Psychological Development Of Children Research Articles

Dampak Perceraian terhadap Anak Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan

The harmonious relationship between parents and children is crucial in a family, as the harmony within the household significantly influences the growth, development, and education of children. However, it is inherent in human nature that happiness, suffering, pain, joy, illness, harmony, and conflict are events that always come and go in human life. This study aims to describe the impact of divorce on children's psychological development. Using a literature review research approach, the author explains that divorce is not the end of the marital relationship, but parents who have divorced need to continue thinking about the future development and education of their children, as divorce not only affects their children but also impacts the spouses, with the greatest impact being on children's psychological development. The results of this study show that divorce has a negative impact on children's psychological development, as the overall psychological development of children whose parents are divorced is significantly disrupted. Furthermore, the negative impact of divorce includes a lack of love and attention from both parents. Family integrity is necessary to support children's psychological development and education. The lack of attention and affection towards children due to their parents' divorce creates feelings of anxiety, confusion, restlessness, shame, and sadness.

Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress and Emotional Competence Among Young Adults

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress, and Emotional Competence among young adults age ranging between 18-25 years. Parenting style refers to the behaviour of the parents towards their children, it can differ as every parent has a different way of interacting and guiding their children. The perception of children about the parenting style they experienced is referred to as Perceived Parenting Style. Parenting styles play a significant role in a child's emotional, physical, and psychological development. Stress is a bodily reaction to a threatening situation. Emotional competence refers to an individual’s ability to manage and express their emotions in a healthy way. This study attempts to determine the correlation between perceived parenting style, perceived stress and emotional competence. The scales utilised to collect the sample were The Perceived parenting style scale (PPSS) by Divya and Manikandan, The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) developed by Sheldon Cohen and the Emotional Competence Scale (EC-Scale) developed by R. Bharadwaj and H. Sharma. The methods utilised to analyse the data were descriptive statistics, Independent t-test and Pearson’s Correlation. SPSS software was utilised for the analysis. The result indicates a significant relationship between Perceived Parenting Style, Perceived Stress and Emotional Competence.

The Development of Human Psychology: Retrospect and Prospect of Three Major Theoretical Perspectives

In the context of developmental psychology, many classic theories have provided insights and frameworks for understanding lifelong human development. The psychoanalytic theory holds a "nature determinism" tendency, focusing on the impact of early individual experiences on later development. Cognitive developmental theory emphasizes attention to action, suggesting that the essence of children's psychological development is the adaptation of the subject to the object through action. Social learning theory emphasizes the shaping role of later social experiences on individual psychological development, shifting the focus from genetics and environment to social factors. Future research could integrate relevant theories and propose comprehensive models to understand the lifelong development of human psychology.

Development and validation of a test instrument for the assessment of perceived basic motor competencies in first and second graders: the SEMOK-1-2 instrument.

Both actual motor competencies (AMC) and perceived motor competencies (PMC) play an important role in motor development research and children's physical and psychological development. PMC refer to children's perceptions of their motor competencies. To assess the PMC of first and second grade children (aged 6-9 years), the SEMOK-1-2 instrument was developed. The instrument is aligned to the validated MOBAK-1-2 instrument which assesses AMC in the competence areas "object movement" and "self-movement" Accounting for possible reading difficulties in younger children, the motor tasks and answer options were illustrated and explained verbally. The purpose of this study was to test and validate the SEMOK-1-2 instrument and investigate the associations between the constructs AMC, PMC and physical activity (PA), whereby PA was measured by the participation in team and individual sports. Data from N = 404 pupils in the German-speaking part of Switzerland from first and second grades (M = 7.8 years, SD = 0.69, 49% boys) were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factorial validity of the SEMOK-1-2 instrument. Structural equation models were used to investigate the association between the constructs. The analyses confirmed a two-factor structure with the factors PMC "object movement" and PMC "self-movement", corresponding to the factors existing in the MOBAK-1-2 instrument. Latent correlations between AMC factors and the corresponding PMC factors were r = 0.79 for "object movement" and r = 0.76 for "self-movement". Associations with external criteria and covariates, such as sex, were associated with both AMC and PMC. Analyses also revealed that children who participated more often in individual and team sports showed higher levels in both AMC and PMC. The confirmation of the two-factorial structure of the SEMOK-1-2 instrument and the associations between AMC and PMC as well as external criteria indicate construct and criterion validity. The SEMOK-1-2 instrument can be economically utilized for assessing PMC and is also suitable for the monitoring of PMC in the context of Physical Education.

Custody and Obligations of Parental Alimation of Children After the Breakup of Marriage Due to Divorce in Terms of Law Number 1 Of 1974 Concerning Marriage

<p><em>The research entitled;Parents' Custody Rights and Alimentary Obligations for Children After Dissolution of Marriage Due to Divorce in View of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage; was carried out in the jurisdiction of Jayapura City with the aim of finding out and analyzing the causal factors the occurrence of divorce and custody and fulfillment of parental alimony obligations towards children.</em></p><p><em>This research is empirical legal research using the Normative Juridical and Empirical Juridical approach methods. The Normative Juridical Approach is by reviewing the provisions of statutory regulations relating to the rights aspect of divorce and the legal consequences of divorce in relation to Custody Rights and Parental Alimony obligations following the dissolution of the marriage due to divorce, while the Empirical Juridical approach is by looking at the implementation of the provisions Laws relating to divorce and custody rights and parental alimony obligations apply in society. The results showed that the factors causing divorce in the city of Jayapura in general for the continuous disputes, disputes and quarrels triggered by the attitudes and behavior of both the husband and wife namely a. The existence of love with women and other men, b. Husband rarely goes home; c. Husband is light hand by beating the wife. Meanwhile, in most court decisions on divorce cases, the majority of judges decide that custody rights are given to the wife based on psychological considerations and legal considerations. The psychological considerations are because the children are still small and not yet mumayyiz so they still really need more attention from their mother, and the husband's morals are not good, so there are concerns that it will affect the child's psychological development during his growth period. Furthermore, regarding the fulfillment of alimony obligations in the context of the care and development of the child, in general it is not carried out well, generally parents (fathers) lack or neglect their alimony obligations towards the child on the grounds that they have a new family, because they are not given custody, because of their economic capabilities, so does not carry out his alimony obligations as ordered by the applicable statutory provisions.</em></p>

Public Relations Management at Family Institutions in Moral Education

Socio-cultural developments and changes indirectly affect children's development and education. This situation affects children, who are basically looking for someone who can become their philosophy of life, making it difficult for families to fulfill their obligations to educate their children. Society has a great influence on the ongoing activities related to education, and family education is the earliest educational institution in human civilization. Before knowing formal education, the position and role of the family in human life is very important, because it is the most basic. the most active and widespread in history. No age limit (covers multiple age groups), no time limit, anytime, anywhere. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of the family in education in public relations management. This study was conducted using a qualitative method, in which appropriate multi-reference studies were used, and then comparisons were made. The family, school and community environment is the center of education, but of the three, the family environment has the greatest influence on children's development. The result of this research is that this family education is basic education, because children get the first education in this family. In addition, family education has a great impact on children's lives, especially on children's psychological growth and development, as well as on social and religious values.
 Keyword : Family, Public, Education

Children Don't Like Eating What They're Supposed to Eat… A Study of Public Catering for Children in Hungary from a Historical Perspective

AbstractChildhood nutrition is an important element of lifestyle research, since the regularity and nutritional content of our meals as children, and the way in which they are eaten, determine our physical and mental health throughout our lives. Prior to 2018, there was no basic interdisciplinary research on this topic in Hungary, thus to fill the gap, an interdisciplinary research group was established in 2018 at the Institute of Ethnography, which carried out nationwide research. The present study is based on fieldwork undertaken by the author in two schools — the János Lenkey Primary School in Eger (formerly Primary School No. 1) and the Tamás Bolyki Primary School in Ózd — as well as a large amount of information gleaned from questionnaires and interviews. My research was also extended in terms of a historical and geographical perspective: I studied archival sources and expanded the field of my investigations by including Salgótarján, a research location familiar from my earlier research, which provided a vantage point alongside Ózd and Eger, as a third city typical of Northern Hungary. Public catering for children has undergone significant changes in the last six to seven years, although prior to this it had appeared relatively uniform, in line with the ingredients available at the time. The obligation to provide public catering and the general obligation to work, which began in the Rákosi era and culminated in the Kádár era, significantly changed family eating habits. Traditional elements typical of a particular locality disappeared as the globalization efforts of socialism were accomplished. The ever-decreasing amount of time devoted to preparing, cooking, and consuming food moved society in the direction of canteens, fast-food restaurants, and later, after the regime change, global fast-food chains. Education on proper nutrition is not currently part of academic teacher training, thus for want of a better alternative, teachers organize children's school meals based on their own experience and socialization or following the school's regulations (where they exist), without having a unified concept. The number of meals eaten at home has been reduced to light breakfasts, lunches, and dinners, with families mostly sitting down together at the table for dinner, when they often consume ready meals. Lack of contact with foodstuffs and with the person preparing the food has a negative impact on children's psychological development. Relying on extensive basic research and participant observation, and through the joint efforts of specialists from several fields of the social sciences, a significant improvement could be achieved in both public catering and education on healthy nutrition.

Effects of Viewing Violent Electronic Products on Children’s Psychological Development

Many years of research have shown that media exposure and violent TV shows are two dangerous factors that might lead to aggressive behavior in kids. Because television was the most common media that youngsters were exposed to, electronic gadgets were selected for the study. Violence is on the rise and fresh cartoons are produced by the media on a regular basis. As science and technology advance, children are interacting with technological products like animated movies more and more. In order to ascertain the impact of violent TV programs on children's psychological development—specifically, violence, prosocial conduct, social adjustment, and peer relationships—this study analyzes the body of research on the subject. Moreover, the progress of science and technology has brought children closer and closer to electronic products such as movie animation, and we need to study the impact of these increasing things on children in order to better nurture future human beings. Giving guidance to various groups of people at the end of the paper. The purpose of this article is to reveal the harmfulness of violent media and television programs to children and to warn people in order to better protect the designated population in the future.

Association of preschool children behavior and emotional problems with the parenting behavior of both parents.

Parental behaviors are key in shaping children's psychological and behavioral development, crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues, reducing psychological trauma in childhood. To investigate the relationship between parenting behaviors and behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children. From October 2017 to May 2018, 7 kindergartens in Ma'anshan City were selected to conduct a parent self-filled questionnaire - Health Development Survey of Preschool Children. Children's Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (Parent Version) was applied to measures the children's behavioral and emotional performance. Parenting behavior was evaluated using the Parental Behavior Inventory. Binomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the detection rate of preschool children's behavior and emotional problems and their parenting behaviors. High level of parental support/participation was negatively correlated with conduct problems, abnormal hyperactivity, abnormal total difficulty scores and abnormal prosocial behavior problems. High level of maternal support/participation was negatively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms and abnormal peer interaction in children. High level of parental hostility/coercion was positively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms, abnormal conduct problems, abnormal hyperactivity, abnormal peer interaction, and abnormal total difficulty scores in children (all P < 0.05). Moreover, paternal parenting behaviors had similarly effects on behavior and emotional problems of preschool children compared with maternal parenting behaviors (all P > 0.05), after calculating ratio of odds ratio values. Our study found that parenting behaviors are associated with behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children. Overall, the more supportive or involved the parents are, the fewer behavioral and emotional problems the children experience; conversely, the more hostile or controlling the parents are, the more behavioral and emotional problems the children face. Moreover, the impact of fathers' parenting behaviors on preschool children's behavior and emotions is no less significant than that of mothers' parenting behaviors.

THE EFFECT OF BULLYING ON CHILDREN'S PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Bullying is a widely detrimental phenomenon, not only for individual victims but also for society as a whole. This research aims to dig deeper into how bullying affects children's psychological development. Researchers will explore various forms of bullying that may occur in schools and social environments, as well as factors that effect the prevalence and intensity of bullying. The research method used in this journal is descriptive qualitative with a case study design. Researchers used observation and interview techniques to collect data. The data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. To ensure the validity of the data, researchers carried out member checks and used triangulation techniques of sources and techniques. This research was conducted at SDTQ AL Abidin Surakarta by taking a sample of several teachers and students as respondents. Research finds that bullying among students is effectd by the family environment, peers and social media, with its impact on children's psychological development. Teachers at SDTQ AL Abidin Surakarta implement effective strategies, including coaching students and involving parents, emphasizing the critical role of teachers in creating a safe learning environment. In conclusion, efforts to overcome bullying in elementary schools require strategies that involve teachers, students and parents to create an environment that supports children's development.

The influence of the social context on the development of the child's psyche

This article explores the implications of introductory studies carried out through a literature review and aims to promote reflection on the importance of the social environment in promoting the child's psychological development. According to the conception of child development from the perspective of Historical-Cultural Psychology, children need to appropriate culture in order to develop their psyche and become part of the human race. This appropriation takes place in the social and material relationships that come from the social environment in which the child is inserted, an appropriation that takes place in a mediated way, especially through language. By studying the process of hominization that took place in phylogenesis - a process promoted by work - and the humanization provided by ontogenesis to each child from birth, we can see that child development is not a natural phenomenon, but a socially developed one. In this way, it is possible to understand how much the environment in which the child is inserted is responsible for their psychic formation, for the formation of their personality, and it is therefore essential that it be an environment rich in culture, affection and humanizing values. This is fundamental for any social group present in the child's upbringing, especially when it comes to the school environment, which must be more intentional in promoting their higher psychic functions.

The Impact of Smartphone Use on the Psychology of Young Children in Parungponteng District

This research aims to analyze the impact of gadget use on the psychological development of elementary school-aged children at Cibuntu Elementary School, Cibungur Village, Parungponteng District. The research method used is a qualitative approach using observation, questionnaires and interviews as data collection techniques. The research results show that the use of gadgets has both positive and negative impacts on children's psychological development. Positive impacts include improved cognitive skills and access to information, while negative impacts include the risk of addiction and behavioral disorders. The role of parents and schools in supervising and directing gadget use is very important to minimize negative impacts. This research provides a comprehensive picture of the complexity of the interaction between technology and child development.

The Psychological Development of Children Affected by Domestic Violence: An Examination via the Lenses of Resilience and Cognitive Development

Domestic violence, or DV, is a significant socioeconomic problem. Children, being the primary recipients of domestic violence, can experience its effects via either direct or indirect means. Directly, domestic violence can cause emotional problems and attention biases in children themselves. DV can also affect the mental health development of children by affecting the psychological condition of the mother. The emotional, psychological, and cognitive development of children can be adversely affected by domestic abuse. And in the long term these effects may persist into old age, causing irreversible damage to individual development, such as emotional issues and attention bias. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description and analysis of domestic violence and traumatic childhood experiences, focusing on their profound influence on the psychological development of children in both the immediate and prolonged periods. Finally, some recommendations for responding to domestic violence of which children are victims. The present study suggests that teenagers can be influenced by DV starts with the children themselves and their families, and that negative effect of DV on children's development will only be reduced by addressing domestic violence at its source.

Autism spectrum disorder detection using facial images: A performance comparison of pretrained convolutional neural networks

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex psychological syndrome characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction, restricted behaviours, speech, and nonverbal communication. The impacts of this disorder and the severity of symptoms vary from person to person. In most cases, symptoms of ASD appear at the age of 2 to 5 and continue throughout adolescence and into adulthood. While this disorder cannot be cured completely, studies have shown that early detection of this syndrome can assist in maintaining the behavioural and psychological development of children. Experts are currently studying various machine learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks, to expedite the screening process. Convolutional neural networks are considered promising frameworks for the diagnosis of ASD. This study employs different pre‐trained convolutional neural networks such as ResNet34, ResNet50, AlexNet, MobileNetV2, VGG16, and VGG19 to diagnose ASD and compared their performance. Transfer learning was applied to every model included in the study to achieve higher results than the initial models. The proposed ResNet50 model achieved the highest accuracy, 92%, compared to other transfer learning models. The proposed method also outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of accuracy and computational cost.

The Influences of Cultural Context on the Psychological Development of Child in Alice Munro’s Early Short Stories

The Influences of Cultural Context on the Psychological Development of Child in Alice Munro’s Early Short Stories

Lišenje roditeljskog prava i standard "najbolji interes deteta"

In contemporary times, children are recognized as holders of their own rights, which is a departure from past practices. The state delegates authority to participate in and intervene in family matters through designated guardianship bodies and local courts. The deprivation of parental rights carries significant and enduring consequences for both parents and children, with the entire process governed by the legal principle of the best interest of the child. Unfortunately, the "best interest of the child," while a widely used concept, lacks precise legal definition, potentially leading to adverse effects on the child's psychological and physical development.

Analysis of Psychological Well-Being in High Grade Elementary School Children

This research outlines an analysis of Psychological Well-Being in children who are in the final stages of primary school. The study used a literature review method with the aim of investigating and analysing a deeper understanding of aspects of psychological well-being in children of this age. Through analysing a number of literature sources, this study identified key factors that play a role in influencing psychological well-being in children in the late primary grades. These factors include, but are not limited to, social interactions at school, social support from family and peers, emotional development, adjustment skills and a supportive learning environment. The results of the analyzes suggest that psychological well-being in high school children is closely related to various psychosocial and environmental factors. Moreover, a better understanding of the relationship between these aspects and children's psychological well-being can provide valuable insights for educators, parents and mental health professionals in developing appropriate strategies and interventions to support positive psychological development in children at the primary school level. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of a holistic understanding of the factors that influence psychological well-being in children in the upper primary grades. The implications of this study are expected to provide a foundation for the development of educational approaches and interventions aimed at improving the psychological well-being of children at this level.

LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CHILD VICTIMS OF CYBERBULLYING IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW."

Legal protection for children who are victims of cyberbullying is an effort aimed at safeguarding the rights, well-being, and integrity of children from the threats and negative impacts of cyberbullying. This phenomenon pertains to the use of technology and digital platforms to engage in harassment, intimidation, or threats against children. Legal protection for children victimized by cyberbullying involves several legal concepts and principles centered around human rights, child protection, and digital justice. This study aims to analyze the legal protection provided to children who fall victim to cyberbullying. In the current digital era, the threat of cyberbullying is on the rise and can have adverse effects on a child's psychological, emotional, and social development. The study employs a descriptive method with a normative approach. The research findings indicate that despite the existence of some laws that address cybercrimes and child protection in the online realm, there are still gaps in implementation and a lack of understanding regarding these issues among the general public and relevant governmental bodies. Furthermore, it is necessary to establish cooperation between schools, families, and authorities to provide education about the importance of digital awareness to children. In the endeavor to enhance legal protection for children victimized by cyberbullying, recommendations from this research include revising policies for more stringent enforcement against cyberbullying perpetrators and increasing public understanding of the legal consequences for such actions. Additionally, public campaigns are needed to raise awareness and educate children on the significance of digital safety. The establishment of trained specialized teams to handle cyberbullying cases is also essential.

Kesehatan Lingkungan Kerja Pendekatan Sosiologis

The purpose of this study is to examine the function of Manado's Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Agency (P2TP2A) on Jl. City Hall No. 1 Tikala Ares, Tikala Subdistrict in dealing with incidents of domestic violence against women and children. The issue in this study is domestic violence against women and children. Methods of qualitative research. The goal of qualitative research methodologies is to produce a thorough, factual, and accurate portrayal. Observation, interviews, and documentation are all methods for gathering data. According to the findings of field study, there is a lot of domestic violence against women and children, and there is still violence that is carried out by using the hands with small strikes to blows that might make the victim's condition worse, way that it has an influence on the psychological and psychological development of children, and other elements. Economic considerations, early marriage, and intervention from others are all causes of violence

Does marital satisfaction predict children aggression? Insights from parents' and children's psychological distress

AbstractMarital satisfaction is a key indicator of family members' life satisfaction and mental and physical health. Parents' marital functioning affects their children's development. Given the significant impacts of marital satisfaction on children's psychological and behavioural development, the influencing paths need to be explored. This study aims to extend prior research by examining the direct effect of marital satisfaction on children's aggression and the intermediary roles of parents' and children's psychological distress. Using multi‐stage cluster random sampling, a total of 971 children and their parents were recruited in Shaanxi Province in Mainland China. Self‐reported questionnaires regarding marital satisfaction, psychological distress and aggression were completed. Results showed no significant direct impact of marital satisfaction on children's aggression, but children's psychological distress mediated this link. Moreover, parents' and children's psychological distress served as sequential mediators in the nexus between marital satisfaction and children's aggression. It means that a chain mediating mechanism existed. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms may offer valuable insights that would aid policymakers and clinicians in designing effective prevention and interventions targeting children's behavioural problems.