Post transplantation diabetes mellitus may severely impact both short- and long-term outcomes of kidney transplant recipients but too often goes undiagnosed, is underestimated or poorly managed. This is a descriptive study including 39 renal transplant recipients diagnosed with Post Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM) in the department of nephrology of Sahloul, Sousse. PTDM was considered as patients developing diabetes mellitus (FBS > 126 mg/dl, PPBS > 200 mg/dl and HbA1c > 6.5) after transplant. Our study included 39 cases of PTDM diagnosed during a systematic biological assessment. 43.5% developed PTDM in the first 45 days after transplantation. PTDM was treated with insulin in 17.9% of cases, oral ant diabetics in 48.6% of cases, and a combination of both in 20.5% of cases. Antidiabetic treatment was glimiperide in 15.4%, metformine in 10.2 %, and repaglinide in 7.7 % of cases. In addition to pharmacologic therapy, the adjustment of immunosuppression therapy was considered. In fact, the glucocorticoid doses were decreased from 20 mg/ day to 8.82 mg/day. Likewise, the average dose of tacrolimus was reduced from 12 to 10 mg/day and the average dose of cyclosporine from 325mg to 233 mg/day with improved carbohydrate tolerance in 15.4 % of patients. Preventing and treating PTDM is pivotal to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve survival after transplantation.