such nurturing environments. Many children in India lack a stable home and family. These include abandoned, surrendered, and orphaned children, as well as destitute children with families. These children are particularly vulnerable in terms of their right to survival, development, and protection. The State is accountable for protecting the rights pertaining to these children and ensuring appropriate alternative care through its competent authorities, such as nongovernmental organizations and civil society organizations. The Government also enacted the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015, which serves as the major legislative framework for child protection in India, ensuring the security, protection, education, welfare, and development of children in need. The paper attempts to explore the institutionalization of children, the shortcomings of such a process, and the felt needs of the children. It focuses on the concerns of institutionalization and the overall development of children, access to their rights, welfare provisions, and relevant legislations. It also looks at adoption as an alternative to institutionalization. The paper thus examines child care institutions from the perspective of the child and argues that institutional care should be the last resort. It also discusses contemporary social work and advocates for alternative care, along with comprehensive welfare measures to guarantee the protection and overall development of children in need

Secure base and mental health in children: a narrative review.

Childhood is a crucial period for the formation of an individual's attachment type. Previous studies focused more on how to directly intervene in children's mental health problems such as depression, and less on how to improve children's mental health from the perspective of attachment relationship. Secure base, as one of the core concepts of attachment theory, plays an important role in the whole process of children's psychological development. In this article, we review the concept of the secure base, describe current clinical practice and suggest future directions. A literature search was performed within electronic databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI. Chinese and English articles focusing on the secure base and attachment relationship among children were retrieved. Their publication dates were set from the inception of the database to August 6, 2024. While the secure base significantly impacts early childhood, a safe base may also be established through group and teacher-student relationships to activate individual secure attachment schemas. Most prior studies concentrated on the mother-child bond, with limited exploration of the father's role in the family dynamic. Furthermore, children's secure attachment development is not only influenced by parents' secure base script knowledge (SBSK) but also by intergenerational transmission. The underlying structure of secure base scripting knowledge plays a distinct role in middle childhood mental health. The mechanism by which family structure, the functional division of family roles, and the potential structure of safe-base script knowledge influence children's secure attachment development at various stages warrants further elucidation, including investigating cross-gender and cross-cultural stability. To facilitate the development of children's secure attachment pathways, it is essential to consider different attachment styles within parents and diverse family structures (including those in lesbian, gay, bisexual). From a clinical psychotherapy perspective, this review offered novel insights and practical guidance on how the secure base mechanism impacts children's mental health, with the overarching goal of mitigating the risk of mental health problems.

Seminar Parenting: Mendidik Anak Dengan Keteladanan dan Cinta

The seminar "Educating Children with Exemplary Behavior and Love," held on August 11, 2024, at the Community Center RW 05, Kelurahan Sangiang Jaya, aimed to equip parents with knowledge about the importance of role modeling and affection in child education. The methods used included a presentation by a speaker and a question-and-answer session. The results of the seminar showed that consistent application of role modeling and affection can improve the parent-child relationship and enhance parenting effectiveness. The implications of these results highlight the need for parents to integrate these principles into their daily lives to support optimal child development. Participants explored the importance of being a good example in daily life and how role modeling can shape children’s character and behavior. Additionally, the seminar discussed how to create a loving environment that provides emotional support for children's psychological and social development. The seminar aimed to help parents build healthy and harmonious relationships with their children and prepare them to become empathetic and responsible individuals.

Challenges in Implementing Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Materials: A Survey of Primary School Teachers

The study investigates the current state of training materials used to prevent child sexual abuse, focusing on their frequency of use and the challenges faced by teachers in implementing these resources. The research surveyed 534 primary school teachers in Can Tho, Ho Chi Minh City and Binh Duong, revealing that while the materials are generally regarded as useful, they are utilized only at an "average" level, with 54.3% of teachers referencing "Books, newspapers, magazines" during lesson planning. Despite the appreciation for the content and form of these resources, the study identifies significant challenges, notably the time and effort required by teachers to select scientifically sound materials, with an average difficulty score of 3.62. The research highlights that the existing materials, although scientifically based, are often too academic and difficult to apply in practical teaching scenarios. The findings underscore the fragmented and emotionally driven nature of current resources, which lack a solid scientific foundation tailored to children's psychological development. Consequently, this results in inadequate access to well-constructed materials by both parents and children. The study's outcomes provide insights into the frequency of use and the obstacles teachers encounter, offering recommendations for improving the accessibility and applicability of these materials. However, the research is limited to a specific geographic area and teacher demographic, suggesting that the results may not be fully representative of the broader southern region or Vietnam as a whole.

Hilangnya Peran Orang Tua Terhadap Kondisi Psikologis dan Mental Anak "Studi Kasus: Emerging Adulthood"

The role of parents in a child's psychological and mental development is very important. However, in some cases, this role may be lost or reduced, which will have an impact on the child's psychological and mental state. In this context, the loss of parental roles may occur for various reasons, such as divorce, death, economic or other conditions that result in parents being unable to fulfill their roles fully. In many cases, this leads to children feeling deprived of attention, protection and affection from their parents. This study focuses on "Emerging Adulthood", the transition phase from adolescence to adulthood, where individuals undergo major changes in various aspects of their lives. This study aims to understand the impact of the loss of parental role in this phase to provide in-depth insights based on individual experiences.

Postpartum Depression and Its Impact of the Mother Child Relationship

Introduction: Depression is one of the main complications of the postpartum period [1]. Yet it is often insufficiently prevented, diagnosed and treated. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of postpartum depression and its impact on the mother-baby relationship, and to identify associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, over a three-month period from January 1 to March 31, 2022, of postpartum women using a hetero-questionnaire (socio-demographic data); Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Results: We enrolled 227 patients. The mean age of our patients was 28.8 ± 5.76 years.53.7% of our patients were primiparous, and 83.3% wanted their current pregnancy. 13.7% had given birth prematurely. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.1% and correlated with celibacy, low educational level, lack of desire for pregnancy and poor marital relationship. Post-partum depression is said to have an impact on family dynamics, mainly on the mother-baby relationship, and later on the child's psychological balance and development, as assessed by the PBQ. The PBQ came back disturbed in our study. Conclusion: Therapeutic, preventive and even curative measures should be proposed for postpartum women, from educational measures for women and their close circle, psychotherapeutic means to well timed and appropriate drug prescription before complications set in.

Edukasi Anti-Bulyying Melalui Strategi Kolaboratif Aliansi Siswa-Guru Dalam Menciptakan Zona Bebas Perundungan di Sekolah Dasar

Bullying in elementary school is a serious problem that can negatively impact children's psychological and academic development. The main problem identified was the high rate of bullying in primary schools which negatively impacted students' emotional and academic well-being. The purpose of this educational seminar is to develop and implement anti-bullying strategies that involve the active participation of students and support from teachers, as well as to evaluate their effectiveness in creating a safe school environment. The method used involves designing a collaboration-based anti-bullying education program, training teachers and students, and implementing related activities. Data was collected through surveys, interviews, and observations to measure changes in bullying rates, student attitudes, and school climate. The results of the study showed that the implementation of collaborative strategies was effective in reducing the incidence of bullying and increasing students' awareness of positive behavior. In addition, there is an increase in student involvement in anti-bullying activities and stronger support from teachers. In conclusion, the collaborative strategy of the student-teacher alliance succeeded in creating a bullying-free zone at Sukaraja Elementary School. The program not only reduces bullying but also improves the overall school climate, demonstrating the importance of the involvement of all parties in bullying prevention efforts

The Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Children's Perception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Perception is an essential component of children's psychological development, which is foundational to children's ability to understand and adapt to their external environment. Perception is also a crucial tool for understand and navigating one's surroundings, enabling children to identify objects and react appropriately to settings or situations. Substantial evidence indicates that engaging in physical activity is beneficial for the development of children's perceptual abilities, as the two are closely intertwined. Still, more research is necessary to gain a full understanding of the impact of physical activity on children's perception. To further identify and quantify the effects of physical activity on a number of specific perceptions in children. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches were performed using five online databases (i.e., PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for articles published up to and including June 2023 to identify eligible citations. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 1,761 children under the age of 12, were analyzed. Overall, physical activity as an intervention showed a notable effect on the development of children's perceptions. The meta-analysis indicated that participating in physical activity for 30 minutes around, daily, had a greater impact on children's visual perception and executive functioning than on their motor perception, body perception, and global self-worth (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.91, p < 0.001). The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied by participant characteristics, with physical activity having better effects on body perception and overall self-worth in children who were obese or overweight. Furthermore, physical activity can also enhance executive function and attention in children with developmental coordination disorders. The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied according to the intervention time, with different activity durations resulting in different perception performances. Therefore, parents and educators must prioritize an appropriate length of physical activity time for children to ensure their optimal growth and development. Registration and protocol CRD42023441119.

O‘SMIRLIK DAVRI PSIXOLOGIYASINING UMUMIY XUSUSIYATLARI

This article analyzes the processes of physiological and psychological development of children in adolescence and their specific characteristics.

The Mediating Role of Moral Disengagement in the Association Between Maltreatment and Bullying Perpetration: Testing the Differences of Gender and Household Registration

ABSTRACTAlthough previous studies have indicated that adverse childhood experiences profoundly impact children's psychological and behavioural development, comprehensive investigations into the direct and indirect mechanisms through which maltreatment affects bullying perpetration among Chinese children are lacking. This study aims to explore the effect of maltreatment on children's bullying perpetration and the potential mediating role of moral disengagement. Moreover, the gender and household registration differences in the associations are also investigated. Employing a multistage cluster sampling method, 1318 questionnaires were collected (612 males, 706 females, mean age = 15). Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the hypothesized theoretical model. The findings reveal that the experiences of maltreatment in early childhood directly influence children's bullying perpetration, with moral disengagement potentially mediating this association. Furthermore, substantial gender disparities exist in the effect of maltreatment on bullying perpetration, and notable variations based on household registration are observed in the association of maltreatment on children's moral disengagement. These findings enhance our understanding of how childhood maltreatment affects children's bullying perpetration and offer valuable insights for the development of social policy and intervention programmes targeting child maltreatment and school bullying.

Dampak Perceraian terhadap Anak Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan

The harmonious relationship between parents and children is crucial in a family, as the harmony within the household significantly influences the growth, development, and education of children. However, it is inherent in human nature that happiness, suffering, pain, joy, illness, harmony, and conflict are events that always come and go in human life. This study aims to describe the impact of divorce on children's psychological development. Using a literature review research approach, the author explains that divorce is not the end of the marital relationship, but parents who have divorced need to continue thinking about the future development and education of their children, as divorce not only affects their children but also impacts the spouses, with the greatest impact being on children's psychological development. The results of this study show that divorce has a negative impact on children's psychological development, as the overall psychological development of children whose parents are divorced is significantly disrupted. Furthermore, the negative impact of divorce includes a lack of love and attention from both parents. Family integrity is necessary to support children's psychological development and education. The lack of attention and affection towards children due to their parents' divorce creates feelings of anxiety, confusion, restlessness, shame, and sadness.

Perceived parental psychological control and the risk of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: a cross-sectional study

It is stated that parental psychological control (PC), which appears to hinder psychological development in children and adolescents, is associated with internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, parenting styles and practices vary across cultures. For this reason, to determine the risk of IGD in adolescents who are in the process of psychological development and to prevent it at an early stage, there is a need to better understand the effect of PC on the development of IGD. In this context, this study aims to examine the impact of perceived parental psychological control on the risk of Internet gaming disorder in Turkish adolescents. A cross-sectional design was used. The sample group consisted of 4498 students from eight public high schools in Turkey. Participant Information Form, the Psychological Control Scale, and the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale Short Form were used for collecting data. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of IGD increased as maternal disrespect-maternal psychological control and father disrespect scores increased. Paternal psychological control score had no significant effect on IGD risk. In the multivariate model, age, father’s education level, spending money on games, time spent playing daily games on weekdays and weekends, and father’s psychological score were found to be associated with IGD risk. The effects of maternal disrespect and maternal psychological control scores on the IGD risk varied according to the number of siblings and the education level of the mother. As a result, parental PC was determined to affect the risk of IGD in Turkish adolescents significantly.

Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress and Emotional Competence Among Young Adults

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress, and Emotional Competence among young adults age ranging between 18-25 years. Parenting style refers to the behaviour of the parents towards their children, it can differ as every parent has a different way of interacting and guiding their children. The perception of children about the parenting style they experienced is referred to as Perceived Parenting Style. Parenting styles play a significant role in a child's emotional, physical, and psychological development. Stress is a bodily reaction to a threatening situation. Emotional competence refers to an individual’s ability to manage and express their emotions in a healthy way. This study attempts to determine the correlation between perceived parenting style, perceived stress and emotional competence. The scales utilised to collect the sample were The Perceived parenting style scale (PPSS) by Divya and Manikandan, The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) developed by Sheldon Cohen and the Emotional Competence Scale (EC-Scale) developed by R. Bharadwaj and H. Sharma. The methods utilised to analyse the data were descriptive statistics, Independent t-test and Pearson’s Correlation. SPSS software was utilised for the analysis. The result indicates a significant relationship between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress and Emotional Competence.

The Development of Human Psychology: Retrospect and Prospect of Three Major Theoretical Perspectives

In the context of developmental psychology, many classic theories have provided insights and frameworks for understanding lifelong human development. The psychoanalytic theory holds a "nature determinism" tendency, focusing on the impact of early individual experiences on later development. Cognitive developmental theory emphasizes attention to action, suggesting that the essence of children's psychological development is the adaptation of the subject to the object through action. Social learning theory emphasizes the shaping role of later social experiences on individual psychological development, shifting the focus from genetics and environment to social factors. Future research could integrate relevant theories and propose comprehensive models to understand the lifelong development of human psychology.

Assessment of Sleep Habits and Problems in Children Aged 7 to 10: An Observational Study.

IntroductionAppropriate sleep habits play a pivotal role in the physical and psychological development of children. However, sleep deprivation or sleep problems can have a significant impact on children’s mental health and daily functioning. This study investigates the sleep habits and problems in children aged 7 to 10 who attend the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service at CHTMAD, Vila Real, Portugal.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study is to assess the sleep habits and problems in children aged 7 to 10, aiming to establish data that can guide the development, implementation, and reevaluation of future interventions tailored to this age group.MethodsThis study is observational in nature and involved the participation of 21 patients from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service at CHTMAD, Vila Real, Portugal, throughout the year 2022. Questionnaires related to sleep habits were administered to this population. Parents were invited to complete the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire (adapted from the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire by Prof. Owens, 2000), while the children (patients) were asked to fill out the Sleep Self Report-PT (adapted from Owens 2000 Research Version) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Por, by Robert Goodman, 2005).ResultsAs of now, the results of this study are still being processed. The data collected from the questionnaires will be analyzed to gain insights into the sleep habits and issues of children aged 7 to 10 years attending the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service in Vila Real, Portugal. Findings will be discussed, and any significant observations or trends will be highlighted.ConclusionsThis research aims to provide valuable insights into the sleep patterns and problems experienced by children in the specified age group. By understanding these issues, we can develop and implement targeted interventions to improve sleep quality and overall mental well-being. The conclusions drawn from this study will contribute to the development of evidence-based strategies for enhancing the sleep health of children in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service at CHTMAD, Vila Real, Portugal.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared