Developed Pressure Research Articles

Preserving Roots: A Commitement to Cultural and Heritage Landscape Conservation

Lal Bagh Palace in Indore, India, stands as an architectural marvel and a symbol of the region's rich cultural heritage. This research paper delves into the multifaceted endeavor of conserving Lal Bagh Palace as a cultural and heritage landscape. Through archival research, site documentation, stakeholder consultations, and community engagement, the study explores the historical significance, architectural features, and socio-cultural context of Lal Bagh Palace. It examines the challenges facing its conservation, including urban development pressures, environmental degradation, and the need for sustainable tourism management. The research also evaluates conservation initiatives undertaken to preserve the palace's integrity and authenticity while enhancing its accessibility and relevance to diverse audiences. By synthesizing insights from cultural and heritage conservation, landscape management, and community involvement, the paper proposes holistic strategies for sustaining Lal Bagh Palace as a vibrant cultural asset. This study contributes to the broader discourse on cultural and heritage landscape conservation by offering practical lessons and recommendations applicable to similar historic sites. Keywords: Cultural heritage preservation, Landscape conservation, Cultural roots, Heritage landscapes, Preservation strategies, Community involvement, Conservation practices, Cultural identity, Historical significance, Sustainable development, Cultural landscapes, Traditional knowledge, Indigenous heritage, Conservation policies, Interdisciplinary approach, Cultural stewardship, Ethnographic research, Cultural sustainability, Landscape management, Preservation challenges.

Awareness begets action: public climate attention and corporate green innovation

ABSTRACT In this study, we examine the effect and mechanism of public climate attention on corporate green innovation. We find that green innovation strengthens with increasing degrees of public climate attention. Moreover, the impact of public climate attention on green innovation is more significant when enterprises face more green development pressure and hold more resource reserves. Further investigation reveals that public climate attention contributes more to green innovation in samples of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), non-high-tech companies, and under more frequent extreme climate disasters. Finally, based on the differences in firm motivation for engaging in green innovation, we also explore the influence of public climate attention on firms’ substantive and strategic green innovations and find that public climate attention significantly contributes to both types of innovation. Our research results are of theoretical and practical significance for achieving dual-carbon goals and promoting sustainable social development and high-quality economic development.

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Strip Footing on Shear Band Development and Lateral Pressure Distribution in Helical Soil-Nailed Walls

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Strip Footing on Shear Band Development and Lateral Pressure Distribution in Helical Soil-Nailed Walls

A silicon resonant pressure sensor based on thermal stresses matched structures

This paper introduced a silicon resonant pressure sensor based on thermal stress-matched structures to extend the operating temperature range. The sensor designed this time consists of an SOI wafer with a pressure-sensitive diaphragm for pressure sensing and two integrated resonators, a silicon wafer for vacuum packaging, and a glass wafer for additional stress isolation. The multilayer structures were bonded together to form a thermal stress-matched part to address the problem of temperature inflection points of conventional resonant pressure sensors within broad temperature zones. Finite element analyses optimized the sensor’s pressure- and temperature-sensitive characteristics. Micromachining based on eutectic and anodic bonding to fabricate sensor chips. Characterization results indicated the developed pressure sensor can work stably in a wide temperature range of -55∼125°C and has excellent fitting accuracy exceeding ±0.01% FS., which showed a better performance than previously reported counterparts.

The Green Development in Saline–Alkali Lands: The Evolutionary Game Framework of Small Farmers, Family Farms, and Seed Industry Enterprises

Amid global climate change and population growth, the prevalence of saline–alkali lands significantly hampers sustainable agricultural development. This study employs theories of asymmetric information and bounded rationality to construct an evolutionary game model, analyzing the interactions among small farmers, family farms, and seed industry enterprises in the context of saline–alkali land management. It investigates the strategic choices and dynamics of these stakeholders under the influence of economic incentives and risk perceptions, with a focus on how government policies can foster green development. Utilizing Delay Differential Equations (DDEs) for simulations, this study highlights the risk of “market failure” without government intervention and underscores the need for government participation to stabilize and improve the efficiency of the green development process. The findings reveal that factors such as initial willingness to participate, the economic viability of salt-tolerant crops, seed pricing, research and development costs, and the design of incentive policies are crucial for sustainable land use. Accordingly, the paper proposes specific policy measures to enhance green development, including strengthening information dissemination and technical training, increasing the economic attractiveness of salt-tolerant crops, alleviating research and development pressures on seed companies, and optimizing economic incentives. This study provides a theoretical and policy framework for the sustainable management of saline–alkali lands, offering insights into the behavioral choices of agricultural stakeholders and supporting government strategies for agricultural and environmental protection.

How Can Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises Improve Green Innovation Performance through Innovation Ecosystems?

Under the fierce business competition and sustainable development pressure, the pattern of enterprise innovation has gradually changed from independent innovation to cooperative innovation. As a collection of multi-type innovation actors, the innovation ecosystem provides opportunities and platforms for cooperative innovation among government–industry–university–research institutions. While the present studies on innovation ecosystems are mostly from the perspective of the system level, few studies pay attention to the innovation mechanism of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMMEs) in the innovation ecosystem. Therefore, this study takes SMMEs embedded in innovation ecosystems as research objects and explores the factors affecting green innovation. We constructed a theoretical model to explain the effect of innovation eco-embeddedness on green innovation performance based on ecosystem theory and network embeddedness theory; we then collected 363 samples of SMMEs in China through surveys and further tested the data empirically. The results show that the innovation eco-embeddedness (IEE) of SMMEs has a positive effect on their green innovation performance (GIP), and their green value co-creation practices (GVCCPs) partially mediate the relationship between IEE and GIP. Moreover, ecological norms (ENs) in the innovation ecosystem not only positively moderate the impact of IEE on GVCCPs but also positively moderate the mediating role of GVCCPs. This study enriches the relevant research on innovation ecosystems from the perspective of non-core enterprises and provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for SMMEs to implement green innovation practices and realize growth through innovation ecosystems.

Regulamentele și alte acte normative ale municipalității bucureștene referitoare la piețe și hale (1870–1914)

Since 1864, cities have played an increasingly important role in creating the norms and rules that governed human life, from economic activity to leisure. These rules had a very important role in the modernization process, contributing substantially to changing behaviours and practices, creating professional bodies, and adopting Western models. However, in Romanian historiography, this phenomenon is far from receiving the attention it deserves. Our paper aims to analyse the regulations, ordinances, and decisions issued by the Bucharest City Hall, regarding trade carried out in market halls, markets, in various places on the city streets, or by peddlers. Markets and market halls were, in the City Hall's conception, not just places intended for the trade of food and various other goods. They were supposed to be fundamental tools through which the municipality ensured that the citizens of Bucharest had access to safe food – from a hygienic and sanitary point of view – and that the numerous diseases transmitted through food had as few consequences as possible on the health of the capital's inhabitants. To attain this aim, the mayor, the Municipal Council, and the Hygiene Council elaborated and enacted numerous rules, which, under the combined pressure of the city's development, advances in the medical, chemical, and biological sciences, not least the professionalization of the municipal administration, experienced a rapid evolution during the chronologic span discussed. At the same time, the City Hall invested in the creation of an infrastructure that would allow the application of these measures (market halls and market, abattoir, laboratory for chemical and bacteriological analysis, etc.), and a body of officials that would ensure their compliance.

Impaired Ischemia-Reperfusion Responses in the Hearts of Aged Male and Female Offspring of Obese Rats

Maternal obesity predisposes offspring (F1) to cardiovascular disease. To evaluate basal heart function and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) responses in F1 males and females of obese mothers, female Wistar rats (F0) were fed chow or an obesogenic (MO) diet from weaning through pregnancy and lactation. Non-sibling F1 males and females were weaned to chow at postnatal day (PND) 21 and euthanized at PND 550. Offspring of MO mothers (MOF1) rarely survive beyond PND 650. Hearts were immediately isolated from euthanized F1s and subjected to 30 min ischemia with 20 min reperfusion. Retroperitoneal fat, serum triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance were measured. Baseline left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was lower in male and female MOF1 than in controls. After global ischemia, LVDP in control (C) male and female F1 recovered 78 and 83%, respectively, while recovery in MO male and female F1 was significantly lower at 28 and 52%, respectively. Following the IR challenge, MO hearts showed a higher functional susceptibility to reperfusion injury, resulting in lower cardiac reserve than controls in both sexes. Female hearts were more resistant to IR. Retroperitoneal fat was increased in male MOF1 vs. CF1. Circulating triglycerides and insulin resistance were increased in male and female MOF1 vs. CF1. These data show that MO programming reduces F1 cardiac reserve associated with age-related insulin resistance in a sex-specific manner.

Vision of Industrial Innovation Guided by Artificial Intelligence

This article proposes that only by prioritizing the formulation of data rights protection and circulation rules that adapt to the development characteristics of the artificial intelligence industry, can the compliance costs of enterprises be reduced, and ultimately, high-quality datasets can be developed and utilized to promote innovation in the artificial intelligence industry and to form a new engine for social progress in the 21st century. The action research includes supporting the development of public clouds, orderly guiding departments, units, and individuals to purchase public cloud computing resources and services, and avoiding duplicate construction of intelligent computing centers. The research project emphasizes the need to guide and support enterprises to increase cloud computing, computing power leasing, algorithm valuation, and arithmetic purchasing through social forces, reduce the cost pressure of user research and application development, deepen industrial integration, and expand application scenarios. This article proposes that data elements should not be limited to addition empowerment, but should focus on multiplier mechanisms. Firstly, we need to accelerate the expansion of artificial intelligence big data open innovation platforms, while encouraging enterprises and research institutions to share high-quality corpus resources. We also need to support professional data annotation and cleaning preprocessing work, ultimately opening up a high-quality data source for building big models.

Housing Perceptions and Code Enforcement: An Assessment of Demolition Orders Using Street View Imagery and Machine Intelligence

The rapid growth of U.S. Sunbelt cities has intensified urban development pressures. Low-income housing demolitions are a result of such pressures as they are “low hanging fruit” for urban renewal, which can be further intensified by housing quality perceptions. By combining deep learning on Street View images (STV) with machine learning, we provide a model that accurately predicts demolition orders and allows assessing the heterogeneity of these predictions depending on the evaluator’s perceptions. Based on fast-growing San Antonio (TX) data, our results show that automated models can be useful to assess human perception biases of code enforcers.

Application of PZT Nanofiber Flexible MEMS Technology in Human Resource Employment Pressure Management

The advancement of society has led to increasing pressure on employment in human resources. Effectively managing and alleviating this pressure has emerged as an urgent problem to be addressed. This study presents a novel pressure sensor utilizing microelectromechanical systems technology, with the aim of offering a fresh solution for managing employment pressure in the human resource sector. Firstly, this study presents the preparation and characterization of lead zirconate titanate nanofibers, followed by the development of a flexible pressure sensor using microelectromechanical systems technology specifically designed for these fibers. Finally, this study evaluates the performance of the developed pressure sensor. The results revealed that the open circuit output voltage of the sensor peaked at a pressure frequency of 110 Hz, indicating the highest level of response. In addition, it was observed that the open circuit output voltage of the fabricated sensor exhibited fluctuations within the voltage range of –3.8 V to 5.0 V, confirming its ability to precisely respond to variations in external pressure at any given moment. The features of this developed pressure gauge render it an ideal tool for real-time monitoring and evaluation of pressure, thereby possessing wideranging application prospects.

Last stand: Application of a criteria-based framework to inform conservation of a critically threatened tropical lowland forest fragment

Investing resources into protecting small, isolated tropical forest fragments can require considerable justification, especially in the context of limited resources and competing development pressures. Nevertheless, fragments may be suitable targets for conservation if they offer irreplaceable biodiversity outcomes and align with conservation aspirations. This is particularly true for island systems such as Oceania, where tropical lowland forest fragments may be the last remaining representatives of critical habitat due to agriculture or urban expansion on limited flat land. Despite this urgency, the decision to invest significant resources into a permanent conservation investment should be informed by a systematic framework to evaluate relevant conservation criteria for one or multiple sites. Here we present a case study where we applied the criteria-based framework of the Forest Legacy Program of the United States Forest Service, to assess the importance, threat, and strategic benefits of the last known remnant (9.33 ha) of lowland lava flow forest in American Samoa (Polynesia). We expounded on the FLP framework by providing examples of potential evidence and corresponding datasets that could inform the conservation criteria. For the case study, we conducted a comprehensive high-precision tree census to quantify forest structure and composition and compare with other forest types in the country, which revealed high conservation importance based on unique community composition and irreplaceable tree species representations, including Pometia pinnata, Dendrocnide harveyi, and two banyan figs Ficus obliqua and F. prolixa. Analysis of historical (70-year) aerial imagery and recent land cover maps, evidence of recent small-scale incursions, documented attempts by the landowners to obtain development permits, and the need for a court-imposed injunction and a conservation lease to prevent further encroachment, all indicated a high likelihood of conversion (threat) if left unprotected. Finally, we found that protection of this fragment would strategically align with the conservation, management, and education portfolios of the American Samoa government, and provide significant cultural and well-being benefits to the public, specific to the fact that this is the last representative of lava flow forest and is easily accessible to the public. We conclude that there is strong justification for conservation of Naumati forest, which in this case would be through a land purchase. More broadly, criteria-based approaches are often broad and flexible and can be widely applied, but they require significant work to collect data and generate evidence that is meaningful to conservation practitioners working on-the-ground. Effectively linking data to evidence to criteria and ultimately to decision-making is key to justifying sound conservation investments.

Contradictions in human-nature relationships threaten coastal resilience and sustainability in the Bohai Rim Region, China.

Under the challenge of global environmental change and rapid development, tremendous risks brought about by natural disasters and human activities have increased environmental pressures for sustainable development. How to improve coastal resilience in the process of urban development has become an important topic in academia. In this study, a variable fuzzy recognition model was used to measure the level of coastal resilience in 17 cities in the Bohai Rim region, and then the kernel density, thiel index, and random forest model were used to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of coastal resilience. The results show that (1) The overall resilience level of the Bohai Rim region is increasing over time, but at a relatively slow rate. (2) Coastal resilience has significant spatial unevenness, with high-level cities dominated by Tianjin, Qingdao, Yantai, etc. and low-level cities dominated by Cangzhou, Panjin, Yingkou, Binzhou, etc. (3) The influence of economic development, infrastructure, innovation ability, technology investment, and government regulation on coastal resilience decreases in order. Based on the research findings, the study can not only make suggestions for the actual regulation strategy but also provide empirical and theoretical experience for other coastal countries.

Cardioprotective effects of losartan and diminazene against the ischemia/reperfusion injury in hyperthyroidism rats.

Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces high levels of thyroid hormone. Heart diseases are one of the main complications of hyperthyroidism. Several studies have shown that losartan (LOS) and diminazene aceturate (DIZE) possess cardioprotection effects against cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. The research aimed to investigate the cardioprotection of LOS, DIZE, and their combination in the case of levothyroxine (LT4)-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Hyperthyroidism was induced by LT4 in drinking water (12mg/L) for 28 days. LOS (10mg/kg, orally) and/or DIZE (15mg/kg, subcutaneously) were administrated in rats with hyperthyroidism for 28 days. Decreased serum creatine kinase myoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase levels and cardiac hypertrophy by DIZE and combination therapy in hyperthyroidism rats have been reported. Cardiac hemodynamic findings showed that DIZE and its combination with LOS decreased the LT4-mediated left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), rate pressure product (RPP), and RPP recovery percentage. Elevated cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation were confirmed by decreasing cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increasing the total oxidative stress and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. SOD activity and TNF-α level were reversed by LOS and DIZE administration, respectively. Generally, DIZE and combination therapy with LOS improved cardiac dysfunction caused by hyperthyroidism in rats, whereas LOS alone has not been able to effectively respond to this dysfunction.

Zoning strategies for ecological restoration in the karst region of Guangdong province, China: a perspective from the “social-ecological system”

Ecological restoration holds great significance in addressing environmental degradation and rock desertification in karst areas. Zoning strategy is a fundamental task in understanding the interrelationship between human-environment to foster sustainable development. We explore “social-ecological” system and conduct a case study on the karst region in Guangdong Province, China. An evaluation framework consists of “development pressure”, “sensitivity status”, and “resilience potential” was established. The results show that: regions with high pressure of development are predominantly located in high-density urban areas. The generally distribution of the comprehensive status index exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity. Regions with low sensitivity are found on the eastern and western sides of the study area. The comprehensive resilience values are largely influenced by per capita energy-saving and environmental protection expenditures. The restoration zones mainly concentrated in the contiguous regions of the northwestern and southern parts, covering more than half of the total area. The conservation zones are more numerous and primarily situated in the northern and eastern parts. By integrating socio-economic and ecological factors, this study proposes ecological restoration strategies for specific zones. It helps for improve development issues arising from complex interactions between human-environment, facilitating the implementation of restoration practices.

Achieving carbon neutrality in Shanghai's municipal wastewater treatment sector requires coordinated water conservation and technical improvement

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) situated within urban landscapes play a critical role in fostering sustainable urban development while concurrently serving as substantial contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Under the dual pressure of future urban socioeconomic development and the carbon neutrality target, it is important to identify GHG emission reduction pathways for municipal WWTPs. Existing research on GHG emission reduction in WWTPs exhibit a notable absence of a comprehensive city-centric perspective, with insufficient consideration given to the impact of water conservation measures. We constructed a GHG emission accounting system for the municipal WWTPs employing Shanghai as a case study. Based on field surveys of typical WWTPs, we proposed GHG emission reduction pathways and future demand-technology scenarios. Our results showed that, with the robust mitigation measures, Shanghai's municipal WWTPs have the potential to curtail GHG emissions to 0.55 Mt by 2050. Notably, GHG emission reduction can be achieved through water conservation and technical improvement. Medication optimization and energy saving are significant mitigation measures for GHG emission reduction, and should be optimally considered in the future. This investigation not only establishes a forward-looking GHG emission reduction roadmap for the municipal WWTPs at the city-scale but also imparts valuable insights to urban management practices in analogous urban settings.

Sustainable Stewardship of Egypt’s Iconic Heritage Sites: Balancing Heritage Preservation, Visitors’ Well-Being, and Environmental Responsibility

While sustainability is widely recognized as necessary for managing heritage sites, balancing preservation demands with tourism development pressures presents significant challenges. A critical gap in the existing research relates to understanding the recurring issues that undermine the long-term sustainability of prominent archaeological destinations in Egypt and visitor well-being. Specifically, more research is needed to identify the specific sustainability and visitor experience problems that persist across Egypt’s major archaeological sites despite ongoing management efforts. Addressing this knowledge gap could help inform strategies for these destinations to balance conservation priorities with tourism in a more sustainable manner that enhances visitors’ cultural exploration. This study contributes a novel multisite content analysis of over 4423 online reviews from TripAdvisor pertaining to three of Egypt’s premier archaeological destinations—Giza Pyramids, Al Mu’izz Street, and Saqqara. Using established text mining methodologies and algorithms within Voyant Tools, critical challenges were identified through word frequency, concept network, and trend analyses. Recurring issues documented included uncontrolled commercialization undermining the ambiance of historic locales, environmental degradation from inadequate waste management and tourism overflows, and overcrowding compromising visitor comfort, health and safety. Deficiencies in signage, transportation, and other tourist services were also prominent themes. The holistic evaluation of cross-cutting concerns faced at the diverse yet interrelated sites advanced the theoretical knowledge on cooperative governance models and competencies necessary for integrative heritage management. The recommendations center on collaborative stakeholder partnerships to reform commercial practices through licensing and enforcement, upgrading aging infrastructure to support sustainable tourism volumes, and implementing zoning and carrying capacity policies tailored to local community contexts. The proposed solutions aim to safeguard Egypt’s irreplaceable cultural treasures by addressing recurrent problems that undermine environmental, economic and socio-cultural sustainability if left unresolved, positioning its archaeological wonders for appreciation and study by present and future generations.

What next for marine ecosystem management in Vietnam: assessment of coastal economy, climate change, and policy implication

Vietnam is a coastal country with a coastline stretching more than 3,260 km. Marine resources are important for the development of Vietnam. In Vietnamese seas, there are about 20 typical ecosystems spreading over 1 million square kilometers in the East Sea consisting of mangrove forests, coral reefs, lagoons, seagrasses in intertidal areas and estuaries, and living species in 155,000 hectares, 1,300 square kilometers, 500 square kilometers, 16,000 hectares, and 11,000 living species, respectively. At present, the impact of climate change, socio-economic development, and environmental pollution are considered as the main causes of degradation of Vietnam’s marine ecosystems. This paper presents and discusses the pressure of socio-economic activities including industry, tourism, marine transportation and services, aquaculture and fishery on marine ecosystems. In Vietnam, compared to the early 2000s a total of 12% of coral reefs, and 48% of other coral reefs are vulnerable to degradation. So far, about 100 species of marine life in Vietnam are at risk of being threatened due to over-exploitation and fishing. The seagrass-bed ecosystem is currently being degraded with only over 5,580 ha remaining. In some areas, such as Cat Ba, Ha Long, and Quang Nam, seagrass beds have almost no chance to recover naturally due to serious impacts from tourism and aquaculture activities. From the findings, orientations that aim at effective management and protection of marine ecosystems to cope with adverse impacts of anthropogenic activities, climate change, and the pressure of socioeconomic development were proposed.

Assessing the Influence of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Changes on Hydrological Response of the Timah-Tasoh Reservoir

Changing patterns in land use and land cover (LULC) is potentially due to development pressure. Due to the increase in LULC change, it alters natural ecosystems and changing the composition of the natural ecosystem services. This study provides evidence to support the hypothesis that LULC can influence both inflow and discharge. The objectives of the study were to measure the impact of LULC change on inflow of the Timah-Tasoh reservoir. The study area land cover was reclassified into five categories which included agriculture, built-up areas, forest, vacant land, and water bodies. Based on the effect of LULC on hydrological response, it is observed that the catchment is not sensitive to changes in LULC. Two mains of LULC scenarios were used including deforestation and afforestation. With an increase in CN to 89.26 (deforestation), the inflow rate increases by 2% (342.20 m3/s) compared to the present inflow rate. Meanwhile, the inflow rate will decrease to 0.21% (334.80 m3/s) if the CN value is 80.02 (afforestation). Thus, by using this study’s results, a better method and parameters compatible with another hydrological modelling can be developed for future study.

How local governments avoid floodplain development through consistent implementation of routine municipal ordinances, plans, and programs

Abstract Avoiding floodplain development is critical for limiting flood damage, yet there is little empirical evidence of how local governments effectively avoid floodplain development. We conduct a mixed-methods study to explain how local floodplain management influences floodplain development in New Jersey, a state with high development pressure and flood risk. We find that 85% of towns developed relatively little in the floodplain from 2001 to 2019, and they achieved this with commonplace land use management tools and modest levels of local government capacity. One hundred twenty-six New Jersey towns put none of their new housing in the floodplain 2001–2019. Our findings run counter to common reports of rampant floodplain development requiring legal innovation and capacity-building campaigns and suggest alternative approaches for promoting floodplain avoidance. We find multiple paths to floodplain avoidance, weak support for previously identified drivers, and strong evidence that the keys to avoidance include having a few high-quality tools that are well-implemented, requiring consistency, coordination, and commitment of local officials. The multiple paths and importance of maximum, rather than average, quality might explain the mixed evidence in prior research connecting floodplain management actions and development outcomes. A lack of attention to towns that limit floodplain development impedes our ability to learn from and disseminate their successes. Contrary to our expectations, we show that floodplain avoidance can be and is achieved through routine municipal practices. Our findings underscore the importance of sustained commitment to development management as a core tool for limiting flood risk.