Determinants Of Graduates Research Articles

Determinants of higher education graduates’ employability: a scoping review

PurposeGraduates’ employability has been recognised as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon in the theoretical literature. However, some critics have emerged around the lack of relation between structural, contextual and individual dimensions that have been acknowledged as relevant for the understanding of graduates’ employability. This study aims to map empirical research, grounded on a scoping and integrative review of the research published to date on the determinants of graduates’ employability and offer a wider perspective of the knowledge produced across different disciplinary fields, and theoretical and methodological approaches.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol for Scoping Reviews, a systematic and extensive search of the literature was carried out and 74 studies focusing on the determinants of graduates’ employability were selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, data were extracted, analysed and interpreted with quantitative and qualitative techniques.FindingsThe results evidence that multiple factors mainly related to higher education attributes, educational arrangement, personal and interpersonal attributes, and socioeconomic conditions predict the odds of obtaining a job after graduation. This review also demonstrates some fragmentation of knowledge produced in this field and identifies a lack of an integrative approach, calling for more multidisciplinary research that might favour a more comprehensive knowledge of graduates’ employability.Originality/valueBy considering the different factors together, from individual and contextual levels, the present review offers an original and clearer overall picture of what is currently known and what is still unresearched about the determinants of graduates’ employability.

Analisis Faktor Penyebab Rendahnya Motivasi Belajar IPS Pada Pembelajaran Tatap Muka Pasca Pandemi

The purpose of this study was to describe the factors causing low social studies motivation in face-to-face learning after the pandemic (Covid-19) at SMA Negeri 1 Seyegan. This study uses a type of qualitative research conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Seyegan Sleman Yogyakarta. The subjects of this study were the Subject Teachers of Social Science Subjects and Students at SMA Negeri 1 Seyegan. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that after online learning has been carried out for approximately 1.5 years, it has a significant influence on students' learning motivation. Face-to-face learning was carried out starting at the end of 2021 and the results obtained were that the factors causing the low learning motivation of students were that the learning motivation of students had decreased because they were still adapting to face-to-face learning, they still had a tendency to depend on smartphones to find answers to the assignments given, the absence of the National Examination as a determinant of graduation, as well as the learning process which is monotonous and pays little attention to the aspirations of students. Efforts that can be made by schools to increase learning motivation are of course teachers can choose learning models that are more creative and innovative so that the learning atmosphere becomes more enjoyable. Through the right learning model will have a positive impact on the development of students' learning motivation.

Does the policy regarding the role of the national examination in determining graduation affect student achievement?

From 2004 to 2018, the national examination (NE) has undergone three policy changes regarding its role in determining graduation. The NE score was decided to be the sole determining factor for student graduation in the period 2004 to 2010, with the school examination score being the determinant of student graduation from 2011 to 2015 and no longer a determinant of student graduation from 2016 to 2018 period. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of influence of the NE policy as a determinant of graduation on student achievement at junior, senior, and vocational high schools. This study used data on student achievement for 15 years in the subjects tested on the NE obtained from the Research and Development Center of the Indonesian Ministry of National Education. Data analysis was done descriptively by estimating students' mean achievement on the NE and then analyzing the mean trend. By analyzing the trend of student scores' mean on the subjects tested on the NE at the junior high school, senior high school, and vocational high school levels, the mean tends to increase in the period 2004 to 2010, tends to be less stable and decrease in the period 2011 to 2015, and tends to decline again when the NE score is no longer used as a determinant of graduation in the period 2016 to 2018. These results indicate that the policy on using NE scores in determining graduation influences student achievement in junior high school, senior high school, and vocational high school levels.

What drives labour market success? Empirical analysis of university graduates in Poland

PurposeThe study aims to examine the factors that determine the success of graduates in the labour market. This success is measured in several ways, namely, above-average wages in the economy, employment in accordance with the field of study and job satisfaction. The research explores the employment outcomes of graduates from Jagiellonian University, which is the oldest and one of the best in Poland. Not only does the analysis focus on degree-related predictors such as discipline or faculty, but it is also extended to include activities undertaken during studies and family background.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on data collected in the graduates' career survey, which is conducted six months after graduation. For this article, a database of over 6,000 graduates from four subsequent editions of the survey was compiled. In order to identify the predictors of graduates' success, a logistic regression model was applied.FindingsThe study reveals that graduates' success in the labour market is influenced not only by their discipline, but also by the activities undertaken during their studies, the type of studies and demographic features. Studies in natural sciences give chance for higher earnings, job matching and satisfaction. The humanities and social sciences increase only graduates’ group satisfaction. The impact of activities during studies is diversified – those matched to studies increase the job matching and those unmatched lower the earnings, job matching and satisfaction. Parents' level of education resulted in salary increase. The results also confirm the premises of behavioural theory.Research limitations/implicationsFirstly, the main research limitation is that data of one particular university's graduates are used, so the results should be interpreted in the context of Poland only. Secondly, the authors propose a precise concept of success; however, it could be refined in any future study. This limitation could be mitigated by the flexibility of the model, which guarantees that other predictors of success could be involved. Furthermore, the article was based on data collected before the COVID-19 pandemic, when the labour market was completely different, so it also could be revised now.Practical implicationsThe results of the analysis can be used when preparing the University’s educational offer. Since various predictors are implemented in the model, the information could be useful not only for future students, but also for current students, so they can make a more data-driven decision about their future careers. Additionally, University careers’ advisors are provided with knowledge on the determinants of graduates' success. Taking a broader view, the research findings are also informative for labour market institutions.Originality/valueThe paper offers an advanced analysis in a field that is under-researched in many transition countries, including Poland, i.e. graduates' entry into the workplace. Although the study provides insight into the factors that determine the labour market success of one particular university's graduates, this modelling can be applied to the empirical data of another higher education institution’s (HEI's) graduates.

Research on Determinants of Graduates’ Employability

Although the opportunity for graduates to obtain first-time employment is affected by many factors, employability is one of the most important factors. This study summarizes the related concepts of graduates’ employability from the literature, and summarizes the influencing factors of graduates’ employability.

SELECTION OF BASIC COMPETENCY FOR CANDIDATE CIVIL SERVANTS IN INDONESIA 2018: PROBLEMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Basic Competency Selection Candidates for Civil Servants in 2018 have the following problems: First, the passing-grade information of SKD-CPNS which was stated based on the regulation of MENPANRB No. 37/2018 but in fact not everything is based on that regulation. The reasons are: (1) SKD passing-grade score is the minimum score that must be fulfilled by each CPNS selection participant, not exceeding the passing grade score; (2) SKD-CPNS passing grade scores of athletes who excel are not stated in the SKD-CPNS passing-grade information, even though they should be determined, the lowest score of the CPNS selection participants who excel is the passing grade of SKD results; (3) Scores of the General Intelligence Test (TIU) formation of specialist doctors and pilot instructors who are required to work with very low error standards but are equated with TIU scores of general paths of at least 80. This means that the TIU scores below the cumlaude and diaspora lines are at least 85. Second, the graduation of the 2018 SKD-CPNS participants nationally is very small, only 3%. Most participants did not meet the passing grade score of 143 Personal Characteristics Test (TKP) which was too high, in contrast to the score of Nationality Insights Test (TWK) 75 and lower TIU 80. The SKD-CPNS issue requires recommendations because after a week of selection, the government agency has not yet announced the graduation of SKD-CPNS participants. Need to review SKD-CPNS passing-grade information so that it is in accordance with the regulation of MENPANRB No. 37/2018. The TKP passing grade score is too high (143), when compared with TWK scores (75) and TIU (80) which are much lower. Therefore the TKP score should be lowered and the determination of graduation based on the best ranking needs to be applied.

Masih Pentingkah UN bagi Siswa? Is UN Still Important for Students?

The main purpose of this study is to answer the following question. Is there any influence of junior high school student’s opinion on the importance of the National Examination against the 2018 National Examination results because currently the National Examination is no longer a determinant of graduation? The population of this study was junior high school students participated in the National Examination in 2018. The data in this study were in the form of test scores and students’ answers to questionnaires in 34 provinces throughout Indonesia. Filling out questionnaires was carried out voluntarily on the last day of the National Examination, so the number of respondents filling out the questionnaire was 3.224.331 from 37.859 junior high school students. The number of respondents is the sample in this study. Based on the results of the t-test analysis obtained as follows. The influence of student opinions stating that the UN is important and not important to the 2018 UN results even though the UN is not a determinant of graduation is proven. This means that there is a significant influence (P <0,000) of the student's opinions towards the 2018 National Examination results for subjects: Indonesian, English, Mathematics, and Science, (Sig. 0,000). Most of the SMP / MTs students amount to 199.222 (90.7%) stated that the National Examination was important, while students who stated that the UN was not important were 20.340 (9.3%) students. The conclusion is that there is an influence of the junior high school students’ opinion about the importance of the National Examination towards the 2018 UN results even though the National Examination is not a determinant of graduation.

The correlation of preclinical GPA score in faculty of medicine of university of baiturrahmah with national board examination result

Background: The National board of medical examination (“UKMPPD) has been implemented since August 2014 and has emerged a new challenge for medicine faculty in Indonesia in which there are 2769 “UKMPPD CBT” retakers in November 2017. It is the same challenge for Faculty of medicine, university of baiturrahmah (FMUNBRAH) where there are 82 CBT retakers in February 2018. The “UKMPPD” as a determinant of graduation should represent the process of conducting competency-based curriculum during preclinical and clinical program. Thus the GPA as a measure of student performance in conducting the curriculum is expected to correlate in achieving the “UKMPPD CBT”.
 Aims: To determine the correlation between preclinical GPA score of students with achieving the “UKMPPD CBT”. 
 Methods: It was cross sectional design consisting subject of 749 students who joined “UKMPPD CBT” as firstaker since November 2014-February 2018. Data obtained were preclinical GPA and the results of “UKMPPD CBT”. GPA data was grouped into three categories with satisfying, very satifying, and cum laude predicate. The results of “UKMPPD CBT” were grouped by achieving and not achieving. Furthermore, the data was analyzed using Sommers'd correlation test.
 Results: The median value of preclinical GPA were 3.00 (2.35-3.76). There is a weak negative correlation between preclinical GPA with achieving of “UKMPPD CBT” (p <0.001; value r = -0.221).
 Conclusion: There is a weak negative correlation between GPA with the accomplishement of UKMPPD CBT. This result can provide feedback to institutional managers regarding the process of implementing the curriculum based competency.

Determinants of graduates’ entrepreneurial activity

Despite the depth and breadth of the existing literature on university entrepreneurship, research has focused almost exclusively on licensing patents and founding spin-offs by faculty and staff. In comparison, much less evidence has been produced on start-ups created by students and graduates, mainly due to a lack of comprehensive data. This paper evaluates the impact of education—academic subject and foreign education experience—on the creation of firms by university graduates. In terms of the academic subject, the focus is on the distinction between science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields and non-STEM fields. With respect to foreign education experience, the focus is on graduates’ experience studying outside their home country. Our analysis extends the scope of existing research in two ways. First, we consider the entire education history of graduates, not just from the researched university. Second, the paper extends the traditional focus on international students and analyzes the foreign education experience of both domestic and international students. The results indicate a positive relationship between having a non-STEM degree and entrepreneurial activity. A combination of STEM and non-STEM degrees is also positively related to the entrepreneurial propensity of graduates. Students with foreign education experience are significantly more likely to become entrepreneurs than those without such experience. Many governments focus their policy on attracting and retaining foreign students, especially those with degrees in STEM fields. Our results suggest that it is more important for a government to focus on both foreign-born students and domestic students who have foreign study experience.

Training to make learning evaluation media and computer-based Exams using Ispring [Pelatihan Membuat Media Evaluasi Belajar dan Ujian Berbasis Komputer Menggunakan Ispring

The correct evaluation is needed to be able to measure the achievement of learning objectives appropriately. Determination of graduation is one of the follow-ups of the evaluation function. The implementation of national examinations in several schools in Indonesia is computer-based or online with CBT (Computer Based Test). This online system exam is expected to reduce the level of fraud. Related to this, students must be trained and prepared to take an exam with an online system starting from giving quizzes or in daily tests. The teachers must also be equipped with the knowledge of how to make their own online learning evaluation media to develop knowledge in the field of technology before disseminating it to their students. Therefore the purpose of this activity is to provide guidance and training in the making of learning evaluation media with CBT (Computer Based Test) to teachers using Ispring. So that it can help the school especially the teachers to find out how to make the evaluation media learn independently.

ANALISIS REFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN (STUDI PELAKSANAAN SELEKSI TERBUKA JABATAN PIMPINAN TINGGI PRATAMA (JPT) BERBASIS MERIT SISTEM PADA PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR)

One important aspect of staffing reform is the promotion system of civil state apparatus publicly and competitively within the local government, in high leadership positions (JPT) pratama or positions equalized with structural positions echelon II.b and a. The Local Government of Indragiri Hilir Regency through the Regional Personnel Board has conducted an open promotion on the filling of the Primary Leadership Position, for the first time in 2015. The purpose of this study is to analyze the personnel reform based on system merit in the implementation of the selection of Primary Charge in the local government of Regency Indragiri Hilir. The research method used is descriptive research method with qualitative data analysis approach by using data analysis according to Miles and Huberman namely; data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The sources in this research are Selection Committee, secretariat of selection committee, selection of JPT Pratama, Civil Servant at Local Government of Indragiri Hilir Regency. In this study the authors use data collection methods using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that personnel reform in the implementation of the selection of Primary Charge to the local government of Indragiri Hili Regency is seen from the aspect of preparation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation as stipulated in the provisions of Permenpan-RB no. 13 Year 2014, mechanically and procedurally has been implemented in accordance with the provisions. From the result of data analysis of implementation and recommendation from KASN to the selection implementation process, implicitly can be concluded that the implementation process contains the principles of objectivity, competitive, transparency and accountability in every stage process conducted by selection committee to 5 (five) .The consideration of qualifications, competence and performance (merit system) on the determination of graduation in general has become the consideration of the selection committee. For the next selection process by appraising the assessment center, the authors suggest that the preparation of competency standards in detail and detail, success criteria from office, the selection material should be more directed to the task and function metrics of each position, the selection method is more directed to a deep observation of the behavior of officials, and conduct a thorough evaluation of the potential, potential, strength and weaknesses of the candidate, a relevant to the effectiveness of a desired organization.

Determinants of graduates' job opportunities and initial wages in China

AbstractBased on a sample of new graduates in the Beijing area, this study examines how college prestige, major and sex affect their job search prospects and initial wages. Using a parametric survival approach and a Heckman selection model, it shows that graduates find jobs faster if they come from prestigious universities, signalling ability and qualification. They also receive higher initial wages than graduates from other tertiary education institutions. Engineering and business graduates find jobs more easily than law and science graduates, but liberal arts and social science graduates receive higher wages. Female graduates find jobs faster than male graduates, but they earn less.

The structure and determinants of expected and actual starting salaries of higher education students in Germany: identical or different?

ABSTRACTUsing two representative samples of some 74,000 students and 11,000 graduates, respectively, we analyse the accuracy of students’ wage expectations given their individual characteristics. We find that students are aware of the effects of most of their own characteristics, as a large number of determinants of expected and realised salaries do not differ significantly. However, important determinants of graduates’ starting salaries are not consistent with students’ expectations: Students seem to overestimate the presumably negative impact of age at graduation on starting salaries while at the same time they seem to underestimate the positive effects of grades and internships in renowned companies. Moreover, students seem not to be able to anticipate the effects of different job characteristics. Analyses of several subsamples confirm our main findings. Thus, students seem to focus too much on graduating fast while under-investing in more beneficial activities like preparing for exams and completing top internships.

Determinants of Graduates’ Preparatory Job Search Behaviour: A Competitive Test of Proactive Personality and Expectancy-Value Theory

A few months before their graduation (N = 675), the survey data of university students was analysed in order to explore the determinants of self-reported preparatory job search behaviour (JSB) within the context of proactive behaviour and Expectancy-Value theory. Five blocks of independent variables were entered into a hierarchical regression analysis to predict JSB: (a) control variables such as gender and academic area: (b) proactive personality; (c) the perception of job opportunities as Expectancy variable; (d) the value placed upon working as a life role as Value variable; and (e) the interaction Expectancy x Value. It was confirmed that proactive personality. Expectancy and Value made modest incremental contributions to the prediction of JSB. Gender and academic area had no effect on JSB. Graduates with a proactive personality reported more JSB. An optimistic perception of job opportunities (Expectancy) also enhanced JSB. Graduates who attached a high value to work in life (Value) reported more JSB, as can be expected from expectancy-value theory. However, the theoretically derived prediction of an interaction Expectancy x Value was not evident.

Determinants of Graduation from a Day Treatment Drug Court in California: A Preliminary Study

This paper focuses on an evaluation of the Riverside County (California) Drug Court Program, a post conviction program that operates much like most drug courts in the country. Riverside County has a large population of drug abusers. A recent study (Sechrest and Josi, 1996) showed that about 40% of the prison commitments from this county were for drug offenses (this figure did not include commitments for other crimes with drug involvement). The “Inland Empire,” comprising Riverside County and San Bernardino counties, is known as one of the highest, if not the highest, producers of methamphetamine in the nation.

Determinants of graduates' demand for housing

During the early 1990s the number of UK graduates increased substantially while the number of young first time home buyers was diminishing and student loans began to replace maintenance grants. In the light of these changes, this paper examines the influences on home ownership based on a sample of 1991–95 Coventry University graduates. Significant explanatory variables are years of work since leaving university, household income, living with a partner, children and a lump sum inheritance or gift. Student loans, age, gender, house prices and relative buy/rent costs do not significantly affect the probability of home ownership.

Outcome for court-referred drug-abusing male adolescents of an alternative activity treatment program in a vocational high school setting.

This is a report of outcome of an alternative activity treatment program, consisting of off-campus supportive life skill activities, in a private vocational high school for court-adjudicated delinquent boys. A total of 130 adolescent male drug abusing student-clients were evaluated at follow-up, 22 months after admission to the day school treatment program. The determination of graduation vs. dropping out was made 3 years after admission to the study. The sample was 75% white, 21% black, and 4% Hispanic. Eighty-two percent were from 16 to 18 years of age, but only 24% had completed the 10th grade. The mean number of different types of drugs "ever used" was 5.87, and the mean number of drug sale offenses was 4.4. Sixty-one percent had been incarcerated (overnight or longer). A comprehensive assessment was administered at admission and at follow-up. The findings developed by paired t-test, comparing the student-clients' self-reports at follow-up evaluation with their self-reports at pretreatment, indicated significant improvement in numerous problem areas of behavior, adjustment, and attitude measured, except that no significant reduction in illicit drug use occurred. The improvement, however, was more related to the vocational training and job placement program and the general milieu of the school than to the off-campus supportive life skills program. The latter was shown to have a highly significant positive association with outcome as measured by success in graduating from high school and a significant positive association to improvement in "personal adjustment" (reduction in personal problems and increase in interpersonal maturity).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)