Destructive Behavior Research Articles

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ ЕМОЦІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ ТА ПЕРЕЖИВАННЯ ЗАЗДРОСТІ У ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis and an empirical study of the peculiarities of the relationship between emotional burnout and the phenomenon of envy among education workers. Psychophysical, emotional, intellectual, behavioral, socio-psychological symptoms of emotional burnout are distinguished. Its development is related both to external factors of the environment and the organization of activities, and to personal characteristics. Envy is a complex psychological phenomenon that is a mechanism of destructive behavior. Having a number of positive functions, envy is mostly interpreted as a negative feeling in society. Envy is determined by the lack of internal worldview and psychological balance, harmony. It occurs in dependent, insecure individuals with problematic self-esteem and a history of psychological trauma. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of the relationship between emotional burnout and the phenomenon of envy among employees of higher education institutions. Scientific novelty. It was found that subjects with the “Envy-hostile” type have less pronounced symptoms of emotional burnout. They expect a more positive attitude from others, are self-confident, have self-acceptance and self-sympathy, and less self-blame. Subjects with the “Envy-distrust” type are characterized by a certain degree of hostility to their own “I”, self-rejection, emphasis on their own shortcomings, inadequate self-esteem and readiness for self-blame, reduced self-interest, expectation of a positive attitude towards them from those around them, and a decrease in self-control. Psychological characteristics of people with different types of envy are one of the factors that influence the development of emotional burnout among employees of higher education institutions, since the attitude towards oneself and the world determines the mental and emotional state of the individual. Conclusions. The results obtained in the study confirmed the proposed hypothesis, namely the assumption that employees of higher education institutions diagnosed with a high level of envy-mistrust are more prone to the development of emotional burnout than employees with pronounced envy-hostility. Key words: emotional burnout, envy, employees of educational institutions.

Strength in numbers: A multiphase wind model with multiple cloud populations

ABSTRACT Galactic outflows have a multiphase nature making them challenging to model analytically. Many previous studies have tried to produce models that come closer to reality. In this work, we continue these efforts and describe the interaction of the hot wind fluid with multiple cold cloud populations, with their number density determined by different probability density functions. To do so, we introduced realistic cloud-wind interaction source terms and a time varying cooling area. We find that the model reproduces well results from small-scale hydrodynamic simulations, but exhibits a general destructive behaviour both for a single cloud population as well as multiple ones. We show that including multiple cloud populations can alter the evolution of the wind drastically. We also compare our model to observations and show that the differential acceleration of multiple clouds can lead to a non-negligible velocity ‘dispersion’ relevant for down-the-barrel studies. Furthermore, we compute the emitted cooling surface brightness and find it generally too faint to explain observed Lyman α haloes.

The role of brain activation and inhibition systems on self- Destructive behaviors with the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in teenage girls with borderline personality

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by instability in mood and interpersonal relationships. These patients are on the border between neurosis and psychosis. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of Behavioral Inhibition Systems/Behavioral Activation Systems in self-destructive behaviors in female vocational school students with BPD according to the mediating role of emotional dysregulation. Method: The research had a descriptive-correlational method, and its statistical population consisted of all female students with BPD at technical and vocational schools in an educational district of Tehran. 176 students were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection tool included Jackson and Claridge's Borderline Personality Disorder Scale (1991), Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Questionnaire by Carver and White (1994), Self-Destructive Behaviors Questionnaire by Sansone et al. (1998), and Difficulties in emotion regulation scale by Gratz and Roemer (2004). Data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM method with SmartPLS software. Results: The indirect effect of BIS/BAS on self-destructive behaviors with a mediating role of emotional dysregulation was -0.553 and significant (p<0.05). The direct effect of BIS/BAS on emotional dysregulation was -0.436 and significant (p< 0.05). Furthermore, the direct effect of BIS/BAS on self-destructive behaviors was -0.504 and significant (p<0.05), and the direct effect of emotional dysregulation on self-destructive behaviors was 0.506 and significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between behavioral activation and inhibition systems with self-destructive behaviors according to a mediating role of emotional dysregulation.

Understanding the behavioural challenges of companion parrots

Background: Parrots can make excellent companions; however, it is important to understand that they are not a truly domesticated species. Their behaviours will be similar to their wild counterparts. Parrots are highly intelligent and have complex social and environmental needs, which can be challenging for an owner to meet. Problem behaviours may be truly pathological, such as feather destructive behaviour and self‐mutilation, or may be normal behaviours, perceived by the owner to be a problem, such as screaming. Enrichment provision is a vital part of their husbandry to encourage species‐appropriate behaviours, in particular, foraging.Aim of the article: This article aims to discuss the most common problem behaviours seen in clinical practice, and to describe a logical approach to their management. Behaviour modification techniques and provision of appropriate enrichment are also discussed.

Insights into leadership practices in South African Higher Education

Orientation: The complexity of higher education highlights leadership’s significance. Effective leadership ensures quality education and institutional survival, with senior academics (specifically, professors and associate professors) greatly influencing reputation and research. Exploring senior academics’ leadership experiences is therefore crucial.Research purpose: This study aimed to explore senior academics’ experiences of leadership behaviours at a South African higher education institution, extracting their experiences of positive and negative behaviours.Motivation for the study: Senior academics play significant roles, with vital teaching, research, and reputation contributions to the quality of the university’s educational service. Despite numerous leadership studies, none have explored senior academics’ experiences in South Africa.Research approach/design and method: In this study, a qualitative descriptive design was employed to investigate the experiences and perspectives of 14 senior academics. The participants were selected using stratified random and snowball sampling techniques.Main findings: Participants experienced positive, effective behaviours and negative, destructive behaviours, highlighting the complexity of leadership experiences through contrasting experiences. Positive, effective leadership behaviours include constructive engagement, compassionate support, psychological safety and enabling growth. Negative, destructive leadership behaviours include poor communication and collaboration, eroding integrity and regard, unresolved issues, depersonalisation and toxic practices.Practical/managerial implications: Understanding experiences and implementing recommendations could incorporate positive leadership behaviours into competency frameworks for human resources practices. Awareness of the leadership ethos dichotomy can potentially establish a unique and characteristic leadership culture.Contribution/value-add: This study provides senior academics’ leadership behaviour perspectives and produces lists of positive and negative leadership practices.

Non‐violent resistance treatment for parenting stress and parent–child interaction in parents of adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A pilot study

AbstractParenting a child with anorexia nervosa (AN) is highly stressful, and the struggles around eating have a large impact on family functioning. Parents get involved in conflicts with their child and/or accommodate to the eating disorder symptoms. Non‐violent resistance (NVR) offers an additional treatment option for these families. NVR aims at helping parents effectively deal with their child's (self‐)destructive behaviour and their own helplessness, by non‐violent and non‐escalating means. In our pilot, we examined whether NVR was helpful in reducing stress and improve parent–child interaction. In six parents, it was found that parenting stress was significantly reduced at post‐assessment and at 3‐month follow‐up. For parent–child interaction, a non‐significant trend was found for improvement. Change in body mass index of the adolescents was not associated with the decrease in parenting stress. Although preliminary, the results of this pilot suggest that NVR can be a feasible treatment alternative for families of adolescents with AN.

The Psychology of Adaptive and Maladaptive Relationships between Parents and Children of Senior School Age

The purpose of this article is: to study the concept of “child-parents adaptive relationships”; to describe The Humanistic Conception of child-parents adaptive relations; to present The Psychoanalytic Model of family adaptive education, The Transactional and The Behaviorist Models of Personality Adaptive Education; to describe the results of the experiment with the aim to explain that a person’s implementation of the feature of aggressiveness in destructive maladaptive behavior. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The pilot research was used as an empirical method. The results of the research. We proved, that socio-economic factors of family life (a quality of life, a status of a family, living conditions, monetary income, social status, a level of education of parents) does not have a direct impact on the manifestations of aggression of children, however, its pronounced disadvantage can motivate parents’ aggression towards children, causing the aggression as a response. Conclusions. We proved, that in the typology of a modern family, the main factors associated with manifestations of destructive aggressiveness of children are the influences of the socially disadvantaged microenvironment of the family, which predetermine its manifestations, and the profiles of parental attitudes in it, which determine its manifestations. The influence of the socio-economic characteristics of the family, its structure, composition and number, problems, associated with the health of its members, the culture of their communication, are of great importance in the manifestations of abnormal aggressiveness of children, but to a greater extent these manifestations are mediated by purely psychological family functioning parameters, also parental attitude profile.

Professionals’ account-making of institutional care for youths. Intertwined discretionary spaces and blurred collaborative practice

ABSTRACT In this article, the account-making of social workers and institutional care staff on locked institutional care for youth is analysed, based on empirical material consisting of 10 interviews with 25 members of the two professions. The study departs from a Swedish context where locked institutional care for youth is mainly provided for individuals who are in compulsory care due to criminality, drug abuse, or other socially destructive behaviour. The analytical framework draws on account theory and Emerson’s concept of institutional care as a ‘last resort’. The results show that both social workers and staff use similar justifications and excuses, relating to organizational resources and rules and to assessments and decisions made by the other professional group; but also, that different layers of accounts overlap between professionals’ account-making stories and can change as care proceeds. The results are discussed in relation to the pooled discretion that is exercised when different professional groups are involved in care decisions, and the organizationally specialized care setting resulting in intertwined discretionary spaces and blurred practice, with consequences for the quality of care and challenges in holding professionals accountable.

The First Time I Called Myself a ‘Witch’ Was the Most Magical Moment of My Life: Unmasking the Influence of Christianity in the Persecution of Witches Through Cultural Hegemony

Whereas Christianity and biblical narratives continue to constructively form human, theological, spiritual, and social existence, it cannot be downplayed that these two central components sometimes lead to destructive perceptions, actions, and behaviours. This is because Christianity and the Bible have continually influenced the comprehension of humanity and spirituality for centuries. With particular reference to witchcraft, particularly in the South African context, this article aims to unmask and scrutinise the influence of Christianity in the persecution of witches. To do this, this article elicits three biblical pieces of textual evidence from the Bible as one of the historical Christian narratives. To unmask and address the phenomenon of interest, cultural hegemony as a theoretical framework is applied to these three biblical pieces of textual evidence. As a result of this endeavour, this article makes three notable findings. First, as Christianity could be appreciated for constructively shaping social perceptions, actions, and behaviours, it should be implicated in certain immoralities. Second, some of the historical injustices, such as witch-hunts and the killing of witches, have, in large part, been propagated by Christian and biblical ideologies. Third (last), Christianity, as a dominant culture of its time, ought to be unmasked within the contemporary contexts for the very reason that it continues to (re)shape contemporary societies, and it is undoubtedly patent that it may continue to (re)shape future generational societies. This article’s recommendations and closing remarks underscore the necessity to examine Christianity alongside its biblical voices recurrently.

Retrospective consecutive controlled case series of outcomes for functional analyses of severe destructive behavior.

Functional analysis methods allow clinicians to determine the variable(s) that maintain destructive behavior. Previous reviews of functional analysis outcomes have included large samples of published and unpublished data sets (i.e., clinical samples). The purpose of this review was to conduct a large retrospective consecutive controlled case series of clinical functional analyses. We sought to identify the prevalence of differentiation, procedural modifications for undifferentiated and differentiated cases, and identified function(s) of destructive behavior. In addition, we extended the existing literature by determining whether functional analysis differentiation and function varied when single or multiple behavior topographies were consequated in the functional analysis. We discuss our findings considering previously published functional analysis reviews, provide avenues for future research, and offer suggestions for clinical practice.

Formation of schoolchildren's ideas about the Russian speech ideal based on literary texts

Formation of schoolchildren's ideas about the Russian speech ideal based on literary texts

A longitudinal study of child and adolescent psychopathology in conditions of the war in Ukraine

IntroductionAccording to UNICEF, 2 million children have left the country since the beginning of the war. 2.5 million Ukrainian children are internally displaced persons. Minors often become victims or witnesses of violence.The events of 2022-2023 are the largest military conflict in the world since World War II. The impact on the mental health of the population is characterized by the variety and mass of traumatizing factors.Mental trauma causes PTSD, depressive disorders (DD), anxiety disorders (AD), behavioral disorders (CD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of PTSD and its comorbidities at different stages of experiencing a traumatic experience.Methods785 teen`s displaced from the zone of military operations, occupied territories were surveyed. Examinations included: K-SADS-PL, PSC-17, SCARED, CATS. 260 teen`s were examined during - 6, 400 – 6–12 months after traumatization.ResultsAfter 6 months of trauma, PTSD was diagnosed in 9.8%, ADHD – 10.2%, DD-22.3%, AD-30.8%, CD – 15.4%, 28.8%; examined 6 to 12 months after the injury, respectively: 21.9%, 12.6, 33.3%, 11.5%, 18.0%.ConclusionsIn war-affected children, PTSD is a risk factor for the subsequent development of comorbid depression, anxiety, conduct disorders, and ADHD. Female sex, secondary traumatization after displacement increase the risk of developing depression, signs of pervasive development and ADHD - the risk of destructive and self-injurious behavior. The prevalence of PTSD, DD, ADHD increases within 6-12 months after the trauma, the sensitivity of children with PTSD to secondary traumatic events increases.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Influence of Online Gaming on Behavior of Gamers in Pakistan

This study reveals that online video games have emerged as a novel platform for social interaction, wherein numerous gaming options facilitate player’s competition and collective interaction within the virtual realm. Gamers have increasingly begun to form distinct virtual social communities due to the inherent capacity of these games to facilitate social networking in a multiplayer online setting. This phenomenon has given rise to a unique social dynamic among video game enthusiasts. The present study delves into an exploration of the social gaming behaviour exhibited by participants engaged in multiplayer online games. Additionally, it seeks to establish a correlation between virtual and real-world behaviours by examining the relationship between destructive and constructive social behaviours and the dominance and affiliation dimensions of social interaction. Purpose: Online gaming has become a unique phenomenon among the young players with a significant influence on them. The basic objective of this study was to determine the social interaction caused by online gaming among young game players. This study conducted in Pakistani perspective has achieved the objections set to analyze the influence of online gaming and increased level of social interaction. Design/Methodology/Approach: To conduct this investigation, an online survey was administered to individuals who regularly engage in multiplayer gaming activities and dedicate a substantial portion of their daily time to gaming. The study sample consisted of 200 gamers spanning an age range of 16 to 30 years. Findings: The results of this inquiry shed light on the prevalence of pro-social behaviour and anti-social behaviour, characterized by constructive and destructive actions among gamers, respectively. Furthermore, the study reveals that destructive behaviour negatively predicts affiliation, while constructive behaviour has a positive predictive influence on affiliation. Moreover, certain demographic variables, such as age and gender, exert a significant impact on the prediction of dominance within the gaming community. The findings of this study provide substantial support for the notion that virtual social interactions have a notable influence on real-world behaviours, underscoring the interconnectedness between the online gaming environment and broader social dynamics. Implications/Originality/Value: Online gaming has become a common practice not only among young adults but also among the minors. Thus, this phenomenon has reduced physical activities among the youth and even among the school going children. This study may provide an insight into the matter and possible appropriate recommendations as well.

Are narcissists trolls? A cross-sectional study about aggression, trolling behavior, narcissism, and the moderating role of self-esteem

Whether in social media, in news services, or via instant messaging systems - in places where people communicate online, one can occasionally encounter internet trolls. Trolls are real people, who engage in destructive, aggressive, or disruptive behavior online, usually under the protection of anonymity. In this cross-sectional study the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and trolling behavior was investigated on the basis of four assumptions. To test the hypotheses, data from 149 participants were analyzed. The results indicated that aggression and trolling behavior were positively related. Significant positive correlations of both forms of narcissism with aggression and trolling behavior were obtained. Finally, the extent to which self-esteem exhibits a moderating influence on the association between narcissism and trolling was examined. Specifically, high self-esteem was shown to weaken the correlation between narcissism and trolling behavior. Therefore, high self-esteem neutralized the unfavorable impact of high narcissism on trolling. The findings may serve to better understand the personality structure of trolls and the psychological mechanisms involved in their internet trolling behavior.

Влияние индивидуально-психологических особенностей личности на развитие деструктивного поведения и суицидального риска у офицерского состава Вооруженных Сил РФ

This article presents the results of a study of the psychological preconditions for the development of destructive behavior in servicemen. In order to implement the above, an analysis was carried out of the data obtained in the course of a psychodiagnostic study on the presence or absence of destructive behavior and suicidal risk in officers, as well as options for the joint and separate manifestation of such behavior. The study analyzes indicators on two scales of the DAP-2 questionnaire and all scales of the ITO+ methodology developed by L.N. Sobchik and modified for the armed forces by K. Sugonyaev. To conduct correlation analysis, the Spearman correlation criterion is used. The article also presents a correlation analysis of individual psychological characteristics of a person with indicators of destructive behavior and suicidal risk in officers, regardless of their rank and length of service. It also demonstrates general and particular personality traits that contribute to or hinder the development of both destructive behavior and suicidal risk. The described results of the study will be used in a broader analysis of the psychological prerequisites for the manifestation of destructive behavior in military personnel, and will also be taken into account when developing a training system for future officers of military training centers.

Deviant Behavior of Schoolchildren: Problems and Solutions

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of deviant behavior of schoolchildren, which is still relevant at the present time, which is associated with new approaches to studying the factors of social adaptation and development of a child’s personality through education, since in a certain sense it creates this space and affects his social activity. Methodology. Deviant behavior of schoolchildren is studied from the perspective of a personal approach in the context of psychological and pedagogical aspects of the prevention of destructive behavior. Results. The authors note that currently schools are gradually moving beyond the exclusively educational paradigm, so there is an increased interest in reviving the idea of education with an emphasis on traditional values and patriotism. It is extremely difficult to reintegrate underachieving, problematic students into the school environment, for this it is necessary to change the mentality of teachers and the school education system as a whole, focused not only on leaders, but also outsiders. Within the framework of this article, an attempt is made to describe in a detailed form the whole range of problems that accumulate among minors in family and school settings. Conclusion. In order to successfully combat various kinds of deviations of schoolchildren, it is necessary to know the real causes of maladaptation in order to improve the quality of psychological and pedagogical impact on child development.

Measuring the Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Destructive Leadership Behaviors Among Air Force Students Attending Army Command and General Staff College

Background: The Air Force uses the full range of leadership model (transformational, transactional, and passive-avoidant leadership) to develop leaders. However, there has been less research at how the leadership styles in the full range of leadership model are related to destructive leadership behavior, evidenced by adverse administrative actions. Objective: Conduct a pilot study using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and Destrudo-L in tandem, within a smaller population of Air Force Professional Military Education students, to determine if, and to what degree, a relationship existed between leadership styles and destructive leadership behaviors. Methods: The MLQ-5X and Destrudo-L research instruments were used to collect data from a population sample of the Air Force field grade officers attending professional military education (n = 22). The MLQ-5X measured leadership styles, and the Destrudo-L measured destructive leadership behaviors. Results: Linear regressions measured the relationships between leadership styles and destructive leadership behavior and all regressions found p ≤ 0.005. Transformational leadership behaviors were negatively related to both passive (B = −1.36) and active (B = −0.86) destructive leadership behaviors. Transactional leadership behaviors were also negatively related to both passive (B = −1.3) and active (B = −0.83) destructive leadership behaviors. However, passive-avoidant leadership behaviors had a positive relationship with passive (B = 1.21) and active (B = 0.68) destructive leadership behaviors. Conclusion: This pilot study found a relationship between leadership styles and destructive leadership behavior. However, the cross-sectional design, small population within a single officer rank, setting of a competitive in-residence Professional Military Education course, limit the generalizability of the findings.

The effect of exposure to emotional violence on sexual function, sexual quality of life and psychological well-being in women: Structural equation modeling

Emotional violence is all of the destructive behaviors that humiliate the individual and cause him/her to feel under pressure to disrupt mental health. These destructive behaviors can affect women's sexuality. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of exposure to emotional violence on sexual function, sexual life quality, and psychological well-being in women. The study was conducted in a descriptive and relational screening model. The sample of the study consisted of 213 women. Personal information forms, the female sexual function index, the sexual quality of life questionnaire, the exposure to emotional violence scale, and the psychological well-being scale were used in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the direct and indirect predictive power of the independent variable on the dependent variable.The effect of exposure to emotional violence on psychological well-being (β = −0.323; p < 0.001), and the effect of quality of sexual life on psychological well-being were statistically significant (β =0.315; p < 0.001). Moreover, the effect of exposure to emotional violence on sexual life quality was determined to be statistically significant (β = −0.665; p < 0.001). The effect of quality of sexual life on female sexual function was statistically significant (β = −0.288; p = 0.002). Furthermore, while the effect of psychological well-being on the female sexual function index was not statistically significant (β = −0.101; p = 0.266), the effect of exposure to emotional violence scale on the female sexual function index was statistically significant (β = −0.087; p = 0.373). The mediating role of exposure to emotional violence in the relationship between sexual life quality and psychological well-being was high. Furthermore, the sexual life quality of 43.6 % of women was explained by exposure to emotional violence. On the other hand, 28.7 % of psychological well-being score was explained by the sexual life quality and exposure to emotional violence.

Impact of COVID‐19 lockdown in England on challenging behaviour and adaptive skills for children in a special school: A longitudinal study

AbstractLongitudinal research is crucial to fully assess the putative impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children with an intellectual disability in special school settings—ideally drawing on data pre‐pandemic to be able to evaluate later impact. Data on challenging behaviour and adaptive skills were collected annually for 348 students in one special school across four time points pre‐pandemic and one time point post‐pandemic. Data were analysed using multilevel models with repeated observations over the five time points. There was a decrease in aggressive and destructive behaviours and a decrease in adaptive skills at the post‐pandemic time point, after accounting for other important covariates. There was no evidence of a change in stereotyped or self‐injurious challenging behaviours. Other research using longitudinal methods is rare, but the current findings are consistent with previous research reporting on the impact of COVID‐19 on children and young people, particularly from parent reports. Future considerations for schools include adopting appropriate strategies to support learners to reintegrate back into education. Further research is needed to look at the longer‐term impact of the pandemic on challenging behaviour in children with an intellectual disability.

Psychological contract breaches, plans to quit, and destructive voice behavior: Catalytic effects of proactive personality

How and when might employees’ perceptions of psychological contract breaches escalate into destructive voice behavior? This study predicts a mediating role of plans to quit and a moderating role of a proactive personality in this connection. Cross-sectional survey data, collected among 227 employees who work in the Canadian retail sector, inform the tests of these predictions; the statistical analyses rely on the Process macro, which supports comprehensive assessments of the proposed moderated mediation framework. The results show that a critical reason that beliefs about broken organizational promises stimulate employees to criticize their organization is that they search for alternative employment. This mediating influence of quitting is particularly salient among employees who have a disposition toward action. The study accordingly points to a notable risk for employees who are upset with an organization that does not keep its side of the bargain: They consider quitting their jobs, which spurs them to undertake destructive activities that likely render it more challenging to convince their employer to fix the problem. This harmful dynamic is especially potent among proactive employees who like to take initiative.