Detection Of Catechol Research Articles

Fabrication of D–A–D type conducting polymer, carbon nanotubes and silica nanoparticle-based laccase biosensor for catechol detection

A sensing platform for catechol detection incorporating triple key materials based on SiNPs, D–A–D type conducting polymer, and MWCNTs.

Biosensing of catechol via amperometry using laccase immobilized nickel oxide/graphite modified screen-printed electrodes

In the present work, we have developed a modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE) based biosensor to detect catechol using nickel oxide/graphite (NiO/G) immobilized with laccase as bio-nanocomposite coating. The laccase immobilized NiO/G composite increased the effective Randles-Sevcik surface area from 0.034 cm2 to 0.083 cm2 compared to bare SPE, resulting in improved electrochemical activity and enhanced reversible catechol oxidation process. Impedance spectroscopic data for the modified SPE (MSPE) showed faster electron transfer than the bare counterpart suggesting the successful immobilization of the bio-nanocomposite onto the electrode surface. Consequently, the cyclic-voltammograms of laccase MSPE exhibited a sharp decrease in the peak-to-peak separation potential and an increase in the current responsiveness. We further, utilized the chronoamperometric method to quantify the catechol detection under optimal conditions, and found a linear biosensor response over the concentration region of 1–100 µM. The sensor's lower detection limit, response time, and sensitivity towards catechol were found to be 65 nM, 3 s, and 1.51 µAµM-1cm−2, respectively. These results suggest that the laccase immobilized NiO/G MSPE as one of the most promising customized electrodes for catechol biosensing.

Facile Pretreatment of Three-Dimensional Graphene through Electrochemical Polarization for Improved Electrocatalytic Performance and Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Catechol and Hydroquinone.

Three-dimensional graphene (3DG) with macroporous structure has great potential in the field of electroanalysis owing to a large active area, excellent electron mobility and good mass transfer. However, simple and low-cost preparation of 3DG electrodes with high electrocatalytic ability is still a challenge. Here, a fast and convenient electrochemical polarization method is established to pretreat free-standing 3DG (p-3DG) to offer high electrocatalytic ability. 3DG with monolithic and macroporous structure prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is applied as the starting electrode. Electrochemical polarization is performed using electrochemical oxidation (anodization) at high potential (+6 V) followed with electrochemical reduction (cathodization) at low potential (−1 V), leading to exposure of edge of graphene and introduction of oxygen-containing groups. The as-prepared p-3DG displays increased hydrophilicity and improved electrocatalytic ability. As a proof of concept, p-3DG was used to selective electrochemical detection of two isomers of benzenediol, hydroquinone (p-BD) and catechol (o-BD). In comparison with initial 3DG, p-3DG exhibits increased reversibility of redox reaction, improved peak current and good potential resolution with high potential separation between p-BD and o-BD. Individual or selective determination of p-BD or o-BD in single substance solution or binary mixed solution is realized. Real analysis of pond water is also achieved.

Low cost, trouble-free disposable pencil graphite electrode sensor for the simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol

This work proposes, one of the simplest methods for the modification of pencil graphite electrode (PGE) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The electrochemical modification (pre-treatment) of the PGE was carried out in 0.1 M NaOH using CV technique by applying a potential in between −0.4 V and 1.4 V. In the presence of phosphate buffer (scan rate-50 mV s-1, 0.2 M, pH ∼ 7.4), the active surface of the pre-treated pencil graphite electrode exhibits improved sensing properties towards the determination of catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ) with improved sensitivity and reproducibility. Sensing characteristics were evaluated under various experimental conditions (scan rate, analyte concentration, interference study & pH variation) for HQ and CC using pre-treated pencil graphite electrode (PPGE). Scan rate dependent sensing study shows that the electrode process is diffusion-controlled at the modified electrode. The pre-treated pencil graphite electrode showed the lower detection limits for HQ and CC is 0.85 μM & 0.59 μM respectively with a wide linear range (HQ: 0.4 to 1.2 × 10−4 M, CC: 0.1 × 10−4 M to 0.7 × 10−4 M). Experimented pre-treated pencil graphite electrode was used and tested for the water from house hold tap which also showed high sensitivity towards HQ and CC.

In-situ reducing platinum nanoparticles on covalent organic framework as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of catechol, hydroquinone and resorcinol

In this present work, a COF based electrochemical sensor is successfully fabricated by employing TFPB-BD-COF prepared through condensation reaction of 1, 3, 5-tris-(4-formylphenyl) benzene (TFPB) and benzidine (BD), in-situ reduced platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and amino functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NH2-MWCNTs) as modified materials for sensitive electrochemical determination of catechol (CC), hydroquinone (HQ) and resorcinol (RS) simultaneously. The obtained TFPB-BD-COF/PtNPs/NH2-MWCNTs/GCE exhibits superior electrochemical performance compared with those modified by individual components. The oxidation peaks of CC, HQ and RS show good linear response in the concentration ranges of 0.2–360 μM, 0.2–360 μM and 4–360 μM, respectively. The corresponding limits of detection (LODs) of CC, HQ and RS were 0.015 μM, 0.022 μM and 0.26 μM (S/N = 3). In addition, it possesses outstanding selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility and stability. The proposed modified electrode has been successfully applied for the determination of HQ, CC and RS in tap water, Yellow River water and domestic wastewater with satisfactory.

A comparative study on NiO nanocrystal modified graphite and Au electrode matrices as immobilization supports for laccase enzyme in amperometric biosensing for catechol detection

A comparative study of the electrochemical behaviours of two different electrode matrices used in the construction of amperometric laccase biosensors is reported here for catechol detection in water. The matrices considered are NiO nanocrystal (NC) modified graphite electrode (MCPE-NiO) and Au electrode of Clark type DO sensor. The laccase enzyme from Trametes versicolour was immobilized on electrode surfaces by co-crosslinking method using bovine serum albumin, a protein-based stabilizer, along with glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent. A comparison of the stability parameters of the electrode designs was carried out including sensitivity, calibration plots, analytical data and storage stability, and the biosensor performance was shown to be superior for MCPE-NiO-Lac compared to Au-Lac electrode. The NC modified system reached steady state within 6 seconds after the analyte contact and displayed a lower detection limit of 0.95 μM, while the Au electrode took 3 minutes to reach the same and had lower detection limit of 4 μM. Better reproducibility and longer linear response was also observed for MCPE-NiO system compared to the latter, all of which could be attributed to the microstructure of the electrode and the surface lattice arrangement in the embedded nanocrystals. Copyright © 2018 VBRI Press.

MIL-101 (Fe) modified carbon paste electrode for the efficient simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol

MIL-101 (Fe) modified carbon paste electrode for the efficient simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol

SiO2-coated molecularly imprinted sensor based on Si quantum dots for selective detection of catechol in river water

Selectivity is an important goal to the final analysis of targets. But for silicon quantum dots (Si QDs), a kind of QDs with low-toxic from a wide range of sources, the selective detection is mainly through the special force between Si QDs and targets. Yet it is necessary to find a way to realize the selective detection for more common target analysis. Herein, the molecularly imprinted polymers based on Si QDs (Si QDs@SiO2 @MIPs) was successfully prepared for selective detection of catechol (CT). Si QDs were firstly modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), the template molecule CT was effectively contacted with Si QDs after modifications, under the action of cross-linking agent tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), Si QDs@SiO2 @MIPs were synthesized through the sol-gel method. Si QDs@SiO2 @MIPs displayed a strong fluorescent emission at 447 nm and were quenched in the presence of CT via dynamic quenching. Under optimum conditions, the relative fluorescent intensity of Si QDs@SiO2 @MIPs was gradually weakened in response to the increased CT concentrations in the range of 0.018–100 µM. A low detection limit of 0.018 µM for CT determination was obtained. This developed strategy was evaluated by detecting CT in the real river water samples. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained in the range of 97.77−101.70%. Moreover, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was conducted as a reference of CT detection, the results powerfully demonstrated the accuracy and feasibility of the method proposed in this work. Thus, the strategy is possibly a promising method for Si QDs to expand more target detection.

Novel delipidated chicken feather waste-derived carbon-based molybdenum oxide nanocomposite as efficient electrocatalyst for rapid detection of hydroquinone and catechol in environmental waters

Chicken poultry industry produces a vast amount of feather waste and is often disposed into landfills, creating environmental pollution. Therefore, we explored the valorization of chicken feather waste into lipids and keratinous sludge biomass. This study demonstrates the successful utilization of keratinous sludge biomass as a unique precursor for the facile preparation of novel keratinous sludge biomass-derived carbon-based molybdenum oxide (KSC@MoO3) nanocomposite material using two-step (hydrothermal and co-pyrolysis) processes. The surface morphology and electrochemical properties of as-prepared nanocomposite material were analyzed using HR-SEM, XRD, XPS, and cyclic voltammetric techniques. KSC@MoO3 nanocomposite exhibited prominent electrocatalytic behavior to simultaneously determine hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC) in environmental waters. The as-prepared electrochemical sensor showed excellent performance towards the detection of HQ and CC with broad concentration ranges between 0.5–176.5 μM (HQ and CC), and the detection limits achieved were 0.063 μM (HQ) and 0.059 μM (CC). Furthermore, the developed modified electrode has exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility and was also applied to analyze HQ and CC in environmental water samples. Results revealed that chicken feather waste valorization could result in sustainable biomass conversion into a high-value nanomaterial to develop a cost-effective electrochemical environmental monitoring sensor and lipids for biofuel.

Boron-Nitrogen-Co-Doping Nanocarbons to Create Rich Electroactive Defects toward Simultaneous Sensing Hydroquinone and Catechol

Quantitatively simultaneous detection of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC) with low limit of detection (LOD) and wide detection range is of critical significance in water quality control but faces great challenges due to their isomer similarity and a large range of contamination concentrations. Herein, high density of boron atoms is introduced into nitrogen-doped nanocarbon (BNC) to realize simultaneous detection of HQ and CC with a large separation of peak potential (ΔEp) of 111 mV between oxidations of HQ and CC by differential pulse voltammetry. Besides, extremely low LODs of 33.3 and 16.3 nM for HQ and CC were achieved through amperometric I-t curve with wide linear ranges of 0.099 ∼ 43340 µM and 0.049 ∼ 5110 µM, respectively. The systematical investigation of the enhancement mechanism by spectroscopy and DFT calculations clearly reveal that the boron-nitrogen co-doping creates rich electroactive sites for high sensing performance toward HQ and CC, thereby shedding lights on the great effect of a unique nanostructure on electrocatalysis in sensing applications.

Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Hydroquinone and Catechol Based on Biomass Derived Activated Carbon

Hydroquinone and catechol as the common phenols, they are commonly found in industrial effluents, due to their toxicity it is very important to determination of two isomers. In this research, the easy operation and highly sensitive analytic method proposed to the detection for hydroquinone and catechol. Activated carbon was synthesized by high temperature carbonization method with alkali activation. Some characterization methods were used to characterize the activated carbon and electrochemical techniques were performed to illuminate the electrochemical redox process. Both anodic and cathodic peak for hydroquinone and catechol were appearing simultaneously at activated carbon modified electrode. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range was between 1 μM to 250 μM for hydroquinone and catechol, the lowest detection limit was 0.023 μM and 0.025 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. This electrochemical sensor reveals the good selectivity, excellent stability and repeatability; also successfully used to detection of hydroquinone and catechol in real tap water and appear a high recovery rate. Therefore activated carbon has proved to be a promising electrode modification material in electrochemical determination of phenol isomers.

Boronic Acid Substituted Polyaniline Based Enzymatic Biosensor System for Catechol Detection

AbstractIn this research, an electrochemical enzymatic biosensor system for sensitive and selective catechol detection was developed with using boric acid substituted Polyaniline film coated two different electrodes; gold screen‐printed electrode and glassy carbon electrode. Electropolymerization of 3‐aminophenylboronic acid is carried out through various electropolymerization conditions, and the best conditions for biosensors systems are concluded. The developed tyrosinase enzyme‐based biosensor system is used for the determination of catechol. The limit of detections(LOD) of the developed biosensor was 0.25 μM and 1.8 μM with Au SPE and GCE systems, respectively. Additionally, real sample analysis was also performed for controlled catechol added green tea samples.

Electrocatalytic activity of Schiff base containing copper phthalocyanines towards the detection of catechol: Effect of heteroatoms and asymmetry

In this study, four new copper phthalocyanine complexes were synthesised and studied as electrocatalysts for the detection of catechol. Two of these complexes were derived from a symmetrical benzaldehyde phthalocyanine complex via the condensation of the benzaldehyde substituents with amine reagents. The electrocatalysts proved to be highly stable towards the detection of catechol. The oxidation peaks obtained using cyclic voltammetry range from 0.20 to 0.38 V. Detection limits were obtained via chronoamperometry and are as low as 0.16 µM with fairly high sensitives being obtained. Overall all four copper complexes exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the electrooxidation of catechol.

Innovative electrochemical sensor based on graphene oxide aerogel wrapped copper centered metal-organic framework to detect catechol

• This work constructs a novel electrochemical sensor based on GA/Cu-MOF/GCE for the detection of CT. • GA/Cu-MOF/GCE exhibits a wide linear response and low detection limit toward CT. • GA/Cu-MOF/GCE shows satisfying reproducibility, repeatability and interference. • The encapsulated structure of the modified material improves the stability of the sensor. An innovative electrochemical sensor was developed based on the modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface with graphene oxide aerogel (GA) wrapped copper centered metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) and was applied to the detection of trace catechol (CT). The morphology, structure of GA/Cu-MOF and electrochemical properties of GA/Cu-MOF/GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical techniques, respectively. GA/Cu-MOF/GCE has a wide linear range of 12.5–900 μmol∙L −1 ( R 2 = 0.997) and a low limit detection of 1.65 μmol∙L −1 . Compared with the unmodified GCE, GA/Cu-MOF/GCE shows better stability, greater sensitivity and higher repeatability. Importantly, this new modified material was successfully prepared and used for the detection of trace amounts of catechol, providing a new idea for electrochemical detection.

The Kinetic and Analytical Aspects of Enzyme Competitive Inhibition: Sensing of Tyrosinase Inhibitors.

An amperometric biosensor based on tyrosinase, immobilized onto a carbon black paste electrode using glutaraldehyde and BSA was constructed to detect competitive inhibitors. Three inhibitors were used in this study: benzoic acid, sodium azide, and kojic acid, and the obtained values for fifty percent of inhibition (IC50) were 119 µM, 1480 µM, and 30 µM, respectively. The type of inhibition can also be determined from the curve of the degree of inhibition by considering the shift of the inhibition curves. Amperometric experiments were performed with a biosensor polarized at the potential −0.15 V vs. Ag/AgCl and using 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as an electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, the proposed biosensor showed a linear amperometric response toward catechol detection from 0.5 µM to 38 µM with a detection limit of 0.35 µM (S/N = 3), and its sensitivity was 66.5 mA M−1 cm−2. Moreover, the biosensor exhibited a good storage stability. Conversely, a novel graphical plot for the determination of reversible competitive inhibition was represented for free tyrosinase. The graph consisted of plotting the half-time reaction (t1/2) as a function of the inhibitor concentration at various substrate concentrations. This innovative method relevance was demonstrated in the case of kojic acid using a colorimetric bioassay relying on tyrosinase inhibition. The results showed that the t1/2 provides an extended linear range of tyrosinase inhibitors.

Simultaneous Detection of Dihydroxybenzene Isomers Using Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes/Gold Nanoparticles Nanocomposite.

An electrochemical sensor based on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO), carboxylated carbon nanotubes (cMWCNT), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (GCE/ErGO-cMWCNT/AuNPs) was developed for the simultaneous detection of dihidroxybenzen isomers (DHB) hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC), and resorcinol (RS) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The fabrication and optimization of the system were evaluated with Raman Spectroscopy, SEM, cyclic voltammetry, and DPV. Under optimized conditions, the GCE/ErGO-cMWCNT/AuNPs sensor exhibited a linear concentration range of 1.2–170 μM for HQ and CC, and 2.4–400 μM for RS with a detection limit of 0.39 μM, 0.54 μM, and 0.61 μM, respectively. When evaluated in tap water and skin-lightening cream, DHB multianalyte detection showed an average recovery rate of 107.11% and 102.56%, respectively. The performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of the 3D network formed by the strong π–π stacking interaction between ErGO and cMWCNT, combined with the active catalytic sites of AuNPs. Additionally, the cMWCNT provided improved electrocatalytic properties associated with the carboxyl groups that facilitate the adsorption of the DHB and the greater amount of active edge planes. The proposed GCE/ErGO-cMWCNT/AuNPs sensor showed a great potential for the simultaneous, precise, and easy-to-handle detection of DHB in complex samples with high sensitivity.

Simultaneous Determination of Catechol and Hydroquinone Using Nickel Nanoparticles\Poly-4-Nitroaniline Nanocomposite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

In this paper, a simple procedure has been developed to fabricate sensor based on Ni nanoparticles and poly-4-nitroaniline (P4NA) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for simultaneous detection of catechol and hydroquinone. The formed composite film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and DPV measurements. The modified electrode showed high sensitivity and selectivity towards catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ). Under optimized conditions, the modified GCE showed two sharp redox peaks for CC and HQ in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) voltammograms with a peak potential separation of 112 mV in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The detection limits for HQ and CC were calculated to be 2.3 and 3.9 μM, respectively. Good linearity was observed for a concentration range from 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> M and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> M for CC and HQ respectively. Furthermore, the newly made electrode was successfully evaluated in the detection of both analytes CC and HQ in seawater as a real sample.

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of hydroquinone and catechol using MWCNT-COOH/CTF-1 composite modified electrode

In this present work, a carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) and covalent triazine framework (CTF-1) co-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is prepared and used for simultaneous electrochemical detection of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC). Due to the synergistic effect between the high electrocatalytic activity and good conductivity of MWCNT-COOH and large surface area of CTF-1, the prepared modified electrode exhibits good selectivity and high sensitivity for the simultaneous determination of HQ and CC. In the neutral phosphate buffer, HQ and CC produce a pair of well-defined redox peaks on the MWCNT-COOH/CTF-1/GCE. The concentrations of CC and HQ show good linearity in the range of 2–280 μM and the detection limits of HQ and CC are 0.12 μM and 0.17 μM, respectively. The prepared electrochemical sensor can be employed to determine contents of HQ and CC in real samples. • The MWCNT-COOH/CTF-1 composite exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance towards hydroquinone and catechol detection. • The research paves a feasible way to unlock high performance CTF electrode materials. • The sensor showed excellent specificity, good stability, and desirable reproducibility.

Porous tal palm carbon nanosheets as a sensing material for simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol

AbstractIn this article, an electrochemical sensor was prepared for the simultaneous detection of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CT) by incorporating porous tal palm carbon nanosheets (PTPCNS) as the modifier substance on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were utilized to characterize the electrochemical properties of the designed (PTCNS/GCE) sensor. PTPCNS/GCE demonstrated excellent electro‐catalytic property toward resolving the individual voltametric signal of HQ and CT from their mixture. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied to quantify the lower limit of HQ and CT. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 0.15 µM for HQ with the linear range of 1–300 µM and 0.49 µM for CT with the corresponding linear range 5–225 µM obtained for the proposed sensor. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was found 0.51 µM and 1.63 µM for HQ and CT, respectively. Modified PTPCNS/GCE exhibited excellent selectivity towards HQ and CT even in presence of 10 folds potential interference. The practical applicability of the proposed sensor was analyzed in tap water sample with an excellent recovery of 98–104% for HQ and 99–102% for CT.

Electrochemical determination of harmful catechol and rapid decolorization of textile dyes using ceria and tin doped ZnO nanoparticles

Electrochemical sensing of toxic pollutants as well as the degradation of toxic dyes using cost effective nanoparticles-based photocatalyst are one of the most effective ways to reduce environmental contaminants. Herein, ZnO and different percentage (1, 3, 5 & 10%) of Ce and Sn doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile chemical method. The synthesized nanoparticles were used as modified electrode towards electrochemical detection of catechol (CA). It was found that the limit of detection and the sensitivity of the Ce/ZnO (5%) to be 0.21 μM and 0.494 μM μA−1, respectively. The doped ZnO exhibited lower band gap compared to pure ZnO, which facilitates to rapid photocatalytic degradation (~93%) of textile dyes (Crystal Violet & Rhodamine B) and catechol under visible light radiation. The environmental pollutants such as catechol, crystal violet and rhodamine B dye were effectively determined and degraded very successfully using couple of techniques such as cyclic voltametric and photodegradation.