Determinants Of Household Food Security Research Articles

Assess the Determinants of Household Food Security in the Case of Agro-Pastoral Kebeles of Yabello Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

This study was commenced to examine the determinants of household food security in the agro- pastoral kebeles of Yabello woreda. The analysis was based on household survey data gathered from 168 randomly selected household heads in three agro-pastoral kebeles following probability proportional to population size sampling approach (PPS).Descriptive statistics, independent sample t- test, chi-squire tests and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis show that from the total surveyed households 39.9% were found to be food secured while the remaining 60.1% were food insecure. Five variables which include livestock ownership, household size, size of cultivated land, use of chemical fertilizer and distance to the market were found to be significant factors affecting household status of food security in the logistic regression model output. The findings suggest the need to improve the provision of services that improve livestock and agricultural production and microfinance to encourage the adoption of agricultural technologies. More training is important to encourage diversified crop production by the households. It is also important to improve the provision of basic infrastructural services such as rural roads and markets (especially livestock market centers) to facilitate livelihood diversification. Keywords: Household Food security, Logistic regression, Agro-pastoral, Yabello DOI: 10.7176/JPID/55-01 Publication date: August 31 st 2020

The Determinants Factors of Household Food Security in the Case of Agro-Pastoral Kebeles of Yabello District, Southern Ethiopia

This study was commenced to examine the determinants of household food security in the agro- pastoral kebeles of Yabello woreda. The analysis was based on household survey data gathered from 168 randomly selected household heads in three agro-pastoral kebeles following probability proportional to population size sampling approach (PPS).Descriptive statistics, independent sample t- test, chi-squire tests and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis show that from the total surveyed households 39.9% were found to be food secured while the remaining 60.1% were food insecure. Five variables which include livestock ownership, household size, size of cultivated land, use of chemical fertilizer and distance to the market were found to be significant factors affecting household status of food security in the logistic regression model output. The findings suggest the need to improve the provision of services that improve livestock and agricultural production and microfinance to encourage the adoption of agricultural technologies. More training is important to encourage diversified crop production by the household. It is also important to improve the provision of basic infrastructural services such as rural roads and markets (especially livestock market centers) to facilitate livelihood diversification. Keywords: Household Food security, Logistic regression, Agro-pastoral, Yabello DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-7-03 Publication date: July 31 st 2020

Determinants of household food security in rural Bangladesh: an imperial analysis of farm level data

The study endeavors to estimate the food security status and identify the determinants of food security among households in Hakimpur Upazila in Dinajpur district, Bangladesh. it was found that households of Hakimpur upazila in Dinajpur district were food insecure during the period of the survey. Number of dependents, income of household head, age of household head and level of education were found to significantly influence household head food security in the study area positively. It is recommended that social security measures must ensure that the benefits of public efforts to improve food security and nutrition are universal. Human rights based practices are preferable.
 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 649-658, December 2019

ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY STATUS AMONG RURAL FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN MUBI NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

The study analyzes Food security status among rural farming households in Mubi North local Government Area of Adamawa state, Nigeria. Respondents’ socio- economic characteristics, food security status determinants of household food security and production constraints faced by respondents in achieving food security in the study area were investigated. Data were collected from one hundred and twelve (112) randomly selected rural farmers in six villages of the six (6) selected wards of Mubi North local government area using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis. The result revealed that 72.32% of the respondents were male and 75% were married. Majority (72.33%) of the respondents had one form of formal education or the other and with a mean farming experience of 12 years. The respondents were mostly in their economically active age (mean age of 37 years) and cultivate an average of 2.95 hectares of farm land using personal savings. The mean per capita food expenditure per month was estimated to be N6, 205.11 and the value was used as food security index, and majority (74.10%) of the households were food secured in the study area. The result further revealed that educational level, farm size, farming experience and total monthly income of household heads were positively related to households’ food security status, while age of households’ head was inversely related to food security status. The major production constraints to achieving food security status in the study area include; poor access to credit facilities (98%), high cost of agro-chemicals (81%) inadequate and high cost of fertilizer (78%), shortage of labour (77%), poor storage facilities (62%) and inadequate extension visit (51%). The study among others recommended that rural farmers should be trained on farm management efficiency to boost production capacity and they should explore non-farm income to augment their existing income so as to increase their potentials considering that most of the farmers are youths.

Determinants of Household Food Security in Doyogena woreda, Kambata Tembaro Zone, South Nation Nationalities and People Regional State, Ethiopia


 
 
 Currently, food security issues become one of the serious concerns and top priority areas for developing countries. Having a clear picture of food security status and its major determinants helps policymakers and planners devise new policies that enhance food security. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the status of food security in the study area, to identify the major determinants of food security among the rural household, and to identify different food security status groups to cope with food insecurity. Farm households reported having employed different coping strategies including consuming less preferred food staples, selling productive equipment and livestock, and migrating to other places in search of food and job. The finding of this study ensured that rural households are highly diverse and Policymakers need to reflect on the most suitable ways of supporting this diversity. Any attempt to intervene in the community needs to target specific groups of societies such as female-headed households, wage workers, petty traders, food insecure, and the poor.
 
 

Determinants of Household Food Security of Small Scale Farmers in Gedarif and Rahad Localities "High Agriculture Production Area" of Eastern Sudan

The study aims to assess the determinants of small scale farmer household food security among Gedarif and Rahad localities from eastern Sudan. Data used relies heavily on the results of sample survey of 336 households in 8 villages collected during 2014. Analytical techniques employed included descriptive statistics, and multinomial regression model. The study has shown that, land, credit access; and technology using in agriculture are most factors determining household food security in the study area. In the light of the findings from the study, it is recommended that policy makers should increase effort to make micro-credit accessible to rural farmers targeting agriculture and livestock sector to create more income and food diversification, therefore using technology, extension, and training.

DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND COPING STRATEGY: (EVIDENCE FROM AMARO WOREDA OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA)

The study was conducted in Amaro Woreda of southern Ethiopia with the main objectives to identify the main determinants of household food Security. Data were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency and mean), inferential statistics (Chi-square and t-test) and logistic regression (binary logit) model. Household calorie acquisition was used to measure the status of household food security. Through systematic sampling method 151 respondents were identified. Among those 40.4% of the respondents were food insecure and 59.6% were food secure. The logistic model was initially fitted with 11 variables of which five were found to be significance effect on the household food security. Cultivated land size, livestock holding, education level, household labor and annual gross household income were significantly affecting household food security. Farm households have employed different coping strategies including sale of livestock, reduce size of meals and reduce number of meals at initial stage of food shortage and receive food aid, sale/consume seed meant and reduce size of meals at sever stage of food shortage. Improved food security is attained along with the increase in the size of cultivated land and livestock holdings. Improved technologies that increase the productivity of land and livestock should be given prior attention.

Household Food Security and Vulnerability: the Sustainable Livelihood Framework

This study examines determinants of household food security among the poorest households in Kalibawang, Yogyakarta. The Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) is an approach that we use to explain how the poorest in the rural area in facing the vulnerability due to the coping food problem affected by the El Nino phenomenon by using their assets. To analyze factors in influencing food security for poor households in the village, we consider using determinants of household assets (human capital, financial capital, physical capital, natural capital and social capital), income, dummy employment, and many family members. Also, the sources of data for this study are cross section primary data from 125 poorest households, which are obtained by the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and personally administered questionnaire methods. For further analysis, we used Coping Strategies Index (CSI) as a food security indicator, and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is a method to explain the influence of determinants. Based on the analysis, the results indicate the factors that have an impact on the poorest household food security are the female education, financial, physical, and social capital, as well as employment status.Meanwhile, the head of household education, natural capital, and income have no effect on food security among poorest in the rural area.

Determinants of Household Food Security in Urban Areas

Food security at household level is a very important precondition to foster the national and regional food security. Many people migrate to urban areas in the hope of improving their welfare. Generally people think that in the city there are more opportunities, but the opposite is true. The problem is more complex in the city especially for people who do not have adequate skills and education. This study aims to address whether age of household head, household size, education level of household head, income, and distribution of subsidized rice policy affect the food security of urban poor households in Purbalingga district. A hundred respondents were selected from four top villages in urban areas of Purbalingga with the highest level of poverty. Using binary logistic regression, this study finds significant positive effect of education of household head and household income and significant negative effect of household size and raskin on household food security, while age of household head has no significant effect on household food security. The results imply the need for increased awareness of family planning, education, improved skills, and increased control of the implementation of subsidized rice for the poor.

Determinants of household food security in the eastern region of Nepal

Using the agricultural census data of 2011/12, this paper has attempted to identify the determinants of household level food security in the eastern region of Nepal. Being the censored type sample population, tobit model has been used. On an average, the households experienced no food shortages for 8.5 months, the cultivated land per household was 0.85 hectare and around 34 percent of the cultivated land was irrigated. The results showed that the size of the land holding, nearness to the market, male headed household, households members with agriculture and allied occupation and the educational level of household head were positive and significant variables while household size was negative and significant variable to food security. It was also revealed that the hills and the mountains were more food insecure than Terai region. Hence, investment in human capital, creation of off-farm employment opportunities, increasing physical access through markets and roads development and access to land and augmenting their quality are needed to further improve the food security situation. Similarly, special programs should be implemented targeting female headed households as they are more food insecure than male headed households.SAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 174-188 (2016)

What factors determine household food security among smallholder farmers? Insights from Msinga, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

ABSTRACTFood insecurity persists in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Guidelines are required to inform the formulation of programmes dealing with this challenge. Literature identifies various factors, such as agricultural skills, as key determinants of household food security. This study examines linkages between agricultural skills and household food security in farming households of the Tugela Ferry irrigation scheme in the Msinga Local Municipality. Data was collected from a random sample of 250 farming households by means of a structured questionnaire. A Tobit regression model was employed to examine the determinants of household food security. The study found that factors like household size, marital status, education level, gender, total livestock units, household income, farming experience, credit use and competence levels in fertiliser measurement have the potential to reduce household food insecurity. The study concludes that provision of agricultural skills may improve households’ food security and that interventions may improve smallholder farming productivity.

Impact Analysis of Small Scale Irrigation Schemes on Household Food Security the Case of Sibu Sire District in Western Oromia, Ethiopia

This study was aimed at examining analysing the impact of small scale irrigation on household food security in Sibu Sire district of Western Oromia regional state. Data were collected from 105 irrigation users and 45 non-users. Multi-stage stratified random sampling was applied to select the respondents. Descriptive statistics, Heckman twostage model and Greer and Thorbecke methods were applied to analyse the data. And the analysis research result implies that 44% of the non-users and 27% of users were food insecure. The result was also revealed that 56% of nonusers and 73% of the users were food secured. The model’s first stage revealed the significance effects of distance from the water source, size of cultivated land, access to credit service, access to extension, livestock holding and soil fertility factors in irrigation utilization. The second stage of the model discovered that access to irrigation, household size, dependency ratio, size of cultivated land, proximity of the households to a water source, distance from the market, livestock holding, crop pest infestation, and the Inverse Mills ratio are the determinants of household food security. The study analysis concluded that small scale irrigation utilization is one of the viable solutions to secure household food needs in the study area.

Determinants of household food security of paddy farmers in Batticaloa district, Sri Lanka

Declining crop productivity and farm income in Sri Lanka forced rural households to adopt various coping mechanisms to mitigate the food insecurity status. This study aimed to analyze the paddy farmer’s coping behaviors, food security status and the determinants of food security. Food security was measured using coping strategies index and multinomial logistic regression was done to analyze the determinants of food security. Results revealed that, mean monthly income of the household was Rs. 13, 104.33. Almost all the households adopted various coping mechanisms. 30% of households were in food insecure condition. Multinomial logistic regression results revealed that family size, education level of the head of the household and total monthly income significantly influence the food security status. When household monthly income increases, the odds ratio to be food secure and moderately food secure increases by one. Considering the diversity of coping strategies employed in the study area, policy instruments should be designed to improve the income level coupled with proper education and thereby to improve the food security status among rural household in Batticaloa district.

Factors affecting the household food security in Dodoma Municipal, Tanzania

탄자니아 도도마시에서 2014년 9월에서 10월 사이에 무작위로 96가구를 대상으로 소농가구의 식량안보에 관여하는 사회·경제학적 정보와 경작형태에 관한 결정요인을 표본조사를 실시하였다. 설문지에는 조사 전 30일간의 식량확보지표로 FANTA에서 개발한 식량안보취약지수(HFIAS)를 인용하였다. 또한 가구들을 지방정부의 토지이용정책, 농업기술지원, 농자재 투입, 음용수, 위생과 시장정책을 질문하였다. 그 결과, 가구들의 소득, 교육 정도, 토지소유, 경작면적 등의 요인은 가구의 식량안보와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 조사가구의 약 40%는 식량조달을 우려한 적이 있고, 5%는 취침 시 굶주림을 경험하고 약3%는 하루 종일 식사를 거른 적이 있다고 답하였다. 대부분 농가는 도도마시 행정당국이 음용수와 위생서비스에 긍정적인 답을 하였으나, 이는 국제기관의 원조에 의해 가능하였다. 농자재 서비스는 식량안보에 가장 중요한 요소라고 답하였으나 당국의 식량안보 역할 중 가장 낮은 만족도를 보여 정책에 의한 농자재 서비스 확대는 도도마시 가구의 식량안보를 증진하는 가장 중요한 요소로 판단되었다.Ninety six households were randomly selected for a cross sectional survey from September to October in 2014 in Dodoma municipal, Tanzania. The survey collected information on socioeconomic and farming characteristics of the sample households to find out the main determinants of household food security (HFS). We adopted the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) developed by the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA). We investigated whether households have experienced problems in accessing food for the last 30 days. Given the Likert scale, the households were asked to evaluate the role of municipal council’s activities related to food security such as land use policies and activities related to extension, farm input, clean water, sanitation, and marketing services. Our findings show that household incomes, educational level, land ownership, and landholding size are significantly related to the household food security. About 40% of the households often worry about food supply, 5% sleeps feeling hungry and 3% goes a whole day and night without eating food. Most households had positive views on water and sanitation services; however the services have been made possible because of assistance from international organizations. The households appeared to consider agricultural input services the most important factor affecting their food security, but had the least satisfaction on the role of Dodoma municipal in providing agricultural input services. It suggests that increasing the agricultural input services might enhance the HFS in Dodoma municipal.

Prevalence and Determinants of Household Food Security in Resettled Areas in Sekong Province, Lao PDR

Prevalence and Determinants of Household Food Security in Resettled Areas in Sekong Province, Lao PDR

Socio-economic determinants of household food security and women's dietary diversity in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundThere has been limited decline in undernutrition rates in South Asia compared with the rest of Asia and one reason for this may be low levels of household food security. However, the evidence base on the determinants of household food security is limited. To develop policies intended to improve household food security, improved knowledge of the determinants of household food security is required.MethodsHousehold data were collected in 2011 from a randomly selected sample of 2,809 women of reproductive age. The sample was drawn from nine unions in three districts of rural Bangladesh. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to measure the relationship between selected determinants of household food security and months of adequate household food provisioning, and a linear regression to measure the association between the same determinants and women’s dietary diversity score.ResultsThe analyses found that land ownership, adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) 0.28 (CI 0.18, 0.42); relative wealth (middle tertile 0.49 (0.29, 0.84) and top tertile 0.18 (0.10, 0.33)); women’s literacy 0.64 (0.46, 0.90); access to media 0.49 (0.33, 0.72); and women’s freedom to access the market 0.56 (0.36, 0.85) all significantly reduced the risk of food insecurity. Larger households increased the risk of food insecurity, adjusted RRR 1.46 (CI 1.02, 2.09). Households with vegetable gardens 0.20 (0.11, 0.31), rich households 0.46 (0.24, 0.68) and literate women 0.37 (0.20, 0.54) were significantly more likely to have better dietary diversity scores.ConclusionHousehold food insecurity remains a key public health problem in Bangladesh, with households suffering food shortages for an average of one quarter of the year. Simple survey and analytical methods are able to identify numerous interlinked factors associated with household food security, but wealth and literacy were the only two determinants associated with both improved food security and dietary diversity. We cannot conclude whether improvements in all determinants are necessarily needed to improve household food security, but new and existing policies that relate to these determinants should be designed and monitored with the knowledge that they could substantially influence the food security and nutritional status of the population.

Women's Economic Autonomy, Education, and Experience of Domestic Violence Are Associated with Household Food Security among Pregnant Women in MINIMat Study in Bangladesh

Low food security is highly prevalent in Bangladesh. Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of food insecurity on maternal and child health and nutrition. While socioeconomic status (SES) is a known determinant of food security, limited evidence is available on how women's economic autonomy, education, and experience of domestic violence are associated with food security. We aimed to quantify how these measures were associated with food security after accounting for SES. We used data from 3870 pregnant women from the Maternal and Infant Nutrition Intervention (MINIMat) study in Matlab, Bangladesh. We performed multiple linear regression analysis with full information maximum likelihood to account for missing data assumed to be missing at random on household food security scores that were based on a context‐specific questionnaire developed for Bangladesh. SES, women's age, education, lifetime experience of domestic violence, and household economic autonomy were significant determinants of household food security (p<0.05). One standard deviation (SD) higher SES, education, and economic autonomy corresponded to 0.46, 0.07, and 0.08 SD higher food security, respectively. One SD higher domestic violence score was associated with a 0.06 SD lower food security. These results suggest that empowering women can increase food security even if SES does not improve. Understanding how to empower women in their context is essential to designing effective food‐security interventions.

Determinants of Household Food Security among Southwest Ethiopia Rural Households

Aim of this study was to analyze determinants of household food security in Mana woreda of Jimma zone. As a specific objective, this study assessed food security status, identified determinants of food security and analyzed range of coping strategies practiced by food insecure households in the study area. Purposive sampling technique was used to select both Jimma Zone and Mana woreda. For this study a total of 70 households were selected randomly followed by probability proportional to sampling technique from two kebeles'. Both primary and secondary data were collected for this study. Primary data were collected by direct interview of sample respondents; whereas, secondary data were also collected from published and unpublished documents. Household caloric acquisition was employed to measure household food security in the study area. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Regression model was used to reveal the effect of different variables on household food security. Accordingly, 42.9% and 57.1% households were found to be food insecure food secure respectively. Out of nine explanatory variables, educational status of household head, family size, use of farm input and number of oxen owned by households were found to be significant at less than 10% probability level. Sale of livestock, borrow grains and cash from relative and reduce size of meal were identified at initial stage as first, second and third choice ;whereas, escaping of meal, ate less preferred food and reduce size of meal were also identified at severe stage as first, second and third choice in which food insecure households practiced during food shortage. To improve household food security, the farmer should use their oxen for cultivation purpose, use family planning and allocate their income for all expenditure; and the woreda education office together with minister of education should provide adult learning program to reduce illiteracy.

DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EASTERN AND WESTERN INDONESIA

Indonesian Food Security Council in 2009 issued a Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which stated that there were 100 districts in Indonesia which were most vulnerable to food insecurity and 79% of which were located in eastern region. By using Susenas regular data in 2008, this study aimed to analyze determinants of household food security in eastern compared to western region. The ordered logistic regression model was employed to investigate the determinants of household food security. The result showed that most of households in Indonesia were vulnerable to food insecurity (41.76%). The percentage in eastern region (48.56%) was higher than that in western region (41.76%). Increase in expenditure equivalent, age and education level of household head, female household head, small household size, household head’s occupation in non-agriculture and urban household would increase the probability of a household to become food secure in both regions. The difference was in the factor of access to electricity in eastern and access to safe drinking water and loan in western region. Policies which aim to increase education, credit access, and intensive family planning have big roles in improving household food security.

DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EASTERN AND WESTERN INDONESIA

Indonesian Food Security Council in 2009 issued a Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which stated that there were 100 districts in Indonesia which were most vulnerable to food insecurity and 79% of which were located in eastern region. By using Susenas regular data in 2008, this study aimed to analyze determinants of household food security in eastern compared to western region. The ordered logistic regression model was employed to investigate the determinants of household food security. The result showed that most of households in Indonesia were vulnerable to food insecurity (41.76%). The percentage in eastern region (48.56%) was higher than that in western region (41.76%). Increase in expenditure equivalent, age and education level of household head, female household head, small household size, household head’s occupation in non-agriculture and urban household would increase the probability of a household to become food secure in both regions. The difference was in the factor of access to electricity in eastern and access to safe drinking water and loan in western region. Policies which aim to increase education, credit access, and intensive family planning have big roles in improving household food security.