Determinants Of Aggressive Behavior Research Articles

Prevalence and determinants of aggressive behavior among adults with problematic substance use in Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundThe recent WHO data reported that a high treatment gap for behavioral illnesses (70%) in low- and- middle-income countries and the mortality rate of aggressive behavior reaches up to 32.1 per 100,000 populations in the region. However, the magnitude of aggressive behavior is not well stated in resource-limited settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinant factors of aggressive behavior among adults with problematic substance use in northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was employed from January to March 2019. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to screen a total of 4028 adults for problematic substance use by using the Cutdown, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye-opener questionnaire (CAGE AID). Finally, 838 participants were positive for problematic substance use and interviewed for aggressive behavior using a modified overt aggression scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to show the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. A multilevel binary logistic regressions model was employed for the hierarchical structure of two-level data for the individual and woreda/district levels.ResultsThe prevalence of aggressive behavior was found to be 37.9% (301/795, 95% CI: 34.5, 41.3). Stressful life events (AOR = 2.209, 95 CI; 1.423, 3.429), family history of mental illness (AOR = 4.038, 95 CI; 2.046, 7.971), comorbid physical illness (AOR = 2.01, 95 CI; 1.332, 3.032) and depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.342, 95 CI; 1.686, 3.253) were associated with aggressive behavior among individual with problem substance use.ConclusionAggressive behavior was found to be high among problematic substance uses. An individual with problematic substance use is recommended to be screened by health extension workers for aggressive behavior at the community level.

Expression of CD133 and CD24 and their different phenotypes in urinary bladder carcinoma.

Introduction: Several lines of evidence suggest the contribution of cancer stem cells (CSCs) to the tumorigenicity of bladder cancer. Although CD133 and CD24 CSC biomarkers are associated with survival disadvantages in some cancers, the biological attributes of a specific tumor alters the expression of these markers and any associated phenotypic characteristics.Aim: To analyze CD133 and CD24 expression and their different phenotypes in urinary bladder carcinoma.Material and methods: Expression of CD133 and CD24 and their divergent phenotypes were analyzed in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma (n=60) and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.Results: CD133+ and CD24+ tumor cells were more frequent in high grade, less differentiated carcinomas (18/22, and 15/17, p=0.022 and 0.01, respectively), muscle invasive tumors (20/22, p=0.017 and 17/17, p=0.001, respectively), and tumors with advanced stage (p=0.001 and 0.007, respectively). The expression of CD24 slightly correlated with lymphovascular invasion (p=0.04), whereas CD133 was associated with distant metastasis. The CD133+ CD24+ phenotype exhibited more aggressive tumorigenic behavior than other phenotypes.Conclusion: CD133+ and CD24+ cells correlated with determinants of aggressive behavior and may be involved in tumor progression and distant metastasis. The CD133+ subpopulation is likely to have a more potent tumorigenic capacity. Although divergent, the strong correlation between the two populations may support phenotypic plasticity among them. Compared to the CD133+ CD24− and CD133− CD24+ phenotypes, the CD133+ CD24+ phenotype is the most aggressive. These putative biomarkers can potentially aid in the selection of high-risk patients for more aggressive targeted therapy.

Профілактика агресивної поведінки у танцювальному дуеті

Olena Gant , Serhii Tkachov & Eduard Valiuh Purpose: to study the features of aggression and the main directions of prevention of aggressive forms of behavior, among athletes engaged in sports dancing in the preliminary basic training. Material & Methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, Personal aggressiveness and conflictness. Result s : a theoretical analysis of the problem of aggressive behavior in sports dance duets. Level of aggressiveness of athletes of sports dances at the stage of preliminary basic training is determined. Reasons for the formation of aggressive behavior among young athletes are revealed. Areas of preventive and psychocorrectional work with aggressive athletes are singled out. Conclusion: a high level of aggression was detected in 19 (31 , 67%) of the study participants. Determinants of aggressive behavior in sport ballroom pair appear particularly family upbringing style and pedagogical activity of the trainer. Correction of aggressive behavior of young athletes should have a complex systemic character and take into account the main characterological features of aggressive athletes.

Determinants of aggressive behavior: Interactive effects of emotional regulation and inhibitory control.

Aggressive behavior can be defined as any behavior intended to hurt another person, and it is associated with many individual and social factors. This study examined the relationship between emotional regulation and inhibitory control in predicting aggressive behavior. Seventy-eight participants (40 males) completed self-report measures (Negative Mood Regulation Scale and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire), a stop signal task, and engaged in a modified version of Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) exercise, in which the outcome was used as a measure of direct physical aggression. We used a hierarchical, mixed-model multiple regression analysis test to examine the effects of emotion regulation and inhibitory control on physical reactive aggression. Results indicated an interaction between emotion regulation and inhibitory control on aggression. For participants with low inhibitory control only, there was a significant difference between high and low emotion regulation on aggression, such that low emotion regulation participants registered higher aggression than high emotion regulation participants. This difference was not found among participants with high inhibitory control. These results have implications for refining and targeting training and rehabilitation programs aimed at reducing aggressive behavior.

ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ АГРЕССИВНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ

ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ АГРЕССИВНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ

A personalidade agressiva nos pré-adolescentes: um estudo empírico

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Aggressive behaviour of inpatients with acquired brain injury

To study the prevalence, nature and determinants of aggression among inpatients with acquired brain injury. Patients with acquired brain injury often have difficulty in controlling their aggressive impulses. A prospective observational study design. By means of the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised, the prevalence, nature and severity of aggressive behaviour of inpatients with acquired brain injury was assessed on a neuropsychiatric treatment ward with 45 beds. Additional data on patient-related variables were gathered from the patients' files. In total, 388 aggressive incidents were recorded over 17 weeks. Of a total of 57 patients included, 24 (42%) patients had engaged in aggressive behaviour on one or more occasions. A relatively small proportion of patients (n=8; 14%) was found to be responsible for the majority of incidents (n=332; 86%). The vast majority of aggression incidents (n=270; 70%) were directly preceded by interactions between patients and nursing staff. In line with this, most incidents occurred at times of high contact intensity. Aggressive behaviour was associated with male gender, length of stay at the ward, legal status and hypoxia as the cause of brain injury. Aggression was found to be highly prevalent among inpatients with acquired brain injury. The results suggest that for the prevention of aggression on the ward, it may be highly effective to develop individually tailored interventions for the subgroup with serious aggression problems. Insight into the frequency, nature and determinants of aggressive behaviour in inpatients with acquired brain injury provides nurses with tools for the prevention and treatment of aggressive behaviour.

Development of the Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) for Dutch forensic psychiatric inpatients with an antisocial personality disorder

The Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) has been developed to evaluate inpatient treatment programs designed to reduce aggressive behavior in Dutch forensic psychiatric patients with an antisocial personality disorder, who are “placed at the disposal of the government”. The scale should have the sensitivity to measure changes in the possible determinants of aggressive behavior, such as limited control of displayed negative emotions (irritation, anger or rage) and a general deficiency of social skills. In developing the OSAB 40 items were selected from a pool of 82 and distributed among the following a priori scales: Irritation/anger, Anxiety/gloominess, Aggressive behavior, Antecedent (to aggressive behavior), Sanction (for aggressive behavior) and Social behavior. The internal consistency of these subscales was good, the inter-rater reliability was moderate to good, and the test–retest reliability over a two to three week period was moderate to good. The correlation between the subscales Irritation/anger, Anxiety/gloominess, Aggressive behavior, Antecedent, Sanction was substantial and significant, but the anticipated negative correlation between these subscales and the Social behavior subscale could not be shown. Relationships between the corresponding subscales of the OSAB and the FIOS, used to calculate concurrent validity, yielded relatively high correlations. The validity of the various OSAB subscales could be further supported by significant correlations with the PCL-R and by significant but weak correlations with corresponding subscales of the self-report questionnaires. The Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) seems to measure aggressive behavior in Dutch forensic psychiatric inpatients with an antisocial personality disorder reliably and validly. Contrary to expectations, a negative relationship was not found between aggressive and social behavior in either the OSAB or FIOS, which were used for calculating concurrent validity.

Prevalence, characteristics and causes of aggressive behaviour observed within a neurobehavioural rehabilitation service: Predictors and implications for management

Primary objective: To describe the characteristics and determinants of aggressive behaviour observed within a neurobehavioural unit.Research design: Statistical analysis of a database of routinely administered clinical measures, including the Overt Aggression Scale–Modified for Neurorehabilitation.Methods and procedures: Records of aggressive behaviour shown by 108 patients over 14 days were studied. Patient characteristics were also captured using 23 items from the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago–Functional Assessment Scale. Four factors were identified: ‘communication’, ‘cognition/function’, ‘neurobehavioural disability’ and ‘mood & self-esteem’. Relationships between patient characteristics, external factors and their interactions with aggression were examined.Main outcomes and results: Many (5548) episodes of aggression were recorded. Whilst most comprised verbal aggression, 729 physical assaults were made on others. Aggressive behaviour typically followed staff prompting or no obvious antecedent. Medical intervention was rare, most aggression was managed by staff not reinforcing this behaviour. Over 80% of physical assaults were made by people rated as having severe symptoms of neurobehavioural disability and poor communication.Conclusions: Neurobehavioural units require sufficient staff resources to engage patients in purposeful activities as these were associated with the least severe aggression. Despite increased OAS-MNR usage, a standardized methodology for investigating aggression is required to ensure compatibility between datasets.

Familial and temperamental determinants of aggressive behavior in adolescent boys: A causal analysis.

Familial and temperamental determinants of aggressive behavior in adolescent boys: A causal analysis.

Level of instigation and model similarity as determinants of aggressive behavior

Level of instigation and model similarity as determinants of aggressive behavior

SOCIALIZATION OF AGGRESSION AND THE PERCEPTION OF PARENTS IN FANTASY

Research on both the prediction and determinants of overt aggression in children has usually focused on the intensity of aggressive motivation as a major antecedent variable. For example, in studies attempting to predict overt aggression from related fantasy it has been usual practice to correlate a broad index of fantasy aggression with a category of overt aggressive behavior like fighting or delinquent activity. The implicit hypothesis seems to be that frequency of fantasy aggressive acts is an index of aggressive drive and should be positively correlated with occurrence of overt aggression. Most of these studies failed to find a positive and linear relation between these two variables (7, II, 15, I6). However, recent investigators (5, 9, 12, 13) have stressed that aggressive motives are conflictful and subject to inhibitory influences and they have attempted to measure the strength of these avoidance or inhibition tendencies. In these more recent studies evaluation of fantasy indices of aggression anxiety significantly improved the power of the fantasy behavior to predict occurrence of overt aggression. The present research utilized hypotheses concerning the child's acquisition of inhibitions on aggression to predict types of fantasy content that should be related to overt aggression in young boys. Current theorizing about the developmental determinants of aggressive behavior suggests that a perception of the parent as hostile and nongratifying influences the child's predisposition to aggressive behavior in two ways. It has been assumed that these conditions increase aggressive motivation and, in addition, are contrary to the conditions which motivate the learning of prohibitions on aggression. With respect to the latter, it is suggested that an important motive for the acquisition and practice of parental prohibitions on aggression is anxiety over anticipated loss of parental love. The more intense the anxiety over this anticipated loss the stronger will be the re-