Development Of Business Systems Research Articles

Corporate governance of public health services: lessons from New Zealand for the state sector.

New Zealand public hospitals and related services were grouped into 23 Crown Health Enterprises and registered as companies in 1993. Integral to this change was the introduction of corporate governance. New directors, largely from the business sector, were appointed to govern these organisations as efficient and effective businesses. This article presents the results of a survey of directors of New Zealand publicly-owned health provider organisations. Although directors thought they performed well in business systems development, they acknowledged their shortcomings in meeting government expectations in respect to financial performance and social responsibility. Changes in public health sector provider performance indicators have resulted in a mixed report card for the sector six years after corporate governance was instituted.

Sustainability metrics for the business enterprise

AbstractSustainable development poses challenges and opportunities to the development and management of business and technological systems. Most significantly, sustainability moves beyond meeting an economic and environmental bottom line to a triple bottom line of integrated economic, environmental, and social factors. Over 30 years there has been a paradigm shift that has led to the greening of industrial practices with regards to the environment. As evidence continues to demonstrate linkages between environmental causes and effects, problem‐solving techniques have been developed to meet both economic and environmental goals along with metrics to measure environmental performance. Today, sustainable development presents another paradigm shift and adds social considerations as a third element to the bottom line. This article describes the evolution from greening to sustaining and outlines the implication of developing metrics in the sustainable development context.© 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Assessment of farmers perception to corporate institutional for the development of sheep farming in the village : Case study in the villages of Jambu sub district, district of Semarang

The objective of the study is to determine that sheep farming in the villages to increase farmers welfare could be developed taken into consideration of farmers perception and attitude which were included in the planning of development programme. In order to achieve the objective more effectively, the institutional system of sheep farming needs to be transformed into a corporate institution. Field study was conducted during the period of 1994-1997 in two villages of Jambu sub district, District of Semarang. Two approaches were used simultaneously, i.e. ideografis and nomotetis to analyze the data and information. Result s showed that, first, sheep farming in the villages still had big development opportunity .second, the threat of stagnation in the sheep farming may occur due to high dependency on family labor and lack of capital. Third, due to top down policy and lack of vision on the agrobusiness activities, the development of sheep farming could be hampered. Fourth, transforming into a corporate institution may increase economic profitability of sheep farming as well as performance of the farms. Fifth, in order to realize the development of corporate business systems, need to establish a pilot project. To implement the concept, support from banking institution especially for discount rate was necessary, along with the involvement of ATAI (Agricultural Technology Assessment Institutes), local livestock services, credit system and local government leader that has people oriented vision.

Market Organization in Indonesia: Javanese and Chinese Family Business in the Jamu Industry

In Southeast Asia, people of Chinese origin have a remarkably strong presence in trade and industry. The main question addressed in this paper is whether the organization of inter-firm linkages in the Indonesian herbal medicine (jamu) industry resemble characteristics of the Chinese family business or whether, in this industry, a distinct mode of market organization has developed. The business systems approach forms the basis of the analytical framework which is comprised of four market organization characteristics and five key social institutions. In the Indonesian national context, a number of mutually connected social institutions constitute a favourable environment for the development of the Chinese family business system. Results from case studies of eight large and medium-sized jamu firms owned by either Indonesian Chinese or indigenous business people show that, in many respects, the market organization in the Indonesian jamu industry reflects Chinese family business characteristics. However, a distinct Javanese characteristic was also found. The jamu firms display strong paternalistic behaviour towards their suppliers and customers, which can be linked to Javanese authority relations known as bapakism and the high level of collectivism within micro-societies in Indonesia.

7.4. DEVELOPING TECHNICAL STRATEGY WITH SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

ABSTRACTA successful technical strategy is critical for success in the high technology industries. But defining a successful technical strategy can be difficult, in part because there is little in the literature on developing and implementing successful technical strategies in Corporate America. The basis for much of the advanced thinking on effective strategies comes out of the military environment: what an effective strategy is and how it can be implemented. This paper briefly reviews some military thinking on strategy.The major thrust of this paper applies systems engineering to the business system development problem. It identifies key technical elements of the business strategy, technologies to be used, company practices for a successful business, and positive feedback from customers. In this context, the issue is to systems engineer a business solution and an effective technical strategy.A second thrust of this paper is to summarize the systems engineering process thus needed to perform this front end business system development. This paper describes the systems engineering process elements needed to implement technical strategy in the commercial environment.

Specification of contractual obligations in formal business communication

Formal business communication is a process-oriented (vs. document-oriented) environment for digital interoorganizational business transactions. They improve efficiency and effectiveness of business communications and often provide strategic advantages. Thanks to the current advances in information and telecommunications technologies, the development of formal business communication systems plays one of the key roles in the establishment of digital commerce, or virtual organizational business transaction platform. This paper proposes a logic of relativized deontic modalities as a component of digital commerce systems. The logic of relativized deontic modalities provides syntactic and semantic treatment for such notions of duty in the context of formal business communications. Also addressed are the practical issue of conflicts of duties and their resolution based on defeasibility reasoning, and the dynamic aspect of contractual obligations including delegation of duties and assignment of rights. Finally, we suggest augmentation of the CASE/Open-EDI system with the proposed logic of contractual obligations.

Business Object Component Architecture

The Common Business Object Framework aims at coming up with a set of system-level abstractions and interoperability standards to simplify and standardize business systems development. The author asserts that Boca provides a solution to the challenge of segregating core business information from the technological specifics of its home system while allowing different applications to exchange data across the enterprise.

Hospitality operations: patterns in management, service improvement and business performance

Provides an overview of developments in hospitality operations management as reflected by articles published in: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, International Journal of Hospitality Management, International Journal of Service Industry Management and Service Industries Journal during 1995 (business performance, customers and service improvement, operations and the curriculum, strategy and development) and during the six‐year period 1989‐1994 (structural relationships in hospitality and tourism, operations and business development, strategy and systems development, human resource development and quality improvements).

Future manufacturing systems—Towards the extended enterprise

Manufacturing research has been focused on point solutions and technology-driven solutions. These have not delivered the step changes in performance needed, nor have they been adopted by wide sections of industry so the total business benefit resulting has been modest. The authors propose that manufacturing research must now place greater emphasis on total manufacturing business systems development. Coupled with the integration and communication technologies now becoming available this is the best way to enable manufacturers to realise the competitive gain demanded by the market place. The primary pressures to which manufacturing will be subject are detailed. These are encapsulated in the concept of customer-driven manufacturing business systems. In these systems the customer increasingly becomes an integrated part of both the business systems and the engineering systems of the enterprise. Key product and process technological advances, environmental, and market place developments are described. Probably most significant are the changes in the value chain now emerging which transform manufacturing business systems and overturn both conventional manufacturing strategy and existing manufacturing metrics. The institutionalisation of the Extended Enterprise is one of the most tangible and has far reaching outcomes. This will involve major structural changes in business organisation. The basis of partnership within the Extended Enterprise is not yet well understood but alternative operations models are likely to be industry and market sector specific. Concurrent Engineering is becoming accepted but understanding of best practice on how, when and in what order to implement it is needed. The extension of tools to embrace environmental issues could offer significant benefit to small and medium sized enterprises. The appraisal of manufacturing business options must be developed to match the changes in the business operations environment described above.

Methodology for Business System Development

The methodology presented here is currently being used in the design of Standard Automated Financial System (STAFS), which is a large scale business system for use by the 14 Naval Laboratories across the nation. The system will be operational in 1987-1988 time-frame. The methodology presented is suitable for all transaction oriented systems. It enforces documentation of design at all levels of system development process allowing managers and users a high visibility into the design. It highlights the human engineering aspects of system design and utilizes thread definition, data designer, and structured design techniques. The methodology requires the use of system verification diagrams which specify the user requirements. The design produces an integrated database with security mechanisms to restrict unauthorized users from accessing data they are not authorized to use. The threads also serve as a useful tool for system testing.

ビジネス・システムと経済発展

ビジネス・システムと経済発展