Test Design Research Articles

SHR-8068 combined with adebrelimab and bevacizumab in the treatment of refractory advanced colorectal cancer: study protocol for a single-arm, phase Ib/II study.

The third-line treatment for refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) has limited efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SHR-8068 (an anti-CTLA-4 antibody), combined with adebrelimab (an anti-PD-L1 antibody), and bevacizumab in refractory non-microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) CRC. This study is a prospective, open-label, single-center phase Ib/II clinical trial. Patients with pathologically confirmed pMMR/non-MSI-H metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma who have failed ≥2 lines prior standard systemic treatments will be enrolled (n=36). The Ib phase will evaluate two dosing regimens of SHR-8068 in combination therapy (n=9 each dosage): SHR-8068 (1 mg per kilogram, every six weeks, intravenously) or SHR-8068 (4 mg per kilogram, every twelve weeks, intravenously) combined with adebrelimab (1200 mg, every three weeks, intravenously) and bevacizumab (7.5 mg per kilogram, every three weeks, intravenously). The efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of these regimens will be assessed to determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of SHR-8068. Those of RP2D group from the phase Ib will be included in the phase II. The study will go to include 18 additional patients according to the one-sample log-rank test design in the phase II. The primary endpoint of the Ib phase is safety, with secondary endpoints including the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and quality of life (QOL). The primary endpoint for phase II was PFS, with secondary endpoints including ORR, OS, DCR, safety, and QOL. Identifying biomarkers to predict the efficacy of this regimen is the exploratory study endpoint. This proof-of-concept study would provide safety and efficacy signals of this novel combination treatment for the MSS CRCs in the late-line setting. And it may offer new insights on the clinical application of dual immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic therapy in the MSS CRC.

Experimental Study on Proportion Optimization of Rock-like Materials Based on Genetic Algorithm Inversion.

It is very important to clarify the optimization method of the rock-like material ratio for accurately characterizing mechanical properties similar to the original rock. In order to explore the optimal ratio of rock-like materials in gneissic granite, the water-paste ratio, iron powder content and coarse sand content were selected as the influencing factors of the ratio. An orthogonal test design and sensitivity analysis of variance were used to obtain the significant influencing factors of the ratio factors on seven macroscopic mechanical parameters, including compressive strength σc, tensile strength σt, shear strength τf, elastic modulus E, Poisson's ratio ν, internal friction angle φ and cohesion c. A multivariate linear regression equation was constructed to obtain the quantitative relationship between the significant ratio factors and the macroscopic mechanical parameters. Finally, a rock-like material ratio optimization program based on genetic algorithm inversion was written. The results show that the water-paste ratio had extremely significant effects on σc, σt, τf, E, ν and c. The iron powder content had a highly significant effect on σc, σt, τf and c, and it had a significant effect on ν and φ. Coarse sand content had a significant effect on σc, E and c. The multiple linear regression model has good reliability after testing, which can provide theoretical support for predicting the macroscopic mechanical parameters of rock-like materials to a certain extent. After testing, the ratio optimization program works well. When the water-paste ratio is 0.5325, the iron powder content is 3.975% and the coarse sand content is 15.967%, it is the optimal ratio of rock-like materials.

Comparative effects of open-skill and closed-skill sports on executive function in university students: a 16-week quasi-experimental study.

Previous reviews have often concluded that open-skill sports are more effective at enhancing executive function (EF) than closed-skill sports. However, this conclusion may not hold for closed-skill sports with high cognitive demands, such as golf. This study aimed to compare the effects of football (open-skill) and golf (closed-skill) training on enhancing EF in university students. Using a quasi-experimental, pre-post test design, 63 male participants were assigned to three groups: football (n = 21), golf (n = 21), and a sedentary control group (n = 21). Over 16 weeks of training, the intervention groups engaged in four 90-min training sessions per week, while the control group attended one 80-min physical education class per week. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. EFs, including inhibition control and working memory, were assessed using the Flanker task and Corsi-block tapping task, respectively. Cardiovascular fitness (CRF) was measured by the multi-stage fitness test. The golf group showed significant improvements in inhibition control from pre- to post-intervention (p = 0.02, d = 0.26), while the football and control groups did not exhibit significant changes. Post-intervention comparisons indicated no significant differences in EF performance between the golf and football groups; however, both outperformed the control group (golf, p = 0.002, d = 0.99; football, p = 0.01, d = 0.67). No significant improvement was observed in working memory for any group. Additionally, changes in CRF were not significantly correlated with EF performance. This study provides preliminary evidence that golf, a closed-skill sport with high cognitive demands, can effectively improve inhibitory control after 16 weeks of training. This improvement is comparable to that observed in football, an open-skill sport. The findings also suggest that the cognitive demands of the sports, rather than improvements in physical fitness, may be primarily responsible for the enhancements in EF.

Bearing performance and failure mechanisms of HSCM piles in marine soft soil under lateral loads

Helix Stiffened Cement Mixing (HSCM) pile represents a novel type of grouted composite pile known for its excellent compressive and tensile performance. Based on field tests, this study introduces a laboratory-based test design methodology and piling technique for HSCM piles. A comprehensive analysis of their horizontal bearing capacity, pile-soil failure mode, optimal piling technique, and reinforcement mechanism is performed. SEM-EDS technology is utilized at a microscopic scale to examine the reinforcement mechanism of HSCM piles. Through ABAQUS finite element simulation, a full-scale model simulating the HSCM pile-soil interaction is developed. The analysis includes pile cross-sectional stress, displacement, and pile-soil failure mode. The p−y curve of the HSCM pile is then plotted, elucidating the reinforcement mechanism of cemented soil. The results indicate that compared to ordinary helical piles, the horizontal bearing capacity of HSCM piles increases by 125.9%. SEM-EDS images reveal that cement and kaolin form a mutual bond, enhancing the strength of the soil around the pile. Additionally, unlike other composite piles, the direction of soil flow around HSCM piles encircles the first helix of the pile core. This research offers a design basis for understanding the horizontal bearing performance and failure mechanisms of HSCM piles in marine soft soil.

A-353 Lay User testing of Rapid Multiplexed HIV/TP test

Abstract Background Palladium Diagnostics had developed a rapid, multiplexed POC assay for Syphilis and HIV for fingerstick whole blood. To increase potential patient engagement and simplify sample collection it was decided to expand the sample type from fingerstick whole blood to saliva without changing the test time or performance. Additionally, the test was designed to have a lower carbon footprint by using a bioplastic (environmentally friendly foam) for structural components rather than injection molded parts as are commonly used in other assays. The assay was run both by professional users in a lab setting and lay users in the field. Methods A flow through rapid assay was produced and tested both by professional users in a lab setting using library sample and by lay users in a field setting using self collected samples. Results The results are shown in table 1, the assay performance was broadly similar for both whole blood and saliva, however the saliva dataset was much smaller for the professional use setting. The human factor analysis from the lay user field studies showed that they preferred the saliva collection procedure however for a small subset of subjects it proved difficult to collect sufficient sample for testing. For subjects who were able to collect adequate sample the results corresponded well between the device and lab-based ELISA. Conclusions The lay user experience validated test design and function and proved the usability in the field.

Unveiling the link between test anxiety, online engagement, and academic achievement: insights from LMS interaction data

ABSTRACT There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of test anxiety in learning contexts. However, currently little is known about test anxiety experienced in online assessment and its role in online learning efforts and outcomes based on insights from Learning Management Systems (LMS) interaction data. This study investigated the mediating role of test anxiety in the relationship between behavioral engagement and academic achievement. To test the research model, the study data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling approach. The analyses drew on data from 2994 online distance learners. Behavioral engagement of students was derived from learning analytics indicators based on LMS interaction data. Our results showed that test anxiety reduces the positive effect of online behavioral engagement on academic achievement. This study provides valuable insights for educators, students, and test designers in understanding the dynamics between online test anxiety, behavioral engagement and academic achievement and developing effective strategies for online learning. This analysis highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between these factors for educators, students, and test designers to develop effective online learning strategies.

Validation of a Motion Sickness Prediction Model via Flight Tests on DLR’s Bo-105 Helicopter

In previous work, a motion sickness prediction model aimed at vertical lift applications was developed. To validate this model, flight tests with an MBB Bo-105 Helicopter owned and operated by the DLR were conducted. In total, 32 test subjects were flown in 16 sorties on 30 min sinusoidal flight paths of various frequencies. The test design and implementation included the development of a suitable measurement flight instrumentation, auditive cueing systems for accurate following of the test trajectory, and questionnaires for recording motion sickness during flight. The results are analyzed, and it is shown that the previously developed motion sickness prediction model agrees well with the motion sickness observed during flight in the case of medium motion sickness.

Optimization of impeller parameters for hydrodynamic turbine based on multi-objective orthogonal test design

Abstract The inherent instabilities within the structure of turbine-type energy recovery integrated machine (TT-ERIM) can compromise its smoothness and longevity, potentially leading to malfunctions. The dynamics of the dual-side impeller of TT-ERIM is research using computational fluid dynamics software CFX and manipulating the inlet flow rate. The pressure pulsation and radial force on each side under different flow conditions, and their impact on the hydraulic performance of the impeller and volute are compared and evaluated through unsteady numerical calculations. The results show that the pressure fluctuation pattern of a hydraulic turbine impeller is suboptimal at low flow rates, escalating at conditions below the rated flow. Conversely, the pressure fluctuations of the turbine impeller remain consistent and are slightly reduced with excessively high flow rates. Generating a negative pressure zone in the turbine impeller indicates an uneven overall pressure distribution. This research provides a theoretical platform for enhancing the TT-ERIM operational stability.

Customizing Bayesian multivariate generalizability theory to mixed-format tests.

Mixed-format tests, which typically include dichotomous items and polytomously scored tasks, are employed to assess a wider range of knowledge and skills. Recent behavioral and educational studies have highlighted their practical importance and methodological developments, particularly within the context of multivariate generalizability theory. However, the diverse response types and complex designs of these tests pose significant analytical challenges when modeling data simultaneously. Current methods often struggle to yield reliable results, either due to the inappropriate treatment of different types of response data separately or the imposition of identical covariates across various response types. Moreover, there are few software packages or programs that offer customized solutions for modeling mixed-format tests, addressing these limitations. This tutorial provides a detailed example of using a Bayesian approach to model data collected from a mixed-format test, comprising multiple-choice questions and free-response tasks. The modeling was conducted using the Stan software within the R programming system, with Stan codes tailored to the structure of the test design, following the principles of multivariate generalizability theory. By further examining the effects of prior distributions in this example, this study demonstrates how the adaptability of Bayesian models to diverse test formats, coupled with their potential for nuanced analysis, can significantly advance the field of psychometric modeling.

Boosting Antioxidant Defense: The Effect of Astaxantin on Superoxidase Dismutase and Malondialdehyde Reduction in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Cisplatin Chemotherapy.

Background: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) can be decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) can be increased in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) as a result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) brought on by cisplatin. Astaxanthin is one of the external antioxidants required to combat ROS by raising SOD and lowering MDA. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that astaxanthin can raise SOD and lower MDA in patients with HNC caused by cisplatin. Methods: 42 research subjects were randomly assigned to two groups in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial pre-post test design. Astaxanthin 4 mg BID was administered to the treatment group, whereas a single dosage of 500 mg of vitamin C and 250 mg of vitamin E IU was given to the control group. According to the Mann Whitney test, if p < 0.05, there is a significant difference in the delta of the decrease in SOD and MDA levels between the astaxanthin and vitamin C & E groups. Results: There were 42 research subjects, with a mean age of 48.2 years, a 2:1 male to female ratio, 23 (54.8%) with nasopharyngeal cancer, 32 (76.2%) with stage IV, 14 (33.3%) with cycle IV, 24 (57.1%) with paclitaxel-Cisplatin, 31 (73.8%) with Eastern Cooperative Oncological Group (ECOG) I, and 31 (73.8%) with Normal Body Mass Index. While there was a substantial drop in MDA (p=0.000), there was no significant difference in the delta reduction in SOD (p=0.443). Conclusion: Patients with HNC who receive cisplatin chemotherapy can have an increase in SOD and a decrease in MDA after receiving astaxanthin for 21 days.

Combining Ability Analysis for Quality Traits in Selected Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.)

Fifteen hybrid combinations developed by crossing five lines and three testers were assessed for milling and physio-chemical qualities to evaluate the combining ability of the parents using a line x tester design. This investigation provided information about the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and the specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses from eight popular inbred varieties. C70 was considered the best general combiner for the head rice recovery trait, while the crosses involving C70 with DH18 and CR203, 13/2 with TBR225 and Xi23, and OM6976 with TBR45 showed significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Xi23 and OM6976 among the lines showed significant general combining ability (GCA) effects indicating them to be good general combiners for obtaining hybrids with desirable (low or intermediate) properties of amylose content. The variances due to SCA were of greater magnitude than GCA for all the traits, revealing the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the studied attributes. In all the studied quality traits, the narrow sense heritabilities were ordered as follows: head rice recovery &gt; amylose content &gt; gel consistency &gt; alkali digestion &gt; hulling percentage &gt; milling percentage. The narrow sense heritabilities in these traits were quite low, ranging from 8.11% to 14.4%. Among the eight parents, C70, Xi23, and TBR225 were the most ideal for high-quality line breeding.

Empirical Analysis of Physics Test Instruments to Measure Graphical Representation Abilities in “Temperature and Heat” Topics

This study focused on developing physics test instruments for senior high school students on the topics of temperature and heat. The study aimed to determine (i) the quality of the test instrument content, (ii) the feasibility of the test instrument, and (iii) students’ graphic representation abilities on “Temperature and Heat” topics. The test instrument development went through three stages, namely test design, testing, and test assembly. The test instrument was tested in the Science Class XII of the Public Senior High School 5 Yogyakarta with a total of 195 students as research subjects. The item analyzes in this study included analysis of model validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and level of students’ ability. The research results showed that the test instrument for the graphical representation of “Temperature and Heat” topics had good content quality but still needed to be improved. The feasibility of the graphic representation test instrument showed that there were seven items that were declared valid and reliable even though the items tested did not conform to the Raschmodel. However, these seven items were still suitable for use on a wide scale to measure graphical representations of “Temperature and Heat” topics. Finally, in the analysis of students’ abilities regarding graphical representation individually, the largest percentage was in the low category, while, overall, the students’ abilities level was classified as medium. Thus, it was necessary to improve question items that involve graphical representation that meet the criteria for good, valid, and reliable question items, and can improve students’ graphic representation abilities.

Understanding Barriers to STEM: Teachers' Insights on African American Underrepresentation

This study focuses on the development of a measurement instrument to identify Middle and High School mathematics and science teachers’ beliefs about the main factors of underrepresentation of African American students in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. The research method using the stages of instrument development were (1) test design which involved construction of initial item pool by conducting extensive review of literature and coding of participating teachers personal statements (2) determination of validity which involved expert review process to confirm construct and face validity of items, (3) pilot testing which involved collecting data from a second set of participants, (4) determination of reliability which involves conducting a reliability analysis based on data collected from pilot testing and (5) determination of factorial structure which involved Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to identify underlying factors in participating teachers’ belief structures. First, to obtain trustworthy information, voluntary middle and high school mathematics and science teachers were asked to write personal statements where they explain their main reasons for choosing teaching as a career. Secondly, qualitative data obtained from participating teachers’ personal statements were coded. Coding was applied to identify and to group the phrases or sentences that convey the same or similar reasons. Then results from an extensive literature review on this topic were blended in teachers’ common expressions which were determined because of coding procedure. Then 8 content experts assessed content validity and face validity. Finally, the survey was piloted to African American middle and high school mathematics and science teachers. Fifty-three (53) surveys were completed and received back from teachers. Then, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify any underlying factors in the scale. Reliability analyses were also conducted for both the entire survey and for each of the factors. Results of the study suggested four underlying components: (1) Access and Resources, (2) Role Models and Representation, (3) Bias and Discrimination, (4) Curriculum and Pedagogy.

Impact of the “Mengabu (Facing Ash Storms) Disaster Preparedness” Program on Adolescents’ Knowledge About Disaster Preparedness in Kresik Tuo Village, Kayu Aro District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi

Natural disasters have become an integral part of people's lives in Indonesia, disrupting daily activities and causing significant impacts. Indonesia, located in the Ring of Fire, faces a high risk of volcanic eruptions, including the active Mount Kerinci which has the potential to cause disasters such as volcanic ashfall. Kresik Tuo Village, located near Mount Kerinci, faces a direct threat from this eruption. The community, especially the youth, need to improve their preparedness and knowledge to deal with potential disasters. The "MENGABU Siaga dalam Bencana" program is designed to improve the preparedness of the Kresik Tuo Village community in dealing with potential volcanic ashfall, with the hope of contributing to the development of community preparedness strategies in disaster-prone areas. To improve the knowledge of youth in Kresik Tuo Village related to disasters and disaster preparedness. The study used the Pre-Experimental research method with a Prepost Test Design. Sampling used a non-probability sampling technique with convenience sampling according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 40 respondents. Wilcoxon test shows that there is a significant increase in the knowledge of youth preparedness for the eruption of Mount Merapi after being given the "Mengabu Siaga dalam Bencana" program. All respondents experienced an increase in knowledge, as indicated by a positive ranks value of 40 and a p value = 0.000. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that there is a significant effect of the "Mengabu (Mengabu Storm Ash) Siaga Dalam Bencana" Program on Youth Preparedness Knowledge for Disasters in Kresik Tuo Village, Kayu Aro District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi in increasing youth knowledge.

A system reliability demonstration test design method based on subsystem test data

AbstractReliability demonstration test (RDT) is the test to verify that the reliability of the product meets the reliability requirements during product development and is usually required to be performed to determine whether it can be accepted. It is essential for complex systems with higher costs. However, the traditional test plans such as the plan in the current RDT standard GJB‐899A have the problem of too long test time or too high risk. In addition, the test data of the complex system itself is usually less, but the test data of the subsystem is easier to obtain. In this paper, the research object is the system, and the main research content is how to use the reliability growth data in the development stage of the subsystem to design the system RDT. First, based on the reliability growth model, the test data in the development stage of the subsystems are modeled to obtain the reliability of each subsystem. The Bayesian theory is used to obtain the lifetime distribution of the system. Then, according to the definition of the two types of risks in the RDT, the life distribution of the product is integrated into the two types of risks, and the RDT plans of the system are designed. Finally, a simulation case is used to verify our RDT design method, and the results show that compared with the traditional plan, our RDT plan designed has a shorter test time and lower test risk.

The Influence of The Socialization of "Ojek Sigap: Ojek Siap Gerak Cepat (Quick Response Motorcycle Taxi: Ready To Move Fast) on Knowledge of First Aid For Accidents of Online Ojek Drivers in Jambi City

Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of death worldwide, with the current global death toll reaching 1.24 million per year. This figure is expected to increase to 3.6 million per year by 2030. Indonesia ranks third highest in Asia, after China and India, with 38,279 deaths due to road traffic accidents in 2015. Jambi City, despite having a lower accident rate than other provinces, still faces significant challenges with 392 deaths in 2018. Lack of knowledge about first aid (P3K) is one of the factors contributing to the high death toll. Given the widespread use of online motorcycle taxis on the road, their drivers have the potential to become witnesses or victims of accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to improve knowledge and skills in first aid among online motorcycle taxi drivers to improve road safety. The study used the Pre - Experimental research method with a Prepost Test Design design with 28 respondents. The provision of material using educational videos and mnemonic cards related to initial handling of accidents. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed very significant results with a value of P = 0.0000 and Z = -4.658. A very low P value (less than 0.05) indicates that there is a statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge of respondents before and after the socialization. This negative Z value indicates that there is a significant increase in the knowledge of respondents after they have participated in the socialization program. The results of the study indicate that there is an Influence of the Socialization of "OJEK SIGAP” on Knowledge of First Aid for Accidents for Online Ojek Drivers in Jambi City.

Comparison of cortisol, depression and stress hormone levels in primary dysmenorhore adolescents with the application of a combination of facial acupressure with classic music therapy

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Constant chronic dysmenorrhea pain, should be screened with a single morning serum cortisol concentration. Uncontrolled pain (acute and chronic) initially indicates high serum cortisol concentrations. Then, one of the factors that can influence pain during menstruation is stress. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; This study aims to assess non-pharmacological interventions for facial acupressure (BL-2, Yin Tang, GV 23, GB 15, Tai Yang, GB 14, Ex Hn4, TE 23, Sang Ming , LI-20, Ex Hn 8, ST-3, Si 18, Du 26, REN 24, JiaCenjiang, SJ21, SJ17, GB-2) combined with Mozart classical music in reducing cortisol levels, depression and stress in dysmenorrhea primary. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; This is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design. The research approach used is pre-post test design. In November 2021-January 2022 at Megarezky University Makassar. There were 42 Adolescents with Primary Dysmenorrhea for respondents to this research. The sample in this study was divided into three groups, namely an intervention group (combination of facial acupressure with classical music) and 2 control groups which were only given classical music and facial acupressure treatment. Data collected included depression and stress. In addition, cortisol levels were checked using an ELISA Kit. Then the data was analyzed using the Paired T-test, while to see the differences if it was normally distributed using the One Way Anova test and if it was not normally distributed using Kruskal-Wallis. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; The results of the study found that there was a decrease in cortisol levels, depression and stress when given facial acupressure and classical music, but the reduction was more effective if a combination of facial acupressure and classical music.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Among the variables of cortisol levels, depression and stress, the combination of facial acupressure and classical music was significantly more effective in improving stress than just giving facial acupressure and classical music. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK BIDAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL MENJELANG PERSALINAN DI PMB LILIS SURYANI SST DEPOKTAHUN 2023

The incidence of childbirth anxiety worldwide is estimated at 14%, and primiparous have a greater level of fear compared to multiparous mothers. Anxiety facing childbirth is fluctuating, in early pregnancy is relatively low and increases with increasing gestational age. In Indonesia there are 373,000 pregnant women, and those who experience anxiety in the face of childbirth as many as 107,000 (28.7%) pregnant women. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of midwives' therapeutic communication on reducing anxiety of pregnant women before childbirth at PMB Lilis Suryani SST in 2023. This research is a quasi-experiment and the research design used is one group pre-test-post test design, with the sample used amounting to 44 respondents. The results of this study based on statistical analysis of the Paired Sample T-Test showed that there was a significant effectiveness of therapeutic communication on reducing anxiety in pregnant women before delivery, namely P Value = 0.000 (P Value &lt; 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that therapeutic communication is effective for lowering anxiety in pregnant women before delivery. Suggestions for PMB to make therapeutic communication SOPs so that health workers can apply them properly to reduce anxiety for pregnant women.

Gradation optimization of AC-20 asphalt mixture based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive evaluation method

The aggregate gradation of asphalt mixture is one of the most important factors affecting the service life of asphalt pavement. In order to study the gradation of asphalt mixture with the best comprehensive performance, this study puts forward a new method of mineral aggregate gradation optimization based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive evaluation method, aiming at the multi-level and multi-index evaluation of the road performance of asphalt mixture. First, the orthogonal test design method is applied to design nine target gradations with coarse aggregate (&amp;gt;4.75 mm) and fine aggregate (&amp;lt;4.75 mm) of AC-20 (asphalt concrete) mixture serving as two factors and the upper, middle, and lower positions of the gradation curve as three levels, and then the road performance test research is carried out. Second, a comprehensive model for evaluation of road performance of mineral aggregate gradation is established. A fuzzy complementary judgment matrix is constructed, and the index weights of each level and the hierarchical total ranking weight are calculated. Then, the membership function is introduced into the comprehensive evaluation model for the road performance of mineral aggregate gradation, and the membership values of each index of asphalt mixture road performance are obtained. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to find out the comprehensive evaluation value of the road performance of the nine graded asphalt mixtures, and the mineral aggregate gradation is optimized. The research results show that the 1# gradation of the asphalt mixture has the highest comprehensive road performance evaluation value, and the combination of the fuzzy hierarchical analysis process and comprehensive evaluation method can more objectively and comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive road performance of the asphalt mixture and provide a useful reference for the optimal selection of asphalt mixture mineral gradation.

The Influence of Complementary Feeding on Appetite and Growth Development in Children Aged 7-12 Months

Complementary feeding (MP-ASI) is crucial for meeting the nutritional needs of infants aged 7-12 months, influencing their appetite and growth. Objective: This study evaluates the effects of MP-ASI on the appetite and growth of infants aged 7-12 months in 2024. A pre-post test design with 194 respondents assessed the impact of different types of MP-ASI on appetite and growth. All respondents received the same type of MP-ASI. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with SPSS. There was no statistically significant relationship between the type of MP-ASI given and weight gain. However, varieties such as spinach and eggs, and chayote and eggs, showed higher compliance with recommended nutritional standards (KPSP), indicating that MP-ASI type significantly influences adherence to these standards. Diverse MP-ASI positively affects the appetite and growth of infants aged 7-12 months. The study underscores the importance of MP-ASI variety and quality in child nutrition programs. Increasing parental education on the importance of MP-ASI variety is recommended to support optimal developmental potential in children.