Designated Type Species Research Articles

Designation of type species for the genera of Australian paropsine beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Designation of type species for the genera of Australian paropsine beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Nitocrellopsis rouchi sp. n., a new ameirid harpacticoid from phreatic waters in France (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Ameiridae)

Ongoing investigation of the interstitial communities of the River Rhone revealed the presence of a new species of Ameiridae Monard, 1927. Both sexes of Nitocrellopsis rouchi sp. n. are described herein. Re-examination of type-material (when available) of Nitocrellopsis ioneli (Dumont & Decraemer, 1974), N. petkovskii (Rouch, 1987), N. hippocratis (Cottarelli & Forniz, 1993) and N. hellenica (Cottarelli & Forniz, 1993) and other Nitocrella-related genera sensu Petkovski (1976), revealed differences in cephalic appendage morphology between species which are discussed together with the identification of some minute morphological characters observed for N. rouchi with the aid of scanning electron microscopy. A generic diagnosis is given, together with type-species designation to make available the generic name. A key to species of Nitocrellopsis gen. mov. is provided.

Systematics of Nitidulinae (Coleoptera:Nitidulidae): phylogenetic relationships, convexity and the origin of phallalophagy

Nitiduline beetle genera of the Cyllodes complex arestudied in the context of a phylogenetic analysis of 19 ingroup and eightoutgroup taxa and 63 characters derived from adult morphology and hostrelationship. In this analysis, the Cyllodes complex isshown to be monophyletic. By eliminating the problematic taxonCamptodes and a priori weightingof the presence/absence of procoxal rests, two monophyletic taxa areobtained within the Cyllodes complex(Cyllodes and Oxycnemus groups). Aphylogenetic analysis of 13 terminal taxa represented by larval and adultsemaphoronts shows a monophyletic Cyllodes complex inone of two trees. The Cyllodes complex is formallyrecognised as Cyllodini Everts, containing two or more monophyletic groupsthat are recognised on an informal basis. The Oxycnemusgroup is well supported and may include the enigmatic genusCamptodes. Taxonomic actions include two synonymiesunder Apsectochilus Reitter (=Meoncerus Sharp, syn. nov.; =Lordyrops Reitter, syn. nov.) and type speciesdesignations for Neotropical genera described by David Sharp(Apsectochilus, Eusphaerius,Mecyllodes, and Somatoxus).Carinocyllodes, gen. nov. (type species:Eusphaerius lubricus Leschen & Carlton) is describedand includes two additional species (C. belli, sp. nov.and C. depressus, sp.nov.).Convexity is a character complex in nitidulids, and must be partitioned forphylogenetic reconstruction and character analysis. Two classes of charactervariation (dependent and independent) are discussed with regard to theevolution of convexity in the context of cladograms. A highly convex form withthe capability to roll into a ball by tucking the head beneath the prothoraxhas evolved at least one or more times in Nitidulidae and several times inunrelated beetle families.Fungal host-use patterns are highly concordant with the phylogenetic branchingpattern in Cyllodini. Most members are associated with large-bodiedBasidiomycetes, with the exception of Camptodes whichoccurs on flowers and develops in rotten vegetation. Most species of theOxycnemus group are restricted to Phallales, an obligatehost pattern that is old relative to those associations in the remainingCyllodini that occur on other fungi. Another significant shift occurred fromphallalophagy to phytophagy if the hypothesis is accepted thatCamptodes is a member of theOxycnemus group.

THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN TROCHID GASTROPODS ‘MONODONTA’ MUTABILIS (PHILIPPI, 1846) AND ‘GIBBULA’ RICHARDI (PAYRAUDEAU, 1826)

The Mediterranean trochid gastropods currently known as Monodonta mutabilis (Philippi, 1846) and Gibbula richardi (Payraudeau, 1826) are shown, on both morphological and electrophoretic grounds, to be sibling species, and therefore congeneric. The generic name Phorcus Risso, 1826 should be used for these species, which may be more closely related to the Mediterranean Trochocochlca species than to other species classified in Gibbula. The oldest appropriate genus-group name for the Mediterranean species currently classified as Monodonta (M. articulata, M. turbinata) is Trochocochlca Mörch, 1852. The earliest type species designation for Osilinus Philippi, 1847 is that of Trochus constrictus Lamarck, 1822 by Herrmannsen (1847), which would make Osilinus a valid senior synonym of the widely used name Austrocochlea Fischer, 1885 and not of Trochocochlca as commonly accepted. A ruling of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature will be sought for the case.

Tokunagahelea, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian region with descriptions of two new species

Tokunagahelea is proposed as a new subgenus of the genus Culicoides Latreille to embrace three species from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Comparative descriptions of both males and females of Culicoides mikros, sp. nov., and C. geocheloneoides, sp. nov., and a redescription of the female of C. pygmaeus Tokunaga (male unknown), are presented together with a key for differentiation. C. mikros is the designated type species of the subgenus. Systematic relationships of the new subgenus are discussed.

Trochus kotschyi, the first Indian Ocean record of the genus Osilinus (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae)

The species Trochus kotschyi Philippi, 1849, and Priotrochus obscurus (Wood, 1828) have been much confused in the past. Consistent differences between these taxa in respect of shell morphology, external anatomy and radular and opercular form are demonstrated. The distribution of T. kotschyi and the extent to which it and P. obscurus are sympatric are discussed. T. korschyi is referred to the genus Osilinus Philippi, 1847, a new combination and the first record of the genus from the Indo‐West Pacific. The species is thought to be a pre‐Miocene relict reflecting a mid‐Tethyan origin of the genus. A note on the type species designation ofOsilinus is provided.

Emendation of the foraminiferal genus <i>Cribrostomoides</i> Cushman, 1910, and its taxonomic implications

Abstract. A review of the taxonomic history of the agglutinated (benthonic) foraminiferal genus Cribrostomoides Cushman, 1910 reveals much confusion concerning its type species, coiling mode and apertural characteristics. We believe the originally designated type species of Cribrostomoides Cushman, 1910, C. bradyi Cushman, 1910, to be no more than varietally (i.e. infra-subspecifically) distinct from, and therefore a junior synonym of, Haplophragmoides subglobosus Cushman, 1910. The coiling of Cribrostomoides, as typified by C. subglobosus (Cushman, 1910), is in the form of an involute streptospire characterised by a repeated alternation in axis. The aperture of the genus is equatorially or asymmetrically placed and interio-areal and single (in megalospheric and juvenile microspheric specimens) to areal and multiple (in microspheric adults). In order to stabilise the concept of Cribrostomoides, we have designated lectotypes for both C. bradyi and H. subglobosus, and have also emended the generic diagnosis of Loeblich and Tappan (1987). Criteria for the discrimination of Cribrostomoides emend, herein and allied genera are tabulated.

Cryptoniscidae s.s. (Isopoda : Epicaridea) : Nomenclatural History and Recommendations

The nomenclatural history of the parasitic isopod family Cryptoniscidac Kossmann, 1880 sensu stricto is reviewed, and irregularities are exposed and corrected. Eumetor Kossmann, 1872 and its type species E. liriopides Kossmann, 1872 are available but unrecognizable except by host. Cryptoniscus curuatus fraisse, 1877 is designated here as the type species of Danalia Giard, 1887. Danalia lobiancoi Giard & Bonnier, 1890 is a nomen nudum since it was merely mentioned in a list with its host. At least five of the 12-13 available nominal species currently assigned to Danalia are nearly unrecognizable except by host. Neither Zeuxokoma Zimmer, 1927 nor Zeuxokoma Neave, 1940 qualifies as an available replacement name for the preoccupied Zeuxo Kossmann, 1872 because of lack of reference to the earlier name and lack of a type species designation, respectively. Zeuxokoma nom. nov. is proposed here as a replacement name for Zeuxo Kossmann, and Zeuxo alplzei Kossmann, 1872 is designated here as the type species. The nominal subfamily Fabinae Danforth, 1970 (1963?) is unavailable because neither work involved was published in the sense of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The nominal family Danaliidae Altes, 1982 includes Cryptoniscus Miiller, 1864, and is thus a junior synonym of Cryptoniscidae Kossmann, 1880.

Occurrence of Tetrahedral Eggs in the Streptocephalidae Daday (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) With Descriptions of a New Subgenus, Parastreptocephalus, and a New Species, Streptocephalus ( Parastreptocephalus ) Zuluensis Brendonck and Hamer

ABSTRACT Streptocephalus (Parastreptocephalus), new subgenus, comprises *Streptocephalus (Parastreptocephalus) sudanicus, S. (P.) lamellifer. S. (P.) kaokoensis, and S. (P.) zuluensis, new species, Brendonck and Hamer. These species all produce tetrahedral eggs, a unique feature within the family Streptocephalidae, and share a similar male antennal morphology, which differs from that in all other streptocephalids. The designated type species, S. (P.) sudanicus, is extensively redescribed. In addition, the differentiating characters for S. (P.) zuluensis are presented. Both species can be distinguished using features of the morphology of their resting eggs and of the male antennae. A key to the species is also provided. Egg morphology and male antennal morphology appear to be consistent taxonomic criteria for the proposed subgenus. The presence of taxon-related differences in egg morphology raises the question whether or not differently shaped eggs confer any selective advantage. We suggest that selective pressure on the amount of energy allocated to reproduction has resulted in the fact that eggs share a combination of characteristics (hatching response, dispersal ability, drought, and mechanical resistance), which allows them to endure a specific set of environmental conditions.

On the age of the Hungry Hollow Formation

In the paper by J. Keith Rigby (1991) in the January issue of the Journal, the Hungry Hollow Formation of southwestern Ontario is correlated with the basal Ludlowvillian Centerfield Limestone of New York. The new species of heteractinid sponge described in the paper was thus considered to be older than the designated type species of his new genus Gondekia, which is from the middle Ludlowvillian Wanakah Shale. The correlation was referred to as that of Rickard (1984) and was consistent with others going back several decades. It was also included in subsequent correlations based on conodont biostratigraphy (Johnson et al., 1985; Sparling, 1985) that are otherwise largely at odds with Rickard's conclusions. However, Brett and Baird (1985) provided convincing evidence that the Centerfield is a regressive unit between shales representing deeper water sedimentation, whereas the Hungry Hollow appears to be the basal unit of a transgressive sequence of strata and thus unlikely to be of the same age. Evidence for this was supplied by Landing and Brett (1987), who described a previously unrecognized disconformity beneath the Hungry Hollow and noted its regional significance. They also reported finding a single specimen of the conodont Polygnathus timorensis in the Hungry Hollow. This is the guide fossil for the Lower varcus Subzone, to which the Centerfield has been assigned, so placement of both units in at least the same conodont subzone was justified at that time.

Generic review of the African bagrid catfish generaAuchenoglanisandParauchenoglaniswith description of a new genus

The African bagrid genera Auchenoglanis and Parauchenoglanis are reviewed. Due to an incorrect type-species designation, a new usage is given to Parauchenoglanis and a new genus Anaspidoglanis is described. Within the Auchenoglanidinae, Auchenoglanis and Parauchenoglanis seem more closely related to each other than to Anaspidoglanis.

Nomenclatorial corrections in North European Coleoptera

Gabrius subnigritulus Joy (Staphylinidae) is a valid name and senior synonym of G. subnigrituloides (Scheerpeltz), and Gabrius appendiculatus Sharp is the senior synonym of G. subnigritulus Smetana (not Reitter). Eusphalerum tenenbaumi (Bemhauer) (Staphylinidae) is the valid name for Eusphalerum florale auct. nec (Panzer). Clanoptilus antennatus Motschulsky (Malachiidae) is designated type species of Clanoptilus Motschulsky. Cis alter nom. nov. (Cisidae) is introduced for Cis nitidus auct. nec Fabricius. Anaspis marginicollis Lindberg (Anaspidae) is the senior synonym of A. schilskyana Hellén (not Csiki).

A revision of the genusfabriciablainville, 1828 (polychaeta: sabellidae: fabriciinae)

Abstract The Fabriciinae genus Fabricia Blainville is revised. In the past, the type species designation for the genus has been confused; explicit designations have included Tubularia fabricia Muller and Amphicora sabella Ehrenberg. The type species is actually T. stellaris {SCMuller}, by monotypy. Based on this latter designation, most species previously placed into synonymy with F. sabella are now junior synonyms of F. stellaris, including F. sabella. A neotype is designated and described for F. stellaris stellaris from the type locality. Examination of the type material of F. leidyi Verrill and Haplobranchus atlanticus Treadwell confirms these species are junior synonyms of F. stellaris. Geographic variability in pigmentation patterns and general body proportions in F. stellaris are discussed. Fabricia contains three subspecies: F. stellaris stellaris; F. stellaris adriatica (Banse), new combination; F. stellaris caspica (Zenkevitsch), new combination. The following species, based on inadequate descrip...

The genus Amphiporus Ehrenberg (Nemertea, Enopla, Monostiliferoidea)

The literature relating to the 145 nemertean species at one time or another included in the monostiliferoidean genus Amphiporus Ehrenberg, 1831 is reviewed. Because the designated type species, A. albicans, must be declared a nomen dubium, the status of the genus itself becomes uncertain. The 33 species which, at least in part, have previously been transferred to other genera are tabulated and the taxonomic status of the remaining forms is re‐evaluated. Most are identified as nomina nuda, nomina dubia, species inquirendae or synonymous with other taxa, but one species, A. bimaculatus, is transferred to the genus Nipponnemertes.

Lower Bajocian ammonites (Middle Jurassic; Soninniidae) from the Newmarracarra Limestone, Western Australia

Three species of sonniniid ammonites, previously described under Fontannesia Buckman, are placed in a new genus, Newmarracarroceras; Dorsetensia clarkei Crick is designated type species. These West Australian species differ from other known Fontannesia by having smooth body chambers, flanks which slope gradually toward the umbilical seam without development of an umbilical edge or wall, and simple septal sutures. Biometric studies show that ‘Fontannesia’ whitehousei Arkell is a smaller and more compressed variant of N. clarkei (Crick), with a complete gradation between the two ‘species’ for most morphological characters. While well-dated European Fontannesia occur in the uppermost Aalenian concavum Zone and lowermost Bajocian discites Zone, new dating of the circum-Pacific Pseudotoites faunas, with which Newmarracarroceras occurs in Western Australia, indicates correlation with the higher ovalis or laeviuscula Zones (lower Bajocian). An associated specimen of Sonninia playfordi Arkell is described.

Elachista Treitschke, 1833 (Insecta, Lepidoptera): proposed conservation, and confirmation of type species designation

Elachista Treitschke, 1833 (Insecta, Lepidoptera): proposed conservation, and confirmation of type species designation

Designation of type species

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Nemocestes Van Dyke, 1936 (Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation and designation of type species

Nemocestes Van Dyke, 1936 (Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation and designation of type species

Risomurex Olsson & McGinty, 1958 (Mollusca, Gastropoda): proposed designation of type species. Z. N. (S.) 2507

Risomurex Olsson & McGinty, 1958 (Mollusca, Gastropoda): proposed designation of type species. Z. N. (S.) 2507

NOMENCLATURAL NOTES ON FOSSIL PERIDINIOID DINOFLAGELLATES

Ceratiopsis Ceratiopsis was validly published as name of a dinoflagellate genus by Vozzhennikova (1967: 157). It is illegitimate and must be rejected (ICBN, Art. 64) as a later homonym of Ceratiopsis De Wildeman (1896: 109) which was validly published for a genus of fungi. This name was introduced before 1967 but in that publication (Vozzhennikova, 1963: 181) the designated type species was described without accompanying description or diagnosis of the genus. This genus was not monotypic as it comprised three species (cf. ICBN, Art. 42). Ceratiopsis Vozzhennikova (1967: 157) is congeneric with Deflandrea Eisenack 1938. The comparisons with other genera of the Deflandrea complex made by Vozzhennikova indicate no significant diagnostic difference at the rank of genus.