Knowledge-based Development Research Articles

Incremental Knowledge-based System for Recommending Content Adaptation in Dynamic Learning Environment

Dynamic learning environment (DLE) provides an opportunity for students with a remarkable learning experience in a limited time and specific situations. In this condition, adaptation and personalization have been key issues to accommodate differences between students. Both paradigms emphasize tailoring learning activities to students’ understanding and interest through learning objectives, instructional approaches, and learning pathways. In addition, the students will learn optimized instructional activities at their own pace. This paper presents an incremental knowledge-based system to facilitate learning content adaptation in DLE. To be specific, the knowledge base contains a set of rules incrementally constructed using Ripple Down Rules (RDR) after evaluating a series of test cases. The test cases are generated automatically by analyzing the attributes that reflect the learning situation. Since it is impossible to perform thorough testing involving all input parameters, the selection criteria using pairwise testing are applied to minimize the refinement. Therefore, the evaluation of the theoretical concept is then carried out on a real case. The selected case study for the analysis is the subject of Computer Networking for an undergraduate course. Several adaptive scenarios are presented based on some criteria. An education expert is involved in recommending suitable content for adaptation during the evaluation phase. However, the knowledge base development is automatically constructed from the incremental knowledge acquisition process. As the evaluation progresses, the knowledge base is validated for its accuracy in predicting learning content recommendations.

Development of novel fashion design knowledge base by integrating conflict rule processing mechanism and its application in personalized fashion recommendations

Currently, consumers are increasing the demand for personalized fashion recommendation systems, especially in e-commerce. The success of fashion recommendation largely relies on the fashion design knowledge base, which is the modelling of the professional knowledge and experience of fashion designers. As fashion products are rather emotional and easily influenced by fashion trends, fashion design knowledge bases always involve rich fashion-style words and various garment component elements, which results in conflict rules in personalized fashion recommendations. For system users, the recommendations cannot fully meet their personalized needs. In this context, this article proposes a novel garment design knowledge base by integrating the conflict rule processing mechanism and its application to the personalized fashion recommendation system. The proposed research methodology of the processing mechanism is based on subjective evaluation and fuzzy logic. Firstly, through the subjective evaluation by an expert group, the relationship between fashion-style words and garment component elements is established. After that, the conflict categories are identified and then the relationship between conflict categories and garment component elements is established. As the experimental data obtained from the subjective evaluation are semantics, fuzzy logic is employed to quantify and model the relationships. Finally, the established processing mechanism of conflict rules is applied to establish a personalized dress recommendation system in order to validate its performance. The experimental results show that the proposed mechanism is feasible and able to enhance the success of the recommendation, which can be further applied to the recommendation of all kinds of garments and other industrial products.

Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Crop Water Footprint: A Widely Used Agricultural Water Resources Evaluation Method

As a new theme in agricultural water resources evaluation, the crop water footprint (CWF) has attracted much attention, and the number of published studies has shown rapid growth. In order to explore the research prospects of the CWF, this paper conducted a visual bibliometric analysis of its development context, hot topics and knowledge base, by using CiteSpace (version 5.6. R5, Chaomei Chen, Philadelphia, PA, USA). Up to the retrieval time, there were, in total, 838 articles based on the Web of Science core collection database. In terms of contribution, China, the Netherlands and the United States were the three most representative countries, and the University of Twente and Arjen Y. Hoekstra were the most productive institution and author, respectively. In terms of the discipline background, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Environmental Sciences and Water Resources were the three most relevant categories. Based on the co-occurrence analysis of the keywords, the hot topics of the three periods has been illustrated, and assessing the climate change impact on the water-use efficiency of crop production is the focus of the current research. The knowledge background of the CWF was elaborated by the co-citation and cluster analysis of references, which consists of four parts: concept, quantification, evaluation and reduction. Reducing the water requirement to improve crop water productivity through rainwater harvesting and formulating reasonable hydro-policies is the main responsive strategy to improve agricultural water-use efficiency. In particular, the accurate differentiation of the blue, green and gray water footprint calculation, considering multiple pollutants, the exploration of mitigation policies for the climate change impact and the combination of the CWF and traditional indicators, will be the focuses of future research in the CWF.

Frequency and characteristics of falls, fall-related injuries, and fear of falling among wheelchair users with spinal cord injury

Context/objective To investigate the frequency and characteristics of falls, fall-related injuries, and fear of falling (FOF) among non-ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods This is a cross-sectional study design that included 59 non-ambulatory individuals with SCI. Participants completed a survey on demographics, SCI characteristics (type of injury, level of injury, and time since injury), FOF, activities curtailment due to FOF, and frequency of falls and fall-related injuries in the past 6 months. Characteristics of the most recent falls and fall-related injuries were also collected. A directed content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results Overall, 63% of the study participants reported falling at least once, 46.7% reported injuries after falls, and 73% reported FOF during the previous 6 months. Participants commonly reported falling inside of the house (74.6%), during transfers (43.2%), and associated with obstacles on the way (54.5%) or surface conditions (36.4%). Almost half of the participants (42.3%) reported never received education on fall prevention from a healthcare professional. Conclusions The results confirm that falls, fall-related injuries, and FOF are a common concern in this population. These findings contribute to the knowledge base for the future development of fall prevention programs specific for non-ambulatory individuals with SCI.

Toward a (“Dissolved”) Psychology of Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Relations: A Complexity-Informed Proposal

Our world is in a state of critical transition demanding new, creative, ecosystemically fit and sustainable responses to complex challenges. We need both new types of knowledge and new modes of knowledge production. Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity have the potential to support more congruently complex forms of knowledge (differentiated, integrated, recursive, emergent, ecosystemically fit). Their success is dependent on a deeper understanding of their own organizational complexity. In this paper, I highlight key knowledge gaps and research questions for the development of a richer knowledge base to guide the intentional management and facilitation of Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinary Relations toward creative and abductive outcomes. I defend the investigation of creativity and abduction, as hallmarks of the complexity of Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity, from a process, relational and complexity-informed perspective, mobilizing contributions from Psychology. I discuss Psychology’s modes of engagement with Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity in addressing complex challenges. In this context, I introduce the notion of “dissolution” as an Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary relational process supporting the theoretical, methodological and pragmatic enrichment or transformation and increased complexity of different disciplines, bodies of knowledge or modes of knowing. Finally, I propose a new domain for research and practice: a (“Dissolved”) Psychology of Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Relations.

Understanding System Complexity in the Non-Destructive Testing of Advanced Composite Products

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a quality control measure designed to ensure the safety of products according to established variability thresholds. With the development of advanced technologies and a lack of formalised knowledge of the state-of-the-art, the National Composites Centre, Bristol, has identified that the increasing complexity of composite products will lead to some severe inspection challenges. To address the apparent knowledge gap and understand system complexity, a formulaic approach to introduce intelligence and improve the robustness of NDT operations is presented. The systemic development of a high-fidelity knowledge base (KB) involves the establishment of a capability matrix that maps material, component, and defect configuration to the capabilities and limitations of selected detection methods. Population and validation are demonstrated through the experimental testing of reference standards and evaluated against an assessment criteria. System complexity in ultrasonic testing operations focusses on capturing the inherent risks in inspection and the designation of evidence-based path plans for automation platforms. Anticipated deployment of the validated applicability data within the KB will allow for road-mapping of the inspection technique development and will provide opportunities for knowledge-based decision making. Moreover, the KB highlights the need for Design for Inspection, providing measurable data that the methodology should not be ignored.

Fuzzy Utility Matrix-Based Intelligent Decision-Making Model and Its Application to Diet Recommendation System for Metabolic Disorder Patients

In the present article an effort has been made to design and develop a diet recommendation system for Metabolic Disorders patients. The key feature of this system is to recommend a menu for dinner to maintain nutritional micros as per daily requirements.The proposed intelligent decision-making system is designed as per the following phases:Under the 1st Phase, we compute the requirement of calories as per the Patient's personal information (like sex, age, height, weight), physical activity, environmental situations, and food habits on a daily basis. Under the 2nd Phase, development of knowledge base as per Patient's foods habits information. 3rd Phase is based on designing the recommendation system for a dinner menu to maintain nutritional micros as per daily requirements. The results of the system have been validated by using the Degree of match algorithm and comments of Nutritional experts. This intelligent decision making system will help the ordinary people living in urban and rural areas, especially those not aware of the nutritional value concerned with their daily food items.

Developing strength and conditioning coaches: a case for cognitive apprenticeship

ABSTRACT Traditionally Strength and Conditioning Coaches have been prepared for their roles through the development of a strong theoretical knowledge base and demonstrating proficiency across a range of technical frameworks. Importantly, however, recent research within Strength and Conditioning (S & C) has argued for a focus on cognitive skills and processes to support the comprehensive and established bio-physical educational materials available to learners. Accordingly, an area of growing interest within S & C is how to most appropriately prepare coaches for the authentic demands of the workplace. In other professional domains, Cognitive Apprenticeship (CA) methods have been researched and adopted to enhance the effectiveness of workers. This article provides an overview of the characteristics of CA and how these pedagogical tools could be applied across different S & C learning environments. The approaches discussed, and conceptually modelled, offer a practical and feasible solution for future coach preparation methods. Such an approach would focus on developing more contextually aware and impactful coaches and improve the services provided to an organisation.

Abstract 1464: Zaniya Mark

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancers diagnosed in American men. Moreover, PCa malignancy disproportionally strikes more on African American (AA) men than any other ethnic groups including Caucasian American (CA) men. Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) is frequently mutated in hormone receptor-driven cancers including PCa. FOXA1 mutation rates in AA PCa specimens are 3-fold higher than that in CA PCa. By annotating the FOXA1 mutation landscape two hotspots were defined in AA PCa patients located in the forkhead domain: D226N and R219C. FOXA1 expression and functions are regulated by lysine [K]-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B). KDM5B contributes to the activation of signaling pathways that promote cancer progression. Here in this project, we will focus on the mechanistic role of FOXA1 dysregulation and its interaction with KDM5B and AR on PCa progression in AA vs CA PCa cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that the dysregulation of FOXA1 plays an essential role in the progression of PCa by altering chromatin remodeling and AR interaction, and FOXA1 mutation promotes more aggressive malignancies in AA PCa cells. In order to investigate the biological function and regulation of FOXA1 in PCa cells we first need to knockout (KO) the endogenous expression using CRISPR technology and then knockin (KI) the unique mutants R219C and D226N. These in vitro studies of FOXA1 mutations found in AA PCa will be critical to determine the biological functions of these mutants for PCa progression. The findings from this study will provide valuable insights into the contributions of the FOXA1 regulation and will add to our knowledge base for the potential development of a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce PCa disparities between AA and CA populations. This project was supported, in part, by MVTCP Cancer Partnership Grant U54 CA163069. Citation Format: Zaniya A. Mark, Guoliang Li, Robert Matusik, Zhenbang Chen. Zaniya Mark [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1464.

The ecosystem of knowledge-based development” and employment of higher education graduates

The ecosystem of knowledge-based development” and employment of higher education graduates

Developing STEM Teachers’ Cultural Competence through an Urban Teaching Curriculum: A Cultural Border Crossing Experience

ABSTRACT Many studies have argued the need for culturally competent teachers in the classroom as learners’ demography shifts toward more diversity. The teaching workforce remains predominantly unchanged, with more White teachers than other races or ethnic groups. Many teacher preparation programs use multicultural education or equity and diversity courses that focus on current issues and perspective; however, few use curriculums that focus on urban teaching or integrate an immersive experience to enhance their preservice teachers’ cultural competency. This paper highlights an urban teaching curriculum that uses a holistic praxis of formal—theory-based and informal—practice-based immersive learning experience to prepare preservice teachers for diversified urban classrooms. The study examined the impact of the curriculum on preservice teachers’ development of cultural knowledge base leading to cultural competency. This well-crafted praxis offer rich and authentic learning experiences resulting in the positive transformation of the preservice teacher’s beliefs, dispositions, and self-efficacy to be culturally aware and responsive. The findings indicate that cultural isolation and deficit perspectives contributed to the participants’ lack of cultural knowledge. However, the immersive experience presented through the curriculum provided the preservice teachers’ access to authentic informal learning that transformed their worldviews and enhanced their self-efficacy to teach in urban high-need settings.

Intelligence capital: The management of knowledge assets and development of adaptive capacities in the city of Arequipa

Purpose: The objective of this research is to measure the intelligence components and capabilities in the city of Arequipa, based on the Integral Intelligence Model (Olavarrieta and Carrillo, 2009). This model articulates the notion of Intelligence Capital, which allows components and capabilities to be developed in agents, thus promoting adaptation, knowledge management and quick responses in the optimal decision making by these agents. Design/methodology: The Integral Intelligence Model proposed by Carrillo and Olavarrieta (2009) was taken as a basis, analyzing each of its components and capabilities in relevant agents or organizations in the City of Arequipa. This work identifies how the maturity level of these capabilities makes the operationalization of the Intelligence Capital (IC) possible. The information was obtained through direct interviews with decision-making agents of the institutions in the City of Arequipa (governors and top management of companies in the city), as well as from reports and secondary sources. Findings: This research lays a solid foundation for the proper articulation of the IC as a fundamental element of Knowledge-Based Development (KBD). The results highlight the importance of fine-tuning internal processes for this type of development, the trade-off between the speed of response and good design, execution, development and evaluation of processes and the need to develop intelligence components in organizations, in order to operationalize IC and generate value. Limitations: The study focuses on the first semester of 2020 in the City of Arequipa, a period characterized by the uncertainty and environmental risk caused by COVID-19. Practical implications: The research reveals that in the City of Arequipa, there are potential intelligence capabilities or components that are consolidated in the design, planning, execution and evaluation of internal and external processes in institutions and organizations. However, the development of these capabilities is diminished by flaws in the identification and processing of information, resulting in only moderately agile responses. Social implications: This research provides evidence that in the KBD model, social agents play a fundamental role in decision-making, as they are the ones who identify and interpret significant events in the environment. This, in turn, allows effective, positive and adaptive responses to be issued that guide and drive the organizations. Originality/value: This study presents a methodology that can be replicated in other cities, and which makes it possible to identify the intelligence capabilities of agents or organizations, in this case of a city.

Development and Utility of a Novel Intergenerational Health Knowledgebase

ObjectiveOur long‐term goal is the development of a clinically‐relevant, validated enterprise data warehouse for research. The Intergenerational Health Knowledgebase (IHK) will advance and accelerate the study of the developmental origins of adult disease. We sought to harmonize data from the electronic health record (EHR) and external data sources and efficiently synthesize key variables from pregnancy and early life in the IHK. The objective was to make the IHK be efficient, effective, flexible and able to integrate with participation information for on‐campus biobanks.MethodsThe development of the IHK is an iterative process involving multiple steps: 1) clinical data team (CDT) members identify and locate clinically significant distinct clinical variables in the front‐facing EHR pertaining to obstetrics and pediatrics. 2) The Biomedical Informatics group in the Institute for Clinical and Translational Science (ICTS‐BMI) group locates these variables in the transactional database of the EHR. 3) The CDT members validate the extracted variables. Extracted data is compared with expected outcomes from the EHR. Inconsistencies are reviewed by the CDT and ICTS‐BMI group to pinpoint potential causes. 4) With confirmed data variables, ICTS‐BMI develops novel data tables and user‐friendly SQL queries. The resultant OBstetrics Data Integration Architecture structure integrates multiple data sources within the institution which includes, but is not limited to, imaging data, diagnoses, vital sign information, medications, medication administration, and procedures for the maternal‐fetal dyad. Powering this architecture is a common semantic layer that uses established standardized vocabularies and value sets. This includes storing patient demographic data, patient diagnoses using ICD9‐10 codes, storing laboratory results using LOINC codes, and problems using ICD9‐10/SNOMED‐CT codes. In our EHR, all data is joined using pregnancy episode identification numbers linking maternal and neonatal data under a singular pregnancy instance. ICTS‐BMI developed a secure web‐based Knowledgebase viewer for performing queries of the IHK without expert SQL knowledge.ResultsThe IHK contains indexed maternal and child data. The IHK is frequently updated to contain every pregnancy cared for at the University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics (UIHC) (currently 62,000+ pregnancies). Because of our team’s complementary expertise, they were able to anticipate needed information, identify and validate key variables in the EMR, and plan pre‐defined queries. As a result, we have quickly provided data for studies ranging from the effects of maternal environmental exposures, the role of patient distance to the hospital in pregnancy outcomes, medication use during pregnancy, and the association of depression with adverse outcomes.ConclusionThe development of the novel IHK has facilitated pregnancy‐related research and identified new targets for improving maternal health and following long‐term health outcomes of parents and children. Further, integration of the IHK with the UIHC Women’s Health Tissue Repository facilitates using biological specimens for research.

Putting the pieces together: Cognitive correlates of self-derivation of new knowledge in elementary school classrooms

A central goal of development and formal education is to build a knowledge base. Accumulating knowledge relies, in part, on self-derivation of new semantic knowledge via integration of separate yet related learning episodes. Previous tests of self-derivation evidence both age-related and significant individual variability in self-derivation performance in the laboratory and the classroom due in part to individual differences in verbal comprehension (children and adults) and working memory (adults only). In the only extant investigation of cognitive correlates of children’s successful self-derivation in the classroom, 3rd graders’ verbal comprehension predicted self-derivation, whereas working memory did not. In the current research, we expanded the battery of cognitive correlates investigated, the age range of participants (8–11 years), and the sample size (N = 330) to examine candidate sources of variability in self-derivation. More specifically, in a diverse sample, we measured children’s auditory and spatial working memory, inhibitory control, metacognitive awareness, verbal comprehension, and metacognitive judgments at test for self-derivation. Metacognition was of particular interest in the current research because little is currently known about how children’s understanding of their cognition, at the trait or item-specific level, may affect their derivation of new knowledge. Only verbal comprehension and metacognitive knowledge predicted children’s self-derivation performance; children’s metacognitive judgments at the time of testing for self-derivation were not related to their performance. These findings suggest that having both semantic knowledge and knowledge of one’s self as a learner, as well as knowing how to use one’s knowledge, support further knowledge base development.

Knowledge base development for assembly planning using evidence theory.

Knowledge base development for assembly planning using evidence theory.

Topological methods for analysis and design of coordination polymers

A comprehensive review of the methods for topological analysis of crystalline compounds as applied to the structures of coordination polymers is presented for the first time. The basic concepts of reticular chemistry, a new branch of science, which combines methods of synthetic chemistry with methods for topological design of polymer compounds, are considered. Reticular chemistry methods are illustrated with examples of the analysis and design of coordination polymers. The most complete classification of coordination polymers, which are similar in terms of various compositional and topological parameters, is given. This review describes and integrates information on the topological analysis tools, such as computer software and electronic databases. A special attention is paid to the application of topological methods in the machine analysis and the prediction of structures and properties of coordination polymers, in particular to the establishment of chemical composition–structure–property relationships and the development of knowledge bases and artificial intelligence systems. A procedure for the search for the general crystal-chemical features using automatic heuristic analysis of large sets of structural data is discussed. It is shown how this analysis can be used to determine the limits of applicability of reticular chemistry and the possibility of its extension to coordination polymers containing structurally, chemically and topologically complex building units with high conformational flexibility. Approaches of reticular chemistry are considered in detail in relation to the design of proton-conductive coordination polymers, which have received considerable attention in the past decade. The specific features of the topological structures of this class of compounds are described in a systematic way. The relationships between the chemical composition, structure and conductive properties of these compounds and the applicability of targeted design are discussed.<br> The bibliography includes 303 references.

FORMATION OF PRIORITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL IN THE CONDITIONS OF ESTABLISHING A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY

Abstract. Ukrainian economic development innovative model formation is accompanied by the scientific and technological developments, and high breakthrough nature technologies introduction. These circumstances objectively set Ukraine the task for interaction strengthening of higher education, science and innovation, intellectual potential effective use as the main driver of socio-economic growth. The article substantiates the strategic priorities for Ukrainian intellectual potential development in the formation of knowledge-based economy social transformation conditions. A new essence understanding of the category «intellectual potential of society» is proposed. In the knowledge-based economy paradigm, the main social goal is human and his labor and intellectual development. The priority place of man in the system of modern socio-economic development is substantiated and its triune role as a source of national wealth, its part and purpose of social development is proved. Global and national challenges for Ukraine in the context of preventing degradation and destruction of existing intellectual potential are described. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the national intellect as the most valuable humanity capital, as well as knowledge becomes the main driver of value creation. It is proved that Ukrainian intellectual potential development can be ensured by competitive education, leading science, innovative technologies and spiritual culture. In our opinion, the state policy of intellectual potential development and use in Ukraine as a component of the national policy should be relevant. A set of measures to activate the intellectual potential use is identified. The practical recommendations implementation makes it possible to modify the conceptual basis for proving the imperative characteristics of intellectual potential as a strategic resource for the society development in the context of global political and economic challenges.Identifying priority areas and understanding their impact on the processes of intellectual potential development and effective use, the formation of values in society, will contribute to the formation of a knowledge-based economy. Keywords: knowledge-based economy, intellectual potential, social and economic development, scientific and technological development, highly intelligent society. JEL Classіfіcatіon D83, I25, M53, P46, Z1 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 22.

A comparative knowledge base development for cancerous cell detection based on deep learning and fuzzy computer vision approach

A comparative knowledge base development for cancerous cell detection based on deep learning and fuzzy computer vision approach

Decision-making Improvement in Dynamic Environments Using Machine Learning

The proliferation of ubiquitous computing with smartphones makes context models and information extremely rich and dynamic on account of highly dynamic environments. However, defining rules at design time may impair their efficiency and the decision-making process at runtime. Therefore, it is important to address decision-making problems leveraged by dynamic environments and context-model evolution. In this sense, a solution that could emerge is the continuous rule knowledge base evolution at runtime. In this paper, we propose a decision adaptation component that relies on generating new rules due to changes occurring around users at runtime. This component aims to support decision-making in dynamic environments and to alleviate the human effort needed to infer new rules. A case study was conducted to illustrate the implementation of the proposed component for the rule knowledge database enrichment and the decision-making improvement. Moreover, an experimental evaluation is provided to assess the effectiveness of the proposed component. The results show that this component exhibits better effectiveness than other well-known algorithms and state-of-the-art approaches. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-01-04 Full Text: PDF

The role of universities in the development of the local knowledge base: supporting innovation ecosystems through skills development and entrepreneurship

The role of universities in the development of the local knowledge base: supporting innovation ecosystems through skills development and entrepreneurship