Development Of Augmented Reality Applications Research Articles

Development of Augmented Reality Application as An Educational Media for Visitors to Museum Pusaka Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon Using Object Tracking Method and Fast Corner Detection Algorithm Based on Android

Augmented Reality is a technology that combines two-dimensional or three-dimensional virtual objects and projects these virtual objects in real time. One implementation of Augmented Reality in the tourism sector is to educate museum visitors. Museum Pusaka Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon does not yet have a touch of technology to attract visitors, and the public paradigm is that visiting the museum only sees heirloom objects, nothing interesting or unique. The aim of the research carried out by the author is to apply Augmented Reality with the Object Tracking method and the FAST Corner Detection algorithm to educate museum visitors, so that it can attract visitors' attention. By utilizing these methods and algorithms, it can be easier for visitors to explore heirloom objects to obtain the desired information. So the results obtained from the research conducted by the author are that the response time for objects appearing using the Tracking Object method and the FAST Corner Detection algorithm in environments that use glass is an average of 1.52 seconds to 2.40 seconds and that does not use glass, namely 2.84 seconds to 4.71 seconds with a level of confidence at the 95% level.

Sustainability in Hybrid Technologies for Heritage Preservation: A Scientometric Study

The use of augmented reality applied to museums to preserve and communicate cultural heritage sustainably is a topic of increasing relevance today. Museums play an essential role in preserving and disseminating culture and history, and augmented reality has emerged as a powerful technological tool to enrich the visitor experience and ensure the sustainable preservation of cultural heritage. The fundamental objective of this literature review is to explore and understand the key contributions that are being made in the field of augmented reality applied to museums, with a focus on sustainability. The literature related to this topic is dispersed in various sources of information, which motivates the need to carry out a detailed and systematic analysis incorporating sustainability aspects. To carry out this analysis, the metaphor of the “tree of science” is used. This metaphor provides a structured approach that is applied in two complementary ways. Firstly, it focuses on collecting and analyzing scientometric statistics that cover data on countries, authors, academic institutions, and research centers involved in developing augmented reality applications for museums with sustainable methodologies. This quantitative perspective offers a global view of the contributions and their geographical scope including their sustainability impact. Secondly, an evolutionary analysis based on the “tree of science” is carried out. This historical approach examines the origin and evolution of contributions in the field of augmented reality applied to museums, from its first manifestations to the most recent innovations, with an emphasis on sustainable practices. This historical approach is essential to understanding the trajectory and development of augmented reality applications in the museum context and their role in promoting sustainable cultural heritage preservation. This review aims to provide a complete and contextualized view of the use of augmented reality in museums for the sustainable preservation and communication of cultural heritage. Through a multidimensional approach encompassing scientometric statistics and historical analysis, we seek to shed light on this technology’s most significant contributions and evolution in the museum sector, with a particular focus on sustainability.

Capabilities Comparison Of The Augmented Reality Application Development Frameworks On The Android Platform

In the implementation of augmented reality, the natural process of human-computer interaction continues to be a challenge, specifically to reduce the complexity in the effort of using and providing comfortability. Therefore, it is necessary to search for methods and tools to simplify the complex process of building Augmented Reality applications. Vuforia is a multi-platform that has long been used as an Augmented Reality application development framework. Android and iOS platform frameworks are the new alternatives following the development of cellular technology. Furthermore, a comparative capability was conducted between Vuforia and ARCore on the Android platform. The general performance and the ability to understand the environment include working in horizontal and vertical planes, the ability to work based on lighting conditions, and the distance of the camera during the tests. The results showed that ARCore is superior to Vuforia in almost all testing metrics. However, in overexposed or too dim lighting and at very close surfaces, Vuforia is slightly superior but not essential. Therefore, it can be concluded that ARCore's capability is better than Vuforia.

Augmented reality and serious game to engage the alpha generation in urban cultural heritage

It is important to involve young people in the conservation of urban heritage as they will be the next generation responsible for its preservation. The use of Augmented Reality (AR) based on Serious Game (SG) and GPS-guided applications has proven to be effective for heritage revitalisation. However, there are currently only a few applications that combine GPS AR and SG for urban heritage enhancement, and these are generally aimed at adult tourists rather than the young people of the alpha generation. This research describes a serious game based on the use of GPS-guided augmented reality in the Renaissance village of Caldana, Italy, to raise awareness of the importance of urban heritage and to stimulate its visit by the alpha generation. The application consists of a treasure hunt that children have to solve by meeting and listening in augmented reality to historical characters who built the Renaissance village at specific points of interest, following a route with increasing levels of difficulty. The application was tested using a questionnaire with a sample of 79 children. The results provide useful indications for the development of augmented reality applications to increase the awareness and attitudes of the alpha generation towards knowledge and conservation of urban heritage.

AR-Speaking Buddy: Designing Content and User Interface of An Augmented Reality (AR)-Based Application for Malaysian Children Speaking Practice

The application of augmented reality (AR) as a learning tool is crucial for incorporating virtual objects into real-world environments to support learners in their educational journey. Despite the growing interest in AR applications for learning, research in this area is still in its early stages, particularly concerning the development of AR applications tailored for children, taking into account their needs and design preferences. This study aims to gain insights into children's perspectives on interface and content design, specifically for augmented reality application development. By involving children in the design process, the study seeks to identify their interface design preferences for AR characters and explore the topics that interest them the most. To achieve these objectives, the paper outlines the development process of an AR mobile application named "AR-Speaking Buddy," which was designed by considering children's content needs and interface design preferences. The application focuses on providing English language learning support to children for practicing their English communication skills. The research involved 25 children aged between 9 to 12 years old as users, and their feedback on the AR-Speaking Buddy application is presented, highlighting content and interface design elements. The findings from the children's feedback shed light on essential aspects of AR application design, which contribute to the development of future interface and content design strategies for augmented reality applications in education. By understanding children's preferences and incorporating them into AR application development, educators can create more effective and engaging learning experiences for young learners.

A needs analysis study for the development of augmented reality applications in science and mathematics teaching for individuals with special educational needs

A needs analysis study for the development of augmented reality applications in science and mathematics teaching for individuals with special educational needs

Ризик-орієнтоване оцінювання кібербезпеки додатків доповненої реальності з використанням ІМЕСА-аналізу

The subject of this study is a method for analyzing threats and vulnerabilities and selecting countermeasures to ensure cybersecurity in augmented reality (AR) applications. The goal of this study is to increase the completeness of cybersecurity assessment of AR applications by using a formalized procedure for identifying and analyzing the risks of common threats, vulnerabilities, and types of attacks. This study is based on the well-known IMESA method (analysis of types, consequences and criticality of interventions), which structures the procedure for analyzing and minimizing risks by introducing appropriate countermeasures to ensure acceptable cybersecurity risks. Objectives: to substantiate the set of major cybersecurity threats specific to AR applications; to identify and describe download vulnerabilities in AR systems; to provide a detailed classification of various cyberattacks aimed at AR platforms, considering the results of a study of recent incidents; to use the IMECA method to describe and analyze cybersecurity issues in a structured manner and to propose reliable countermeasures. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained: 1) a classification of threats with a detailed description of how each of them can affect AR applications, namely threats such as software interference, unauthorized access, and malicious hardware embedding; 2) a critical analysis of weaknesses in AR systems, in particular, insecure data storage and insufficient authentication before using sensors, which provides an understanding of possible attack vectors; 3) a detailed description of various attack methodologies, including AR phishing, AR malware, and man-in-the-middle attacks, each illustrated with real-world examples or hypothetical scenarios. A systematic approach using the IMECA framework was used to identify, assess, and ensure the cybersecurity of AR applications using a set of proposed countermeasures. Conclusions. AR technology, despite its revolutionary nature and great potential, poses a unique set of cybersecurity challenges. These challenges are related to the immersive nature of the technology, dependence on real-time data, and integration with the physical world. The study emphasizes that an understanding of the threat landscape, combined with an IMESA-structured approach to risk management, is crucial for the secure development of AR applications. Developers, users, and managers responsible for security policies need to be proactive, innovative, and aligned in their approach to cybersecurity in AR systems.

Development of Augmented Reality Application in Physics through Newton's Laws and Object Interaction

Physics learning is often challenging for students due to its abstract and complex concepts. This research is made to overcome the problem of lack of understanding related to physics learning due to abstract concepts. This research aims to develop and evaluate an Augmented Reality (AR) application that focuses on learning Newton's Law by interacting with 3D objects like balls, cars, and rockets. AR-based technology has been recommended for use in education due to its excellent potential in helping to improve the understanding of the concept of a material to be better. Therefore, this research will develop and evaluate the use of augmented reality in physics learning related to newton's law. This paper uses the ADDIE model method as the basis for developing Augmented Reality applications by involving the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The study results show that the developed AR application can help students understand the concept of Newton's Law and increase interest in learning. Student feedback obtained through questionnaires indicated that they rated this application positively regarding ease of use, engagement, and effectiveness in supporting the learning process. The AR application developed in this study improves the quality and effectiveness of physics learning through innovative and interactive technology. Further research could focus on developing additional content and features and exploring the impact of this application on a broader group of students and in different areas of education.

Test automation for augmented reality applications: a development process model and case study

Abstract Poor software quality results in avoidable costs of trillion dollars annually in the United States alone. Augmented Reality (AR) applications are a relatively new software category. Currently there are no standards to guide the development process and testing is predominantly ad hoc and manual. Consequently, design guidelines and software test automation techniques are intended to remedy the situation. Here, we present a concept for test automation of AR applications. The concept consists of two parts: design guidelines and process model for testing AR applications, and a case study with a prototype application for test automation. The design guidelines and the process model are based on the state-of-the-art. The prototype application presented in this article demonstrates test automation for a multi-platform AR application for Android devices as well as the HoloLens 2. The presented test automation case study is designed to cover a large part of the functions, such as the different interaction variants. This research work shows that by using the proposed process model and test automation techniques, testing of some features of AR applications can be automated. The results of this research can serve as a basis for future research and contribution towards AR application development standardization efforts.

Assessing user benefits and privacy concerns in utilitarian and hedonic mobile augmented reality apps

PurposeThe application of mobile augmented reality (MAR) for enhancing user experiences and consumer patronizing intention has been the focus of recent MAR literature. Few studies examine the differences between apps. This study fills the research gap by examining how consumers assess their experiences with different MAR applications and how their decision-making process is performed, particularly in the setting of smartphones.Design/methodology/approachA web-based online survey was administered to collect data on consumers' perceptions of two different MAR apps: utilitarian and hedonic apps. Reliability and validity of the measurement scales, non-response bias and comment method bias were assessed. With the support of measurement model, partial least square (PLS) was employed to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThis study reveals that the technological attributes of augmented reality (AR) apps have significant effects on consumer perceptions of their utilitarian and hedonic benefits, including interactivity, visual quality, service quality, technicality and aesthetics. Moreover, this study shows that consumers of hedonic apps place more importance on their enjoyment with the MAR app; consumers of utilitarian apps focus more on the accrued functional values. The findings provide practical insights for retailers in AR marketing and application development in the MAR environment.Originality/valueThis study provides a comprehensive viewpoint for analyzing ongoing use and purchase intentions simultaneously in a unified theoretical framework. In addition, it compares different types of MAR apps: hedonic and utilitarian. Furthermore, it is one of the first few studies attempting to provide a comprehensive understanding of the predictive role of MAR technologies by incorporating privacy concerns into the research model based on user and gratification framework.

Development of augmented reality applications using iOS for aerospace training

Augmented reality (AR), often used for creating games and apps that blend the real and digital world, also offers significant advantages for the teaching and learning process. It allows students to interact with concepts in a way that would not be possible just through books, contributing to better academic results and increasing student engagement in the classroom. Therefore, the use of AR in aerospace training becomes essential to offer a more interactive and immersive learning experience. With this in mind, this work sought to develop an AR app for the iOS and iPadOS operating systems, with the goal of assisting the practice of future professionals in assembling and maintaining the NanosatC-BR1 in the aerospace industry. The development of the app is directed towards Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads due to more robust support for technologies such as advanced cameras, LiDAR, and other sensors important for AR, while hardware specifications vary widely among different manufacturers in the case of Android devices. As a result, it was possible to realize that AR, combined with teaching and learning, is an exceptional tool, especially in the aerospace industry.

Teachers’ Perspectives on the Development of Augmented Reality Application in Geometry Topic for Elementary School

Augmented Reality (AR) is a new evolving technology that can enhance the learning experienceby making learning more engaging, has a beneficial influence on teaching and learning,and assists in comprehension, specifically when it comes to abstract concepts. Teachers playa pivotal role in accelerating the widespread use of AR in education, making it crucial toget their thoughts and perspectives. Based on the perspectives of mathematics teachers, thisresearch aims to determine the necessity for developing an augmented reality learning applicationin the geometry topic for elementary school students through a questionnaire that hasbeen answered by 52 elementary mathematics teachers from Northern State Malaysia. Thefindings of this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis with a value of Cronbach alpha(α = 0.98). The findings of the study indicate three main elements that need to be emphasizedfor the AR development process, namely learning strategy design, presentation design, andinteractivity design. Based on the mean of the research conducted, the findings of the threeelements indicate a significant necessity. The development of AR applications must incorporatethese three elements in order to assist elementary school mathematics teachers in designingAR learning applications that maximize student achievement.

Augmented Reality dengan Model Generate Target dalam Visualisasi Objek Digital pada Media Pembelajaran

Augmented Reality (AR) is a digital technology that allows the creation of a combination between the real world and digital content projections to produce additional valuable information for users. This technology has begun to implement in various fields of human life like industry, health, military, entertainment, and education. AR technology will be applied to the education sector in this community service activity. This activity aims to introduce AR technology and a development model based on the Model Generate Target (MGT) to service partners, namely SMA INS Kayu Tanam. The Generate Target model is an AR application development concept by adopting the concept of Digital Twins, where digital content projections will be made similar to real objects. The projected digital content will serve as a descriptive object from the real world, so users can interact more flexibly with objects from the real world. The activity was carried out by providing an introduction to AR technology, installing AR design software, and practicing making simple AR applications using the MGT concept for partner service to the community. In this activity, the designed AR will use spherical objects in the real world and the resulting digital projection is a virus. Projection of digital content onto spherical objects will provide better information and learning experiences in viral object recognition because 3D objects will appear and be attached to real objects. The expected results of this community service activity are introducing AR technology to partners engaged in education and providing a new solution in implementing new digital content-based teaching media that can be applied to several subjects such as biology, chemistry, and glasses to community service partners.

Recognition of Hijaiyah Letters with Punctuation Using Augmented Reality

Learning hijaiyah letters is an initial step to reading the Al-Qur'an. Because the Al-Qur'an is written in Arabic using hijaiyah letters with special punctuation. Currently, learning hijaiyah letters still uses simple media in the form of books, posters, display boards, etc. so it is less interesting. The rapid development of technology allows mobile devices to become smartphones that can be used as learning media. Therefore, mobile devices can be used for learning hijaiyah letters to make them more attractive. One technology that can be utilized is Augmented Reality which can combine the virtual world with the real world in the form of 3D through applications accessed on mobile devices. This research developed the introduction of hijaiyah letters equipped with punctuation and pronunciation using marker based augmented reality. The development of mobile application applies the Mobile Application Development Lifecycle (MADLC) method. The development of augmented reality applications utilizing Blender, Vuforia and Unity 3D Game Engine. The results of the Black box testing show that all functional requirements have been met and are running well.

DEVELOPMENT OF AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION FOR PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS LABORATORY

Abstract. Augmented reality technologies are widely applied not only for business, but also for education and various fields of science. Due to rapidly growing interest in emerging technologies, augmented reality is taking a leading position in almost all areas of education. Applying augmented reality in physics laboratory can make experiments more efficient in terms of understanding using visualization. The article contains process of development of augmented reality application for visualization and its methods for physics laboratory experiments in terms of maximum efficiency and ways to create visual effects. The article proposes a methodology for creating augmented reality application, which allows students to visualize physics laboratory experiments. This technology is a step towards the development of augmented reality practice, which will reduce the time, cost and difficulty of visualizing physics laboratory experiments.

‘Decal App’- Augmented Reality based Flutter Application

Abstract: The e-commerce industry faces significant losses due to high rates of product returns caused by customers' difficulty in visualizing how products will look in their space. Additionally, industries such as surgery and construction are slow to adopt Metaverse technology, which could greatly benefit their operations. A solution to these problems is the development of augmented reality applications that enable users to preview products and environments in their real-world context, facilitating more informed purchasing and operational decisions. Our proposed solution is the Decal application, a Flutter-based app that supports both iOS and Android operating systems. With its simple and attractive user interface, Decal enables users to virtually preview objects such as furniture and picture frames in their real-world space using their phone's camera. Decal's vast object model library and automatic scaling feature ensure a seamless and low-power consumption user experience. In the rare case of a scaling error, users can easily adjust object dimensions manually on the app.

The Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Preserving Cultural Heritage: A Case Study of Old Jami Mosque of Palopo

This research aims to explore the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in the context of cultural heritage preservation, with a particular focus on the Old Jami Mosque of Palopo. This research uses a qualitative case study approach to investigate the application of AR in preserving the mosque's cultural heritage. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentary analysis, and system testing using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The findings from a questionnaire survey conducted with 50 respondents representing the general public, students, college students, traditional leaders, and tourists indicated a positive acceptance of the AR system, with an overall approval rating of 87% across various aspects. The results demonstrate that the developed AR application for the Old Jami Mosque Palopo enhances visitors' experience and understanding of the mosque's historical, architectural, and cultural values. The integration of AR technology has the potential to foster greater visitor engagement and contribute to the preservation of cultural heritage. This research provides insights into the potential and advantages of leveraging AR technology for cultural heritage preservation and provides an overview of the development of effective AR applications in cultural contexts.

Design-based research for the development of augmented reality applications: the case of virtual playground

Augmented Reality applications for education change the classroom experience for both teachers and students. However, the use of these tools is not widespread yet. Current applications still have some limitations, such as: hard to use interfaces, lack of freedom to create content, lack of support for a shared experience among others. This work presents the update of Virtual Playground, an application collaboratively created with language teachers, designers and engineers; and Virtual Playground Creator, an authorship tool for this application. This process was developed following Design-based research methodology in two cycles of ideation, implementation and testing. We present the updates and results regarding the second round of six tests of Virtual Playground with teachers. The main goals were to evaluate if Virtual Playground Creator allows teachers to create AR experiences to use in classrooms; and (2) investigate if there were missing or unnecessary features in Virtual Playground Creator. Results have shown that the tool allowed teachers to work with diverse skills and competences. The Virtual Playground Creator prototype allowed the teacher to create their AR experiences proposed, although, in some cases modifications were needed. The main issues were related to the limited 3D library in the prototype evaluated and lack of creation possibilities.

Using the Unity 3D Environment and the Vuforia Plugin to Develop an AR Application

Currently, more and more interactive media environments are offered to users. Augmented reality (AR) technologies are one of the environments where interactive interaction is provided and which can integrate objects in virtual environments with real objects. Augmented reality technologies are used in many areas, including in the field of education. Some aspects of the development of augmented reality applications are discussed in the article. It was revealed that the Unity platform and the Vuforia plugin are used as the most popular tools by AR application developers, which have a number of advantages. The process of developing an AR application for the education sector using the Unity environment, the C# programming language and Vuforia is considered. The Unity 3D environment and the Vuforia plugin are in practice an effective combination of flexible mobile application development tools with augmented reality elements.

Utilization of AR Technology for The Development of Speech Therapy Applications by Optimizing Marked-Based Tracking Method

Autism is a developmental disorder that attacks children mentally and causes difficulties in interacting with the social environment. Therapy that can be done to people with autism to deal with communication disorders is speech therapy. Application usage health or better known as mobile health is easy and fast to help users in accessing information about various health problems, one of which is child development or better known as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which was developed using augmented reality (AR) technology. The purpose of the study is to optimizing the marked-based tracking method to augmented reality technology for speech therapy tutorials for children with autism. The results obtained from this study are the SELPY application (Self Autism Therapy) mobile-based speech therapy for people with autism which is a product of the application of appropriate technology in the field of information technology, especially in the health sector. The marked-based tracking method has been successfully implemented in the development of speech therapy AR applications for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This is by the results of the tests that have been carried out, namely distance testing and angle testing. The most ideal distance to detect marker/image targets is 40cm to 50cm with a smartphone tilt angle of 200 to 300.