Determination Of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Research Articles

A combination of vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction with fluorescence detection: An innovative approach for a green and highly sensitive determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate in water samples and pharmaceuticals

A new green, highly sensitive, and selective method based on a combination of vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction with fluorescence detection (VALLME-FLD) was developed for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The method is based on the reaction of SDS with the fluorophore 3,3′-diethyloxadicarbocyanine iodide (DODC) at pH 3, followed by VALLME of the formed ion associate (IA) into a microvolume of the organic phase (n-amyl acetate). Fluorescence measurements were made at 668 nm, with excitation at 635 nm. During the optimization, the influence of various chemical and physical factors on the relative fluorescence intensity was studied. The linearity of the calibration curve was observed in two concentration ranges of SDS, from 0.30 to 3.0 µg L-1, R2 = 0.9980 (microextraction into 70 µL n-amyl acetate), and 3.0 to 14.0 µg L-1, R2 = 0.9960 (microextraction into 500 µL n-amyl acetate). The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.10 µg L-1 and 0.90 µg L-1, respectively. The accuracy and precision of the proposed method were verified during two consecutive days with a relative standard derivation of 2.2–4.9 % and recovery of 93.3–106.7 %. The system showed high selectivity towards SDS in the presence of at least 200-times higher concentrations of NO3–; 500-times higher concentrations of F-, Br-, HPO42-, and Fe2+, and 1000-times higher concentrations of CO32–, SO42-, Cl-, Mg2+, and Ca2+. The method was developed and applied to the determination of SDS/anionic surfactants in real water samples and pharmaceutical tablets.

Whole-cell electric sensor for determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Linear alkyl sulfates are a major class of surfactants that have large-scale industrial application and thus wide environmental release. These organic pollutants threaten aquatic environments and other environmental compartments. We show the promise of the use of a whole-cell electric sensor in the analysis of low or residual concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solutions. On the basis of bioinformatic analysis and alkylsulfatase activity determinations, we chose the gram-negative bacterium Herbaspirillum lusitanum, strain P6–12, as the sensing element. Strain P6–12 could utilize 0.01–400 mg/L of SDS as a growth substrate. The electric polarizability of cell suspensions changed at all frequencies used (50–3000 kHz). The determination limit of 0.01 mg/L is much lower than the official requirements for the content of SDS in potable and process water (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively), and the analysis takes about 1–5 min. The promise of H. lusitanum P6–12 for use in the remediation of SDS-polluted soils is discussed.Graphical abstract

Qualitative and quantitative methods detection of SDS based on polyelectrolyte microcapsules

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is the most widely used anionic surfactant. Its frequent use causes environmental pollution and negative effects on living organisms (even at low concentrations ≈ 20 μg/ml). Thus, cheap and fast methods are needed to detect this surfactant in wastewater and surface waters in order to prevent the negative effects of SDS on the environment and human beings. We discovered that sodium dodecyl sulfate is capable of destroying polyelectrolyte microcapsules, which has been demonstrated by the number of sedimented polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PMC) before and after incubation in SDS solution. Therefore, it was proposed to use PMCs to create qualitative and quantitative diagnostic systems for the determination of SDS in solution. The qualitative system is a polyelectrolyte microcapsules containing polyallylamine labeled with a fluorescent dye—FITC. An excess SDS concentration of more than 5 μg/ml in the analyzed medium leads to the destruction of PMC and an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the solution, which is recorded by a fluorometer. The quantitative diagnostic system is based on turbidimetry of the PMC suspension before and after incubation in an anionic surfactant solution. This system has a range of detectable SDS concentrations from 10 to 50 μg/ml, with a standard deviation of no more than 11%.

Charge, hydrophobic and spatial matching in the association of fluorescent reagents with ionic surfactants in aqueous solutions

The influence of charge, hydrophobicity, and spatial characteristics on the analytical signal of cationic and anionic surfactants in their association with fluorescent reagents in aqueous solutions is studied. The increase in the analytical signal of the surfactant and the shift in the position of the fluorescence wavelengths maximum with increasing contribution of the role of electrostatic interactions between the reagent particle and the ionic surfactant have been shown. The presence of extrema under conditions of hydrophobic matching in the study of the effect of hydrophobicity of the reagent and ionic surfactants on the surfactant analytical signal has been shown. The manifestation of the spatial matching between the interacting particles in the study of the influence of the spatial characteristics of the reagents and surfactants has also been shown. The influence of colloidal aggregation of associates formed in the reagent-surfactant system on the value of measurement of the analytical signal of the ionic surfactants in the methods of fluorescence and spectrophotometry has been investigated. The obtained effects made it possible to design an analytical system for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate with a fluorescent reagent.

Influence factors on the critical micelle concentration determination using pyrene as a probe and a simple method of preparing samples.

The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is an important parameter of widely used surfactants and needs to be measured in the application and development of surfactants. Fluorometric method is a widely used method determining CMC values owing to the advantages of highly sensitivity, fast response and wide application range. There are two common methods (I and II) of preparing samples for CMC fluorometric determination. In the process of developing CMC probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, we found that methods I and II were not suitable for CMC probes with AIE charateristics and developed a new sample preparation method (III), which is not only suitable for CMC probes with AIE characteristic but also decreases operation procedures and errors owing to omitting the addition of micro amount of dyes into each sample. To ascertain if method III is also suitable for other CMC probes without AIE characteristics, the CMC values of surfactants were determined by fluorometric method using widely used pyrene without AIE charateristic as probe and methods I–III to prepare samples. The obtained experimental results proved that method III not only was suitable for preparation of samples for CMC determination of surfactants using pyrene as probe but also led to the least average deviation (methods I–III led to ±0.13, ±0.34 and ±0.05 mM deviation for the CMC determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), respectively). The CMC determination using pyrene as probe is based on its change in the ratio (IFIII/IFI) of its emission peaks I and III with surfactant concentration. Unexpectedly, it was found that the IFIII/IFI value of pyrene in surfactant solutions is sensitive to the measurement conditions changing exciting light energy, such as slit widths and sample-measured number. In addition, it was found that surfactant SDS or cetrimonium bromide from different suppliers not only has significantly different CMC values but also leads to very different IFIII/IFI values of pyrene in a certain concentration of surfactant, which can be used as a simple method to distinguish the same surfactant with different CMC values.

A green microextraction method for determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate in washing liquid samples based on continuous sample drop flow-based microextraction

A novel and improved version of continuous-flow microextraction known as continuous sample drop flow-based microextraction has been utilized for the first time in extraction and preconcentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) from detergent samples prior to spectrophotometric determination. In this paper, some effective parameters for determination of SDS, such as the needle diameter, flow rate, concentration of the methylene blue and pH, were optimized. Under optimized conditions, a good linearity for SDS was obtained in the range of 30–400 ng mL−1 with R2 = 0.999. A practical detection limit of 8.2 ng mL−1 was calculated according to a signal-to-noise ratio of three. The enrichment factor of the method was 122.2. The method was employed for determination of total anionic surfactants in shampoo, hand washing liquid and clothes washing liquid. Satisfactory recoveries in the range of 97.9–100.8% for real samples confirmed the good accuracy and applicability of the present method. Afterward, the samples were analyzed by standard method as well and there was no any difference between the standard and the proposed method.

Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate by Means of Photometric Titration with o‐Toluidine Blue Dye

AbstractA convenient technique for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate is titration with a metachromatic dye using in situ absorbance measurements. A suitable color reagent is ortho‐Toluidine Blue dye. Commercially available immersion optical probe Optrode® possesses a working wavelength of 640 nm, well matching the dye spectrum. The surfactant concentration is linearly related to the titrant volume at a certain solution absorbance. Optimal values of end point absorbance fall in the range from 0.7 to 2. The lower limit of quantitation is equal to 29 mg L−1. The highest concentration determined in this study was 52 g L−1. The required determination range may be adjusted by the appropriate selection of analyte volume and titrant concentration. The developed method is intended for routine process control in the surfactant industry. This method needs minimal manual efforts due to the lack of the dilution stage. Application of an automatic titrator looks to be a suitable solution for any industrial lab.

High selectivity for sodium dodecyl sulphate by polymer nanoparticles and detection of proteins based on the polymer nanoparticles-sodium dodecyl sulphate system

A fluorescence assay for the sensitive determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) based on polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) prepared by polyethyleneimine (PEI) and ascorbic acid (AA) is developed. SDS reacts with PNPs to form amide by aminolysis ester reaction, resulting in a strong fluorescence enhancement of PNPs. Notably, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSO) cannot interact with PNPs, so this way exhibits a special selectivity to SDS in the presence of SDBS and SDSO. Under the optimum conditions, this fluorescent nanosensor shows the linear range of SDS from 0.144 to 2.016μgmL−1 and the limit of detection is 0.051μgmL−1. Besides, on the basis of the reaction between SDS and proteins, the fluorescence of PNPs-SDS system quenches in the presence of biologically-relevant levels of myoglobin and thrombin, and displays good sensitivity and selectivity.

Sorption-photometric determination of sodium dodecylsulfate with methylene blue on polyurethane preliminary treated by organic solvent

The paper has investigated the possibility of using preliminary treatment of polyurethane tablets by organic solvents for determination of anionic SAS. A technique has been developed of their sorption-photometric determination in waters with a detection limit 0.004–0.144 mg/dm3 depending on the wave length.

Planar potentiometric sensors based on carbon materials for determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate

The main electroanalytical characteristics of potentiometric planar sensors made by screen printing are determined in solutions of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The effect of the current lead material, composition of carbon ink (carbon type and concentration, plastifier, solvent, electroactive compound) on the analytical signal of planar sensors in SDS solutions are studied; the optimum conditions of their operations are found.

A combination of microextraction separation, preconcentration, and spectrophotometric detection for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate with quinaldine red

The optimal conditions for the microextraction separation, preconcentration, and spectrophotometric determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an ion associate with quinaldine red are determined. The best extractants were found to be the mixtures of CCl4 with dichloroethane or chloroform; they ensure a 10- to 50-fold preconcentration of SDS from an aqueous medium into an organic microextract. We used cuvettes of special design to measure the absorbance of microextracts. A procedure for the extraction-spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants with the detection limit for SDS of 0.04 μg/mL is developed. The procedure was tested using wastewater samples.

Мікроекстракційне розділення, концентрування і спектрофотометричне визначення додецилсульфату натрію у вигляді іонного асоціату з хінальдиновим червоним

The optimal conditions for the microextraction separation, preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an its ion associate (IA) with Quinaldine Red (QR) have been studied. Was tested a large number of organic solvents as extractants. Aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane) extracted IA considerably weaker than, halogen and nitro derivatives of hydrocarbons (chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, nitrobenzene, chloroform, dichloroethane), extracted with IA and the simple salt of the dye. The best solvent found for the extraction of SDS was mixture of carbon tetrachloride with dichloroethane or chloroform that provided 10 to 50 fold concentration of SDS by microvolume of organic phase. The maximum extraction of SDS was achieved in the concentration range of QR 1.0∙10 –4 mol/l of QR after which the optical density does not change practically (excess dye remains in the aqueous phase). The dye of QR is highly stable in an alkaline environment, it can be used for the extraction of SDS in a wide pH range and rely on high selectivity determination. The pH range for maximum extraction of ion associate was 4–12. We found that 50000–100000-fold amounts F – , Cl – , Br – , NO 2 – , HCO 3 – , CH 3 COO – , SO 4 2– , 10000–20000-fold amounts NO 3 – , I – , HPO 4 2– , B 4 O 7 2– , IO 3 – , ClO 3 – , C 2 O 4 2– , 300-fold amounts ClO 4 – do not interfere with the determination of SDS. The molar ratio of SDS and QR determined by various spectrophotometric methods (isomolar series, Asmus, equilibrium shift) is 1:1. The limit of detection was 0.04 µg/ml. A new method of extraction-spectrophotometric determination was applied to the determination of anionic surfactants in various wastewater samples.

An Experimental Examination of Adsorption Phenomenon in Foamassisted Water Alternative Gas: The Effect of Injection Rate

The main factor affecting the economics of foam-ass isted water alternative gas (FAWAG) process is the loss of foaming agent by adsorption onto reserv oir rocks. In this study, the effects of phases, surfactant concentration, salinity, adsorbents, and sacrificial agent on adsorption density were investigated by special adsorption experiments. Mor eover, a series of FAWAG tests were performed to examine the effect of injection rates on final a dsorption density and adsorption variation during t he test. A clean and fast spectrophotometric method wa s used for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration based on the formation of an ion-pair, SDS-Safranin O. Higher SDS adsorption was observed at the first cycle of FAWAG flooding. FAWAG injection rate had no noticeable effect on the adsorption density. Howeve r, using high injection rate decreased the possibility that gas faces surfactant, and thereby reducing the ultimate oil recovery. The presence of CLS increases the ultimate oil recovery slightly, w hile it decreases the adsorption density of SDS by

Sorption-photometric method for determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate with methylene blue in the presence of non-ionic surfactant

The extraction of sodium dodecyl sulfate with methylene blue by polyurethane foam in the presence and absence of non-ionic surfactant additives was investigated using diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry method. The sorption-photometric method for determining sodium dodecyl sulfate in water of various types was developed. The linearity of calibration curve with the test sample volume being 25 cm3 was kept within the range of 0.04–6.0 mg/dm3.

Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Toothpastes by a PVC Matrix Membrane Sensor

AbstractThe construction and characteristic performance of a new potentiometric PVC membrane sensor responsive for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are described. The sensor is based on the use of cetyltrimethylammonium‐tetraphenylborate (CTA‐TPB) ion‐pair complex as electroactive material in PVC matrix in presence of dioctyl phthalate as a solvent mediator. The sensor exhibits a rapid, stable and near‐Nernstian response for SDS over the concentration range of 5 × 10−3–5 × 10−6 mol dm−3 at 25 ± 2 °C and the pH range 4–8.5 with slope of 59.6 mV/decade change in SDS concentration. The lower detection limit is 5 × 10−6 mol dm−3 and the response time is 45 s. The determination of selectivity coefficients for different anions shows there is no interference except that of dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS−) ion which has a strong interference. The results obtained in the determination of SDS in toothpastes, using this sensor as an indicator electrode, were compared with those obtained from the spectrophotometric method using methylene blue as the reagent.

Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and Biosurfactants Sorption and Transport Parameters in Clayey Soil

AbstractIn this study, sorption and the transport mechanism of surfactants in clayey soil was examined. The adsorption and desorption isotherms for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and biosurfactant (UH‐biosurfactant) with sand and kaolinite were quantified. Kaolinite clay had the highest sorption capacity compared to blasting sand. Miscible displacement breakthrough experiments were done in order to determine the transport parameters. Transport parameters such as the dispersion coefficient (D) and the retardation factor (R) of the above‐mentioned surfactant solutions were determined in clayey soils [sand (82.5 %) and kaolinite (17.5 %) mixture] with and without ionic strength. In this study 0.1 g/L NaCl was used as the electrolyte solution. A two‐region transport convective–diffusive model was used to model the breakthrough curves of the surfactants. This model resulted in excellent descriptions of the data. Bromide ions were chosen as the tracer material in order to characterize the column. Perchloroethylene (PCE) is used in various kinds of industrial and commercial applications. SDS and UH‐biosurfactant were used to flush the PCE contaminated soil. UH‐biosurfactant solubilized more PCE compared to that of SDS in contaminated soils.

Determination of SDS Using Fluorescent <i>γ</i>-Cyclodextrin Based on TICT in Aqueous Solution

Fluorescent γ-cyclodextrin derivatives, modified using N-phenyl-x-anthracenecarboxamido (ACs; x = 9, 1), were synthesized and investigated using fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy. Fluorescence enhancements of ACs were observed up to 12-fold by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) below the critical micellar concentration (CMC). In the presence of a nonionic surfactant, such as Triton X-100, fluorescence spectra were scarcely changed. The fluorescence selectivity between SDS and Triton X-100 was clarified from the different spectral behaviors by circular dichroism and (1)H NMR spectroscopies.

Reliable Technique for the Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate by Crystal Violet in Relation to the Effluents of Durg‐Bhilai Region

AbstractA simple spectrophotometric method applicable to waste water bodies is developed for the determination of anionic surfactant (AS). An ion‐association complex is formed between an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and a cationic dye Crystal Violet (CV). The dark blue colored complex can be easily extracted in organic solvent benzene. The absorbance of the complex in benzene layer is measured spectrophotometrically at maximum wave length (λ max) of 565 nm. Under the optimal experimental conditions, absorbance of the organic extractant obeyed Beer's law over the range of 0.75–10.00 μg mL−1 of SDS and the LOD was 0.01312 μg L−1. It is noticed that the present method is much easier, less time consuming and applicable to accelerated urbanization and industrial development found in newly formed Chhattisgarh state in Central India.The validity of the method was tested in regionalized industrial and domestic waste water runoff.

Sensitive and Selective Spectrophotometric and a new Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Nonaqueous Solution after its Extraction Using Toluidine Blue

Sensitive and Selective Spectrophotometric and a new Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Nonaqueous Solution after its Extraction Using Toluidine Blue

PVC matrix membrane sensor for potentiometric determination of dodecylsulfate

The construction and performance characteristics of a new potentiometric PVC membrane sensor for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are described. The sensor was based on the use of an N-cetyl-N,N,N trimethyl ammonium (CTA) dodecyl sulfate (DS) ion pair as ion exchange sites in PVC matrix in the presence of o-nitrophenyl octylether as plasticiser. The sensor exhibited a fast, stable, and near-Nernstian response for SDS over the concentration range of 1 × 10−3 to 10−6 M at 25°C and the pH range 4–8.5 with anionic slope of 52.5 ± 0.5 mV decade−1. The lower detection limit was 3 × 10−6 M, and the response time was 25 s. Selectivity coefficients of SDS with respect to a number of different species were investigated. There were negligible interferences caused by most of the investigated anions. The determination of 1.0–280.0 µg mL−1 of SDS in aqueous solutions showed an average recovery of 99.1%, and the mean relative standard deviation was 1.4 at 100 µg mL−1. The results obtained in the determination of SDS in liquid soap, water and in some pharmaceutical preparations compared favourably with those obtained by the Methylene Blue active substance method (MBAS). In the present investigation, the DS sensor has been used as an end-point indicator electrode for some precipitation titration reactions, e.g. titration of SDS with CTMABr and cetylpyridinium chloride with SDS.