Destructive Effects Research Articles

Destructive Effects of Slag from Municipal Waste Incineration Plants on Cement Composites

Destructive Effects of Slag from Municipal Waste Incineration Plants on Cement Composites

HOST COUNTRY LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AMONG FIRST-GENERATION YAGLIDERE IMMIGRANTS IN THE USA AND THE MAINTENANCE OF THE TURKISH LANGUAGE IN SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS VIA SOCIAL NETWORKS

This article investigated the effect of the social networks of Yaglidere Turkish immigrants on language acquisition and the maintenance of heritage languages by successive generations in the USA. The study was conducted in the cities of Patterson and Burlington between January 2018 and July 2018. This research used qualitative research methods to analyze ethnographic interviews and participant observations. Data were collected using participant observation and informal talks with immigrants conducted in different informal settings such as participants’ houses, their restaurants, and other cafes in Burlington and Paterson. The interviews lasted from 40 to 90 minutes. Questions were open-ended and focused on the role of social networks in the acquisition of English language skills. In order to analyze the resulting data, the audio recordings were transcribed and translated into English. The interviews were first transcribed into Microsoft Word files and then imported into Maxqda, a software program for qualitative analysis, where the data were coded for study. The results indicated that even though social networks have destructive effects among first-generation immigrants, they have undeniable constructive effects on language maintenance in other generations. So, what is destructive for the first generation turns into constructive for the other generations.

THE COMPUTER MODELING STUDY OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CONTACT SURFACES OF METAL OR POLIMERIC SCREWS AND CORTICAL BONE TISSUE

The continuous growth of fracture rates and surgeries with the use of screws requires modern approaches to improve treatment results. The interaction between a screw and bone tissue is one of the critical factors that affects the stability of a fracture and remains not thoroughly researched until now. The computer modeling method allows for studying precisely the strains and deformities in the contact areas of metal screws, polymeric screws, and cortical bone.Material and methods. The computer modeling was performed in Autodesk Fusion 360 for biomechanical interactions of 3.5 mm AO screws made of stainless steel and polyamide-12 (P-12) with monocortical diaphyseal part of long tubular bone. The static stress study was performed for different loads applied in the pull-out direction with the bonded contact used between the screw and the bone. The displacement and strains were revealed in different parts of the screw thread and surrounding bone tissue for the force applied along the screw axis in the range from 100 N to 1000 N.Results. The increase of the force resulted in stress and strains in the screw and surrounding bone tissue, and the maximum force values can lead to unstable fixation. It was determined that polymeric P-12 screws in all study cases were affecting the bone with less contact pressure than metal screws. In the superficial bone areas this difference was more significant – 24.8 %, and in the deep bone areas it was 8.9 %. The areas of von Mises stress in both superficial and deep parts of polymeric screws were in the range from 1.414 MPa to 20.74 MPa which was lower than that of metal screws (3.484 MPa to 56.24 MPa).Conclusions. Polymeric P-12 screws will fix bone fractures better under low intensive but long-lasting loads, as their destructive effect on bone tissue around screws will be less than of metal ones. On the other hand, metal screws will have the advantage to resist the short lasting but intensive “peak” loads. The less stress areas in the polymeric screw can somehow compensate the lower mechanical strength parameters of P-12 material.Perspective of further research. The obtained results can be taken into account during orthopedics surgeries when screws are used for fixation, as well as for further biomechanical studies.

The Influence of Sino-US Trade Friction on the Export Volume of China's High-tech Products

With the rapid development of economy, witnessing the extraordinary progression of the economy, China has ascended as the second largest economy globally, and the gap with developed countries is getting smaller and smaller. For a long time, there has been a huge trade deficit from China to the United States. The United States provoked trade friction on the grounds of trade protectionism, restricting trade with China, high-tech industries being the focus. Employing the difference-in-differences (DID) methodology, this paper scrutinizes the influence of Sino-US trade frictions on the export value of China's high-tech industries, utilizing the export data of China's high-tech industries to the United States spanning from 2012 to 2022. It is found that after the Sino-US trade friction began, China's exports of high-tech products to the United States have declined significantly, which has caused trade destruction effect and trade deflection effect from China to the United States.

The effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on the domestic violence coping skills in women referring to comprehensive rural health service centers

BackgroundDomestic violence, in addition to the destructive effects it brings to the mother of the family, also has a strong impact on the children. According to the evidence obtained, coping strategies have been successful in tackling this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of education on coping skills with domestic violence based on the health belief model (HBM) in women referring to comprehensive rural health service centers in Marvdasht City, Iran.MethodsThis semi-experimental study was conducted on 120 women affected by domestic violence who were referred to rural health centers in Marvdasht City in 2022. The multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for assigning people to two experimental and control groups (60 people in each group). The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the HBM and a coping strategies questionnaire that was completed before and two months after the intervention by both groups. After entering SPSS 24, the data were analyzed by paired t, independent t, and chi-square statistical tests.ResultsBefore the intervention between the two groups in terms of the constructs of awareness (P = 0.45), attitude (P = 0.23), behavior (P = 0.67), perceived sensitivity (P = 0.10), perceived severity (P = 0.84), perceived barriers (P = 0.31), perceived benefits (P = 0.21), perceived self-efficacy (P = 0.10), and cues to action (P = 0.19), no significant difference was observed, while after the intervention, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the structures expressed (P < 0.05). Likewise, before the intervention between the two experimental and control groups in terms of the ability to receive and send messages (P = 0.73), emotional control (P = 0.22), listening skills (P = 0.65), insight into the communication process (P = 0.15), communication combined with assertiveness (P = 0.98), and coping skills (P = 0.21), no significant difference was observed, while after the educational intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of skill components (P = 0.001).ConclusionIn the current study, education based on the HBM with a focus on coping skills led to the improvement of the skills of women who have experienced violence, their attitude and awareness, perceived sensitivity and perceived severity, and finally the benefits and barriers they receive from using coping skills.

A limiting integrative effort plastic waste in the sea of Indonesia and China: The Penta Helix model perspective

Indonesia ranks as the second-largest source of plastic garbage in marine areas, behind China. This is a critical problem that emphasises the need for synergistic endeavors to safeguard the long-term viability of marine ecosystems. The objective of this work is to examine the implementation of the Penta Helix model in the management of marine plastic trash. For this purpose, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was carried out, utilizing scholarly papers sourced from the Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The analysis centred on evaluating the Penta Helix model as a cooperative framework for tackling plastic waste management in the marine environments of Indonesia and China. The results suggest that the Penta Helix methodology successfully enables the amalgamation of many interests and resources, making a valuable contribution to the mitigation of plastic pollution in the waters of both nations. In order to advance a more comprehensive and sustainable approach to plastic waste management, this multidisciplinary plan brings together stakeholders from government, academia, business, civil society, and the media. Under this framework, the government is responsible for formulating laws, guidelines, and programs to decrease the use of disposable plastics and improve waste management infrastructure, all while guaranteeing adherence to environmental constraints. Simultaneously, the industrial and academic sectors are responsible for creating sustainable technology and pioneering business strategies, while civil society, in collaboration with the media, has a crucial role in increasing public consciousness regarding the destructive effects of plastic trash. This comprehensive strategy emphasizes the need of synergistic endeavors in tackling the intricate issues of marine plastic contamination.

A Study on the Dynamic Response and Deformation of Slopes Supported by Anti-Slide Piles Subjected to Seismic Waves with Different Spectral Characteristics

The long-term stability of slopes in areas with strong earthquakes not only is very important for people’s lives and the safety of property, but also it enables restoration of the ecological environment in the landslide areas, which is very important for sustainable development. The most commonly used seismic-support method, anti-slide piles, provides outstanding seismic performance. However, piles still deform and fail during earthquakes, which can lead to instability of the slope. The dynamic response of a slope reinforced with anti-slide piles is crucial for maintaining the long-term stability of the slope in a strong-earthquake area and, thus, for promoting its sustainable development. However, current research is focused mainly on the stability of the slope, and there have been few studies on the dynamic response of anti-slide piles. For this reason, we have undertaken the present study of a bedding-rock slope supported by a single row of anti-slide piles. By changing the frequency, amplitude, and duration of the input seismic waves, we have systematically explored the influence of their spectral characteristics on the dynamic response of the anti-slide piles and the slope using numerical simulations combined with the wavelet-transform method. Our results show that the spectral characteristics of the seismic waves significantly affect the deformations of the anti-slide piles. Low-frequency and high-amplitude seismic waves have stronger destructive effects on slopes, and high-amplitude seismic waves can generate multi-level sliding surfaces that extend to deeper levels. The low-frequency component of the seismic wave controls the overall deformation of the slope, and the high-frequency component controls the local deformations. An increase in the proportion and duration of low frequencies in seismic waves is the main cause of slope deformation and failure. The present work, thus, provides a useful reference for the design of a slope supported by anti-slide piles in an area with strong earthquakes, as well as for the maintenance of the long-term stability of such a slope, therefore, encouraging the sustainable development of related areas.

Fear over facts: how preconceptions explain perceptions of threat following cyberattacks

ABSTRACT Why do cyberattacks elevate perceptions of threat even as they fail to generate truly destructive effects? We argue that people employ motivated reasoning to align cyberattacks with their preconceptions. Fielding a two-wave panel survey immediately before and after a cyberattack on an Israeli hospital, we confirm that motivated reasoning plays a crucial role in how people interpret cyber events. Results show that people already predisposed to perceive cyberattacks as threatening experience a significant increase in perceptions of threat, while those initially viewing cyberattacks as harmless also have their beliefs reinforced. The data reveals how even minor incidents bolster cyber doom convictions.

Construction of a deterministic mathematical model for the spatial-mass distribution of random fragments produced by cased charge explosion

To evaluate the destructive effects of fragment impacts on structures or personnel, it is crucial to assess the velocity, mass, size, and impact location of the fragments, as well as establish the correlation between these factors. This paper presents the experimental measurement of fragment velocities produced by the explosion of a cased charge, the fragments resulting from the explosion are collected and steel plates are used to record the impact locations and sizes of the fragments. Based on the experimental results, the calculation models of fragment velocity, fragment mass distribution and fragment scattering angle are corrected, the spatial distribution models of fragment size and number are established, and the functional relationship between fragment mass and size is constructed. Given the aforementioned research findings, the fragment spatial-mass distribution models based on the size distribution function and based on the mass distribution function are constructed, and the fragment space-mass distributions corresponding to the number of impact regions of 1, 5 and 10 are analyzed, and the effect of the number of impact location divisions on the fragment space-mass distribution is explored. The research results show that, for the current test charge, the fragment spatial-mass distribution model based on the size distribution function aligns most accurately with experimental results when the impact regions is divided into 10. The number of impact locations designated within each region is directly proportional to the number of fragments in that specific region. Notably, the impact location of the largest fragment occurs at 0.8 times the length of the impact region, whereas the peak fragment impact density occurs at 0.743 times the length of the impact region. The spatial-mass distribution model proposed in this paper successfully correlates the velocity, mass, size and impact location of the fragments, providing a realistic theoretical representation of the spatial geometric distribution of the fragments.

The synergistic interaction of fungi with different structural characteristics improves the leaching of lithium from lepidolite

The aim of this study was to explore the improvement of lithium leaching from lepidolite by microbial co-culture, focusing on the synergistic effect of different structural fungi in improving the leaching performance of biological systems. The results showed that in the single leaching experiment, the multicellular fungi and the unicellular yeast showed weak effects. Multicellular fungus is limited by insufficient EPS secretion, while unicellular yeast is non-mycelial organisms with weak acid production capacity and limited effect on minerals. However, in the combined leaching experiment, the interspecific collaboration promoted the synthetic and metabolic activity of the two strains, resulting in changes in the type and content of organic acids, polysaccharides, proteins and humus. The content of citric acid reached the highest value of 16.98g·L-1 at about 22 d, and the EPS secreted by unicellular yeast promoted the mycelium adhesion and mineral wrapping of multicellular fungi. The combined action of the two enhanced the effects of acidification, complexation and mycelium destruction, and improved the leaching effect. This study revealed the synergistic metabolic mechanism of lepidolite leaching by fungi with different structures, verified the effectiveness of microbial co-culture to improve the leaching rate, and provided a basis for industrial application. In addition, the use of co-culture technology has a positive impact on commercial production and environmental protection.

Effect of Facet Joint Resection on Postoperative Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes After Microendoscopic Laminectomy for Single-Level Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Facet joint destruction causes postoperative spinal instability, resulting in poor clinical outcomes after lumbar decompression surgery. However, the effect of facet joint destruction on radiographic and clinical outcomes after microendoscopic laminectomy (MEL) is unknown. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effect of facet joint resection on radiographic and clinical outcomes after single-level MEL surgery. This study included 116 patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) who underwent single-level (L4/5) MEL surgery. Eligible patients were divided into the following groups: group P (facet joint preservation rate = 100%) (n = 70); group PR (50% ≤ the facet joint preservation rate < 100%) (n = 27); and group R (the facet joint preservation rate < 50%) (n = 19). The demographic characteristics of the patients, surgical data, pre- and 1-year postoperative radiographic measurements, and clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups. Moreover, pre- and postoperative radiographic and clinical outcomes were compared after adjusting the demographic characteristics of the patients and surgical data by the inverse probability weighting method with propensity scores. The three unweighted groups did not significantly differ in terms of demographic characteristics, surgical data, and pre- and postoperative radiographic and clinical outcomes. Even after adjusting for the demographic characteristics and surgical data, the pre- and postoperative radiographic and clinical outcomes were comparable among the three weighted groups. The extent of facet joint resection might have a minimal impact on radiographic and clinical outcomes at 1 year after single-level MEL surgery.

Water wave radiation by an array of bottom-mounted surface-piercing concentric cylinders

This paper develops a wave radiation analysis model in horizontal oscillation mode for concentric cylindrical arrays with arbitrary numbers and arrangements within the framework of linear potential flow theory. The concentric cylinders have solid inner cylinders and porous outer cylinders, and they are both bottom-mounted and surface-piercing. The porous boundary conditions of the outer cylinders are treated using Darcy's law, and the flow field is divided into one outer region and N (number of cylinders) inner regions with the outer cylinders as the boundary. Employing eigenfunction expansion and region-matching methods, expressions for the radiation velocity potential of each region are obtained, and then expressions of the added mass and damping coefficient of each cylinder are obtained. Following a rigorous verification of the results against published literature, this paper proceeds to analyze the impact of various parameters, including oscillation modes, outer cylinder permeability, radius ratio, spacing, and the number of cylinders, on the wave radiation characteristics of tandem-arranged cylindrical arrays. The research reveals that when the oscillation direction of the structure is parallel with its arrangement direction, the hydrodynamic coefficient curves exhibit significant spikes, attributed to the influence of the Dirichlet trapped mode. Outside the peak regions, the hydrodynamic coefficient curves display regular fluctuations, which are attributed to the alternating occurrence of constructive and destructive interference effects within the wave field.

Dynamic responses of non-isolated and isolated liquid storage tanks under mainshock-aftershock sequences

After the mainshock earthquake, aftershocks often occur frequently, and the destructive effect of aftershocks on structures cannot be ignored. Based on the potential flow theory, the mechanical behavior of liquid is simulated. Considering liquid-solid coupling, material nonlinearity, and liquid sloshing, a three-dimensional numerical calculation model of liquid storage tank is established. No pulse-like and pulse-like mainshock-aftershock sequences are selected, and the seismic responses of non-isolated and isolated liquid storage tanks is compared and studied. The results show that the mainshock-aftershock sequence has a significant impact on the dynamic responses of the liquid storage tank, and the maximum increase rate reaches to 195.4 %. The effect of the mainshock-aftershock sequence on the dynamic responses of non-isolated liquid storage tanks is greater than on the dynamic response of isolated liquid storage tanks. Compared with the pulse-like mainshock-aftershock sequences, the no pulse-like mainshock-aftershock sequences generally have a greater impact on the dynamic responses of the liquid storage tanks. Overall, isolation significantly reduce the impact of mainshock-aftershock sequences on the dynamic responses of liquid storage tanks, and effectively enhance the seismic performance of liquid storage tanks under mainshock-aftershock sequences.

The immune landscape in apical periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy.

Apical periodontitis (AP) is featured by a persistent inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption initiated by microorganisms, posing risks to both dental and systemic health. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is the recommended treatment plan for AP with a high success rate, but in some cases, periapical lesions may persist despite standard endodontic treatment. Better comprehension of the AP inflammatory microenvironment can help develop adjunct therapies to improve the outcome of endodontic treatment. This review presents an overview of the immune landscape in AP, elucidating how microbial invasion triggers host immune activation and shapes the inflammatory microenvironment, ultimately impacting bone homeostasis. The destructive effect of excessive immune activation on periapical tissues is emphasized. This review aimed to systematically discuss the immunological basis of AP, the inflammatory bone resorption and the immune cell network in AP, thereby providing insights into potential immunotherapeutic strategies such as targeted therapy, antioxidant therapy, adoptive cell therapy and cytokine therapy to mitigate AP-associated tissue destruction.

An Analysis on the Historical Transformation and Consequences of the Relationship Between Theoria and Techne

The subject of this study is the historical transformation of the relationship between the concepts of theory/theoria and techne/techne-logie. Methodologically, the meanings of theoria and techne in ancient Greece are taken as reference. Then, it is explained how this relationship, in which theoria is in a privileged position, has changed with the modern period and where the process has evolved. The aim of the study is to explain the risks of techne, whose relationship with theoria has been severed. Theoria is the activity of thinking about and questioning something. Since it was an end in itself, it was considered a divine activity in ancient times. Techne, on the other hand, was the knowledge of making and doing something. The knowledge of the craftsman was such a knowledge and it was instrumental. With the modern period, the transformative effect of technological developments on nature and society ensured that it was perceived in an impartial, irreversible and positive way. Despite the destructive effects it caused, technology became a commodity and a goal. Considering that today, technology has exceeded the dimension of digitalization and we have entered the era of intelligent robots, albeit artificial, it is a necessity to re-establish the connection between techne-logie and theoria.

NANOCREDIT FOR EMPOWERING THE UNDERPRIVILEGED: A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Poverty is a universal reality that takes various forms worldwide. It is considered the most detrimental economic and social issue, being the root cause of human rights violations due to its destructive effects on individuals and society. In the modern era, poverty has become a major global issue, hindering economic and human development and leading to deprivation of well-being. Any credit type, micro or nano credit, must be implemented well to help the poor. Recently, there has been an interest in nanocredit. Although there are limited studies on nanocredit, there have been some attempts to review the topic. In contrast to other research, this study adopts a different methodology to thoroughly review the literature on the development of nanocredit to address the innovative and reliable tools that are dependable financial inclusion for the underprivileged. This study is being conducted to comprehensively review and analyse current research on nanocredit. Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Emerald Insights, and Google Scholar index the reviewed literature from 2000 to 2022 for published article access. Studies have presented that nanocredit is a new paradigm in the lending industry with fewer requirements and bureaucracy. Although it is still lacking in fully complying with Shariah guidelines, nanocredit is a saviour for the poor in improving their quality of life. In simple understanding, nanocredit should be the bridge that connects Islamic finance and Islamic philanthropy.

Jekyll and Hyde leadership: Examining the direct and vicarious experiences of abusive and ethical leadership through a justice variability lens.

Drawing on uncertainty management theory and the nascent work on justice variability, we examine employees' direct and vicarious experiences of abusive supervision and ethical leadership. Conceptualizing the simultaneous display of abusive and ethical leadership styles as a form of justice variability, we suggest that a direct supervisor's ethical leadership exacerbates, rather than ameliorates, the detrimental effects of his/her abusive supervision on employees' emotional exhaustion and job performance. We further contend that a similar effect exists when employees vicariously experience leadership interactions involving their direct supervisor and higher level manager, whereby higher level managers' ethical leadership exacerbates the negative effects of their abusive supervision toward supervisors on those supervisors' employees' emotional exhaustion and job performance. We draw the contrast between the direct and vicarious experiences by theorizing justice uncertainty and linking-pin effectiveness uncertainty, respectively, as two distinct theoretical mechanisms that explain the two proposed destructive effects. Using a multisource and multiphase lagged field study and two vignette-based experiments, we find general support for our model. Our research advances the theories of justice variability, vicarious leadership and (in)justice, and supervisors' linking-pin role effectiveness. We also offer practical insights for managing "Jekyll and Hyde" leadership across organizational hierarchies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Multi-Lasso Peptide-Based Synergistic Nanocomposite: A High-Stability, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agent with Potential for Combined Antibacterial Therapy.

Lasso peptides, natural biological microcins composed of small molecules, have demonstrated efficient bactericidal activity. However, a single lasso peptide is characterized by a narrow and targeted bactericidal spectrum. In this study, a chitosan (CN) derivative-based polymer nanomaterial incorporating three lasso peptides (MccY, MccJ25, and Klebsidin) was designed and synthesized to broaden its antimicrobial spectrum. To enhance resistance to acid and alkali conditions, arginine was appended to the terminus of conjugates, resulting in Chitosan-Lasso-Peptides-Arg (CN-LPs-Arg), and the nanomaterial biocompatibility and bactericidal activity were characterized. Chemical stability test results demonstrate that CN-LPs-Arg effectively buffered the acid-base effect of the compound. Notably, CN-LPs-Arg extended the antimicrobial spectrum of Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains including Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus (MIC = 0.01-1.0 μM). CN-LPs-Arg exerts its destructive effects on bacteria via a series of mechanisms; it adheres to and then penetrates the membrane, causes rupture, and leads to bacterial death. Transcriptomic data revealed that CN-LPs-Arg produced a distinct inhibitory effect on ribosomal protein subunits synthesis pathways and membrane metabolic inhibition. Furthermore, CN-LPs-Arg was nontoxic to cells and exhibited excellent biocompatibility. CN-LPs-Arg reduced bacterial burden in organs and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in tissues of mice with acute bacterial infections. Furthermore, it promoted the recovery of Klebsiella-infected C57BL/6 mice, demonstrating a favorable therapeutic effect in vivo. The multilasso peptide-based synergistic nanocomposite of CN-LPs-Arg exhibited high stability as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent with potential for combined antibacterial therapy and utilization in the fields of food, biomedicine, and public health.

The Analysis of the Thermal Processes Occurring in the Contacts of Vacuum Switches During the Conduction of Short-Circuit Currents

This article presents the results of research on the thermal state of vacuum switch contacts during the conduction of short-circuit currents. This state is directly related to the value of the flowing current and the operating conditions of the switch. These conditions are mildest in the case of the conduction of operating currents through closed contacts. The situation worsens significantly when short-circuit currents are conducted, and the greatest destructive effects occur during commutation processes. Exceeding a certain level of contact destruction usually leads to the loss of the switching capacity of the switch. In vacuum switches, tracking the thermal state of the contacts is particularly difficult due to the inaccessibility of transducers or measurement sensors inside the chamber. In such a case, simulation studies verified by experimental results are important. This paper presents the results of such studies, directed at their practical implementation in the design and operation of vacuum switches. Simulation studies were conducted to analyze the thermal processes occurring in the contacts of vacuum switches during the conduction of short-circuit currents. Special attention was paid to the influence of contact parameters on the thermal processes occurring during the conduction of short-circuit currents. In addition to simulations, experimental studies were carried out to verify the simulation results. Ultimately, the research results presented are intended to provide practical knowledge of the design and operation of vacuum switches, particularly with regard to the contact heating processes during the conduction of short-circuit currents.

Analysis of Unsteady Flow and Interstage Interference of Pressure Pulsation of Two-Stage Pump as Turbine Under Turbine Model

The process pump as turbine (PPAT) serves as a crucial component for recovering high-pressure energy from mediums used in chemical and refining processes. Ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of PPAT in high-temperature and high-pressure environments is essential, with pressure pulsation being one of its most significant external characteristic indicators. This study investigates the evolution of vortex structure distribution and the generation and propagation mechanisms of pressure pulsation in a two-stage PPAT operating in turbine mode. Results indicate that the uniformity of the pressure coefficient (Cp) gradient distribution is poorer in the first stage runner compared to the second stage, with a larger distribution area of high-strength vortices. In the draft tube, vortex strength increases with rising flow rates, and the flow around the circular cylinder on one side gradually develops to both sides. In the two-stage diffusers, the primary source of pressure pulsation is the dynamic and static interference effect between the two impellers and the corresponding diffuser tongue. The interstage interference with a frequency of n*15fn is most pronounced in the inflow runner, gradually weakening along the flow direction, and ultimately disappearing in the draft tube. In addition, more low-frequency signals with a frequency of 0.5fn are captured in the draft tube under large flow conditions, which is mainly generated by the vortex band in the draft tube. The low-frequency pulsation energy is high and the attenuation is slow, which has a great destructive effect on the energy recovery system of the PPAT.