Design Tables Research Articles

Magnetostrictive ring transducer technology manual

A comprehensive magnetostrictive ring transducer designer's manual will be described. The manual consists of three main parts: (1) the highlights of the history of magnetostrictive ring transducer research and development, (2) parameter studies of a large-flow-frequency ring transducer and a discussion of related design considerations, and (3) an extensive bibliography from which information in the manual is derived. The manual is written in a style which is appropriate for use by technical administrators and systems analysts as well as transducer engineers. Design curves, tables, and formulas will be discussed which enable the manual user to estimate with “state-of-the-art” accuracy the dimensions of ring transducers which achieve desired performance specifications. Limitations of the manual and the technology is included in the discussion.

Analysis and Design of Thin Struts With Large Elastic Displacements: Part 2—Design Tables, Curves, and Procedures

Employing the method developed in Part 1, the practical engineering design aspects are treated for the selected problem of an eccentrically loaded thin strut. The strut is made to experience large elastic deflections, and the end supports are simultaneously pinned and restrained by torsion bar springs. Realistic values, ranges, and combinations of physical parameters are assigned and design curves, data, and tables are presented. The paper is so written that the engineer may use Part 2 independent of study of Part 1 if he so desires to bypass the mathematical and property study of the solution of the defining equations.

Analysis and Design of Thin Struts With Large Elastic Displacements: Part 1—Analysis of the Properties of the Solutions of the Nonlinear Differential Equations and the Behavior of the Strut

Employing a transformation technique, an analysis is made of the properties of the solution of the differential equations resulting from the analysis of the elastic behavior of an eccentrically loaded thin strut. The thin strut is made to experience large deflections and the end supports are simultaneously pinned and restrained by torsional bar springs. The paper is divided into two parts. Part 1 deals primarily with the properties of the solution of the equations; and Part 2 deals with the practical engineering aspect where, employing Part 1, realistic values and ranges of parameters are assigned. The resulting design curves and tables, useful to the design engineer, are presented.

Design of high homogeneity split pair magnets with side access

The problems of obtaining high homogeneity air-cored magnets with side access are considered. It is shown that sixth order corrected split pair magnets can be built by taking a notch out of the windings. Design tables and curves are given.

Generation and classification of single amplifier filters

AbstractA unified approach is presented for generating configurations for circuits containing one operational amplifier together with RC elements and capable of realizing a general second‐order voltage transfer function. Systematic application of the generation procedure leads to various single amplifier biquads with the known circuits, as well as some new ones, obtained as special cases. The insight gained from the generalized approach as well as the results of a general sensitivity analysis (including the effects of the amplifier limited bandwidth) offer a method for categorizing and classifying single amplifier filters. The different filter classes are illustrated and compared with the aid of extensive design tables. General equations for the effect of the amplifier limited bandwidth are also given.

A Design Theory for Wide-Band Parametric Amplifiers

A new exact design theory for a nondegenerate parametric amplifier with double-tuned signal circuit and single-tuned idler circuit is described. If the resistance of the signal circuit, which is neglected in previous papers, is considered, there exists a frequency band in which the amplifier gain is positive. In this paper the band characteristics of the gain are related to this frequency band. Slope parameters of the idler and signal circuits are normalized by the slope parameters which are associated with the diode itself. These normalized slope parameters are used to relate the actual circuit and gain-bandwidth characteristics. The slope parameter of the external signal resonator is related to the negative slope parameter of the diode, and bounds on this ratio are given over which stable amplification is possible. A design table which gives the coupling ratio and slope parameter of the external signal resonator is derived by computer calculation. Experiments were made at 19 GHz. Positive-gain bandwidth was around 4.0 GHz, and flat bandwidth at 10-dB gain was 2.4 GHz. The ratio of these bandwidths coincided with the theory.

Design tables for low-pass equal-valued capacitor active RC networks

The design of low-pass equal-valued capacitor structures is discussed and applied to a number of approximating functions. Particular attention is paid to the suitability of the networks for realization in microelectronic form.

The realization of high-pass equal-valued capacitor filters †

Abstract The paper presents design tables for high-pass RC active filters having capacitors of equal value. The functions realized are of the third-order Butterworth and Chebyshev variety. Account is taken of the resistor spread, total resistor stun and of the summed network sensitivity.

Design of Spherical Crank-Rocker Mechanism With Optimum Transmission

Spatial and spherical mechanisms must not be designed for optimum transmission characteristics as plane mechanisms. The transmissivities and transmission angles in spatial and spherical mechanisms are determined by the skew angles between the pair axes on the links. A spherical crank-rocker mechanism is optimized to satisfy a prescribed advance-to-return time ratio and to have an optimum torque-to-torque transmissivity. Design equations and some illustrative design tables are given. It is illustrated that a spherical mechanism optimized as a plane mechanism may be a structure. A graphical method of designing spherical crank-rocker mechanisms, using stereographic projections, is also presented.

Meander-Line and Hybrid Meander-Line Transformers

The application of meander lines to impedance transformers is described. Meander-line transformers have less bandwidth than stepped-impedance transformers for a given passband VSWR, but can have greatly superior shape factors in stripline and microwave-integrated-circuit (MIC) realizations. Hybrid meander-line transformers allow circuit designers greatly increased flexibility in choosing transformer shape factors, while allowing (basically) the same electrical performance as with either stepped-impedance or meander-line transformers. Experimental confirmations of a trial three-turn meander-line transformer and a fourth-order hybrid meander-line transformer are presented. A comprehensive design table of nearly equal-ripple meander-line transformers of from two to six turns, incorporating a wide range of bandwidths and impedance transformations has been deposited with the ASIS National Auxiliary Publications Service.

Computer aided analysis and design of delay lines†

Abstract In this paper a class of LC lumped delay lines is analysed in the time domain using a computer. Delay line sections consist of two mutually coupled, generally unequal inductances, and a capacitance. The results of the transient analysis of the delay lines having up to 50 sections are presented in a tabular and pictorial form. Given the total delay and the rise time of the output voltage, the required number of delay line sections can be read out from the table. The delay line synthesis is thus feasible from the time domain specifications. The effect of changes in some design parameters on the transient response is illustrated on computer-produced plots. It is shown that, in addition to the well-known lines, other types of delay lines exist which provide greater design flexibility at the same performance quality. Also, design tables for these generalized delay lines are given. A special purpose programme written for the transient analysis of delay lines may be useful for other typos of iterative n...

Broad-Band Properties of a Class of TEM-Mode Hybrids (Correspondence)

The analysis of a class of N-port TEM-mode hybrids, operating as equal or unequal power dividers or summers, has been extended to include the use of tapered transmission lines. The analysis indicates design limitations on the VSWR and isolation characteristics, and can be applied for arbitrary frequency bandwidth and/or power division ratios. Also included are design graphs and tables that cover some common ranges of power division/summation ratios.

Characteristics and element values of equally terminated Achieser-Zolotarev quasi-low-pass filters

Achieser-Zolotarev filters are similar to the familiar Chebyshev low-pass filters except for a large-amplitude first ripple (near dc). If a low-pass filter is required for operation only over the upper frequency portion of the band, an Achieser-Zolotarev filter may be used to give greater attenuation in the stopband for a given ripple level. The new filters give increased flexibility in the choice of impedance level within the filter, leading to improved design for distributed-element filters. The design tables for filters of 5, 7, 9, and 11 elements include the coefficients of the Zolotarev polynomials, the comparative stopband attenuation relative to the Chebyshev case, and the element values of lumped-element quasi-low-pass filters for various pass bandwidths and ripple levels of 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 dB.

Design Tables for a Class of Optimum Microwave Bandstop Filters (Correspondence)

Element value tables for optimum microwave bandstop filters consisting of quarter-wave spaced shunt open-circuited stubs are given. Both the stubs and the connecting unit elements contribute to the attenuation response. The tables give element values for 0.01dB, 0.10 dB, and 0.25 dB ripple Chebyshev designs with up to twenty-three elements, and for bandwidths between 30 percent and 150 percent.

Design AID for Continuous Beams

Analysis and design of beam is still an important part in Structural Engineering practice. As a major component in structure, it demands due attention and accuracy. At the same time engineers need to achieve economy in time and cost in the design of beams. To assist designers moment coefficients are developed for continuous beams in this work. Existing ACI moment coefficients are applicable only under certain conditions and have some limitations. This study is an attempt to develop moment coefficients for beams which will be applicable beyond ACI limitations. Comparison of developed coefficients with corresponding ACI coefficients has been done and a satisfactory agreement is found. However, ACI coefficients are found to be conservative. Additionally design tables are developed for selection of RC beam section and reinforcement when design bending moment and shear are available. SAP2000 has been used for analysis of beams during the study. Models are used to generate exact moment coefficients for beams of different span ratios and spans under uniform loading. The moment coefficients and design tables generated in this work will be useful for practicing engineers for quick design. KEY WORDS: Moment Coefficient; Shear; Continuous Beam; Uniform Loading. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mist.v3i0.8051

On synthesis of active distributed RC circuits

This correspondence describes the root locus of an active distributed RC circuit that may be used for the synthesis of the magnitude response of a pair of complex conjugate poles. It is shown that the locus of the dominant poles of the system transfer function is a well-defined parabola. Such characteristics may be used for the realization of the magnitude response of a class of parabolic filters with identical distributed networks. A design table based on the dominant poles of this system transfer function is derived, and a technique for estimating the excess phase due to the presence of the nondominant poles is presented. Q sensitivity to variations in gain as well as the circuit step response is included.

Simplified Design Techniques for Distributed Power Amplifiers for Synchrotron and Cyclotron Driver Applications

Design of distributed power amplifiers has been simplified through the use of a set of design charts and simplifying circuit techniques. A circuit in which the anode and grid lines are built from bridge-T constant-resistance networks seems to be best. These lines have an image impedance that is resistive and of constant value for all frequencies, and therefore do not require terminating half sections. For a given characteristic impedance and shunt capacitance, the bridge-T lines have about twice the bandwidth of the constant-K lines. The design of the ferrite transformers for matching the anode and grid lines to standard line impedances has been simplified by means of design charts and tables. These amplifiers are simple to build and very stable. A 3.5-kW amplifier which operates from 1.0 to 70 MHz is used to illustrate the technique.

3-db Couplers Constructed from Two Tandem Connected 8.34-dB Asymmetric Couplers (Correspondence)

The technique of tandeming two symmetric 8.34-dB directional couplers to produce a 3-dB coupler was described in 1965 by J.P. Shelton, et al.. This technique is useful because broadband 3-dB couplers are difficult to synthesize directly, due to the impedance levels involved. This correspondence shows that it is possible to tandem connect two asymmetric 8.34-dB couplers to yield a broadband 3-dB device. Design tables for 8.34-dB asym. metric couplers which give the normalized even-mode impedances required for a given ripple, number of sections, and bandwidth are also presented.

Synthesis of active filters with optimum sensitivity

Two general RC-active-network synthesis procedures previously described by the author are applied to the synthesis of filters. A third synthesis procedure is now described in which Guillemin's parallelladder procedure is used to realize the passive part of the network. This and the previous two procedures use the Horowitz decomposition which optimizes the sensitivity. Amethod for reducing the number of passive elements is explained. The three procedures are used to realize all the possible second-order filter transfer functions. Design tables are included in which the element values are given in terms of the transfer function coefficients. Finally alow-pass, fifth-order, elliptic filter is designed using the tables.

A Potentiometric Method for Transducing Large-Scale Position Using Tensioned Flexible Wires in Trilateration

Determination of position by triangular, rather than Cartesian, coordinates is outlined and formulated. The use of tensioned flexible wires to determine position is discussed from the theoretical and practical viewpoint. Details are given of an experimental Resiwire method, which achieved a precision of 1:18 000 and an accuracy of 1:4000 when determining position within an area 90 by 50 feet. Design equations and tables support the design of this potentiometric distance transducing method.