Boundary Layer Development Research Articles

Optimized heat transfer and drag reduction through corner modifications in square cylinders immersed in power-law fluids

This study numerically investigates fluid flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder with modified corner geometries, varying the corner radius ratio (CRR = r/d) from sharp (r/d = 0) to fully rounded corners (r/d = 0.5). Using computational fluid dynamics based on the finite volume method, the analysis is conducted for incompressible power-law non-Newtonian fluids with power-law indices (n = 0.6 to 1.4) and Reynolds numbers (Re = 5 to 40). The study focuses on how CRR influences heat transfer performance and flow behavior. Results show that increasing CRR significantly enhances heat transfer, as reflected in higher local and average Nusselt numbers (Nu). At Re = 40, the average Nusselt number (Nuavg) increases by 20%–26% when CRR changes from 0 to 0.5, demonstrating the thermal advantages of rounded geometries. Modified corners reduce recirculation lengths and delay flow separation, shifting the separation angle downstream and increasing the separation Reynolds number. These changes improve thermal mixing within the flow. Additionally, drag coefficients decrease by 7%–11% with increasing CRR, illustrating the dual benefits of drag reduction and heat transfer enhancement. Streamline, isotherms and vorticity contour plots provide detailed visualizations of boundary layer development and wake dynamics, revealing the role of CRR in disrupting flow structures and enhancing heat transport. This study highlights the potential of rounded geometries to optimize heat transfer and flow efficiency in systems using power-law non-Newtonian fluids, offering valuable insights for engineering applications.

Boundary-Layer Evolution over the Lower Surface of a Wind-Turbine Airfoil

The boundary-layer evolution over rotor-blade airfoils can be significantly affected by changes in the flow conditions. Because this sensitivity would have a major impact on the wind-turbine performance, it is crucial to evaluate it at the large Reynolds numbers characteristic of modern wind-turbine rotor blades. This work extends earlier wind-tunnel investigations on a DU 91-W2-250 airfoil by examining the transition behavior on its pressure surface at angles-of-attack from −14 to 20 deg and chord Reynolds numbers up to 12 million. Large regions of laminar flow were identified at positive angles-of-attack using temperature-sensitive paint, which also enabled an estimation of the development of turbulent separation at negative incidence. The global surface temperature distributions were supplemented by pressure tap data, which also provided an input for linear stability computations of the laminar boundary layer that supported and complemented the experimental findings. This systematic analysis elucidated not only the effect of Reynolds number and airfoil incidence on laminar-turbulent transition, but also a localized, facility-specific variation in the transition front. The observed boundary-layer evolution substantiated the discussion of the development of the aerodynamic coefficients, which were measured in previous investigations and were well reproduced in the present work.

ENHANCED ELECTRONIC COOLING USING FIN HEATSINK: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Electronic devices consistently produce undesired thermal energy. The growing demand for these devices in various applications necessitates innovative cooling solutions to mitigate thermal losses. The main challenge in electronic cooling is the full development of the thermal boundary layer. This study aims to optimize the conventional rectangular plate-fin heatsink by redeveloping a new thermal boundary, which involves morphing the fin configuration and distribution while maintaining a constant fin volume. We used numerical simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze and compare conventional rectangular plate-fin heatsink performance with two optimized configurations: the bifurcated longitudinal split fin and hybrid plate-pin fin heatsinks. The methodology involves assessing the thermal and flow performance in the form of the average heatsink baseplate temperature and the average pressure drop across the heatsink. We investigated these under a constant heat flux of 5903 W/m2 and varying air velocities between 4 and 12 m/s. The results showed that using five bifurcated plate fins and hybrid plate-pin fins lowers the temperature of the heatsink base plate by 25% and 47%, respectively, compared to conventional rectangular plate fins when the air velocity is 8 m/s. However, these optimized configurations increased the pressure drop across the heat sink.

Mechanisms of Enhanced Cooling by Sidewall Modification in a Microtube Cold Plate

Abstract The thermofluidic effectiveness of a microtube cold plate with sidewall modification has been disputed. This study settles the dispute by detailing how such sidewall modification—hemi-circular cavities arranged along a straight circular microtube embedded with a cold plate—enhances cooling. To this end, a series of numerical simulations for a single microtube cold plate in a practical range of Reynolds numbers (20 ≤ ReD ≤ 200) are carried out. For experimental validation, flow development and pressure drop in both reference and modified microtubes are characterized respectively by microparticle image velocimetry and pneumatic pressure measurements, while surface temperatures on both cold plates' substrates subjected to uniform heat flux are measured by infrared thermography. The results agree that the boundary layer development in each throat, a short straight coolant passage that connects successive cavities, indeed enhances the cooling in the cold plate with the wall modification. However, in contrast to its sole contribution argued previously, a non-negligible source of thermal enhancement is identified. The coolant flow approaching each throat noticeably bifurcates across the throat and cavity sidewall. Thereafter, a boundary layer develops along concave sidewalls and subsequently circulates within each cavity, generating high wall shear stresses upstream of each throat and significantly elevating local cooling. In conclusion, the local cooling both “upstream” and “in” throats plays a dominant role in enhancing the overall cooling in the cold plate with wall modification, up to 40% over the reference microtube cold plate in the Reynolds number range considered.

Study of fog dissipation in an internal boundary layer on Sable Island

AbstractAn interesting fog dissipation event was observed during the Fog and Turbulence Interactions in the Marine Atmosphere (FATIMA) Grand Banks field campaign, where a fog‐free region appeared immediately downstream of Sable Island as fog advected past it. This fog‐free region was predicted a priori by a high‐resolution numerical model that guided intensive operational periods of the FATIMA campaign, and its presence was adumbrated by GOES satellite observations. A comprehensive set of field observations shows that this fog‐free layer was due to the development of a (daytime) thermal internal boundary layer (IBL) that grew with distance from the leading shore line. The net incoming radiation following sunrise led to an increased air temperature and decreased relative humidity close to the ground, thus dissipating fog over the island. The height of the thermal IBL, as identified by the thickness of the superadiabatic layer, was found to be consistent with several available theoretical IBL formulae.

Scaling and Transition Effects on Hollow-Cylinder/Flare Shock/Boundary-Layer Interactions in Wind Tunnel Environments

A comprehensive investigation into the flow over a hollow-cylinder and θ=15° flare has been conducted at Mach 5 with transitional Reynolds numbers. Experiments of two similar models have been conducted in LT5 at the University of Arizona and R2Ch at ONERA. Considerable differences in reattachment behavior were observed from infrared thermography measurements indicating that the reattachment in LT5 was approximately twice as far from the flare base as observed in R2Ch. Supporting simulations have been performed at the University of Arizona and the Technical University of Munich. Various effects are reviewed: Mach numbers and wall temperatures modulating boundary-layer development, 3D relief effects due to differences in normalized cylinder diameters, leading-edge bluntness effects, and the impact of freestream disturbances. Simulations show that modulation of freestream noise amplitude can scale the interaction size to match experiments. Experimental investigation of the respective noise environment between the two facilities showed that despite exhibiting similar noise magnitudes, they differed considerably in frequency content, suggesting that additional parameters are required when quantifying wind tunnel freestream noise conditions. These discrepancies are believed to lead to greater seeding of shear layer instabilities in R2Ch, resulting in faster transition, consistent with the experimentally observed smaller recirculation bubble.

ON THE APPLICATION OF BACKGROUND ORIENTED SCHLIEREN TO A TRANSONIC LOW-REYNOLDS TURBINE CASCADE

Abstract Qualitative and quantitative visualizations of transonic turbomachinery flows provide essential information on compressibility effects on boundary layer development, shock-boundary layer interactions and trailing edge flows. Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) is a relatively new optical technique that allows capturing density gradient fields through turbomachinery cascades and thus, quantitative experimental data to validate transonic and supersonic blade designs. However, only very few experimental works in the open literature have successfully applied BOS to transonic turbine or compressor flows. The current study presents the application of BOS to a transonic low pressure turbine cascade, the VKI SPLEEN C1 cascade for a range of Reynolds numbers (70,000 to 140,000) and transonic Mach numbers (0.90 to 1.00). The linear turbine cascade is tested at the von Karman Institute in the S-1/C high-speed wind tunnel. The test section is instrumented with different BOS optical setups to visualize time-resolved density gradients through the turbine passage and at the trailing edge plane with dedicated field of views. The BOS images are processed using the cross-correlation algorithm, and the optical flow approach, recently introduced in BOS applications to gain spatial resolution and increased sensitivity. Steady-state density gradients of the cascade flow characterize the airfoil boundary layers, wakes and shock waves. The results from the two data reduction methods are assessed and compared against available RANS predictions. Time-resolved measurements reveal the low-frequency motion of weak shock waves generated in the blade passage using POD and spectra analysis.

Numerical investigation on dimpled target average heat transfer in free-surface water jet impingement and its enhancement effect versus flat plate target

Jet impingement serves as an effective method to enhance heat transfer in diverse industrial applications, utilizing either a separate fluid from the ambient (free-surface jet) or identical fluids (submerged jet). The target surface undergoes distinct thermal processes, featuring zones like the stagnation zone, boundary layer formation, and the transition from laminar to turbulent wall flow. However, heat transfer efficiency diminishes significantly due to pressure gradient changes beyond the stagnation zone, impeding flow and boundary layer development. Addressing this decline through surface modification techniques, such as incorporating spherical dimples, emerges as an innovative approach. This study develops a numerical model via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations utilizing Volume of Fluid (VOF) modeling for water jet impingement on a flat plate target. The model’s validity is established by comparing hydrodynamic and thermal aspects in both laminar and turbulent scenarios against established experimental data in literature. Nine dimpled target surfaces, featuring diverse dimensional properties and positioning configurations, are examined using this model to explore potential enhancements in heat transfer intensity. The findings indicate a notable increase in the overall surface average Nusselt number, potentially reaching up to 50% by implementing dimples in the current context. Moreover, the study highlights that the radial distribution of dimples and the non-uniform flow path ahead of the incoming fluid, which differs from parallel flat flow, result in varying effects based on dimensional properties. For instance, it has been found that modifying dimensions such as deepening dimples or altering their proximity could yield contrary effects, emphasizing the need for an optimization methodology to determine the most efficient dimpled surface setup within a given geometry.

Influence of clouds on planetary boundary layer height: A comparative study and factors analysis

Clouds are one of the key factors influencing the evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Understanding the complex interactions between clouds and PBL height (PBLH) is essential for accurately simulating and predicting PBL processes. This study investigates the impact of clouds on PBLH evolution based on the lidar, radiosonde, ceilometer, and meteorological parameters observations at the Southern Great Plains site during the period January 2013 to December 2020. The findings indicates that the presence of clouds has an impact on the evolution of the PBLH. During the daytime, PBLH is lower under cloudy conditions than clear conditions, whereas during nighttime, PBLH is higher under cloudy conditions. This phenomenon arises because the intense solar radiation on clear days and strong turbulent mixing on cloudy nights contribute to the formation and maintenance of PBLH. Furthermore, during the daytime, clouds scatter and absorb solar radiation, leading to lower net radiation (NetR), sensible heat flux (SHF), surface temperature (TEM), and soil temperature (SoilT). These conditions, coupled with weaker turbulence intensity and high relative humidity (RH), leading to lower PBLH under cloudy conditions. Although TEM and SoilT are relatively high during clear nights, rapid surface radiative cooling and strong atmospheric stability inhibit the development of the PBLH. Consequently, during cloudy nights, clouds absorb and reflect longwave radiation from the surface, reducing surface radiative cooling rates, enhancing atmospheric instability and turbulence intensity. Furthermore, higher NetR and SHF, along with decreased RH, result in slightly deeper PBLH compared to clear conditions. Overall, this study systematically elucidates the influence of clouds on PBLH evolution and contributes to the understanding of the modulation of cloud on PBL structure.

Transition of the thermal boundary layer and plume over an isothermal section-triangular roof: an experimental study

The development of thermal boundary layers and plume near a section-triangular roof under different isothermal heating conditions has been the focus of numerous numerical studies. However, flow transition in this type of flow has never been observed experimentally. Here, phase-shifting interferometry and thermistor measurements are employed to experimentally observe and quantify the flow transitions in a buoyancy-driven flow over an isothermal section-triangular roof. Visualisation of temperature contours is conducted across a wide range of Rayleigh numbers from laminar at 103 to chaotic state at 4 × 106. Power spectral density of the temperature measurements reveals the type of bifurcations developing as the Rayleigh number is increased. This flow transition is characterised as a complex bifurcation route with the presence of two fundamental frequencies, a low and a high frequency. We found that the thermal stratification in the environment plays a significant role in the flow transition. The spatial development of flow is also quantitatively and qualitatively described. In addition to clarifying flow transition in experiments, the work demonstrates the implementation of phase-shifting interferometry and punctual temperature measurements for characterisation of near-field flow over a heated surface.

Spatiotemporal information propagation in confined supersonic reacting flows

The interplay between mass injection, heat release, and boundary layer development plays a key role in dictating the dynamics and stability of confined supersonic flows. The relative impacts of these factors and the timescales over which they influence the upstream and downstream flow can provide critical insights into how different operating modes develop. As such, this work presents a series of simulations of an experimental axisymmetric direct connect flowpath. The mass flow rates and chemical compositions of the injection stages are varied, and subsequent information propagation and mode transitions are analyzed using spatiotemporal correlations of cross-sectional averaged quantities. Increasing the injection flow rate decreases the time lags and durations of positive correlations between pressure and heat release at various points along the flowpath. Meanwhile, in dual-mode cases with lower injection flow rates, these correlations develop after longer time delays and persist for a longer times, illustrating how information propagates more gradually in these scenarios. Over the full flowpath, positive correlations persist for comparatively long times between (1) the upstream isolator pressure and the pressure elsewhere, and (2) the pressure in the downstream diverging combustor section and the upstream pressure. As such, the influence of the pressure in the intermediate constant-area combustor section decays more rapidly. Conditional statistics suggest that flow blockage and pressurization from the injected mass reduce the local ignition delay, thereby facilitating increased pressurization via heat release in a positive feedback loop.

Topology optimization of rectangular parallel plate heat exchanger unit

This research develops computational optimization applied, for the first time, to Rectangular Parallel Plate Heat Exchanger unit (RPP-HEX-U). This is by employing Finite Element Analysis coupled to topology design method. New innovative fins design are obtained that enhance importantly the overall thermal performance and efficiency of the RPP-HEX-U. The new design indicates that the new topology-optimized fins outperform traditional ones (cylindrical, rectangular, and chevron-type plate fins) in enhancing heat exchange performance and preventing local dead zones formation. The obtained Nusselt number (Nu) of the topology-optimized fins design is significantly higher, with an increase of 5.77% to 8.23% compared to traditional cylindrical and rectangular fins, respectively. The Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) values of the topology-optimized fins range from 1.71 to 2.12, thus indicating superior overall performance. Three-dimensional numerical simulations confirmed the effectiveness of these fins in disrupting boundary layer development and enhancing heat transfer within the RPP-HEX-U. The innovative fin design, feasible for manufacturing via stamping technology, adds additional value thanks to the industrial feasibility of the present approach.

Effect of Fin Configuration on the Early Stage of the Melting Process of a Phase Change Material

Thermal storage systems are essential for optimizing energy resource utilization, particularly in the current context where sustainability and efficiency are critical. Phase Change materials (PCMs) offer a promising solution for improving thermal management efficiency without additional power consumption. Considering that the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs) is a limiting factor for heat transfer, this study employs the enthalpy-porosity method to analyze the melting characteristics of a high-Prandtl number PCM. Additionally, this study investigated the effect of varying the number of fins in the heat sink on the heat transfer rate. The material melting process was modeled by considering buoyancy effects and treating the flow as incompressible, Newtonian, transient, and laminar. Lauric acid was selected as the working material with temperature-dependent properties that were incorporated into the simulations for greater accuracy. Three different heat sink configurations were analyzed, varying the number of fins from 5 to 10 and their lengths from 0.02 meters to 0.04 meters. The objective was to optimize the cooling performance using aluminum, which was selected for its excellent balance of lightweight properties and high thermal conductivity. This analysis aimed to assess how these variations in the fin count and dimensions affect the overall heat dissipation efficiency and thermal management of the system. The inclusion of a finned heat sink within a heat exchanger has demonstrated significant efficiency, particularly in regions with substantial boundary layer development, resulting in enhanced heat transfer. These findings highlight the effectiveness of using finned heat sinks in these regions. However, an interesting observation emerged regarding the effect of increasing the number of fins over long periods. Although initially beneficial, a larger number of fins eventually led to a reduced performance over time, notably affecting the thermal storage capacity and molten liquid mass production. Additionally, this study elucidates the influence of natural convection on thermal boundary layer development, highlighting the complexity of the heat transfer processes.

An experimental investigation of boundary layer over permeable interfaces in Hele-Shaw micromodels

This study experimentally investigates boundary layer development over permeable interfaces using Hele-Shaw micromodels and high-resolution micro-particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV). Velocity vectors, captured at a 5 μm scale, reveal the flow behavior at the interface between free-flow and porous media with ordered structures and porosities ranging from 50% to 85%. The results show that the boundary layer streamline alignment decreases with increasing porosity, while lower permeability fosters more uniform and parallel flow near the interface. Flow channeling occurs along paths of the least resistance, with more flow directed through the Hele-Shaw free-flow region as the solid fraction of the porous material increases. The Reynolds number (0.14–0.94), based on the Hele-Shaw hydraulic diameter, has a minimal effect on the normalized velocity distribution. Furthermore, an analytical solution for the external boundary layer thickness exhibited good agreement with experimental data, confirming a thickness of 2–4 times the square root of the free-flow Hele-Shaw permeability. Additionally, a Q-criterion analysis identified, for the first time, distinct zones within the external boundary layer, capturing the balance between rotational and deformation components as a function of permeability. These findings offer insight into flow dynamics in porous media systems, with implications for both natural and industrial applications, and contribute to the improved modeling of fluid dynamics and momentum transport in coupled free-flow and porous media environments.

An insight into the vortex-induced vibration and near-wall vortex evolution of a roughed circular cylinder with truncated conical shape protrusions

The vortex-induced vibrations of a roughed circular cylinder with truncated conical shape protrusions to simulate the attachment of barnacles are numerically investigated in this paper. The coverage ratio (CR) of protrusions varies from 0% to 80% with an increment of 20%, and the simulation is conducted in the reduced velocity range of Ur = 1.43–11.00. The numerical results indicate that the boundary layer development of the cylinder is continuously disrupted by the protrusions, generating inter-rib vortices. Five near-wall vortex structures are identified, including the main vortex, merged main vortex, subordinate vortex, inter-rib quasi-stagnation vortex and dynamic inter-rib vortex. The evolution of the near-wall vortex is dependent on both the Ur and CR. As CR grows, the numbers of boundary layer separation and reattachment increase, and the associated points become to be more concentrated on the front surface of the cylinder. The vortex formation length and wake width are closely related to the location of boundary layer separation, significantly influencing the hydrodynamic coefficients. The emergence of merged main vortices leads to an increase in the vortex intensity, thereby affecting the hydrodynamic coefficients. The vibration response of the cylinder with protrusions of CR = 20% is significantly enhanced with the accompany of and broadened lock-in region, which is attributed to the transformation of the vortex shedding mode.

Light Absorption Properties of Brown Carbon Aerosol During Winter at a Polluted Rural Site in the North China Plain

Brown carbon aerosols (BrC), a subfraction of organic aerosols, significantly influence the atmospheric environment, climate and human health. The North China Plain (NCP) is a hotspot for BrC research in China, yet our understanding of the optical properties of BrC in rural regions is still very limited. In this study, we characterize the chemical components and light absorption of BrC at a rural site during winter in the NCP. The average mass concentration of PM1 is 135.1 ± 82.3 μg/m3; organics and nitrate are the main components of PM1. The absorption coefficient of BrC (babs,BrC) is 53.6 ± 45.7 Mm−1, accounting for 39.5 ± 10.2% of the total light absorption at 370 nm. Diurnal variations reveal that the babs,BrC and organics are lower in the afternoon, attributed to the evolution of planetary boundary layers. BrC is mainly emitted locally, and both the aqueous phase and the photooxidation reactions can increase babs,BrC. Notably, the babs,BrC is reduced when RH > 65%. During foggy conditions, reactions in the aqueous phase facilitate the formation of secondary components and contribute to the bleaching of BrC. This process ultimately causes a decrease in both the absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) and the mass absorption efficiency (MAE). In contrast, the babs,BrC, along with AAE and MAE, rise significantly due to substantial primary emissions. This study enhances our understanding of the light absorption of BrC in rural polluted regions of the NCP.

Legacy of aerosol radiative effect predominates daytime dust loading evolution

Dust radiative effect imposes pronounced perturbations on planetary boundary layer (PBL) development. In turn, the modified PBL characteristics and circulation fields regulate subsequent dust processes, which have not been explored sufficiently. In this study, parallel experiments are designed to isolate the instant, legacy and nonlinear impacts of aerosol radiative effect on daytime dust storm evolution over the Tarim Basin. During a typical dust storm event, legacy radiative effect is found to dominate dust loading dynamics and modulates mean dust burden by more than 16 % in the central basin and − 41 % in the marginal basin. Specifically, the dust column concentration increases in central regions but decreases in marginal regions. Dust aerosols cause opposite heating rate distributions and PBL structure between the central and marginal regions through altering radiative balance. Dust-induced cooling effect in the marginal regions leads to PBL suppression and attenuates entrainment mixing. Negative net heating also results in lowered potential temperature, elevated air pressure and thus increases their horizontal gradients. Accordingly, wind speeds are amplified through geostrophic and thermal wind effects, which further accelerate deposition rates, and eventually weaken dust suspension. In the central basin, dust plumes stimulate a warm mixing layer and unstable entrainment zone, which inhibit dry deposition removal and favor dust accumulation in the atmosphere. Our study highlights the importance of accounting PBL dynamics and geostrophic balance in quantifying the impacts of preceding radiative effect on subsequent dust evolution.

Two-Phase Flow Modelling Based on Roughness Surface Effect of Roller Compacted Concrete

One of the most important considerations that are interest to researchers on the stepped spillway in hydraulic structure is the location of the point at which the flow begins to transform into two phase-flow and the development of boundary layers. In this study, an unconventional rough surface was used (RCC materials), which has completely different properties from what is used in previous laboratory studies, which uses smooth surfaces in reality to represent the actual roughness of the surface. Benchmark mixes are evaluated as a reference standard concrete to determine the optimal combination proportions for RCC according to The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Standard. A laboratory study of different models enhanced by a mathematical model CFD with VOF technics to described the two- phase interaction to investigate the location of the inception point and compare the results with the proposed equations assumed by different researchers in this topic. The results obtained from the study showed a clear effect of surface roughness on the location of the inception point and the formation of the boundary layer for laboratory models. It’s clearly found that the two-phase flow starts with closer locations than it is for conventional models and the ratios vary (10 % - 20 %) according to the discharge values (where the effect of surface roughness is evident in the low discharges compared to the high discharges in which the boundary Lear effect begins to fade.

Numerical simulation of shock attenuation with real gas effects and a turbulent boundary layer in the expansion tube

The influence of real gas effects and a turbulent boundary layer on shock wave attenuation in the expansion tube is studied by numerically solving the axisymmetric compressible Navier–Stokes equations with an adaptive mesh refinement technique. Numerical simulation results reveal that the ideal gas assumption is not applicable to the expansion tube, and the turbulent boundary layer plays a major role in decreasing the shock wave speed in the acceleration tube of the expansion tube. Shock wave attenuation is attributed to the turbulent boundary layer decreasing the pressure behind the shock wave. The numerical simulations that include the real gas effects and the development of turbulent boundary layers qualitatively agree with analytical solutions in the shock tube, and they show good agreement with the experimental results, especially for the shock speed in the acceleration tube of the expansion tube. Both effects should be considered in the numerical simulation model aimed to support experiments in expansion tubes.

Enhanced mass scattering efficiencies of background dust aerosols over East Asia following the passage of dust plumes

The transported dust particles significantly impact global weather and climate. Previous studies focused primarily on the physical and chemical properties of dust plumes, but the interaction mechanism between these dust plumes and background dust aerosols remains unclear. We explored this issue using in-situ observation data of the East Asia dust from the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) during January 2013. We identified a dust plume originating from the Gurbantunggut Desert, which triggered a four-day dust event with an average dust concentration of 67.2 μg m−3. Notably, this dust event led to a significant increase in mass scattering efficiencies of dust, shifting from an inverted U-shape to a continuously increasing pattern with wavelength. The enhanced dust mass scattering efficiency inhibited the development of the planetary boundary layer. These changes persisted for at least two weeks after the event, primarily due to the resuspension of deposited dust particles altering the size of background dust particle. Our findings highlight the ability of dust plumes to enhance the scattering efficiency of background dust aerosols and providing new insights into the complex interactions between dust and the atmosphere.