Design Patterns Research Articles

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MVVM Design Pattern in Software Development

MVVM Design Pattern in Software Development

Enterprise Design Patterns for CPQ Integration in B2B SaaS Environments

Enterprise Design Patterns for CPQ Integration in B2B SaaS Environments

Formalization of a language for the construction of design patterns for learning

Formalization of a language for the construction of design patterns for learning

Traditional Symbols of Yoruba Pattern Designs As Insignia of Cultural Identity On Indigenous Clothing

Traditional Symbols of Yoruba Pattern Designs As Insignia of Cultural Identity On Indigenous Clothing

다이나믹어포던스와 디지털파라메트릭 융합디자인 연구 - 공기 청정기 홀커버 디자인을 중심으로

This study was inspired by the trend in contemporary production design that is encapsulated by the term “convergence.” Design, technology, and sensibility are extensively integrated into product design, forming a new methodology that enables designers to effectively attract and engage consumers. This methodology uses behavior induction, based on the concept of affordance from cognitive psychology, and a mathematical-function method called digital parametrics to amplify the affordance. This allows designers to focus on logical, mathematical methods and move away from traditional sensitive approaches. This represents the merging of analog and digital technologies and serves as a foundational effort to integrate artificial intelligence into the design field. A new concept for an air-cleaner design was developed by incorporating various functions into the basic pattern design. This parametric concept is expected to find wide application in product design in the future, as user diversity and cultural shifts become even more pronounced.

Impacts of landscape configurations on ecosystem services and their trade-offs across different landscape compositions

Landscape sustainability depends on the design of landscape patterns that can be guided by ecosystem services (ESs). Clarifying the impacts of landscape configurations on ESs and their trade-offs will facilitate landscape planning and management to achieve the best design without changing most landscape compositions. However, limited work has focused on these impacts, and whether these impacts are the same on different compositions remains unexplored. Thus, this study analyzes the impacts of landscape configurations on ESs and their trade-offs for different compositions. In this analysis, Gaussian mixture model was used to cluster the landscape by compositions, five important ESs (crop production, water yield, carbon storage, soil retention, and outdoor recreation) were quantified, and the constraint line was used to analyze the impact, taking the Xiangjiang River Basin as an example. Results showed that three clusters of landscape compositions, which are similar to the urban–rural–natural gradient, were identified. Furthermore, the impacts of landscape configurations on ESs and their trade-offs had largely the same direction in different compositions. However, change in landscape composition makes the high correlations among them weaker or shift to constraint impacts. Based on the results of the study, we can not only contribute to local landscape development but also argue three general approaches for landscape planning and management. First, considering the trade-offs and making a choice adapted to local conditions. Second, adjusting landscape configurations with virtually no changes of compositions. Third, external intervention based on rational landscape configurations.

Printable embedded pattern designs affect mechanical performance of cold-water fish gelatin cast films

Edible films made of cold-water fish gelatin suffer from suboptimal mechanical strength, limiting their use for sustainable packaging applications. In this study, the use of 3D-printable embedded patterns is investigated as reinforcement for gelatin cast films, aiming for cast films with customizable and enhanced mechanical strength. Various combinations of patterns (i.e. lines, grids, and triangles) and inks (varying concentrations of sodium caseinate, sodium alginate, and cellulose fibers) were 3D-printed. The 3D-printed structures were embedded into cast films and the mechanical properties were subsequently tested. Our results show that films with embedded patterns had an overall higher tensile strength at different stretching directions (i.e. parallel, perpendicular, and diagonal), compared to the plain gelatin films. The strongest mechanical anisotropy was found using the line pattern and the grid showed anisotropy in the parallel and perpendicular direction, highlighting the influence of printing path. Microscopical analysis revealed that embedded patterns affected the fracture mechanics of films. Interestingly, cellulose fibers showed alignment in the printed filaments along the printing direction, which contributes to an increased tensile strength of films after drying. Thus, by using printable embedded pattern design, edible films with customized mechanical performance can be made, contributing to future developments of sustainable packaging solutions.

The Application of Traditional Plant Patterns in Modern Clothing Design

The development of traditional Chinese patterns is closely related to social development. As a part of traditional Chinese patterns, the application of plant patterns in costume design is also closely related to politics, economy, and culture. The application of plant patterns in costume design in different dynasties has different characteristics. It has become an indispensable part of dress design, and the formed dress culture has a profound influence on modern dress design. The application of traditional plant patterns in modern clothing design can not only increase the beauty and cultural connotation of clothing but also bring the meaning of purifying the soul and edifying the sentiment to the viewers and users. Therefore, based on discussing the development of traditional plant patterns in clothing design, this paper analyzes the meaning of traditional plant patterns in clothing design and puts forward effective strategies to do a good job in the application of traditional plant patterns in modern clothing design.

Modeling and analyzing Social Networks of Games

Digital games are dynamic environments where the players interact with the games and, commonly, also with other players. The interactions generate many types of relationships, such as to be friends or to share games with other players, and to buy, play or like the games. These relationships can be seen as a social network; in this context, a Social Network of Games (SNG). During gameplay, the player produces a vast amount of data continuously, including data that represents his/her experiences, preferences, and even behavioral patterns. These data can be used to understand the players’ preferences, which is known in the literature as Player Modeling, and also to improve the attractiveness of new games. However, both tasks require analyzing a vast amount of data that cannot be done manually; it must be performed by algorithms of a research area known as Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). It is possible to employ KDD techniques in the data of an SNG to model the players, as well as to identify intrinsic features of the games. In our work, we explore a real SNG using a novel KDD technique aimed at identifying common features among popular games, which may represent why the games are popular. To this end, it is necessary to analyze games developed by non-influencer makers, because influencers may receive biased attention that is not necessarily motivated by the quality of their games. Therefore, we first focus on detecting the game influencers to filter their games out; empirical experiments show that a novel approach we developed detects influencers with high accuracy in an automatic manner, even when using data from distinct nationalities for training and testing. Then, we perform a detailed analysis of the features of the games, searching for combinations of objects that occur in the popular games developed by non-influencer makers, where each object can be either a game item or a non-player character, so to support game designers in the elaboration process of new games. This case study introduces a new pattern of design for Platform Games. Additionally, we present an extensive analysis of object combinations that commonly occur in popular games. All experiments were performed on real-world players and games from the worldwide well-known platform of video games Super Mario Maker (Nintendo, Kyoto, Japan).

Research on the Application of Chinese Traditional Decorative Water Patterns in Ceramic Visual Communication Design

Research on the Application of Chinese Traditional Decorative Water Patterns in Ceramic Visual Communication Design

Facile Synthesis of Soft Core-Shell Nanospheres for Constructing Multiresponsive Photonic Crystal Security Patterns.

Responsive photonic crystals (RPCs) presenting tunable structural colors under external stimuli are widely applied in the fields of dynamic displays, sensors, and anticounterfeiting. However, the development of multiresponsive photonic crystal (MRPC) films possessing versatile variable optical properties remains a significant challenge due to the tedious synthetic procedure of multifunctional building blocks and complex assembly processes, thereby constraining their extensive applications. In the present work, a series of soft nanospheres with a hydrophobic cores and responsive hydrophilic shells have been synthesized by a facile one-step surfactant-free emulsion polymerization method. The MRPC patterns were then prepared by depositing soft nanosphere emulsions onto the 3D-printed substrates with a topological structure followed by drying at room temperature. The shells of soft nanospheres deformed and fused with each other, resulting in the formation of transparent MRPC film patterns. The MRPC patterns exhibited brilliant structural color in a wet state but lost the color again after complete drying. Such a reversible structural color was ascribed to the change of the refractive index (RI) of the hydrophilic shell layers of nanospheres according to wetting/drying state shifting. Moreover, the on-demand designed MRPC patterns could rapidly respond to external stimuli of temperature, pH, and organic solvents in a reversible manner, and multichannel encrypted security labels were also demonstrated. We postulate that our facile and feasible approach can be applied to the systematic design and large-scale production of MRPC patterns for a variety of applications.

A novel approach for enhancing the mechanical behavior of additively manufactured metal matrix composite structures: Preliminary investigation

Additive Manufacturing is a promising technique for expanding the boundaries of Metal Matrix Composites. In this study, Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) technique, employing Electron Beam as the heat source, was used to print Ti6Al4V metal matrix in different geometric shapes with a new approach for MMC fabrication. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) powder was then incorporated into these pattern shapes, compacted, and sintered to bind the powder particles together. The findings showed that successful sintering was achieved, resulting in the formation of a flexible interface region, with the circular design achieving the best interface region among all pattern designs. Regarding the mechanical performance evaluation of the developed Metal Matrix Composites, it was found that the mechanical strength was significantly increased with the hexagonal and circular patterns achieving the best results. Future research should pay more attention to further design development for the metal matrix model to achieve outstanding performance and create a new field for Metal Matrix Composites using the developed method.

The Unified Phenotype Ontology (uPheno): A framework for cross-species integrative phenomics.

Phenotypic data are critical for understanding biological mechanisms and consequences of genomic variation, and are pivotal for clinical use cases such as disease diagnostics and treatment development. For over a century, vast quantities of phenotype data have been collected in many different contexts covering a variety of organisms. The emerging field of phenomics focuses on integrating and interpreting these data to inform biological hypotheses. A major impediment in phenomics is the wide range of distinct and disconnected approaches to recording the observable characteristics of an organism. Phenotype data are collected and curated using free text, single terms or combinations of terms, using multiple vocabularies, terminologies, or ontologies. Integrating these heterogeneous and often siloed data enables the application of biological knowledge both within and across species. Existing integration efforts are typically limited to mappings between pairs of terminologies; a generic knowledge representation that captures the full range of cross-species phenomics data is much needed. We have developed the Unified Phenotype Ontology (uPheno) framework, a community effort to provide an integration layer over domain-specific phenotype ontologies, as a single, unified, logical representation. uPheno comprises (1) a system for consistent computational definition of phenotype terms using ontology design patterns, maintained as a community library; (2) a hierarchical vocabulary of species-neutral phenotype terms under which their species-specific counterparts are grouped; and (3) mapping tables between species-specific ontologies. This harmonized representation supports use cases such as cross-species integration of genotype-phenotype associations from different organisms and cross-species informed variant prioritization.

Cultural Heritage Manifestation in Computer Role-Playing Games for Enhancing Museum Experience: A Model Proposal

ABSTRACT This article proposes a model for integrating computer role-playing games with museum experiences to enhance cultural heritage learning with a particular focus on design. Centered at the Izmir Archaeology Museum, the study delves into the design of a serious game aimed at enriching both the educational and experiential facets of museum visits. The model highlights the use of gameplay components and design patterns to manifest tangible and intangible heritage content, thereby promoting visitor awareness and understanding of cultural heritage. Through a provisional game scenario based on the museum's prehistoric artifact exhibition, the study illustrates how a gameplay design approach that is informed by heritage content displayed in the museum can be prototyped. The proposed model not only aims to make museum visits more engaging, but also seeks to contribute to the broader discourse on game design, game-based learning, and museum experience.

Research on Pattern Generation and Innovative Design of Chinese Mongolian Embroidery based on AIGC Technology

This study aims to investigate the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the generation and innovation of Mongolian embroidery patterns. It seeks to address the limitations of traditional embroidery pattern design, which is often time- consuming and inefficient, and to enhance the market competitiveness of Mongolian embroidery products. A substantial corpus of Mongolian embroidery patterns has been assembled, and image processing software has been employed to enhance the processing. A generative adversarial network (GAN) and a variational self-encoder model are constructed to learn and train Mongolian embroidery patterns, with the objective of generating new patterns that exhibit a combination of traditional style and modern design concepts. The experimental results demonstrate that the Mongolian embroidery patterns generated by AIGC technology retain the defining characteristics of traditional patterns in terms of form, while also exhibiting a greater degree of diversification in design style through the creative generation of the model.

Application and Innovative Design Strategies of Cultural Elements in the Costume Patterns of Qing Dynasty Emperors

This article deeply explores the application and innovative design of cultural elements in the clothing patterns of Qing Dynasty emperors. Firstly, it analyzes the richness and symbolism of Qing Dynasty emperor clothing patterns, the uniqueness and aesthetic value of colors, as well as the exquisite and innovative craftsmanship. The second point is to point out the limitations of traditional element application, cultural connotation misinterpretation and shallowness, as well as the disconnect between market adaptability and consumer demand in current design. Propose optimization measures to address these issues, aiming to promote the widespread application and inheritance of cultural elements of Qing Dynasty emperor costume patterns in modern design.

Hope Has Augmented Reality Applications in Science Education Improved Academic Achievement? An Experimental Study

This research was conducted using the random pretest-posttest control group pattern of real experimental design, which is a subset of experimental research designs in the field of quantitative research. The study group consisted of students aged thirteen and fourteen in the eighth grades of private secondary schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in Turkey. Twenty students were selected for the experimental group, and twenty students were selected for the control group in an unbiased manner. However, in order to form homogeneous groups, the past academic records of the students of both experimental and control groups were examined before the students were randomly selected. Then, the random selection phase was started. An achievement test was developed for both the control and experimental groups to be used in the research. Additionally, augmented reality flashcards developed by FenAR related to solid, gas, and liquid pressures were used in the experimental group. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 25 package program. At the beginning of the study, it was determined that students' academic achievements were similar. Significant achievement was obtained in the experimental group, where augmented reality was used, compared to the class taught with a constructivist approach. Augmented reality, used as an educational tool, provided students with the opportunity to make abstract concepts more concrete and visually experience them. It can be concluded that especially complex science topics, when taught with augmented reality, become more understandable through 3D modeling and interactive simulations.

Towards Sustainability of AI – Identifying Design Patterns for Sustainable Machine Learning Development

AbstractAs artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) advance, concerns about their sustainability impact grow. The emerging field "Sustainability of AI" addresses this issue, with papers exploring distinct aspects of ML’s sustainability. However, it lacks a comprehensive approach that considers all ML development phases, treats sustainability holistically, and incorporates practitioner feedback. In response, we developed the sustainable ML design pattern matrix (SML-DPM) consisting of 35 design patterns grounded in justificatory knowledge from research, refined with naturalistic insights from expert interviews and validated in three real-world case studies using a web-based instantiation. The design patterns are structured along a four-phased ML development process, the sustainability dimensions of environmental, social, and governance (ESG), and allocated to five ML stakeholder groups. It represents the first artifact to enhance each ML development phase along each ESG dimension. The SML-DPM fuels advancement by aggregating distinct research, laying the groundwork for future investigations, and providing a roadmap for sustainable ML development.

Effects of non-uniform perforated solar screen on daylighting and visual comfort performance

Perforated solar screens are extensively utilized as a shading solution for fully glazed buildings and transparent envelope systems. While uniform perforated solar screens have been traditionally employed, the growing trend towards non-uniform screens highlights their potential to enhance architectural aesthetics through varied perforation patterns on building facades. However, the effects of non-uniform screens in daylighting performance have been rarely investigated. This study aims to assess the effects of non-uniform perforated solar screens on daylighting performance, encompassing daylight availability, uniformity, and annual glare probabilities. A comparative analysis was conducted using simulation studies for eight distinct non-uniform perforation patterns against a uniform perforation scenario. Orthogonal experiment and data envelopment analysis were employed to identify the influential factors and evaluate the overall performance. The results suggest that non-uniform perforated solar screens with specific perforation patterns significantly outperform uniform screens in terms of daylighting performance, at equal perforation ratios. Specifically, two non-uniform prototypes, namely (h) periphery-center and (f) bottom-top, demonstrated exceptional performance. Furthermore, the perforation pattern was identified as the most significant geometrical factor affecting the overall performance of daylighting and glare discomfort. The results of this study may inform the design of perforation patterns to enhance daylighting performance in non-uniformly perforated solar screens. The novelty of this research lies in establishing a framework for evaluating the influence of non-uniform perforation patterns on indoor daylighting and visual comfort.