Design Premises Research Articles

O legado de Galbinski: As premissas de projeto das edificações monumentais da biblioteca central e do restaurante universitário da Universidade de Brasília

The architecture was developed in such a way as to meet the needs of society. It, which in the early days was intended to serve only as safe shelters, currently must also promote harmony, beauty, comfort and well-being. Knowing this, at the time of the construction of Brasília, an imposing university was thought of in which the library and the restaurant were of equal magnitude, to represent its professors, researchers, students and technicians. This challenge fell to the architect José Galbinski, who designed two monumental buildings: the Central Library and the University Restaurant of the University of Brasilia. In 2016, an in-person interview was conducted with Professor Dr. Galbinski at his workplace in which information was collected about the process of creating these works, focusing mainly on his design premises. Therefore, the main objective of this scientific work is to share such information from when these works were still only in the realm of ideas and to share the story of the creator José Galbinski and his creatures (Library and Restaurant). To quantify the success of these premises, questionnaires were answered by its users, who evaluated the degree of comfort of these constructions. These results of the questionnaires will be explained shortly.

Nature of student housing in Ghana: drivers of physical health condition effects on students living with disability (SWD) in Purpose-Built university housing

PurposeProviding student housing designed to support students living with a disability is a global challenge. This study assesses buildings' physical health condition systems and drivers of physical health condition effects on students living with disability (SWD) in purpose-built university housing in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study used quantitative design and methods based on the theory of supportive design premises. Using the partial least square structural equation model, a survey of 301 students living with a physical disability, mild visual disability and mild hearing disability was collected in 225 student housings.FindingsThe study found that insect control and cleaning services are a priority in off-campus building design and management and directly positively affected the sense of control and physical health of SWD. The nature of lightning systems, noise and thermal comfort directly negatively affected SWD disability learning and discomfort.Practical implicationsReviewing and enforcing student housing design drawings at the preliminary development stage by university management is critical. More broadly, physical health systems that control cleaning, noise and thermal comfort are essential for SWD health in student housing.Originality/valueStudies on all-inclusive building designs have consistently focused on lecture theaters and libraries with limited attention on the physical health condition systems in student housing that support the quality healthcare of university campuses. Research on physical health condition systems in student housing is significant for all-inclusiveness and student housing management.

Design of a Modular Energy Production–Storage System for a Sustainable Bicycle

This paper presents a new concept of a modular system for the production and storage of energy in a bicycle at any speed above 9 km/h. User-Centered Design methodology was applied to establish the design premises, and then each component of the modular system was selected, developed, and refined separately, carrying out all component integration (hub dynamo, USB charger, batteries, and solar panel) by means of a simple extension cable. Then, simulations were made with different software tools to create a design candidate. A new design of an integrated modular energy production–storage system was obtained, aiming to cover the needs of long-distance bikers and daily bike commuters. The designed system can charge its own batteries and power devices connected to the USB charger from a speed of 9 km/h. The system entails a modular integration solution that is not only cost-effective but also highly efficient. Its ergonomic design allows users to effortlessly replace batteries as and when needed. Current models on the market do not possess this integration.

Future Policy Direction of Special/Inclusive Education in Nepal

This study critically analyzed the future policy direction of special/inclusive education in Nepal. Using qualitative data collected through document analysis, interviews, and focus group discussions. This study is based on the premises of qualitative research design under the interpretative paradigm followed by critical interpretive design to analyze and interpret the field data. For this, 15 (fifteen) policy experts from Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, Department of Education, university professors, and 11 head teachers from 6 special and 5 integrated schools, and special education council members and members of disabled related organizations were purposively selected as the informants.
 The establishment of the Disability Right Commission at central level would be much effective for the overall development of special/inclusive education in Nepal. It has also been found that establishment of the special/inclusive education council secretariat would contribute to further expansion of special/inclusive education service in Nepal. Development of a provincial level master plan for special/inclusive education training for stakeholders has been strongly recommended for the overall development of special education in the country. The study also suggested that future policy development and its practice is to be based on research-based evidence. It also recommended for establishment of at least one special education center and one model school in each province, and at least one support center at each local level.
 This study implies that a coherent policy-making is required through the consultation with the relevant stakeholders from the central, provincial, and local level in such a way that there is minimum gap in the power sharing among agencies at different levels of governance. Finally, this study suggests for developing future policies that support establishment of residential schools, individual education plan, transitional planning and individualized family service plans to enhance the promotion of disability sector in Nepal.

Телос глобализации: на пути к единству в многообразии. Завершение перехода к парадигме Единой конституции Земли

What is the process of globalization? On the pages of this journal it is shown that globalization can be approached in a variety of disciplinary ways, from sociology to political science to philosophy to systems theoretical analysis. This article approaches globalization through the discoveries of quantum and relativity physics extrapolated to a philosophical comprehension of our fundamental human condition and the application of the resulting holism to the issue of our planetary ecosystem and climate collapse. My theoretical premise here is that globalization involves a constellation of phenomena reflecting an emerging consciousness of our fundamental human condition. This comprehension points forward teleologically to a fulfillment of our human civilizational quest in a fully globalized world premised on our common humanity living in harmony with our planetary biosystem and with the ultimate ground of value (identified by a variety of labels throughout history). It models this fully globalized world through explicating the design premises of the Constitution for the Federation of Earth revolving around the concepts of system design, oneness, humanity, dignity, unity in diversity, federation, justice, and sovereignty.

Optimized Design of a Backbone Network for Public Transportation in Montevideo, Uruguay

This article presents the application of exact and metaheuristic approaches to the problem of designing the backbone network of a hierarchically public transportation system for Montevideo, Uruguay. This is a very relevant problem in nowadays smart cities, as it accounts for many social and environmental impacts and also affects the dynamics of the cities. The design of the proposed backbone network is conceived in combination with the bus network, with the main objective of improving the overall quality of service and reducing travel times. Three different variants of the problem are solved, considering different design premises. Exact solvers are proposed for simpler variants of the problem, which account for maximum resilience and bounded travel times. An evolutionary algorithm is proposed for a multiobjectie version of the problem that optimizes cost and quality of service. The main results indicate that the computed optimized designs provide reduced end-to-end travel times, which improve up to five times over the current system, and are economically viable to be implemented.

Comparative Analysis Between the Effect of Type III and Type IV Generators on Risk of Harmonic Resonances in Wind Parks

This paper provides a detailed comparative analysis between the effect of Type III and Type IV generator technologies on the risk of harmonic resonances in wind parks. Initially, the model and characteristics of Type III and Type IV generators at harmonic frequencies are reviewed. Then, an index based on harmonic amplification at the point of common coupling (PCC) is defined to quantify the overall risk of harmonic resonance in the park. This index is employed to determine and compare the effect of Type III and Type IV generators in different scenarios. Factors such as parameters of the generators, of the wind park circuit, and of the background grid are analyzed. The results reveal that, under the same design premises, Type III-based wind parks tend to present higher risk of resonance than Type IV-based parks at low order harmonics such as the 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> and 7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> harmonics.

Policy Implementation Challenges of Special/Inclusive Education in Nepal

This study critically analyzed Nepal's policy implementation challenges of special/inclusive education. Using qualitative data collected through document analysis, interviews, and focus group discussions, this study is based on the premises of qualitative research design under the interpretative paradigm followed by critical interpretive design to analyze and interpret the field data. For this, 15 (fifteen) policy experts from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, Department of Education, university professors, and 11 (eleven) head teachers from 6 (six) special and 5 (five) integrated schools, and special education council members and members of disabled related organizations were purposively selected as the informants. Furthermore, inadequate human resources, lack of necessary budgetary provision, and low level of awareness are the major challenges of special education in Nepal. There is a lack of a separate special education policy in the foundation period, and the responsibility and authority of relevant stakeholders are not explicitly stated. At the practice level, the researcher found a gap in the inductive action plans for implementation across the central, provincial, and local levels of government of Nepal. It was also found that there was no coordination among the Ministry of Education and other line ministries for the implementation of existing policy and provisions. This study implies that coherent policy-making is required through consultation with the relevant stakeholders from the central, provincial, and local levels so that there is a minimum gap in power-sharing among agencies at different levels of governance. Such attempts will ease the implementation of macro policies into the micro contexts.

Targeting Energy Efficiency through Air Conditioning Operational Modes for Residential Buildings in Tropical Climates, Assisted by Solar Energy and Thermal Energy Storage. Case Study Brazil

Economy and parsimony in the consumption of energy resources are becoming a part of common sense in practically all countries, although the effective implementation of energy efficiency policies still has a long way to go. The energy demand for residential buildings is one of the most significant energy sinks. We focus our analysis on one of the most energy-consuming systems of residential buildings located in regions of tropical climate, which are cooling systems. We evaluate to which degree the integration of thermal energy storage (TES) and photovoltaic (PV) systems helps to approach an annual net zero energy building (NZEB) configuration, aiming to find a feasible solution in the direction of energy efficiency in buildings. To conduct the simulations, an Energy Efficiency Analysis Framework (EEAF) is proposed. A literature review unveiled a potential knowledge gap about the optimization of the ASHRAE operational modes (full storage load, load leveled, and demand limiting) for air conditioning/TES sets using PV connected to the grid. A hypothetical building was configured with detailed loads and occupation profiles to simulate different configurations of air conditioning associated with TES and a PV array. Using TRNSYS software, a set of scenarios was simulated, and their outputs are analyzed in a life cycle perspective using life cycle costing (LCC). The modeling and simulation of different scenarios allowed for identifying the most economic configurations from a life cycle perspective, within a safe range of operability considering the energy efficiency and consequently the sustainability aspects of the buildings. The EEAF also supports other profiles, such as those in which the occupancy of residential buildings during the day is increased due to significant changes in people’s habits, when working and studying in home office mode, for example. These changes in habits should bring a growing interest in the adoption of solar energy for real-time use in residential buildings. The results can be used as premises for the initial design or planning retrofits of buildings, aiming at the annual net zero energy balance.

New Puzzles in International Tax Agreements

The G-7’s “global minimum tax” accord—followed by a new version of the OECD’s “Two Pillar Solution” and its endorsement by the G-20—is accepted by many as evidence for international tax cooperation. But recent policy discussions offer no answer to a basic question: What can countries cooperate to achieve? This Article shows that the answers provided by proponents of the new international tax agreement are alarmingly ad hoc, misleading, and incoherent. Scholarship on corporate taxation has also long failed to identify potentials for international cooperation. The more successful international agreements purport to be, in other words, the more puzzling they become. I first examine three rationales recently identified for collective action. The first alleges a transformation in the services trade that supposedly undermines premises of traditional international tax design. The second emphasizes the international community’s need to appease the United States and prevent the latter from starting trade wars. Both make unusual and untenable factual and normative assumptions. A third rationale seems more familiar—countries should cooperate to end tax competition and multinational companies’ tax avoidance—but is at odds with both economic theory and the actual content of the OECD’s proposal. Theoretically, ending tax competitions—whether for productive capital or for corporate headquarters—cannot create gains for all countries. And in terms of policy content, the OECD proposal can more plausibly be read as limiting, rather than enhancing, governments’ capacities to tax MNCs. Older and more basic puzzles in theories of international taxation—concerning source-country taxation, residence countries’ unilateral relief from double taxation, and bilateral tax treaties—compound these new puzzles. Arguably, these puzzles have led tax scholars to abandon a basic social scientific template for explaining cooperation. Indeed, much of economic scholarship takes international tax institutions as exogenously given. I contrast this state of affairs with economic theories of trade agreements—in particular, with the way the “terms-of-trade” theory rationalizes the GATT/WTO regime. To emulate the success of the “terms-of-trade” theory, I argue, certain assumptions that have long prevailed in discourses about international taxation may need to be jettisoned. Only a more fundamental reconceptualization of the subject matter of international taxation can shed light on the true past and future grounds for international tax cooperation.

Thermodynamic Interventions: an approach to thermodynamics as a tool for intervention on built industrial heritage through the FRAC Nord-Pas de Calais and the Centre Civic Cristalerías Planell

The introduction of the concept of entropy in architecture has brought to light the tight bond that exists between the degradation of energy and the degradation of matter, shifting the focus to the daily energy consumption of a building during its lifespan, as well as to the cost, in energy terms, of constructing —or repairing— that particular building. In short, it has given way to two different approaches to understanding the impact of construction on the environment. The first approach refers to the kind of architecture that uses free energies generated from an efficient use of climate variables as a design tool. The second approach refers to the kind of architecture that, in its different variants, chooses to restore built heritage. The purpose of this article is to hybridise these two approaches to the impact of construction on the environment by examining architectural intervention on built heritage through the lens of thermodynamic principles. To this end we will review two contemporary interventions that have paradigmatically transformed old industrial buildings into new cultural premises. Far from applying standard intervention criteria, largely based on architectural language, context or programme, these restoration works follow design premises that are founded on energy exchanges with the neighbouring environment, and that are open to change. In a way, both exemplify how architecture can be understood as a “dialectics of entropic change”, as coined by Robert Smithson. From a stance of material and conceptual dualism that blurs the lines between past and present, energy and memory, both interventions generate memorable images. Their outward appearance, based on assemblage, hybridisation and contrast, both in terms of energy, form and matter, ultimately seeks to showcase the tensions and challenges inherent to the passing of time in architecture.

Results of experimental researches of reinforced concrete retaining walls

Relevance. Hydroelectric facilities include reinforced concrete retaining walls. They are intended to protect the main structures from the collapse and sliding of soil massifs. Retaining walls are characterized by significant size, relatively low content of reinforcement, the presence of horizontal interblock seams, which considerably affects the features of the work and the state of retaining walls. The normative documents that were in force during the design and construction of most retaining walls (the second half of the last century) did not fully take into account the features of the retaining walls, as a result of which long-term operation revealed deviations from the design premises, including excessive displacement of the top of the walls, the disclosure of horizontal interblock joints, which exceeded the design values. In a number of cases, reinforced concrete structures of retaining walls were reinforced in areas of interblock joints. The aim of the work is to conduct experimental studies of reinforced concrete retaining walls, including taking into account their reinforcement by inclined reinforcing bars. Methods. The technique of experimental studies of hydraulic engineering reinforced concrete structures was applied in accordance with regulatory documents and the developed program of experimental studies of reinforced concrete retaining walls. The results obtained showed the opening of horizontal interblock joints, the formation of inclined cracks emerging from the joints. An increase in the strength of reinforced concrete structures of retaining walls and a decrease in their deformability due to reinforcement by inclined rods in the area of the interblock weld were recorded.

A Collaborative Learning Design for Promoting and Analyzing Adaptive Motivation and Emotion Regulation in the Science Classroom

The aim of this paper is to introduce our current research design to study socially shared regulation processes in a science classroom where a collaborative learning design is implemented. The design is based on a self-regulated learning framework that provides opportunities and support for self-initiated regulation among individual learners and collaborative groups. It utilizes modern technology to structure and support regulated learning in the groups. The paper focuses on elaborating the research design, particularly from the perspective of motivation and emotion, by presenting the dual relationship between designing learning scenario that supports learners’ motivation and emotion regulation with technology and researching the multifaceted role of motivation and emotion as they occur in collaborative learning. To do this, the paper first describes the entire collaborative learning design while paying attention to how technology can be utilized to support the awareness of motivation, emotion, and their regulation. Then, the focus shifts to considering the methodological principles and implementation of multimodal data gathered in relation to authentic collaborative learning tasks. A case example from a secondary school science classroom demonstrates possibilities for multimodal data use in analyzing motivation, emotion, and their regulation in collaborative learning. It also illustrates the dual role of the implemented technological 6Q support tool by showing how data collected from the students’ use of the tool can be utilized in scientific analysis. The paper concludes by providing a short discussion about the current advancements of emerging technology in motivation and emotion research in the learning sciences highlighting the significance of sharing the theoretical premises of the research design as well as practical experiences from implementation of these designs for future research.

Importancia de la manifestación de la participación de la ciudadanía en las etapas del plan maestro y el esquema de un proyecto de diseño urbano

En el presente artículo se pretende enfatizar sobre la importancia que tiene la participación de la ciudadanía en la elaboración de los proyectos de diseño urbano que se están realizando en las poblaciones que conforman el ámbito urbano de la actualidad, también destacar la trascendencia que tiene esta participación en cada una de las fases que se van presentando en el proceso de conformación de estos proyectos de diseño. Para realizar adecuadamente un proyecto de diseño urbano es recomendable seguir un proceso metodológico de diseño, el cual en su momento es definido por cada diseñador; en el proyecto de investigación, del cual se generó este artículo, se definieron las etapas que conforman este proceso por medio de la revisión de varias metodologías del diseño, es así como se establecieron las siguientes etapas: la planeación urbana, los estudios que fundamentarán la elaboración de los proyectos de diseño urbano, el plan maestro, el esquema, el anteproyecto urbano, el proyecto ejecutivo urbano, la implementación del proyecto urbano y el seguimiento control y evaluación. Dos etapas fundamentales para un proyecto de diseño urbano que podemos apreciar en este proceso son la etapa del plan maestro y la etapa del esquema de diseño, ya que son las etapas donde se comienza realmente a plasmar sobre el papel, el proyecto de diseño a realizar, por lo cual es primordial que en estas etapas se vea reflejada la participación de la ciudadanía efectuada en la etapa que antecede a estas, la etapa de los estudios que fundamentarán la elaboración de los proyectos de diseño urbano, ya que esta participación será la que dará los sustentos necesarios al plan maestro y al esquema de diseño, para que estas etapas, de forma efectiva, den respuesta a los requerimientos y necesidades de la población, para que además, este proyecto urbano a realizar sea aceptado, cuidado y protegido, por sus próximos usuarios, y por consiguiente sea un espacio de éxito. En estas etapas donde se requiere tener definido el árbol del sistema y las premisas de diseño, es indispensable, que las propuestas, recomendaciones, ideas, sugerencias, necesidades y requerimientos, expresadas por la ciudadanía por medio de su participación, se vean reflejadas en estos trabajos del proceso de diseño, para que este reflejo de la ciudadanía se vea manifestado, a su vez, en el plan maestro y el esquema de diseño, los cuales generarán con este fundamento un proyecto urbano aceptado por sus usuarios, en los cuales producirá un sentido de identidad y de apropiación. Como resultado del aprovechamiento de la información obtenida por medio de la participación de los próximos usuarios del espacio urbano a proyectar, se podrá elaborar un plan maestro donde se conseguirá apreciar de forma adecuada la estructuración y el ordenamiento óptimo de los espacios de acuerdo a su funcionamiento y a las actividades que se desarrollarán en ellos, los cuales conformarán el sistema del proyecto en todas sus jerarquías: sistema, subsistemas, componentes y elementos, de acuerdo al árbol del sistema elaborado, en este plan maestro se podrá apreciar, además, algunas intenciones de diseño que se implementaran en los diferente espacios que conformarán el sistema, estas intenciones serán definidas en las premisas de diseño, para las cuales, como ya se mencionó anteriormente, será también indispensable las sugerencias y recomendaciones de la población. En el caso de la etapa del esquema de diseño, se considerará, al igual que las etapas anteriores, de manera primordial, la información obtenida por medio de la participación de la ciudadanía, para que esta refleje, de forma adecuada, los criterios de diseño referentes a los accesos primarios, secundarios y de servicio, los criterios de vestibulaciones primarias, secundarios y terciarios, y los criterios de circulaciones primarias, secundarias y terciarias, además de intenciones de diseño que complementen las consideradas en la etapa anterior; para que finalmente el espacio urbano a generar, presente un proyecto urbano que sea funcional y de acuerdo a las expectativas de la ciudadanía.

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN SPINDLE VIBRATIONS IN TRANSVERSAL DIRECTION AT CNC LATHE

The paper presents an original method for stability analysis of the main spindle variations in transversal direction at CNC lathe, which by means of the Mihailov criterion and adequate software packages, establishes the dynamic instability character due to the specific processing conditions and to the grinding regime parameters. This creates the premises for rational design of the turning process, as well as for the structural design of the turning tool.

A morphing metastructure concept combining shape memory alloy wires and permanent magnets for multistable behavior

This article presents a novel morphing unit cell concept which relies on the combination of shape memory alloy wires for actuation and permanent magnets to enable multistability. Two distinct applications are investigated experimentally, consisting in a morphing beam metastructure made with three unit cells and a variable camber airfoil metastructure having six unit cells in the chord-wise direction. Tests are performed to assess the influence of the permanent magnets on the morphing behavior of the two referred metastructures. It is verified that the permanent magnets are able to provide new stable equilibrium configurations to the metastructure and to reduce the time necessary for morphing. Another interesting feature, which enables the reduction in energy consumption, is that, due to the magnetic interactions, the thermal activation of the SMA wires can be ceased once an equilibrium configuration is achieved. The paper describes the design premises, evaluates its limitations and devises future improvements.

A multicriteria fuzzy approximate reasoning approach for risk assessment of dam safety

The benefits of dams are unquestionable, with the water impoundment upstream and flood-control downstream usually being sufficient to increase investments and promote growth. However, their presence brings risks to the downstream population and the environment. This paper employs a fuzzy approximate reasoning for dam safety risk assessment, initially using a FAHP to weight the importance of the indicators suggested by a dam expert and then adopts linguistic variables in a two-stage risk assessment. In the first stage, we compute the risk of dam collapse, hereinafter called dam break, through indicators such as design premises and safety procedures. In the second stage, we evaluate the combined effect between the risk of a dam collapse and the socioeconomic and environmental impact on the surrounding area, hereinafter called potential risk. The danger scale of dam break and the hazard scale of potential risk were constructed. The risk assessment of the Simplicio Hydroelectric plant, located in Brazil’s Southern region, showed that the risk classification of the proposed method attached great importance to the downstream consequences. The accuracy of the evaluation results was proved through a study of the Oroville Dam, whose spillway faced a failure event. These findings indicate the importance of extracting the knowledge of experts and incorporating it in the model specification through fuzzification of variables and the rule-based construction.

Services as a determinant of logistic design

The article presents the results of research reflecting the impact of the properties of logistic services on logistic design, where the changes of these properties over time and the resulting necessity of permanent development of logistic projects have been exposed. The issues described in this way are described in four chapters: the properties of modern logistic services; the specifics of logistics design; logistic chain as a set of premises for logistic design; logistic outsourcing project and its practical consequences. The summary contains final conclusions and author's recommendations referring to the utilitarian value of the obtained research results.

Design of In-DEBS (In-situ Demonstration of Engineered Barrier System) and Analysis on Optimized Manufacturing Conditions for EBS

The objective of this study is to propose a design for the In-DEBS (In-situ Demonstration of Engineered Barrier System) and suggest optimized conditions for manufacturing engineered barriers. The In-DEBS design was made from the AKRS (Advanced Korea Reference disposal System of HLW), based on performance experience carried out at KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) and from literature reviews. The optimal manufacturing conditions were derived from the test production with regard to the canister and the bentonite buffer. The performance of the manufactured engineered barriers was also evaluated in advance of in-situ application. In-DEBS was designed at 1/2.3 scale of AKRS. An aluminum mold-type heater of 4.2 kW was used to simulate the heating from nuclear fuel. A new methodology using a floating die press and CIP (Cold Isostatic Press) was introduced to fabricate a reliable engineering-scale buffer block for in-situ experiments, leading to a homogeneous and uniform distribution in the densities of the buffer blocks. From the test results, it was found that a floating die press of 40 MPa and CIP of 50 MPa are necessary to satisfy AKRS design premises for the buffer blocks (dry density > 1.6 kg·cm-3). With regard to the THM sensor installations, CNC (Computer Numerical Control) was applied to shape the sensor holes.

Derivation of scaled design premises for future vehicle concepts based on a forecast of travel demand using the example of a commercial fully automated on-demand fleet

This paper presents an approach for linking the vehicle concept design in the early phase of development with findings from the forecast of mobility behavior under the boundary conditions of a future scenario for Germany. The focus is on an objective and data-based methodology for the derivation of design premises for vehicle concepts, illustrated by using the example of a commercial fully automated on-demand fleet. Today, vehicle concepts are designed on the basis of technical premises derived from the customer requirements of the relevant target group determined by market research and the competitive comparison. Technological trends (e.g., fully automated driving) and business model innovations (e.g., mobility as a service) have the potential to change the individual mobility behavior of users significantly so that today’s vehicle concepts will no longer meet the future requirements. Thus, the conventional approach of determining design premises for vehicle concepts alone may no longer be appropriate. Therefore, as the starting point of the overall methodology, the future mobility behavior is simulated in an aspatial travel demand model. By converting the simulated mobility behavior into relevant design premises and using a cluster analysis adapted for the specific application case, total vehicle concepts are objectively derived and optimized regarding the coverage of mobility needs. The concepts are scaled taking technical concept leaps into account. This application example shows that almost 85% of urban autonomous car sharing trips can be covered using a vehicle concept with significantly reduced requirements. Based on the scaled vehicle portfolio and the respective relevance of covering mobility needs, a recommendation for an efficient fleet design can be made.