Determination Of Sampling Points Research Articles

Identifikasi Status Hara N Lahan Sawah pada Daerah Irigasi Kedunglimus Arca Kiri, Di Kecamatan Kembaran Kabupaten Banyumas

Paddy soil is land that is important in Indonesia as a major resource for growing rice in rice production. The main problems in rice cultivation in paddy fields is the transfer function, especially fertile and irrigated paddy fields into industrial areas and urban sprawl. The study aims to determine the amount of the nutrient content of N and determine the availability of nutrients N correlation with the production of rice in paddy fields in the area of the left arca of weir irrigation in Sub-District Kembaran Banyumas. The experiment was conducted in paddy fields in the area of the left arca of weir irrigation in Sub-District Kembaran Banyumas and followed with the analysis of the soil at the Laboratory Institute for Agricultural Technology in Yogyakarta and in the Laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Unsoed. The experiment was conducted in March and May 2015. The study was conducted by survey method, in-depth review the level of accuracy (semi detail) with scale in map 1: 50,000. The determination of sample points is based on Homogeneous Soil Map Unit (SLH), which is made by overlay map on the map of soil types, slope maps and land use maps of research areas. The number of samples is 8, which is located on the 5 villages. The variables were observed and measured in the study include the main variables, namely N-total and N-available and include support variable-organic C content, soil pH, pH of water irrigation, CEC and interviews with farmers. The results showed that N-total content at all SLH is low, i.e. 0.166% in SLH A1f and 0.173% in SLH A2f . The content of N-available (N-NH4) in all SLH are 157 ppm in SLH A1f and 163 ppm in SLH A2f.

Kebiasaan makan teripang pasir (<i>Holothuria scabra</i>) dan teripang getah (<i>Holothuria vagabunda</i>) di Perairan Karas, Kota Batam, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to find out the types of food eaten by sea cucumber sand (<i>H. scabra</i>) and sea cucumber (<i>H. vagabunda</i>), to know the habits of eating sea cucumber (<i>H. scabra</i>) and sea cucumber (<i>H. vagabunda</i>) in Karas waters, Galang District, Batam City. Determination of sampling points using results of the study found 3 types of sea cucumber food namely percentage, Bacillariophyceae 49,82%, Sarcodina 2,23%, Crustacea 24,33%, and 5 types of food Sea Cucumber Seafish with percentage, Bacillariophyceae 50,75%, Sarcodina 3,91%, Crustacea 4,83%, Copepoda 0,52%, and Seagrass Fiber 0,30%.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN FAMILI CYPRINIDAE DI SUNGAI ARIUNG KECAMATAN PUTUSSIBAU UTARA KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU

The cyprinidae family is a true freshwater fish that dominant in Indonesian fresh waters and the main in habitant of the most population in several rivers in Kalimantan. One of river that found cyprinidae family is Ariung river in Mendalam Village, North Putussibau District, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan. This study aims to obtain data on the fish diversity of the cyprinidae in Ariung River. The method used in this research is survey method and direct observation in the field. Determination of sampling points with purposive sampling and followed systematically based on environmental conditions. The results showed as many as 5 observation stations found 187 individuals belonging to 15 types, among them are Barbichthys laevis, Barbodes schwanenfeldii, Cyclocheilichtys apogon, Hampala macrolepidota, Labiobarbus ocellatus, Osteochilus hasselti, Osteochilus kappenii, Osteochilus microcephalus, Osteochilus pleurotaenia, Osteochilus waandersii, Puntioplites bulu, Rasbora caudimaculata, Rasbora sp, Thynnichthys polylepis dan Thynnichthys thynnoides. Based on the results of data analysis, the dominant index of fish in the Ariung river shows low dominance. Values (C) from the five observation stations ranged from 0.135 - 0.284. The index of fish species diversity in the Ariung river shows moderate species diversity. Diversity index (H ') values for the five stations ranged from 1.322 - 2.130. Evenness index (E) values at the five stations are at 0.912 – 0.953 and a wealth index (R) at the five stations has a high wealth of R > 4.Keywords: Ariung Rivers, Cyprinidae Family, Fish Diversity

PREDIKSI BESAR EROSI DENGAN METODE USLE DI KECAMATAN CANDUANG KABUPATEN AGAM

ABSTRACT
 This research aims to discuss Predicion of Erotion in Caduang Subdistrict, Agam Regency. The Method used is descriptive method with quantitaive approach. The variables in this study predict the erotion that occurs on agricultural land cover with the determination or planting technique that is not in accordance with conservation. Determination of sample points in was carried out of using the porposive sampling method. Data collection technique used were primary and secondary data from BMKG, BPDAS-HL Agam Kuantan, BNPB, BAPEDA and Canduang Subdistrict goverment. Data analysis technique carried out by means of observation with data analysis technique in this research are field analysis. The result of research : prediction of erotion in Canduang Subdistrict classed by light, medium and heavy which erosion risk class I, II and III.
 Keyword : Erotion, USLE, Prediction
 
 ABSTRACT
 This research aims to discuss Predicion of Erotion in Caduang Subdistrict, Agam Regency. The Method used is descriptive method with quantitaive approach. The variables in this study predict the erotion that occurs on agricultural land cover with the determination or planting technique that is not in accordance with conservation. Determination of sample points in was carried out of using the porposive sampling method. Data collection technique used were primary and secondary data from BMKG, BPDAS-HL Agam Kuantan, BNPB, BAPEDA and Canduang Subdistrict goverment. Data analysis technique carried out by means of observation with data analysis technique in this research are field analysis. The result of research : prediction of erotion in Canduang Subdistrict classed by light, medium and heavy which erosion risk class I, II and III.
 Keyword : Erotion, USLE, Prediction

Dampak Kualitas Air Pada Budi Daya Ikan Dengan Jaring Tancap Di Desa Toulimembet Danau Tondano

In this study, we determined the current condition of the water quality of Lake Tondano in terms of physical and chemical parameters in a fish farming locations on Lake Tondano of Toulimembet village waters. Determination of sampling points at each station is placed vertically at three predetermined points from the guard house toward the front of the net, the distance between one point to the next point was ± 12 m; whereas for the analysis of water quality parameters was done using an HORIBA water quality meters type U-536. Determination points were done by purposive sampling which refers to the physiographic location wherever possible in order to represent or describe these waters. The research was carried out for 3 weeks and was done in 3 stages, morning, afternoon and evening. For direct measurement (in situ) was performed once a week at the three points which included parameters pH, temperature, conductivity, DO, Oxidation reduction potential, turbidity, TDS, depth and GPS. Generally, the result of water quality analysis at the aquaculture still in the water quality standard PP No.82 of 2001. Keywords: Water Quality, Stick Net Cage, Lake Tondano, Aquaculture

Evaluasi Kondisi Lingkungan Akuakultur Pada DAS Tondano Di Kelurahan Ternate Baru Kota Manado

In this study, we evaluated the current condition of the environmental conditions of aquaculture on watershed Tondano River in terms of physical and chemical parameters. Determination of sampling points at each station is placed vertically at three predetermined points from the brigde toward the front of the aquaculture, the distance between one point to the next point was ± 50 m; whereas for the analysis of water quality parameters was done using an HORIBA water quality meters type U-536. Determination points were done by purposive sampling which refers to the physiographic location wherever possible in order to represent or describe these waters. The research was carried out for 3 weeks and was done in 3 stages, morning, afternoon and evening. For direct measurement (in situ) was performed once a week at the three points which included parameters pH, temperature, conductivity, DO, Oxidation reduction potential, turbidity, TDS, depth and GPS. Generally, the result of water quality analysis at the aquaculture still in the water quality standard PP No.82 of 2001. Keywords: Evaluation, water quality, water Lake Tondano, Aquaculture

Soil macrofauna in Oil palm plantation of Sei Liput

Oil palm plantation of PT. Socfindo within area of Sei Liput has been planting oil palm since 1909, with recent status consisted of generation V (± 108 years), IV (± 92 years), III (± 49 years) and II (± 32 years). The different interval of utilization and management of plantation in each generation determine both the species, density, relative density and presence frequency of soil macrofauna. Soil macrofauna are known to maintain the balance of soil ecosystem. The study was conducted at Sei Liput oil palm plantation area on February 2017 until April 2018. Determination of sampling points used purpossive random sampling while sampling of soil macrofauna using quadratic and hand sorting methods. The study found 25 species of soil macrofauna grouped into 2 phyla, 6 classes, 12 orders, 20 families and 25 species. The highest density value in the Generation II plantation area was 217.46 ind / m2 and the lowest density value in the Generation III garden area was 125.38 ind / m2. The three most frequent species of soil macrofauna in the four generations plantations were Pontoscolex corethrurus, Odontoponera denticulata, and Vostax apicedentatus.

The Use of DEM to Delineate Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrient Content in Apple Orchard Batu City, East Java Province, Indonesia

The spatial variability data on soil nutrient content is the key component in precision farming implementation. The kriging method that is widely used for interpolation is considered inefficient. This is an obstacle to the concept application of precision farming. Therefore, another method is needed to answer this problem. The purpose of this study was to assess whether DEM can be used to delineate the spatial variability of soil nutrient content. The research was conducted on an apple orchard in Batu City, East Java Province. Determination of sample points was using a stratified random sampling method, so the land was classified into 9 areas (Area 1-9). The data used for this purpose were high-resolution DEM. Statistical analysis was done using GLM Multivariate. The statistical analysis results show that the significance value is less than 0.05. This means that with a 95% degree of confidence the value of soil nutrients including soil pH, organic carbon, total P, and total K are significantly different in various Areas. The formation of Areas in this study derives from spatial analysis of the DEM. The conclusion of this research is that DEM can be used to delineate the spatial variability of soil nutrient levels in an apple orchard.

Simpanan Karbon Pada Padang Lamun di Kawasan Pantai Mengiat, Nusa Dua Bali

Human activity is the most contributor of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) to the air. The oceans have an important role in the carbon cycle, about 93% of the Earth's CO2 is stored in the oceans. Seagrass is one of sea plants that has a role as carbon sinks in ocean. Seagrass beds are able to absorb carbon by an average 0.21 tons/ha and the important species are Enhalus acoroide. The aim of this study is determine the carbon storage in seagrass at aboveground (leaf), belowground (roots and rhizomes) and carbon storage on each species of seagrass obtained at Mengiat coastal area. Determination of sampling point refer to seagrass density that used by purposive sampling. This method was assumed to represent or describe the condition of this area. This research used dry dyeing method which components sample was destruction with 500oC inside the furnace. The results showed that carbon storage of seagrass at belowground (root and rhizoma) is 25.70 gC/m2, and aboveground (leaf) is 17.18 gC/m2. Carbon storage at belowground is higher than aboveground because carbon will accumulate in the sediment. The type of seagrass that is obtained at Mengiat coastal area is Thalassodendron ciliatum, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, and Syringodium isoetifolium, the highest carbon storage are 62.46 gC/m2 is owned by Thalassodendron ciliatum, and the lowest carbon storages are 17.25 gC/m2 is owned by Syringodium isoetifolium.

Analisis Hubungan Kelimpahan Plankton di Permukaan Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di Selat Bali

Lemuru fish is one of fishery commodity that has high economical value and one of fish that most catched by fisherman in Bali Strait. Lemuru fish had been caught in Bali Strait was fluctuating every month and every years. This condition was related with food source of Lemuru fish such as phytoplankton and zooplankton. So this research was conducted to explained the relationship phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance with Lemuru fish catched in Bali strait. This study focus in Bali strait during March until May 2017. Determination of sampling point used area sampling method while water sampling occured in surface water with pouring method. Total of phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance in Bali strait in March until May had formed the sinusoidal model with their abundance ranged 301 ind/L – 604 ind/L and 7 ind/L – 12 ind/L. Plankton abundance in Bali strait in March until May (transisonal season 1) was categorized low abundance if compared with plankton abundance in another season. The low value of phytoplankton abundance caused by non upwelling phenomenon and grazing process and the low abundance of zooplankton caused by low rate of zooplankton and predation by Lemuru fish. Phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance had strong relationship with Lemuru fish catched with correlation coefficient value 0.76 and 0.69. This condition caused by phytoplankton and zooplankton are source of Lemuru fish food.

Kelayakan lokasi budidaya ikan di Danau Tondano ditinjau dari parameter fisika kimia air

The purpose of this study was to determine the current condition of the water quality of Lake Tondano in terms of physical and chemical parameters in a fish farming locations on Lake Tondano waters. Determination of sampling points at each station is placed vertically at three predetermined points from the guard house toward the front of the net, the distance between one point to the next point was ± 10 m; whereas for the analysis of water quality parameters was done in Clinical Pathology of Fish Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi Manado and Manado Industrial Research and Standards Laboratory. Determination points were done by purposive sampling which refers to the physiographic location wherever possible in order to represent or describe these waters. The research was carried out for 6 weeks and was done in 2 stages, morning and afternoon. For direct measurement (in situ) was performed once a week which included parameters DO, pH, temperature, and brightness, while the laboratory tests were conducted for 2 weeks which included parameters Nitrite, Nitrate, Iron, Chlorine, Manganese, Chloride, Sulfate, Aluminum, ammonia and Phosphate. The results show that the locations of the four parameters of chlorine (CL2) with range (0.1 to 0.28) and the parameters of Ammonia with the range (0.0125 to 0.15) over the limit indicated on water quality standards. The parameters of temperature, DO, pH, brightness, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, manganese, chloride, aluminum, iron and phosphate were still in the water quality standard PP No.82 of 2001.

Pola Sebaran Salinitas dengan Model Numerik Dua Dimensi di Muara Sungai Musi

The aim of this research is to describe the spread salinity with two dimensions numerical model at the Musi River’s estuary, and also to determined relationship of spread salinity with hydrodynamic unsure in water. The research has been done at Juli – Agustus 2011 at Musi River’s estuary, South Sumatra. Determination of sampling points is done by using purposive sampling method. The sample is measured by in-situ method and the data is proceed using Surface Water Modelling System (SMS 8.1) software, then verified with field measurement. The result of this research indicated that when the condition of sea-water tidal waters not too far into the river, the concentration of salinity in the surface layer (0.2 D) ranged between 6 - 28o/oo, in the water column (0.5 D) between 6 - 27o/oo, and in the deep waters (0.8 D) between 5 - 27o/oo. In other hand, at low tide condition, the influence of river moved farther out to the sea, with the concentration of salinity in the surface layer (0.2 D) ranged between 5 - 26o/oo, the salinity in the water column (0.5 D) and in the deep waters (0.8 D) between 4 - 27 o/oo. The result of spread salinity of the model simulation shows that the salinity distribution patterns follow the formed of the flow so that it can be said that the flow will affect the distribution of salinity in the waters. Based on the results of the flow simulation and salinity with or without the effects of wind’s flow and salinity patterns are the same, in the range 0.9 to 23.9o/oo. The verified average error result of measurement and simulation the model (MRE) with or without wind is 3,163 E-11%. So, factor of the wind did not significantly affect the movement of flow on the research.

Fish Farming Development Potency with Floating Fish Cage System in Amurang District, South Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

Coastal waters of South Minahasa Regency is potential for fish farming of floating fish cage system, but the potency has not been optimally taken yet.Low interest of the people in running this fish farming system results from slow fish growth and mortality.In general, the failure of this culture system is a consequence of location setting that does not consider the water quality condition as a site suitability requirement.Until now, there is no study on site suitability of fish farming in floating nets in South Minahasa Regency, particularly Amurang District, affecting the fish farming success.This study was aimed at determining the site suitability for trevally (caranx spp.) farming using the floating fish cage system in the coastal waters of Amurang District, South Minahasa Regency. It was carried out in Amurang Bay using a survey method. The primary data was obtained by direct field measurement at the observation points using a Global Positioning System (GPS). The determination of sampling points was expected to be able to describe the condition of Amurang waters. The secondary datacovered the 1:50.000-scaled earth map of South Minahasa with Arc-Info format released from Badan Koordinasi Survei and Pemetaan Nasional (Bakorsutanal-National Coordination Body for Survey and Mapping) and Landsat 7-ETM image. Water samples were analyzed in the Water Laboratory Nusantara. Data Analyisesused Geographic Information System..In general, sites for floating cage fish farming in Amurang District were categorized as suitable, conditional suitable, unsuitable.The area available and potential for this culture system was 150 Haandsuitable for trevally (caranx spp.) culture was38 Ha. This suitability data was expected to become critical information and reference for the regional government, investors, fishermen and fish farmers in developing the fish culture in the floating fish cage. Keywords: site feasibility, suitability, water quality.

The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) and protein in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cage of Gajah Mungkur reservoir, Wonogiri, Central Java

Abstract. Novebrianto MA, Sunarto, Setyono P. 2011. The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) and protein in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net cage of Gajah Mungkur reservoir, Wonogiri, Central Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 70-79. Reservoir Gajah Mungkur of Wonogiri is an artificially aquatic environment with susceptibility to heavy metal contamination, so through the process of bioaccumulation, the fish tissue can be contaminated. This research was to identify the concentration of heavy metals copper (Cu) and protein in the tissue of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.), bred in floating cage breeders at the reservoir Gajah Mungkur. It was also tended to observe the relationship between heavy metal concentrations of Cu with a protein content of tilapia tissue. Determination of sampling points was applied by a purposive sampling method. The concentration of both heavy metal and the measured protein was done descriptively, by comparing data obtained with freshwater quality standards according to PPRI No. 82 years 2001 and Decree DG POM No. 03725/B/SK/VII/89. Relations were analyzed by both correlations. The result showed that the concentration of Cu in the waters of reservoir Gajah Mungkur on a scale of 0.0108 mg/L was still below the threshold of freshwater quality standards. The parameters of temperature, pH, and DO on the results of the research were still in the range of values recommended for aquaculture activities. Cu concentration within tilapia tissues samples at 2.746 mg/kg was above the threshold of metal contamination in foods, especially processed meat, while the average protein content of tilapia value amounted to 18.07%. The higher the Cu content within the tissue, the lower the protein content of fish meat (r = ­0.780).