Determination Of Fruit Research Articles

Determination of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Structure and Preferences of Households in Urban and Rural Areas: A Sample of Tuşba District of Van Province

Araştırmada, Van ili Tuşba ilçesinde kentsel ve kırsal alanda yaşayan hanelerin meyve-sebze tüketim yapısı ve tercihlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana materyalini, Tuşba ilçesi kentsel (180) ve kırsal alanda (92) ikamet eden ve oransal örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 272 haneden toplanan anket verileri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans dağılımı ve çapraz tablolar kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ankete katılan hanehalkı bireylerinin; %79.4’ü erkek, %20.6’ı kadın, ortalama yaşı 41.04 yıl, %37.9’u ilkokul mezunu ve ortalama hanehalkı genişliği 5.7 kişidir. Kentsel alandaki hanelerin; %80.6’sının, kırsal alandaki hanelerin ise %84.8’inin düzenli olarak meyve-sebze satın aldıkları, kentsel alandaki hanelerin aylık ortalama 521.47 TL, kırsal alandaki hanelerin ise 360.08 TL meyve-sebze tüketim harcaması yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Kentsel ve kırsal alanda en fazla tüketimi yapılan sebze grubu yumrulu sebzeler iken, en fazla tüketimi yapılan meyve grubu ise yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kentsel alanda hanelerin %55.0’inin, kırsal alanda ise hanelerin %79.3’ünün yeterli düzeyde meyve-sebze tüketmedikleri ve meyve-sebze satın alırken en fazla önem verilen faktörün “sağlık açısından güvenilir olmak”, en az önem verilen faktörün ise “ürün etiketleme” olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Development and validation of an effective and sensitive technique for nitrate determination in fruits and vegetables using HPLC/PDA.

This study aims to develop an effective and sensitive HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) method to determine the nitrate concentration in fruits and vegetables (F & V) using a C18 column (ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18, 80Å, 250 × 4.6mm, 5μm (Agilent Technologies)) maintained at 40 0C, a mobile phase made up of methanol and buffer (pentane sulfonic acid sodium salt solution), and a Photo Diode Array Detector (PDA) at 225nm. The developed method is validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, suitability, the limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantification (LOQ) according to the European Union Decision 2002/657/EC. The result revealed that a ratio of 30: 70 of the organic modifier methanol and buffer with pH 2.8 shows the highest efficiency. The calibration curve shows linearity with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9985. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 2.26mg/kg and 7.46mg/kg. The recovery was in the range of 98.96-100.21%. Moreover, the greenness assessment scores of different approaches (eco-scale score of 76, AGREE score of 0.71, and few red shades in GAPI portray) were at a very excellent level. Thus, our developed method is fully validated and can determine the nitrate content in F & V.

Determination of Fruit, Leaf and Stomata Characteristics of Culture and Wild Jujuba (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Genotypes Grown in Şanlıurfa Conditions

Bu araştırma, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nin kurak ve yarı-kurak ekolojik koşullarına sahip Şanlıurfa ilinde iki ayrı bahçede yetiştirilen hünnap (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) genotiplerinin meyve, yaprak ve stoma özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2021 yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada incelenen hünnap genotiplerinde meyve ağırlığı 2.78-20.28 g, meyve boyu 21.77-39.47 mm ve meyve eni 18.62-37.23 mm, yaprak alanı 3.11-7.01 cm2, yaprak eni 1.31-2.65 cm ve yaprak boyu ise 3.29-5.09 cm arasında belirlenmiştir. Hünnap genotiplerinde stoma sayıları 323.30 adet mm-2 (kültür hünnap)-333.31 adet mm-2 (yabani hünnap), ortalama stoma boyu ve eni değerleri ise sırasıyla 27.22 (yabani hünnap)-28.00 µm (kültür hünnap) ve 18.21 (yabani hünnap)-20.05 µm (kültür hünnap) arasında tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlara göre daha küçük yaprak alanına sahip olan yabani hünnap genotipinin stoma sayısı, stoma eni ve boyu değerlerinin istatistiksel olarak kültür hünnap genotipinden farklılık göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Bu bakımdan, birim alandaki stoma yoğunluğunun diğer türlere göre daha fazla olması nedeniyle, hünnap bitkisinin kurak ve yarı-kurak ekolojilerde ağaçlandırma çalışmalarında başarılı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

The Effects of a Multi-Component School-Based Nutrition Education Intervention on Children's Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Intake.

Evidence suggests that multi-component school-based health-promoting interventions have great potential to improve children’s fruit and vegetable intake. However, interventions that combine classroom-based curricula with experiential learning strategies (e.g., cooking) are relatively seldom described. This study investigates the short-term and longer-term effects of a multi-component school-based nutrition education intervention combining classroom-based and experiential learning strategies on children’s determinants of their fruit and vegetable intake (knowledge, taste preferences, attitudes, and intention). Using a comparative quasi-experimental study design, data were collected, via child-reported questionnaires, at the baseline, directly after the intervention, and three months after the intervention from 4 control and 15 intervention classes from Dutch primary schools. A total of 192 children in grades three and four (aged 8–10 years) constituted the participants. After correction for the baseline, sex, age, and the fruit or vegetable product assessed in the questionnaire; the intervention group showed a significant increase in knowledge (p = 0.001; standardized effect size (ES = 0.60), taste preference (p = 0.002; ES = 0.52), attitude towards the assessed fruit or vegetable product (p = 0.004; ES = 0.48), and general attitude towards healthy products (p = 0.01; ES = 0.39) over the short term, when compared to the control group. The effects of the intervention did not continue to be significant over the longer term. The findings implicate short-term intervention success, although more research and intervention adaptations are recommended to increase the impact of such programs, especially over the long term.

Method Development and Validation of Gas Chromatography Methods using Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector (GC-NPD) and Isotope Dilution Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (GC-IDMS/MS) for the Determination of Chlorpyrifos in Mango

Pesticides residue determination in fruits like chlorpyrifos is important due to its health effects on humans. Thus, there is a need for sensitive and accurate methods for better quantification. In this study, the performance of two gas chromatographic detection methods, nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC-NPD) and isotope dilution triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-IDMS/MS), for the determination of chlorpyrifos in mango was evaluated to be used for the development of candidate reference material. Other than liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), Quick, Easy, Cheap, Efficient, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) sample extraction and dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) clean-up procedures were optimized to extract chlorpyrifos from the sample matrix. Comprehensive method validations were performed in GC-NPD and GC-IDMS/MS with HP-5 capillary column to establish linearity, the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision using freeze-dried mango samples. The LOD and LOQ were 2.35 and 3.47 µg kg-1 for GC-NPD, and 1.23 and 1.85 µg kg-1 for GC-IDMS/MS, respectively. Matrix-matched calibration curves showed excellent linearity of r2=0.999 for both GC-NPD and GC-IDMS/MS protocols. Acceptable repeatability was obtained for three spike concentrations of 10, 30, and 60 µg kg-1 (n=10) and intermediate precision for 0.5-, 1- and 3-months in the same three-spike concentrations (n=3) expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 0.34-5.61 % for GC-NPD and 0.46-4.22 % for GC-IDMS/MS. Satisfactory mean recoveries (n=10) were achieved: 88.48-109.81% in GC-NPD and 97.61-108.40% in GC-IDMS/MS. GC-IDMS/MS and GC-NPD methods were fit for the purpose of quantifying chlorpyrifos in Philippine mango accurately with the use of isotope dilution technique and traceability to international standards by the application of gravimetric sample preparation.

Development and Validation of an Effective and Sensitive Technique for Nitrate Determination in Fruits and Vegetables Using Hplc/Pda

Development and Validation of an Effective and Sensitive Technique for Nitrate Determination in Fruits and Vegetables Using Hplc/Pda

Determinants of Fruits and Vegetables Consumption among In-School Adolescents in Ghana

Background: Fruit and vegetable consumption is an important source of nutrients for healthy growth and development, as well as a protective factor against chronic non-communicable diseases. Paucity of data exists on adolescents’ fruit and vegetable consumption in Ghana. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among in-school adolescents in Ghana. Methods: Data for this study were extracted from the 2012 Global School-Based Health Survey. A cross-sectional analysis on 2786 in-school adolescents from junior and senior high schools was conducted. Descriptive analyses using frequencies and percentages were used to present the results on the prevalence of fruit and vegetable consumption. Multivariable binomial regression analysis was performed to determine the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and explanatory variables. The results of the regression analyses were presented using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with their respective confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of adequate fruits, adequate vegetables, and adequate fruit and vegetable consumption were 35.7%, 26.8%, and 27.8%, respectively. In-school male adolescents had lower odds of adequate fruit and vegetable consumption compared to female adolescents (aOR = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.51–0.82). Adolescents in senior high schools (aOR = 0.36, 95%CI = 0.22–0.61) were less likely to consume adequate fruits and vegetables compared to those in junior high schools. The odds of adequate fruit and vegetable consumption were higher among adolescents who consumed soft drinks (aOR = 3.29, 95%CI = 2.42–4.46), fast foods (aOR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.13–1.77), and those who had sedentary behavior (aOR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.07–1.77). Conclusions: The findings revealed that fruit and vegetable consumption among Ghanaian adolescents is relatively low. Sex of adolescents, grade, soft drink intake, fast food consumption, and sedentary behavior were factors associated with adequate fruit and vegetable consumption. Health promotion interventions to scale up fruit and vegetable consumption should pay attention to the factors identified in this study.

Determinants of fruits, vegetables, and ultra-processed foods consumption among infants.

The objective was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual determinants on infant's consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV), and ultra-processed foods (UPF). The data was obtained from the Survey of Prevalence of Breastfeeding in Brazilian Municipalities, 2008. A representative sample of 14,326 infants 6-11.9 months old, from seventy-five municipalities of São Paulo state was evaluated. The influence of determinants on FV and UPF consumption was analyzed using Poisson multilevel regression. Mother's educational level and maternal age had positive dose-response effect for the consumption of FV (p trend < 0.001) and negative for UPF (p trend < 0.001). Infants of multiparous women and those who received outpatient care in public medical system showed lower prevalence of FV (p < 0.001 for both) and higher prevalence of UPF (respectively, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001). Moreover, the contextual variable related to population size indicated that the prevalence of consumption of FV decreased (p < 0.001) and UPF increased (p = 0.081) with decreased population size. Therefore, infants born to women with low education levels, who received outpatient care in the public health network, and who reside in small municipalities should be prioritized for educational programs related to feeding practices.

Colorimetric Analytical Probe for Determination of Formaldehyde and its Validation using a Single Reagent

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of formaldehyde is proposed involving Terbutaline sulphate with the formation of yellow coloured product with absorption maximum at 460 nm in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid (strength = 36 N) is proposed. The method lies in a calibration range from 0.038 to 0.76 μg ml-1 and molar absorptivity 2.6 × 104 M-1 cm-1. The method has been validated with a Phloroglucinol method in its determination in Fruits, Vegetable and Water bodies.

Investigating Factors Effect on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: Applying Social Cognitive Theory

Introduction: Regular fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the preventative indicators for the development of obesity, disorders, and diseases. This study aimed to identify the determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption based on social cognitive theory (SCT) among first-grade high school female students. Results: The mean (SD) score daily fruit and vegetable intakes were 3.43 () and 2.30 () units per day, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that environmental factors (β= 0.165, p= 0.009) and behavioral skills (β= 0.152, p= 0.025) have a significant effect on fruit consumption score. Behavioral skills (β= 0.151, p= 0.022) and social support (β= 0.143, p= 0.049) have significant effect on vegetables consumption score, the constructs of SCT explained 71% of the variances in fruit consumption and 9.8% of the variances in vegetable consumption. Mother's job (p= 0.032) and family income (p= 0.024) have a significant effect on fruit and vegetables consumption. Conclusion: Fruit and vegetable intakes were less than the WHO recommended level. Therefore, attention to environmental factors, behavioral skills, and social support is suggested.

Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Malaysia

The present study examines the factors affecting fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in Malaysia. A nationally representative data that consists of a large sample size is used. Hence, the findings can provide inferential information. A lognormal hurdle model is used to estimate the consumption decision and amount decision of FV across ethnic groups. The results suggest that household size, income, gender, marital status, age and education play significant roles in FV consumption. The probability of consuming FV and amount spent increase with household size. Higher income earners are more likely to consume FV than lower income earners. Being male and unmarried seem to reduce the consumption likelihood and amount spent. Compared to younger household heads, older household heads have a higher tendency to consume FV. In terms of policy implication, an intervention measure directed toward increasing FV consumption should focus particularly on those who are associated with low FV consumption. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2020-1802-03

Determinants of Fruits and Vegetable Intake Among International Students in China

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background :&lt;/strong&gt; Adverse health impacts of poor diet among the youth have become a subject of key concern for researchers and health professionals. Recently, studies proposed social norms and perceived as determinants of nutritional behavior among students. Empirical results from other literature evidenced the hypothesis that fruits and vegetable intake in students is affected by other perceived benefits. The objective of the study is to examine the role of social norms, perceived barriers and perceived benefits in fruits and vegetable intake among oversea students in China.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method and Material : &lt;/strong&gt;The subjects of the study include 411 foreign students in China with a structured questionnaire regarding perceived barriers, social norms and perceived benefits of fruits and vegetables intake. Hypotheses were practically tested and confirmed through Structural Equation Modeling.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings &lt;/strong&gt;: The findings of the study show standardized estimates of the consumption of fruits and vegetable indicators among international students in China. Factor loading regarding path analysis clearly indicates that perceived barriers and social norms would cause a decline of fruits and vegetable intake while perceived benefits will help enhance fruits and vegetable intake.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion : &lt;/strong&gt;The study concludes that, nutritional education programs targeting student groups should be encouraged for a positive behavior change and transformation of group norms and adherence to fruit and vegetable consumption.&lt;/p&gt;

FP4 Power-Up with Produce Supported Some Changes in Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Rural Elementary Students

Objective Using athletes that children value to model eating fruit and vegetables (FV) could be an effective tool to increase FV consumption. The objective was to evaluate a nutrition intervention with athlete mentors aimed at increasing student preferences, knowledge of FV and decreasing FV neophobias. Description Eleven rural Indiana elementary schools were recruited into five strata and randomly assigned to control (n = 6) or intervention (n = 5) in a cluster RCT. Intervention students received an assembly featuring college athlete mentors, a tasting session, followed by six different videos ( Students completed Qualtrics surveys to assess FV familiarity, preferences, knowledge, and habits in September 2017 (pre), May 2018 (post-one), and September 2018 (post-two). Interactions between groups over time were compared using linear mixed models with random effects for school, class; α = 0.050. Evaluation FV preferences for control students (CON) decreased more than intervention students (INT) from pre- to post-one (P = .016), with no difference between groups from post-one to post-two (P = .118) and pre- to post-two (P = .482). Vegetable neophobias decreased from pre to post-two in INT vs. CON (P = .019), although overall treatment x time interaction was only marginally significant (P = .064). Food group knowledge increased from pre to post-one in INT vs. CON (P = .001) and maintained at post-two (P = .050). FV plate fraction knowledge marginally improved for INT from pre- to post-one (P = .066) and increased from pre- to post-two (P = .005). There were no differences in FV familiarity, frequency, variety, fruit neophobias, trying new FV, and being able to select high nutrient dense FV-containing foods. Conclusions and Implications The intervention to improve FV nutrition produced benefits in some, but not all, outcomes. Some improvements in nutritional attitudes and knowledge creates optimism that this program may enhance student nutrition. Program benefits may be enhanced with additional attention to components that support variety, frequency, familiarity, and comfort in trying FV. Grant Year 2016

Sand as a solid support in ultrasound-assisted MSPD: A simple, green and low-cost method for multiresidue pesticide determination in fruits and vegetables

Sand was studied as a solid support in ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (UA–MSPD) for the extraction of different pesticide classes, including organophosphates, carbamates, triazoles and pyrethroids from fruits and vegetables, with determination by GC–MS and LC–MS/MS. The performance of sand was compared with that of different types of classic solid supports and alternative natural materials from renewable sources. The best results were obtained using 0.5 g sample, 1 g sand as a solid support, 20 mg activated charcoal and 5 mL ethyl acetate as elution solvent. Recoveries ranged from 55 to 140% with an RSD ≤ 20%. LOQs varied from 0.005 to 0.5 mg kg−1 for all analytes. Thiamethoxam, captan, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and pyrimethanil were found in strawberry samples at concentrations from 0.01 to 0.06 mg kg−1. Acephate and tebuconazole were found in a tomato sample at concentrations of 0.45 and 0.30 mg kg−1, respectively. The method developed was efficient, simple, cheap, robust, and environmentally friendly.

How to promote fruits, vegetables, and berries intake among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care? A self-determination theory perspective.

The results of this study showed the importance of autonomous motivation for healthy eating. Autonomous motivation and female gender were the determinants most strongly associated with fruits, vegetables, and berries intake among patients with type 2 diabetes. Other determinants of fruits, vegetables, and berries intake were high education, high social support, high age, and a strong sense of coherence. Autonomous motivation and self-care competence mediated the effect of perceived autonomy support from a physician on fruits, vegetables, and berries intake. Thus, physicians can promote patients’ fruits, vegetables, and berries intake by supporting their autonomous motivation and self-care competence. The results are in line with self-determination theory.

Determinants of Fruit and Vegetables Intake among Secondary School Pupils in the City of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso): A Cross-Sectional Study

According to WHO, eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day at an early age is protective against cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine among secondary school pupils in the city of Bobo-Dioulasso, the level of observation of this recommendation and the associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from March to April 2016, among secondary school pupils in 1st Form, 4th Form and 7th Form of public and private secondary schools. The diet survey methods were the recalling of the last 24 hours associated with intake frequency questionnaire. An intake of less than one fruit (or a slice of a big fruit) per day and for vegetables, less than one portion of raw or cooked vegetables per day was considered insufficient. Results: A total of 1993 pupils were surveyed. The mean age was 17.5 ± 3.6 years and the sex ratio 0.7; 75.4% and 90.0% of pupils had insufficient daily intake of fruit and vegetables respectively. The determinants of this consumption deficiency were: Sex (male, OR = 1.7 (1.3 - 2.2)), secondary school (public, OR = 1.6 (1.3 - 2.0)), class (4th Form, OR = 2.5 (1.5 - 4.2)/7th Form, OR = 3.7 (2.7 - 5.1)), the mother (thin build, OR = 3.2 (2.0 - 5.3)/overweight/obesity, OR = 2.8 (1.6 - 4.7)) and physical inactivity (OR = 1.5 (1.2 - 2.0)). Conclusion: The promotion of a healthy diet among secondary school pupils should take into account the type of school, sex, educational level, physical activity and mothers’ influence.

Knowledge and Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adults in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that a person consumes at least 400g of Fruit and Vegetable (FV) daily to prevent chronic disease risk. We assessed knowledge of current WHO guidelines and other determinants of FV intake among adults (? 18 years, n = 397) in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire adopted from &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;WHO Risk Factor Surveillance System were undertaken. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Knowledge of FV daily servings and determinants of intake were evaluated by descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. There was a 99.2% response rate with approximately 9&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;% &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;of participants correctly stating the WHO daily recommended amount (P &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;=&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;296&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;. Most (54%) of respondents’ FV intake was affected by unavailability of desired choice (&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;P &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;=&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; .050)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;. Odds of inadequate consumption for persons aware of adequate intake amount was 1.97 (95% CI: 0.64, 6.05, P = .234) higher than persons without awareness. Participants with problems accessing their desired choice of FV had 0.59 odds (95% CI: 0.36, 0.95, P = .030) of consuming inadequate amount compared to those with easy access. Adequate FV intake depends on availability of consumer prefered choice regardless of knowledge of recommendations. Individual home based FV cultivation is relevant for availability of preferred choice and adequate consumption for NCDs risk reductions among Ghanaians.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Chemometric-assisted QuEChERS extraction method for post-harvest pesticide determination in fruits and vegetables

An effective analysis method was developed based on a chemometric tool for the simultaneous quantification of five different post-harvest pesticides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), carbendazim, thiabendazole, iprodione, and prochloraz) in fruits and vegetables. In the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method, the factors and responses for optimization of the extraction and cleanup analyses were compared using the Plackett–Burman (P–B) screening design. Furthermore, the significant factors (toluene percentage, hydrochloric acid (HCl) percentage, and graphitized carbon black (GCB) amount) were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) combined with Derringer’s desirability function (DF). The limits of quantification (LOQs) were estimated to be 1.0 μg/kg for 2,4-D, carbendazim, thiabendazole, and prochloraz, and 1.5 μg/kg for iprodione in food matrices. The mean recoveries were in the range of 70.4–113.9% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 16.9% at three spiking levels. The measurement uncertainty of the analytical method was determined using the bottom-up approach, which yielded an average value of 7.6%. Carbendazim was most frequently found in real samples analyzed using the developed method. Consequently, the analytical method can serve as an advantageous and rapid tool for determination of five preservative pesticides in fruits and vegetables.

Curricular activities and change in determinants of fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents: Results from the Boost intervention.

Knowledge of the association between implementation of different intervention components and the determinants they are tailored to change may contribute to evaluating the effects and working mechanisms of multi-component interventions. This study examined 1) the effect of a Danish multi-component school-based intervention (2010 − 2011) on key determinants of adolescents' fruit and vegetable intake and 2) if dose of curricular activities was positively associated with change in these determinants. Using multi-level linear and logistic regression analyses stratified by gender and socioeconomic position, we analyzed survey data from the cluster-randomized Boost study targeting Danish 13-year-olds' fruit and vegetable intake. We examined 1) differences in knowledge of recommendations, taste preferences and situational norms between students from 20 intervention (n = 991) and 20 control (n = 915) schools at follow-up; and 2) associations between curriculum dose received and delivered (student and teacher data aggregated to school- and class-level) and these determinants among students at intervention schools only. At follow-up, more students from intervention than control schools knew the recommendation for vegetable intake (OR 1.56, CI:1.18, 2.06) and number of fruits liked (taste preferences) increased by 0.22 (CI:0.04, 0.41). At class-level, curriculum dose received was positively associated with proportion of students knowing the recommendation for vegetable intake (OR 1.06, CI:1.002, 1.13). In stratified analyses, this association was only significant among students from high social class (OR 1.17, CI:1.04, 1.31). The Boost intervention succeeded in improving students' taste preferences for fruit and knowledge of recommendation for vegetable intake, but only the latter determinant was positively associated with curriculum dose.Trial registration: ISRCTN11666034

Use of Athlete Heroes to Improve Determinants of Fruit- and Vegetable-Eating Behaviors of School Children

Use of Athlete Heroes to Improve Determinants of Fruit- and Vegetable-Eating Behaviors of School Children