Desired Results Research Articles

Eligibility traces in an autonomous soccer robot with obstacle avoidance and navigation policy

As the thematic literature of machine learning suggests, reinforcement learning falls between the two methods of supervised learning and unsupervised learning. In this method, the learning agent receives a reward or punishment from the environment according to its action. Therefore, the learning agent interacts with the environment through trial and error and learns to choose the optimal action to achieve its goal. In the meantime, the eligibility traces are considered as one of the main mechanisms of reinforcement learning in receiving delayed rewards. In the use of conventional reinforcement learning methods, when the learning agent achieves a goal, only the value function of the last state-action pair changes, but all the trace states are affected based on the eligibility traces. In other words, the delayed rewards are distributed throughout the trace. Like the ant pheromone effect, this method can increase learning speed empirically to some extent. A soccer robot on the field encounters moving obstacles such as balls, rival robots, and home robots, and fixed obstacles such as gates and flags, so its environment is in a very dynamic state. Therefore, due to the dynamic environment, it is an important issue for autonomous soccer robots to avoid obstacles and should be considered in real play. The main idea of this study is to determine the appropriate traces for the robot to move towards the ball and ultimately to score with the approach of avoiding obstacles in simulating a real soccer match. The desired results obtained from a game played indicate a high level of online experience and decision-making power in the face of new situations.

Time Optimization Analysis Of Drainage Projects (Case Study: Surya Indah II Complex Drainage Construction)

The rapid development of the world of construction means that competition in the construction services business must be able to compete. Therefore, careful consideration is required to choose a method so that a construction project can run effectively and efficiently with results that meet the objectives, one of which is the Surya Indah II Complex Drainage Construction. In a development project, considerable processing is required, taking into account the increasing size of the project and the complexity of the dependencies between one part of the work and another in a project to achieve the desired results. Proper scheduling along with adequate resource allocation contributes to project success. This is comparable to the Surya Indah II Complex Drainage Development Project in Banjarbaru City, which has a contract value of 1,480,920,041 billion. This project was supposed to be completed in 180 calendar days; however, it was delayed due to a variety of issues, including bad weather, a shortage of labor, and tardy mobilization. According to the data analyzed in this study, the CPM (critical path method) approach has a critical route. The total project period using the CPM approach is 170 days, calculated based on the longest critical route. Work networks studied using the critical path include mobilization work, tree trunk cutting, concrete demolition, asphalt cutting, box culverts, and other tasks. Using the CPM approach, you can cut the job duration by 2.8% of the contract value. The solution to speed up the duration obtained using the CPM method is to add workers, add productivity tools, add working hours to activities that are on the critical path, and add the Earned Value method for optimal results.

A dual mode immunosensing platform constructed on CdIn2S4 near-infrared electrochemiluminescence emitter and AuNPs@g-C3N4 for zearalenone sensing

In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitter CdIn2S4 was synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal strategy. The ECL properties of the obtained CdIn2S4 were examined in the presence of potassium persulfate coreactant at an excitation potential of − 1.25 V. The low trigger voltage of CdIn2S4 may be ascribed to its lower bandgap. This lower excitation potential could effectively reduce the side-effects induced by high voltages, while maintaining the biological activity of antibodides and antigens. The ECL features of CdIn2S4 were also investigated, demonstrating that CdIn2S4 exhibited excellent NIR characteristics, and surface state transitions led to the ECL emission. Importantly, CdIn2S4 was introduced into ECL and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to establish a dual-mode immunosensing interface. Meanwhile, AuNPs@g-C3N4 with excellent properties were used to promote electron transmission and increase the immobilization amount of zearalenone (ZEA) antibodies in the dual-mode sensing system. The developed immunosensing strategy displayed superior sensing performance in ZEA analysis. The detection limits of ZEA were 30 fg mL−1 (ECL model) and 10 fg mL−1 (EIS model), respectively. The desirable recovery results of ZEA in corn samples prove the application potential of the NIR emitter CdIn2S4 in developing a dual-mode immunosensing system for early real-time use.

Human Behavior and Harvest Regulations: Challenges and Opportunities for Fisheries Managers

Harvest regulation is one of the primary tools that natural resource managers use to manage exploited fish and wildlife populations. Unfortunately, the desired results of harvest regulations are frequently not realized. We contend that a broader and more thorough understanding of anglers could improve the success of harvest regulations. Using a case study from an interstate U.S. fishery for Walleye Sander vitreus, we demonstrate the counterintuitive responses anglers exhibited to differing Walleye harvest regulations. Three possible reasons are explored, using theories from social–science disciplines, to explain why anglers released a greater proportion of larger Walleye under a more liberalized harvest regulation: (1) harvest regulations serving as goals for anglers, (2) resolution of cognitive dissonance provided by restrictive harvest regulations, and (3) the perceived “value” assigned to specific fish or wildlife entity by harvest regulations. We conclude by discussing how taking an interdisciplinary approach (e.g., sociology, psychology, economics) to understanding angler behavior could be an exciting frontier for fisheries management and how this approach specifically holds promise for improving the success of harvest regulations.

Pseudospectral analysis for multidimensional fractional Burgers equation based on Caputo fractional derivative

This study presents the Chebyshev pseudospectral approach in time and space to approximate a solution to the time-fractional multidimensional Burgers equation. The suggested approach utilizes Chebyshev–Gauss–Lobatto (CGL) points in both spatial and temporal directions. To figure out the fractional derivative matrix at CGL points, we use the Caputo fractional derivative formula. Further, the Chebyshev fractional derivative matrix is utilized to reduce the given problem in an algebraic system of equations. The numerical approach known as the Newton–Raphson is implemented to get the desired results for the system. Error analysis for the set of values of ν\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \ u $$\\end{document} is done for various model examples of fractional Burgers equations, where ν\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\ u $$\\end{document} represents the fractional order. The computed numerical results are in perfect agreement with the exact solutions.

Implementasi Model Project Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan (PKK) pada Kelas XI Jurusan Teknik Pemesinan di SMK Negeri 2 Dumai

Vocational education is designed to develop skills, abilities, understanding, teamwork attitudes and an appreciation that includes the knowledge and information needed by a worker to enter and make progress in a useful and productive job. Factors that support the creation of quality graduates are found in the subjects of Creative Products and Entrepreneurship. This study aims to analyze the Implementation of the Project Based Learning Model on Learning Outcomes in Creative Products and Entrepreneurship (PKK) Subjects in Class XI of the Machining Engineering Department at SMK Negeri 2 Dumai. This research is a class action research (PTK) or often also called classroom action research. This Jhon Elliot model classroom action research consists of pre-cycle, first cycle and second cycle to achieve the desired results. This study uses an instrument in the form of an assessment rubric that is used to see student learning outcomes in creative product and entrepreneurship subjects with the application of project-based learning models referring to the results of projects made by students. Based on the results of research and discussion, class action research on the subject of Creative Products and Entrepreneurship in class XI Machining Engineering SMK N 2 Dumai can be concluded as follows. 1) Efforts to improve learning outcomes using project-based learning models in class XI TP in the subject of Creative Products and Entrepreneurship have been successfully implemented and are able to improve student learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 2 Dumai. 2) With the project-based learning model, teachers have other choices in determining learning models so that it can be a solution in improving student learning outcomes.

Marketing Dynamics of Grapes in Pune Division: Channels, Efficiency, and Stakeholder Issues

India emerging as the world's second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables. Farmers who produce agricultural products are spread over distant communities whereas customers live in semi-urban or urban areas. This produce must reach consumers for final usage and consumption. This product passes via various agencies and functionaries before reaching the consumer. The study objective is to identify different marketing channels of Grapes, estimate the price spread and marketing efficiency of identified channels, and identify Problems faced by different stakeholders. Primary data were collected through 60 farmers and 30 intermediaries. A descriptive study design with a non-probability sampling method and purposive sampling technique was employed. Tabular, percentage and Garrett ranking methods were utilized for data analysis to obtain the desired results. From this study, four marketing Channels were found namely Channel I (Farmer – village trader- wholesalers cum commission agents - Retailer - Consumer), Channel II (Farmer – pre-harvest contractor- wholesalers cum commission agents - Retailer - Consumer), Channel III (Farmer -Wholesaler cum commission agent - Retailer – Consumer) and Channel IV (Farmer - Company CC - Company DC - Consumer. Channel III stands out with the highest producer's share in the consumer's rupee (62.43%) and the highest marketing efficiency (1.66). The majority of farmers faced the challenge of high costs incurred for the purchase of inputs and for the transportation of produce. The quality variation was a major problem faced by village traders. Price fluctuation was a major problem faced by pre-harvest contractors. Facing competition from other private players was a major problem for private companies. Quality variation was a major problem for the wholesaler cum commission agent. Retailers' major problems were price fluctuation followed by high transportation costs.

A Framework for Extensive Content-Based Image Retrieval System Incorporating Relevance Feedback and Query Suggestion

Over the last decade, there is a huge amount of images in which visual information has become increasingly important. If the images are to be utilized, they must be organized into databases, from there it can be searched based on different criteria. Content-based Image retrieval (CBIR) frameworks have turned into a mainstream subject of exploration; for their ability to retrieve images based on the real visual content rather than by manually connected textual descriptions. In the CBIR framework, analysis and interpretation of image information in large and diverse image databases is evidently complex because there is no prior information on the size or scale of individual structures within the images to be analyzed. In CBIR, retrieval is based on visual image features, which can be extracted automatically from the images with the help of human intervention, namely a technique called relevance feedback. Nonetheless, an efficient way of differentiating the visual content of images is complex to produce. Therefore, rather than a perfect solution CBIR systems must be able to exploit a partial solution to the problem of image understanding. In this paper, there is implementation of a CBIR framework is introduced that not only tries to efficiently capture the user intent based on the feedback but also provide query suggestions that can help its users to pose better queries in order to retrieve desired results in an efficient manner. The proposed technique is straightforward to implement and scopes efficiently to huge datasets. Extensive experiments on diverse real datasets with image similarity measures have revealed the dominance of the proposed method over original algorithms.

The influence of synchronization of HR and PR practices in developing a strong CSR culture

Cultivating a CSR culture in an organization requires coordinated efforts spanning various functions in that organization. While former research has investigated the independent effects of HR and PR practices on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) culture, a critical gap exists regarding their combined influence, and their role in promoting individual social responsibility. This study investigates the novel concept of synergistic HR-PR practices, elucidating how positioning these functions strengthens employees’ individual social responsibility, ultimately fostering a robust and enduring CSR culture. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research begins with a qualitative single-case study to gain insights into the process. Subsequently, a quantitative survey (N = 160) is conducted, with data analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. The results confirmed the significant relationship between the synchronization of HR-PR practices and a strong CSR culture through the mediating effects of individual responsibility. This finding unveiled the fundamental role of consistent and synchronized external and internal CSR messaging in promoting employees’ individual social responsibility, which in turn helps them embrace their role in upholding a strong CSR culture within the organization. This finding significantly advances the HR-PR-CSR discourse and offers valuable guidance for policymakers aiming to achieve desired CSR results.

Perceptions of non-formal education by gender, level of education and field of study

PurposeMany studies point out that a complication in the professional training is connected with the division of education into the formal and non-formal part. There is a need to integrate these two components to achieve a greater learning effect. The aim of the study is to find out whether students perceive non-formal education as important and to identify which form of extracurricular education they prefer. The aim of this study is to find the relationships among the variables of the educational process of young people.Design/methodology/approachAround 844 Czech secondary and tertiary students participated in the study. The participants expressed their attitudes towards non-formal education through a questionnaire. Welch’s ANOVA test and Games-Howell’s Post-Hoc test were used to verify the hypotheses. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine correlation relationships.FindingsStudents perceive non-formal education as important. The importance was perceived significantly least by high school and beginning university students in technical fields. Digital forms of education are favoured by students. Significant differences in this area are connected with the different field of study. Students are interested especially in the particular area of non-formal education that is connected with their field of study.Originality/valueThe study provides desirable results in relation to the possible adaptation of education to the needs of students. The article reminds that digital education is promoted because of its flexibility and changing competencies. Specific forms of non-formal education will be appropriate to differentiate according to the fields and the age of students.

Modulation instability and optical wave profiles for the conformable Schrödinger–Poisson dynamical system

This manuscript studies the exact solitary wave profiles for the conformable Schrödinger–Poisson dynamical system. This system has a significant role in gravity’s quantum state operation approximates the interaction between quantum mechanics and gravitation. The diverse exact solitary wave profiles are constructed by using the Khater method. The different closed-form solutions are obtained such as dark, singular, hyperbolic, periodic, and plane waves. Moreover, the modulation instability is also discussed for this dynamical system. To, show the physical significance of desired results we plot the 3D and 2D plots along with the related contour graphs, which are also drawn. The constraint criteria for the exact solutions are also exposed.

How efficient are Indian banks? An application of stochastic frontier analysis

Purpose This study aims to investigate the efficiency of Indian commercial banks from 2002 to 2018 using the stochastic frontier analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the parametric approach of the stochastic frontier to examine the technical efficiency of banks acknowledging exogenous shocks, omitted variables and measurement errors, filling a gap in the existing financial literature. The scope of this study was constrained to 71 scheduled commercial banks to make it manageable and productive with 1,036 observations. Findings The results show that the mean technical efficiency of new private banks remained constant at 92.7% during the study period because of technology diffusion in banking systems. The technical efficiency of the nationalized, old private and foreign banks has enhanced over the period because of the efficient utilization of various innovative information technology services such as mobile banking, cheque truncation system, magnetic ink character recognition. However, the foreign banks are still laggards with a mean technical efficiency of 81.7%. The empirical findings suggest that new private sector banks depict higher efficiency than nationalized, old private and foreign banks. Research limitations/implications This study’s sample represents all categories of banks (public, private and foreign) including the banks that merged or consolidated during the period of study. To achieve the desired results, the authors incorporate the consolidated and merged banks in their data set. Further, the authors excluded all scheduled small finance banks and scheduled payment banks from their analysis, as these entities commenced operations post-2015. Additionally, the authors also excluded regional rural banks because of their distinct mandate aimed at servicing the rural populace and agricultural sector. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on the performance of conventional banks in general and emerging markets, in particular, using the most recent data and covering a relatively long period using the stochastic frontier approach.

Psychological, physical, and social capitals: A balanced approach for more effective human capital in today’s organizations and life

In this article, we propose a comprehensive and integrated approach for recognizing, managing, developing, and leveraging positive human capital for successful outcomes in a variety of organizational and life domains. We call this conceptual framework the Balanced Positive Human Capital Equation. With the ultimate goal of obtaining “The Good Life,” the first part of our simply called HumCap equation consists of Psychological Capital (i.e., PsyCap). The positive psychological resources which comprise one’s PsyCap have after 20 years of evidence been clearly determined to be Hope, Efficacy, Resilience, and Optimism (i.e. “the HERO within”). The second part of our proposed HumCap equation includes Physical Capital (i.e., PhyCap). Some important dimensions of this PhyCap we suggest should include Mindfulness, Exercise, Nutrition, and Deep Breathing (i.e., “MEND your health”). The final pillar of this balanced approach to HumCap we propose includes Social Capital (SocCap). As established drivers of well-being and performance, we focus on the recognized important SocCap resources of Faith, Relationships/Networks, Organizational Culture, Noncognitive Empathy, and Teams/Communities (i.e., provide “A united FRONT”). We propose that these three positive psychological, physical, and social capital resources are interactive and when combined and, especially in balance, research and practice will support synergistic, desirable results. In constant pursuit of “The Good Life,” it is hoped the conceptual framework proposed in this article will provide a guide for developing stronger and more balanced human capital that is optimally suited to meet life’s worthwhile pursuits and wellness outcomes.

Stimulation of sensory receptors by dynamic muscle reprogramming in patients with immediate post-stroke sequelae and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation: a systematic review

Objective: Review and synthesize the effectiveness of the dynamic muscle reprogramming method with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation after stroke. Method: This is a literature review carried out in the Pubmed, Scielo, Physiotherapy Evidence Databese, Virtual Health Library, and Cochrane Library databases, between August 2021 and April 2022, including works that addressed PNF and the dynamic muscle reprogramming method. Results: 286 articles were found in the different databases and analyzed in different stages, starting with the title and abstract. 1 selected from PubMed, 4 eligible and only 1 selected; only selected from Cochrane Library; and in PEDro only 1 included. Conclusion: We did not achieve the aim of the study, however, we can elucidate that both methods promote effective stimulation of the somatosensory system. RDM stimulation is by voice command, without manipulation by the therapist, and micro-movements are made in the proprioceptive elements by the individual themselves to achieve the desired results.

Identity Politics within Kentucky’s Civil Service and the Growth of the Bureaucratic State

AbstractFor five decades now the various levels of government in the United States, through the use of affirmative action and diversity policies, have sought a more racially and gender-wise equitable society with respect to equal employment opportunity. Governments established hiring goals for women and racial minorities. Goals became quotas as state and local governments (and private employers) that were dependent on federal money made certain that goals produced desired results by preferring people based on their race or gender. This article is a case study of how the Commonwealth’s welfare cabinet over two decades ago used long-standing civil service regulations and policies to pursue preferential employment practices while conterminously pursuing greater societal equity by reducing governmental oversight of welfare programs. All this foreshadowed President Biden’s iteration of affirmative action—federal equity directives regarding employment preferences and greater conditions of equality. After the events described herein, Democratic Kentucky transformed itself into a Republican state.

Accuracy of the defining characteristics of respiratory nursing diagnoses in patients with COVID-19.

To analyze the accuracy of the defining characteristics of four respiratory nursing diagnoses (ND) in patients with COVID-19 and on oxygen therapy. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in four Brazilian public hospitals in two regions of the country. A total of 474 patients with COVID-19 receiving oxygen therapy were assessed. Latent-adjusted class analysis with random effects was used to establish the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the defining characteristics evaluated for each ND. Among the ND that constituted the study (impaired spontaneous ventilatory, impaired gas exchange, ineffective airway clearance, and dysfunctional ventilatory weaning response), the following defining characteristics had the highest simultaneous Se and Sp (>0.8): decrease in tidal volume, confusion, irritability, dyspnea, decreased breath sounds, orthopnea, impaired ability to cooperate and respond to coaching, and decrease in the level of consciousness. Recognizing the clinical signs that predict respiratory ND in patients affected by COVID-19 can contribute to the nurse's accurate diagnostic inference and designate the appropriate nursing interventions to achieve the desired results and avoid complications.

Fa’aaliyah Tahriqah al Tanwiim al Mighnathisii (Hypnoteaching) fii Ta’liim Mahaarah al Qira’ah bi Madrasah Muhammadiyah al Tsanawiyah Malang

The purpose of learning maharoh qiroah is to familiarize students with understanding what they read from books or other things, they can understand it properly and quickly without difficulty. However, in maharoh qiroah learning there are several obstacles including learning using which is boring for students, students have difficulty understanding the material being taught. To overcome this problem, researchers offer maharoh qiroah teaching using hypnoteaching, in order to create dynamic and intertwined teaching, and increase their enthusiasm to get the desired results. This aims of this research to find out how yelling, magic questions, and emotional clocks are applied using the hypnoteaching method in maharoh qiroah learning at MTs Muhammadiyah 2 Malang; and to find out how far the effectiveness of using the hypnoteaching method is in learning maharoh qiroah at MTs Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. This research is quantitative and qualitative approaches, and data collection uses pre-test and post-test, direct observation, and interviews. In analyzing the data, the researcher used an independent sample test t-test.The results of this study are that hypnoteaching can to make students feel confident in receiving the material, to increase students' enthusiasm in learning, to create rapprochement between teachers and students, and to create a positive learning environment: encourage students to participate actively in learning, can increase the joy and enthusiasm of students in learning, and make the learning atmosphere fun; The magic questions can provide student learning solutions, provide psychological encouragement to students, and direct student learning goals; The emotional hours can help maintain calm during learning, and make students disciplined in participating in learning; Whereas for the Independent Sample Test results obtained significant results (0.00) smaller than (0.05), these results indicate that the hypnoteaching method is able to improve learning outcomes of maharoh qiroah. And from the N-Gain Score test, the results for the experimental class were 50,59%, so it was found to be effective

Multi-band image synchronous fusion model based on task-interdependency

Synchronous multi-band image fusion is a challenging, yet urgent task in the development of high-precision detection systems. This study proposes a novel method for synchronous fusion modeling of multi-band images based on task-interdependency. In the proposed method, the task of image fusion is divided into two mutually exclusive sub-tasks that produce bright thermal targets and obtain precise textural details. First, two generators with different network structures and several discriminators produce a preliminary fused image. Second, an image fusion strategy is defined using a model- and data-driven theory to obtain fused images. Then, each discriminator classifies the fused image and source images of each band to force the generators to produce the desired results. A novel loss function is constructed to enhance the fused effect by selecting the most significant gradient loss and loss of brightness. Finally, the network is trained based on a multi-generative adversarial framework.The trained generators can be used individually or jointly as a model for fusing multiple images. We verified our method with several datasets and determined that it outperforms other current methods.

Do Teachers’ Beliefs in the Rationale for Learning and teaching Arabic Support the Intended Specific Purpose?

The present study was developed to assess teachers' beliefs on (1) the rationale for learning Arabic in independent Muslim secondary schools in the UK; (2) Arabic language resources used at these schools; (3) the types of Arabic taught in these schools. Four independent Muslim secondary school teachers of Arabic from Greater London, Birmingham, and Walsall participated in this small-scale qualitative study. Through the semi-structured interview schedule, teachers were asked to answer questions about the rationale for learning Arabic, what types of Arabic they teach, and the resources they use to support the intended goals. Thematic analysis was used to examine the data. Overall findings imply that teachers typically hold similar opinions regarding the three subjects under consideration. Since many teachers exhibit attitudes that imply limited awareness of the desired results, the article discusses the necessity of introducing modules on Arabic for special purposes and Arabic language teacher training programmes. The report advises authors and policymakers to provide resources tailored toward Arabic for specific purposes.

New classes of difference cum-ratio-type exponential estimators for a finite population variance in stratified random sampling

The problem of estimating the variance of a finite population is an important issue in practical situations where controlling variability is difficult. During experiments conducted in the fields of agriculture and biology, researchers often face this issue, resulting in outcomes that appear uncontrollable for the desired results. Using auxiliary information effectively has the potential to enhance the precision of estimators. This article aims to introduce improved classes of efficient estimators that are specifically designed to estimate the study variable's finite population variance. When stratified random sampling is used, these estimators are particularly efficient when the minimum and maximum values of the auxiliary variable are known. The bias and mean squared error (MSE) of the proposed classes of estimators are determined by a first-order approximation. In order to evaluate their performance and verify the theoretical results, we performed simulation research. The proposed estimators show higher percent relative efficiencies (PREs) in all simulation scenarios compared to other existing estimators, according to the results. Three datasets are utilized in the application section, which are used to further validate the effectiveness of the proposed estimators.