Detection Of Campylobacter Species Research Articles

The Detection of Campylobacter Species in the Carcass and Feces of Chicken Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Colorimetric Assay and Gold Nanoparticles: A Review

The Detection of Campylobacter Species in the Carcass and Feces of Chicken Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Colorimetric Assay and Gold Nanoparticles: A Review

Foodborne Campylobacter species: Taxonomy, Isolation, Virulence Attributes and Antimicrobial Resistance

Campylobacter is widely regarded as the main cause of foodborne diarrheal diseases worldwide. It is a curved Gram-negative rod displaying corkscrew motility via a polar non-sheathed flagellum. Campylobacter grows microaerophilically at a broad range of temperature (30–45°C), and it is considered biochemically inert. Campylobacter did not use carbohydrates to obtain energy because of lacking the 6-phosphofructokinase enzyme. Campylobacter has a positive reaction for oxidase test and a negative reaction for indole test. Laboratory isolation and detection of Campylobacter species is tricky as they are fastidious and necessitate special atmospheric requirements to grow. Relatively little information is known about the virulence attributes in campylobacters or how a seemingly fragile bacteria can survive with increased pathogenicity. Moreover, the growing antimicrobial resistance of campylobacters to the clinically crucial antibiotics becomes insurmountable. Thereby, this review elucidates and discusses the taxonomy, isolation, identification, virulence attributes and the antimicrobials resistance of this particular bacterium.

Detection of Campylobacter species in different types of samples from dairy farms

BackgroundLivestock, domestic pets and wildlife can be intestinal carriers of thermotolerant Campylobacter species. These reservoirs can in turn contaminate the environment and food products, thus creating pathways to campylobacteriosis in...

Estimating the performance of four culture media used for enumeration and detection of Campylobacter species in chicken meat

It is well known that culture media used for the detection of foodborne pathogens are imperfect tests and different media present different sensitivity and specificity values. The present study aimed to estimate the performance of four culture media commonly used for enumerating and detecting Campylobacter in foods. Samples of naturally contaminated chicken meat (n = 47) were tested for Campylobacter spp. using in parallel the mCCDA, Karmali agar (KA), CASA® and BCCA, according to ISO 10272:2006 detection and enumeration protocols. Plating onto mCCDA, KA, CASA®, and BCCA produced countable results (>0.9 log cfu/g) in 91.5, 93.2, 95.7 and 95.7% of the samples (enumeration method), but Campylobacter spp. were detected only in 32.6, 36.2, 87.2 and 33.3% of the samples (detection method), respectively. Combined (from all media) pathogen prevalence though was 100 and 87% for enumeration and detection procedures, respectively. Results suggested that CASA® should be considered as a second medium or a suitable alternative of the ISO recommended mCCDA. The single use of mCCDA after enrichment in Bolton broth or after direct plating may lead to erroneous detection of Campylobacter spp. The study also demonstrated that parallel use of the two plating methods improves the recovery of Campylobacter spp.

Detection of Campylobacter species in stool specimens from patients with symptoms of acute flaccid paralysis in South Africa.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by acute or subacute symmetrical ascending motor weakness, areflexia, and mild-to-moderate sensory abnormalities. Campylobacter jejuni is reported to be the most common bacterium associated with GBS cases. Despite the eradication of polio, the number of reported GBS cases remains considerably high in South Africa with the causative agents not being well described. The aim of the study was to investigate the proportion of Campylobacter spp. detected in stool specimens from patients with symptoms of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Stool specimens from patients presenting with AFP, that were negative for polio and non-polio enteroviruses (NPENT), were processed and screened for the presence of Campylobacter spp. using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Of the 512 stool specimens screened between October 2014 to December 2015, 12% (62/512) were positive for Campylobacter spp. Of these 62 Campylobacter infections: 77.4% (48/62) was C. jejuni; 19.4% (12/62) was Campylobacter coli; 3.2% (2/62) was mixed infections of C. jejuni and C. coli. True association of the disease with Campylobacter spp. will enable the proportion of Campylobacter-induced GBS to be better described in South Africa; this can only be done through systematic studies that include bacterial culture and serology together with molecular methodologies.

Detection of Campylobacter Species in Poultry Meat and Edible Offal’s In Western Azerbaijan Province

Detection of Campylobacter Species in Poultry Meat and Edible Offal’s In Western Azerbaijan Province

Campylobacterbacteremia: A rare and under-reported event?

Bacteria belonging to the species Campylobacter are the most common cause of bacterial diarrhoea in humans. The clinical phenotype associated with Campylobacter infections ranges from asymptomatic conditions to severe colitis and bacteremia. In susceptible patients, Campylobacter infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with both host factors and bacterial factors being involved in the pathogenesis of bacteremia. In the host, age, gender and immune-compromising conditions may predispose for Campylobacter infections, whilst the most important bacterial determinants mentioned in the literature are cytotoxin production and flagellar motility. The role of sialylated lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) and serum resistance in bacteremia is inconclusive at this time, and the clinical significance of Campylobacter bacteremia is not yet fully understood. More emphasis on the detection of Campylobacter species from blood cultures in susceptible patients at risk for Campylobacter infections will increase our understanding of the pathogenesis and the relevance of Campylobacter bacteremia.

Prevalence of Campylobacter Species in Adult Crohn's Disease and the Preferential Colonization Sites of Campylobacter Species in the Human Intestine

IntroductionCrohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A high prevalence of Campylobacter concisus was previously detected in paediatric CD and adult UC. Currently, the prevalence of C. concisus in adult CD and the preferential colonization sites of Campylobacter species in the human intestine are unknown. In this study, we examined the prevalence of Campylobacter species in biopsies collected from multiple anatomic sites of adult patients with IBD and controls.MethodsThree hundred and one biopsies collected from ileum, caecum, descending colon and rectum of 28 patients IBD (15 CD and 13 UC) and 33 controls were studied. Biopsies were used for DNA extraction and detection of Campylobacter species by PCR-sequencing and Campylobacter cultivation.ResultsA significantly higher prevalence of C. concisus in colonic biopsies of patients with CD (53%) was detected as compared with the controls (18%). Campylobacter genus-PCR positivity and C. concisus positivity in patients with UC were 85% and 77% respectively, being significantly higher than that in the controls (48% and 36%). C. concisus was more often detected in descending colonic and rectal biopsies from patients with IBD in comparison to the controls. C. concisus was isolated from patients with IBD.ConclusionThe high intestinal prevalence of C. concisus in patients with IBD, particularly in the proximal large intestine, suggests that future studies are needed to investigate the possible involvement of C. concisus in a subgroup of human IBD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the association between adult CD and C. concisus as well as the first study of the preferential colonization sites of C. concisus in the human intestine.

Distribution and diversity of Escherichia coli populations in the South Nation River drainage basin, eastern Ontario, Canada.

We investigated the prevalence and diversity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from surface waters from multiple watersheds within the South Nation River basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. The basin is composed of mixed but primarily agricultural land uses. From March 2004 to November 2007, a total of 2,004 surface water samples were collected from 24 sampling sites. E. coli densities ranged from undetectable to 1.64 x 10(5) CFU 100 ml(-1) and were correlated with stream order and proximity to livestock production systems. The diversity of 21,307 E. coli isolates was characterized using repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR), allowing for the identification of as many as 7,325 distinct genotypes, without capturing all of the diversity. The community was temporally and spatially dominated by a few dominant genotypes (clusters of more than 500 isolates) and several genotypes of intermediary abundance (clustering between 10 and 499 isolates). Simpson diversity indices, assessed on a normalized number of isolates per sample, ranged from 0.050 to 0.668. Simpson indices could be statistically discriminated on the basis of year and stream order, but land use, discharge, weather, and water physical-chemical properties were not statistically important discriminators. The detection of Campylobacter species was associated with statistically lower Simpson indices (greater diversity; P < 0.05). Waterborne E. coli isolates from genotypes of dominant and intermediary abundance were clustered with isolates obtained from fecal samples collected in the study area over the same period, and 90% of the isolates tested proved to share genotypes with fecal isolates. Overall, our data indicated that the densities and distribution of E. coli in these mixed-use watersheds were linked to stream order and livestock-based land uses. Waterborne E. coli populations that were distinct from fecal isolates were detected and, on this basis, were possibly naturalized E. coli strains.

Detection of Campylobacter species in foods by indirect competitive ELISA using hen and rabbit antibodies

The competitive enzyme immunoassays for detection of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and C. fetus subsp. fetus have been developed. Rabbit and hen immunoglobulins were prepared for these purposes. The working conditions of ELISAs, such as the concentrations of immunoreactants, incubation temperatures and time, and the composition of the substrate have been established. The detection limits were in the range 5.0 104–3.2 106 cfu/ml. The application of chemiluminescent substrates did not result in any significant improvement of the assay's detectability and sensitivity. Prepared antibodies showed rather high specificity and cross-reactivity profiles, and both rabbit and hen immunoglobulins were similar. Only IgY to C. jejuni cross-reacted with seven strains of C. jejuni and two other Campylobacter spp. A limited number of naturally and artificially contaminated food samples were tested. The results obtained by means of an enzyme immunoassay were compared with those obtained from PCR or commercially available Singlepath® Campylobacter GLISA-Rapid Test. Poultry products were naturally contaminated with Campylobacters. The wild species were identified as C. jejuni and C. coli.

Detection of campylobacter species: a comparison of culture and polymerase chain reaction based methods

Aims: To investigate the optimal method for the detection of campylobacters from stool samples by comparing selective culture with membrane filtration and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods: Three hundred...