Determination Of Xanthates Research Articles

Determination of xanthates as Cu(II) complexes by high-performance liquid chromatography - Inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry.

The present study provides a novel, selective analysis method for the determination of low xanthate concentrations. The rising concern over the environmental effects of xanthates demands the development of analysis methods which this study answers. Complex formation in aqueous solution between xanthates and an excess of Co(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions was utilized to selectively determine xanthates by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry for the first time. The complexes that were formed were extracted to ethyl acetate using liquid-liquid extraction and separated by high-performance liquid chromatography technique before the quantitative determination of metal ions and sulfur in the xanthate complexes. Good separation and high measurement sensitivity were achieved using Cu(II) as the complex metal ion. The analysis method was optimized for the determination of sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium isobutyl xanthate with detection limits of 24.7 and 13.3μg/L, respectively. With a linear calibration range of 0.1-15mg/L and a total analysis time of 4-5min, the present method is a fast and sensitive option for selective xanthate determination.

Determination of Xanthates, Dithiocarbamates, and Some Fungicides by Titration with Electrogenerated Iodine in Anhydrous Acetonitrile

Abstract Xanthates, dithiocarbamates, and the fungicides maneb and zineb were determined by titration with electrogenerated iodine in anhydrous acetonitrile. The electrolyte was potassium iodide. The generating electrode was a platinum spiral (2.5 cm diameter, 2 mm cross section). The enclosed cell compartment was continuously flushed with dry nitrogen, and sample solutions (0.20-0.40 mL) were introduced by syringe. With the aid of 2 platinum electrodes, the end point was indicated amperometrically. Ten minutes was required for each determination. The compounds were determined at ≥5 μequiv. with relative errors of 0.21-9%. Precision is 0.60-5.7%. Thiourea, sulfur, and urea did not interfere, but thioacetamide did. Solutions of maneb and zineb in dimethyl sulfoxide are stable enough that μequiv. amounts of each compound can be determined with a relative error of 7% or less.

Determination of Xanthates by Reaction With 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulphenyl Chloride

Determination of Xanthates by Reaction With 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulphenyl Chloride

Determination of xanthates with o-iodosobenzoate or tetrathionate and of thiols with bromine chloride

Determination of xanthates with o-iodosobenzoate or tetrathionate and of thiols with bromine chloride

Identification and determination of xanthate, dixanthogen and sulfur xanthate by fast-sweep differential pulse polarography, a.c. polarography and cyclic voltammetry

The chemical reactions occurring in the treatment of sulfide ores by flotation are still a matter of controversy when xanthates (I) are used as collectors. Either the metal xanthate and/or dixanthogen (II) or sulfur xanthates (III) could provide the required hydrophobicity for successful selective flotation. Because of the present difficulties in distinguishing between the various xanthate species by physical measurements, and electrochemical investigation in acetone was undertaken to see if rapid and reliable analytical methods could be developed for the simultaneous identification and determination of (I), (II), and (III). At platinum electrodes, (I), (II), and (III) give characteristic voltammetric waves at well separated potentials and cyclic voltammetry provides a simple means for their identification. At mercury electrodes all species give polarographic waves: (I) gives two extremely well defined oxidation waves with the one at more positive potentials being well removed from the waves for (II) and (III). The determination of (I) by fast-sweep differential pulse polarography is therefore possible over the concentration range lO -6–10 -2 M. (II) and (III) show less suitable d.c. polarographic behaviour and their reduction processes are complicated by adsorption. However, under a.c. polarographic conditions, (III) gives a well defined wave enabling its determination down to 10 -6 M. For (II), no wave was found at mercury electrodes at potentials separated from the waves arising from (I) and (III). The determination of (II) can therefore only be undertaken over the concentration range 10 -4–10 -2 M at platinum electrodes.

Non-aqueous redox titrations with iodine and iodine halides. Determination of xanthates and dithiocarbamates

Iodine and iodine halides (monobromide, monochloride and trichloride) solutions in acetonitrile have been used as oxidimetric reagents for the visual and potentiometric determination of alkali metal salts of xanthic and dithiocarbamic acids also dissolved in acetonitrile. The methods are simple, accurate, rapid and widely applicable.

Redox Reactions in Non-Aqueous Media : Determination of Xanthates and Dithiocarbamates with N-Bromosuccinimide

Redox Reactions in Non-Aqueous Media : Determination of Xanthates and Dithiocarbamates with N-Bromosuccinimide

Titrimetric determination of xanthates with ICN and BrCN

Methyl, ethyl,iso-propyl, allyl,n-butyl,t-butyl,iso-amyl, cyclohexyl and benzyl xanthates of potassium have been determined by titrating with iodine and bromine cyanides in aqueous medium at pH 5.0–5.4 and in acetonitrile, ethanol, 1 ∶ 1 ethanol-carbon tetrachloride mixture and ethyl acetate media visually and/or potentiometrically. The xanthates react in the molar ratio 2 ∶ 1 with these oxidants and are oxidised to dixanthogen. The potentiometric titrations of BrCN with xanthates, unlike with other reductants, are possible in aqueous medium even in absence of iodide which has to be added in visual titrations because of a lack of some specific indicator. The titrations are rapid, simple, accurate and reversible and as little as 1 mg can be determined in aqueous or acetonitrile medium.

Microdetermination of Xanthates

A rapid, convenient and accurate method for the determination of xanthates has been developed. N-bromosuccinimide has been used to displace iodine from potassium iodide which in turn oxidizes xanthate to dixanthogen. The pH 4 is optimum for the determination. The maximum relative standard deviation is 6% in the case of ethyl potassium xanthate when a 0.5 mg sample was taken.

Determination of carbon disulphide by chloramine-T

Carbon disulphide, on treatment with alcoholic potash, can readily be oxidised quantitatively by chloramine-T, converting all the sulphur to sulphuric acid. Fourteen equivalents of the oxidant are consumed for every mole of carbon disulphide. Since excess of chloramine-T may be determined iodimetrically, this reaction may be used for the determination of carbon disulphide. It may also be applied to the determination of xanthates.