Economic Development Research Articles

Russian-Ukraine War and its Impact on the European Economy

This study examines the impact of the Russian-Ukraine war on the economy of Europe, concentrating on trade disruptions, energy security, foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, and the socioeconomic ramifications of the war[1]induced refugee crisis. This study employs the descriptive research design, qualitative research method and a secondary source of data collection. The research uncovers the problems and possibilities coming from the war, as well as the larger implications for economic growth, development, and stability in the area. The results reveal severe interruptions to commercial links between European nations, especially Russia, and Ukraine, with key sectors such as energy, manufacturing, and agriculture facing considerable disruptions. Energy security emerges as a significant worry, spurring attempts to diversify energy sources and lessen dependence on Russian supply. Meanwhile, the war has resulted in a drop in FDI inflows to Russia and Ukraine, aggravating economic concerns in both nations and hurting their growth prospects. Furthermore, the research shows the burden on social welfare systems in European nations hosting migrants, since the inflow of refugees exerts great demands on resources and capabilities. Investments in housing, health care, education, and social welfare are vital for satisfying the different needs of displaced people and facilitating their long-term integration into society. However, issues connected to social cohesiveness, community connections, and political dynamics within host nations also occur. The study recommends diplomatic resolution of the dispute through peaceful discussions, involving European Union (EU) member states- Russia, Ukraine, and other parties. This could involve neutral mediation, de-escalating initiatives, and confidence-building measures.

Is Environmental Information Disclosure Driving Green Energy Development? Contextual evidence from Chinese city level data in the lens of sustainability

As an important supplement to mandatory environmental regulation, third-party participation in environmental regulation has become an important driving force for the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. Environmental information disclosure (EID) has become a widely used form of third-party participation ecological regulation, and the study of its impact on green energy development (GED) is receiving more and more academic attention. However, the research on this issue is still insufficient in academia. Based on resource-based theory and information processing theory, with IPE project of pollution information survey in China as an exogenous impact, this paper analyzes the causal impact of EID for GED using panel data of 285 Chinese cities from 2000 to 2020. The findings revealed that EID is a strong driver of GED in the long run, further amplified by the smart city pilot program. Besides, industrial structure transformation (IST), substantive green technological innovation (SGTI), non-substantive green technological innovation (NOSGTI), and green finance development (GFD) are important mediating mechanisms through which EID facilitates the GED. Concerning resource endowments of different regions and cities, the heterogeneity test asserted that the promotion effect of EID for GED is best in resource-based cities and old industrial parks. These results emphasize the importance of public participation in urban sustainable development and provide new ideas for promoting green growth.

Theoretical Approaches to the Regulation of Bioeconomy

The development of science and technology, as well as the introduction of innovations into the production sphere, have led to the emergence of such a phenomenon as the bioeconomy. At the present time, there is no versatile definition of the concept of bioeconomy either at the national level or at the level of interstate integration associations and international organizations. To analyze the key features of the concept of bioeconomy and to identify the main approaches to the essence of this phenomenon. This is important for the understanding of directions of development of the regulatory environment in relation to bioeconomy in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the definitions of the concept of bioeconomy at the level of the International Advisory Council on Bioeconomy (IACB), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the European Union (EU), and individual states. The author examines a range of approaches to regulating bioeconomy. The research is based on formal-logical, dogmatic methods, the comparison method and the axiological approach. The paper presents approaches to the concept of bioeconomy as a phenomenon. The author analyzes how bioeconomy relates to the circular economy (closed-loop economy) and the linear (traditional) economy. The article presents a range of approaches to the regulation of bioeconomy through the lens of proactive law and proposes a mechanism for its regulation with the help of a symbiotic regulator. The main elements of such a reg ulator are referred to in the article. They include normative regulation, the presence of ef fectively functioning organizational structures, and properly functioning processes of interaction between organizational structures and entities. The author examines a regulation method entitled ‘ethical licensing’, highlights its advantages and disadvantages, and gives recommendation on the subsequent use of this method. Due to its complex nature, bioeconomy as a phenomenon requires specific approaches to its regulation.

Corruption in the Nigerian Public Sector: Causes, Consequences and Sustainable Solutions

Corruption in Nigeria's public sector has long hindered the nation's development, stability, and prosperity. It permeates various facets of governance and society, leading to detrimental consequences, including economic stagnation, social injustice, and the erosion of public trust. Historical factors, such as the legacy of colonial exploitation and successive post-independence governments' mismanagement, have entrenched a culture of corruption. Despite efforts to combat it, including the establishment of anti-corruption agencies like the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC), corruption remains pervasive. This study adopts a qualitative research design to explore the complex dynamics of corruption in Nigeria's public sector. Using Albert Bandura's social learning theory as the theoretical framework, and it explores how corrupt behaviors are observed, imitated, and reinforced within the public administration. The research identifies multiple causes of corruption, including institutional weaknesses, economic pressures, and cultural norms, which create an environment conducive to corrupt practices. The consequences of corruption are enormous: It undermines economic growth and development, deters foreign direct investment, exacerbates poverty and inequality, erodes public trust in government, and fuels political unrest and instability. Addressing corruption requires a comprehensive approach involving the strengthening of institutional frameworks, promoting transparency and accountability, improving public sector management, and fostering a culture of ethical leadership. Sustainable solutions to combat corruption include; enhancing the capacities of anti-corruption agencies, to be independent of the executive body, implementing public procurement reforms, ensuring budget transparency, and enforcing stringent anti-corruption measures.

China’s digital shadows: unveiling the economic toll of cybercrime

This study investigates the relationship between cybercrime and economic growth across China’s 28 provinces from 2005 to 2022, utilizing a comprehensive empirical model that integrates both provincial and annual fixed effects. Our findings reveal a significant negative impact of cybercrime on economic growth, underscoring the pressing challenge that cybercriminal activities pose to economic development. Through the application of the generalized method of moments methodology, we validate these findings, enhancing the credibility of our conclusions. An additional layer of analysis through a heterogeneity test reveals varied impacts across regions, with the eastern region most adversely affected, followed by the central and western regions. This regional disparity highlights the necessity for cybersecurity policies that are specifically tailored to the unique economic and digital landscapes of each region. Our research contributes valuable insights into the economic consequences of cybercrime in China, underscoring the critical need for targeted policy interventions to counteract these negative effects and foster economic resilience.

Modern approaches in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention from obesity

Today, from 1.0 to 1.9 billion adults are overweight, including 312-650 million of them, and 124 million children and adolescents are obese. In Russia and Europe, about 60% of residents are obese and overweight. According to WHO forecasts, by 2025 the number of obese patients will double and will account for 30-50% of the population of economically developed countries. Morbid obesity is usually a multifactorial disease that is acquired and progresses under the influence of many factors (geography, level of economic development, cultural values, lifestyle, and others) as well as hereditary predisposition. Among people suffering from comorbid obesity, there is an atypical course of concomitant comorbid diseases. Against the background of morbid obesity, the likelihood of acquiring other diseases of organs and systems increases: the cardiovascular system, hormonal system, digestive tract, erosive esophagitis, fatty liver dystrophy, cirrhosis of the liver, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, etc. To confirm the presence of morbid obesity in humans, the following indicators are evaluated: the number of kilograms per square meter of human body area (BMI calculation), waist circumference, triglyceride index, as well as the use of instrumental diagnostics: radiation and ultrasound methods to study the level of obesity of internal organs. To date, orlistat, sibutramine and liraglutide have been registered in Russia for the conservative therapy of morbid obesity, i.e. the choice of drugs is very limited. Surgical methods and electrical stimulation of the stomach are also used. Obesity ranked 5th in the world ranking of risk factors for premature death. A targeted policy and an integrated approach aimed at improving the system of medical care for overweight and obese patients should become key factors in achieving the national goal of improving people's health and well-being. The expansion of preventive measures at the local, regional and federal levels will help significantly reduce the spread of this pathology and prevent the development of an "obesity pandemic".

Ecological effects of land use and land cover change in the typical ecological functional zones of Egypt

Evaluation the value of ecosystem services can provide crucial reference for formulating ecological protection plans and making informed management decision. This study utilized Landsat remote sensing images as the data source and employed land-use transfer chains and land use transfer matrix methods to compare the ecological effects of land use and land cover change(LUCC) in the two typical ecological functional zones of Egypt, one area isthe northern region of Egypt with the Priority function of Economic Development, another area is the Nasser Reservoir area with the priority function of water conservation. The key findings are as follows: (1)The northern region of Egypt and the Nasser Reservoir exhibited different trends across the ecological functional zones.From 1985 to 2020, the northern region of Egypt is characterized by an increase in arable land and impervious surface,the Nasser Reservoir area is distinguished by the expansion of water and a reduction in sand.(2) Key land transfer patterns vary significantly between the ecological functional zones of the northern region of Egypt and the Nasser Reservoir. From 1985 to 2020, the Egypt’s northern region experienced significant shifts between arable land, sand, and impervious surfaces. The conversion of arable land to impervious surfaces represented 2.41% of the total arable land transfer area, while sand converted to impervious surfaces accounted for 11.68% of the total sand transfer area. In the Nasser Reservoir region, significant conversions occurred between water, grasslands, and sand. Sand converted to water made up 3.83% of the total sand transfer area, while grassland converted to water compriseed 5.38% of the total grassland transfer area. (3) The ecological benefits of the northern region of Egypt and the Nasser Reservoir have increased significantly. In northern region of Egypt, the primary drivers of this increase in ecological service value are the conversion of arable land and grasslands, along with the ecological development and utilization of sand. In the Nasser Reservoir area,the inflow of water and the continued outflow of sands are the main factors contributing to the rise in ecosystem service value. (4) Differentiated LUCC management should be implemented for different ecological functional zones. In northern region of Egypt, the focus should be on balancing ecological security with human development, while the Nasser Reservoir area should prioritize water resource protection and sustainable development. The research findings are not only significant for optimizing LUCC but also for enhancing ecosystem service functions in Egypt.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONCEPT IN EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK LAW

The subject of this paper is the introduction of the environmental protection concept in the central banking law to preserve natural resources and contribute to ensuring sustainable economic development. In that sense, the author will attempt to describe the potential contribution of green central bank legislation in managing and mitigating environmental issues, aiming to identify the ecological dimension of the European Central Bank (ECB) mandate, as the supreme monetary institution of the European Union (EU). The following text focuses on the functional analysis of the ECB’s potential legal mandate for environmental activities, their scope, limitations, and practical justification where the introduction of these new activities must be carefully managed without creating a collision with its primary task of maintaining monetary and financial stability.tability.

A dynamic multidimensional Granger causality based on wavelet decomposition analysis of the tourism and economic growth in China

ABSTRACT This study employs an innovative multimodal approach, integrating Granger causality analysis with wavelet decomposition, to explore the intricate relationship between China’s tourism sector and its economic development spanning from 1995 to 2022. The primary aim is to uncover the causal dynamics between the advancement of tourism and the expansion of the economy across various temporal scopes and dimensions. Through rigorous panel bootstrap causality examinations and meticulous assessments for cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity, this research underscores a dynamic and symbiotic connection between China’s economic progress and the growth of its tourism industry, particularly emphasising the enduring significance of this relationship over the short-run, mid-run, and long-run.

Digital agriculture’s impact on carbon dioxide emissions varies with the economic development of Chinese provinces

Digital empowerment is a dynamic process of complementary digital technology and production factors and plays a critical role in achieving the dual carbon objectives of the carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Here, we use the input-output method, employing panel data on environmental and social factors from 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2012 to 2021. We explore the impact of digital empowerment development on agricultural carbon dioxide emissions and underlying mechanisms. We found that the relationship between digital empowerment and carbon dioxide emissions is nonlinear and follows an inverted U-curve. The carbon dioxide emissions increase as digital empowerment increases and decrease when digital empowerment crosses the inflection point of 0.0862. Digital empowerment reduces agricultural carbon emissions by optimizing carbon-intensive factor inputs such as fertilizers and improving factor allocation efficiency. Our research provides evidence for policymakers to enable the promotion of digital empowerment of farmers across Chinese provinces.

Framework for Strategic Investments in Technology to Enhance Sustainable Economic Development in Emerging Markets

Framework for Strategic Investments in Technology to Enhance Sustainable Economic Development in Emerging Markets

ATUAÇÃO DO GESTOR PÚBLICO NO COMBATE A CORRUPÇÃO

The involvement of public officials in corrupt practices is highly detrimental to public management, as resources that should be allocated to social development are diverted, the efficiency of public services is compromised, and market competition is distorted. Preventing and combating corruption are imperative not only to protect public coffers, but also to ensurepolitical stability and sustainable economic development through state action. Society's intolerance to ethically reprehensible behavior can go beyond public administration, recognizing acts that involve only private individuals as corrupt, and it is important to reflect on strategies that aim to mitigate the effects of this endemic evil, which is corruption. The research achieved its objectives by identifying the challenges faced by public managers, highlighting the need for integrated approaches aimed at public management in order to achieve effective actions regarding the performance of public managers in the face of corruption. The role of public managers in combating corruption is a subject of great importance for public administration and civil society. The overall objective was to evaluate the performance of these managers, investigating the strategies, challenges and contributions to preventing and combating corruption. The methodology used for data collection was bibliographic research, based on the theoretical framework of literature review, selecting and analyzing articles published between 2020 and 2024, using databases that included academic platforms such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The analysis of the articles revealed a variety of topics, including debates on legislation, governance practices, compliance, transparency, accountability, among others. The results highlight the complexity of the topic and the need for integrated and effective approaches to combat corruption in the public sector.

Mechanism analysis of the impact of regional digital transformation on the employment quality in the perspective of labor force structure

Regional digital transformation has revitalized economic development and revolutionized the employment landscape of the labor force. The study employs a dynamic panel system GMM model to investigate the direct and indirect effects of regional digital transformation on the employment quality of China’s labor force using panel data from 31 mainland provinces. The findings suggest that regional digital transformation initially has a negative impact on employment quality, but that it continues to improve continuously as it progresses, showing a “U-shaped” trend. A nonlinear mediation analysis across industry, sector, and skill levels of the labor force structure uncovers a complex, bridging effect on employment quality. This study provides valuable insights for improving employment policies and promoting full employment, highlighting the dynamic interplay between regional digitization and the labor market.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN UKRAINE: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS AND IMPACT ON INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION

In Ukraine, the war has increased the need for urgent infrastructure restoration. Destroyed facilities need to be modernized for the stability of the economy. Public-private partnerships effectively attract investments by mobilizing resources and distributing risks, which increases management efficiency. However, the implementation of public-private partnerships faces challenges, such as an imperfect regulatory framework and corruption, which need to be addressed for further development. The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities of developing public-private partnerships in Ukraine, taking into account the socio-economic context and the needs of the population. The object of the study is the mechanisms of interaction between the public and private sectors and their impact on the restoration of Ukraine’s infrastructure. The study is based on scientific works, statistical data and regulations. Methods used: morphological, empirical, statistical, analysis and synthesis, structural and logical analysis. Theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of “public-private partnership” and “public-private partnership” are generalized, and common and distinctive features are outlined. The peculiarities of the legislative and regulatory framework of public-private partnership in Ukraine are determined. The key advantages and disadvantages of the legislative and regulatory framework for public-private partnerships in Ukraine are outlined. The main indicators of economic development of public-private partnerships in Ukraine for 1990-2023 are presented. The main stages of public-private partnership formation in the time period of 2015-2024 are identified and characterized. The study recommends the main factors of impact of public-private partnerships for the restoration of Ukraine’s infrastructure, including attracting private investment, effective project management, risk sharing, innovation, job creation, improving the quality of services, and attracting international partners.

Occurrence and efficient removal of PFAS from landfill leachates using on-site DTRO systems: A comprehensive analysis across 11 Chinese cities

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known for their persistent toxicity and mobility, pose significant environmental and human health risks. Here we explored the occurrence and efficacy of on-site Double-Pass Reverse Osmosis (DTRO) systems in removing 30 different PFAS from landfill leachates in 11 diverse cities across China. PFAS concentrations in landfill leachate ranged from 938 to 32,491 ng/L, averaging 6,486 ng/L, predominantly comprising short-chain PFAS, notably perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS). Notable emerging substitutes like 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate, fluorobutane sulfonamide, and 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanone sulfonate were also identified. The PFAS levels correlated positively (r2 = 0.79, p < 0.01) with regional economic development, with coastal areas exhibiting higher concentrations than inland regions. The DTRO membrane filtration and ion exchange resin achieved an average removal efficiency of 94 % for ∑30PFAS and even 99.97 % for PFBS (the concentration of PFBS in the raw leachate ranged from 226.36 ng/L to 27,935.61 ng/L, with an average concentration of 4,506.88 ng/L). The Na ion exchange resin had a limited effect on further reducing the PFAS concentration. Our findings not only contribute to the theoretical understanding of PFAS behavior in landfill leachates but also offer a practical engineering applications for global waste management practices.

Demographic Change and Regional Specialisation: The Case of Greek NUTS II Regions

This paper investigates the impact of demographic changes on regional specialisation across Greek NUTS2 regions from 2001 to 2021. It explores the relationship between age-specific variations in the economically active population and gross value added (GVA) across different economic sectors. Using demographic and GVA data alongside spatial analysis techniques such as spatial regression models, median Local Moran’s I, and location quotient, the study identifies spatial autocorrelation patterns. Findings reveal strong correlations between the economically active population and GVA, highlighting demographic factors’ crucial role in regional economic performance. Over the period 2001 to 2021, the 15–24 and 25–34 age groups generally experienced declining growth rates in total, male, and female economically active populations, while the 45–54 and 55–64 age groups saw increases. Regions adjacent to those with higher economically active populations showed high–high clustering. Especially, Attiki and Kentriki Makedonia, the two metropolitan regions of Greece, influence neighbouring regions through economic spillover effects, fostering economic sector clustering and emphasising regional specialisation. These findings highlight the complex interplay between demographic shifts and regional economic outcomes, noting spatial disparities and the need for targeted policy interventions. The study provides empirical evidence demonstrating how demographic changes influence regional economic development across different regions.

Study on Promoting Marine Economic Development with New Quality Productivity

With the rapid development of the global economy, the marine economy has become a new engine to promote global economic growth. The purpose of this article is to explore strategies for developing new, high-quality productivity that will support the marine economy’s quality development. New quality productivity refers to advanced productivity centered on scientific and technological innovation and characterized by high efficiency, intelligence, and green. The article describes the importance of the marine economy and its strategic position in national economic development. It proposes a strategy to promote the development of the marine economy with new quality productivity by analyzing the current challenges facing the development of the marine economy.

The impact of pilot policies for low carbon city construction on the development of urban circular economy multiple time-point difference-in-differences model

IntroductionAs a means of environmental regulation, the low-carbon city pilot policy aims to address climate change and alleviate environmental resource pressures in economic development. The development of low-carbon cities often requires changes to the existing industrial and energy structures, which will have a significant impact on the regional economy.MethodsThe study is based on panel data from 273 prefecture level cities in China from 2012 to 2022, and uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Comprehensive Evaluation Method to construct an evaluation index system for urban circular benefits. Finally, the multiple time point differences model and mediation effect model were used to evaluate the impact and influencing factors of policies on urban economy.ResultsThe results indicate that at the 1% level, the explanatory variable coefficient significantly improves the level of urban circular economy development after adding control variables. The construction of low-carbon pilot cities has improved the performance of circular economy development by about 6.42%. The mediating effect of industrial structure rationalization is significantly positive at the 1% significance level, indicating that the construction of low-carbon pilot cities has greatly promoted the coordinated development of industrial relations within China’s low-carbon development regions.DiscussionIt can be seen that the low-carbon city pilot policy has a significant promoting effect on China’s economic development and the development of urban circular economy. Therefore, it is recommended to further expand the pilot scope of low-carbon cities and fully leverage their promoting role.

The Coupling Coordination Relationship and Driving Factors of the Digital Economy and High-Quality Development of Rural Tourism: Insights from Chinese Experience Data

Globally, rural tourism development faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, insufficient marketing resources, and unreliable service quality, all of which limit its potential. However, digital technology offers unprecedented opportunities to address these barriers. China’s experience in integrating digital technology into rural tourism provides a valuable case study for understanding the digitalization of rural tourism. This study constructs an index system to assess the coupling coordination relationship between the digital economy and the high-quality development of rural tourism (HQDRT). By employing methods such as the entropy method, coupling coordination degree model, obstacle factor model, and geographic detector, the study examines the evolution of this coupling coordination relationship and its driving mechanisms across 31 provinces (including regions and municipalities) in China from 2012 to 2021. The findings reveal that (1) The development of the digital economy generally lags behind that of the rural tourism, but the coupling coordination relationship between the two is steadily improving. (2) The level of coupling coordination increases from west to east, with spatial distribution patterns evolving from ‘antagonism’ to ‘adaptation’ and then to ‘coordination’ as they move eastward. Most provinces belong to the ‘adaptation’ type. (3) From a nationwide perspective, the primary obstacles impeding the development of the digital economy include an insufficient internet penetration rate, which consequently leads to underdeveloped internet finance development and telecommunications industry development. The major barriers to the HQDRT stem from an inadequate number of tourists and a lack of physical infrastructure. (4) Population density, consumer spending, and R&amp;D are significant drivers of the coupling coordination relationship, with the interaction between urbanization rates and other factors generally weakening the degree of coupling.

Nexus between innovation and sustainable economic development: A bibliometrics analysis

This article using thematic and content analysis investigated the contribution of innovation in achieving sustainable economic development. The objective of the bibliometric research was to assess the literature on this subject it identified research trends, ideas, and authors who contributed to this area so that future research and policy directions could be suggested. The data was derived from the Scopus database and was extracted between January 2020 and February 2024 by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Scopus database search yielded 66 articles, published between 2020 and February 2024. Scopus analytics and Microsoft Excel were used for descriptive analysis and VOS Viewer software was used for network visualization of keywords. The descriptive analysis showed the trajectory of research, the prolific authors, their publication outlets, authors affiliation, and county of origin of the documents. The prolific visualization showed five clusters: red, green, blue, purple, and yellow. The main clusters are economic development, alternative energy, sustainable development, and innovation. This research showed where consideration should be given to drive sustainability and sustainable economic development. This research outcome will assist government agencies, corporations, and non-profit organizations in planning appropriate action and policies to support innovative and renewable energy initiatives so that participation in those fields could enhance the opportunity to achieve sustainable economic development.