Determinants Of Innovation Development Research Articles

Methodological Approach to Identification of Innovative Determinants of Human Capital Management

This article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments in the scientific discussion on identifying the essential characteristics of human capital and key quantitative indicators of its evaluation. The article determined the evolutionary patterns of changing approaches to interpreting the essence of human capital. The study's main purpose is to form an integrated indicator of human capital assessment and identify the most relevant innovative drivers and inhibitors of its development. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the human capital evaluation problem has shown a significant variation in both national approaches to solving the problem and their supranational counterparts. Given the lack of a unified approach to evaluating human capital, the article proposes an author's approach to solving the problem using the Fishburne formula and additive convolution. The relevance of the selection of normalized partial indicators to the integrated indicator is confirmed based on the Cronbach's alpha test. The composite human capital evaluation indicator includes several social, economic, and institutional indicators. Given the transformation of all components of the business environment and the national economy due to the formation of Industry 4.0, it is necessary to determine the most relevant innovative factors of human capital development. A sample of potential drivers and inhibitors of impact on the composite indicator of human capital evaluation, which have an innovative nature, is formed to achieve this goal. The panel data regression model was built. All calculations were performed using Stata 12/SE software product. Modeling results showed that most determinants of innovation development do not have a statistically significant impact on Human Capital Index and vice versa. Human Capital Index is positively influenced by information and communication technology exports but negatively influenced by the imports of computers, communications and services, and high-tech exports. At the same time, the growth of the Human Capital Index has a negative impact on the growth of the share of exports of computers, communications, and services in the structure of commercial imports and high-tech exports. The study results could be useful to scientists, public authorities, local governments, businesses, and entrepreneurs.

Determinants of innovative development on the example of Kazakhstan

PurposeAlthough many studies explored the drivers of innovative development and the innovation performance of different countries, very few studies looked at the association of the country’s GII score with the qualitative indicators of innovation performance. The purpose of this paper is to contribute such an investigation by looking at the Republic of Kazakhstan (79th in 2019 GII ranking).Design/methodology/approachThis study looks at eight dynamic variables, among which one dependent (the GII score) and seven independent (R&D spending, innovation grants, the total cost of innovative goods and services, the percentage of innovative organizations, the share of innovative goods and services in gross domestic product (GDP) and the number of R&D staff and R&D institutions) variables associated with innovation performance. Changes in variables were tracked over the period from 2010 to 2018..FindingsThe study found that the Kazakhstan’s GII score was reliant on variables, such as the percentage of innovative organizations, the value of innovative goods and services as a share of GDP, R&D spending and the cost of innovative goods and services. At the same time, the number of R&D institutions, innovation grants and number of R&D staff had no substantial impact on the GII score of Kazakhstan.Originality/valueUsing the proposed approach, this study proved that factors, which have no direct association with the country’s level of innovative development expressed in GII, could have a significant synergistic impact on this indicator.

Determinants of innovative development and their importance for small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland

Determinants of innovative development and their importance for small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland

Determinants of innovative development and their importance for small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland

Poland is a country poorly developed in terms of its innovativeness. It belongs to the penultimate group of countries according to the innovation level (moderate innovators). Despite its overall innovative development, a sharp decline (retardation) of innovative activity has been noted in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the last year. Hence, the need for analysing determinants (factors) of their innovative development. In the framework of this article, three groups of factors were taken into account: SMEs' strategy, resources and willingness to cooperate with the environment (open innovation). The analysis of their significance was made on the basis of the research carried out in 2016 on a group of 819 entities. It covered only those SMEs which had conducted innovative activity in the past three years, had headquarters in one of six voivodships in Poland and primarily conducted manufacturing activities. As part of the study, researchers answered the questions regarding the strength and significance of as well as the reasons for the impact of these determinants on SMEs' innovative development. The main aim of the article is to provide a multi-threaded overview of the issues of innovative development of SMEs and to conduct an analysis of determinants in this field.

Научно-технологические детерминанты стратегии инновационного развития

The subject content of the work is domestic innovative development, the theme – scientific and technological aspects, and purpose – consideration of the determinants of the current Strategy until 2020 and prospective one – anticipated Strategy until 2030. The Methodology of work is the application of elements of system analysis (taken and expected government decisions) in the field of innovation research and technological development relating to directions, outcomes, determinants, indicators, challenges and priorities. The research is based on the general scientific method (problem statement, information-analytical generalizations, classification and analogies, analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive approach). The results of the work consist in the formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovative development. The application scope of the results is the strategy of innovative development until 2030. Conclusion. The strategy of innovative development until 2020 takes into account the bases of strategic planning and scientific and technological development of the country, the selected model and the tempos of innovative development take into account the world experience and domestic characteristics, aimed at parity-adapted integration into the world economy, contribute to reducing the retardation from developed countries. Step-by-step formulation of scientific and technological determinants of innovation Strategy until 2030 can be expected from the discussed draft Program «Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for 2019–2030». For comparative and analytical clarification of the development model (within the framework of the Strategy until 2030), it is important to display its innovative characteristics (scientific and technical novelty, satisfaction of market demand, tradability) against the background of global trends and projected features of the «road map» of the new technological mode. At the same time, the scientific and technological determinants of innovative development will definitely remain trans-parently oriented priority areas for the development of science, technology and technology, critical technologies and technological platforms. In addition, due to the multiplicative role of attracted investments in the growth of national income and employment, it seems promising to continue to remove obstacles to the development of public-private partnerships; although, in order to increase the level of technological development of the private sector and change for the better the unsatisfactory financing of R&D by business, in the foreseeable future, limited state protectionism is intended to initiate demand for innovations.

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE EU AGREEMENTS IMPLEMENTATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY

The paper substantiates the expediency of using the system-synergistic approach in disclosing the essence of the national innovation system (NIS) as an institutional basis for ensuring the ecological safety of the regions in the context of the implementation of the EU-Ukraine Agreement. The methodological approaches to the diagnostics of the state of innovation development with the help of a multi-factor model of GDP forecast are formed. The paradigm of the NIS of Ukraine is presented, which reflects the symbiosis of economic, institutional and technical factors in the process of creation and implementation of innovations, and also represents an important step forward in understanding the determinants of innovation development under conditions of integrational changes.

Chapter 6.2 Social-economic determinants of innovative development of the northern territories of Russia

Chapter 6.2 Social-economic determinants of innovative development of the northern territories of Russia