Design Of Multiband Antenna Research Articles

Design and analysis of multiband circular microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication

The study proposes a novel Approach of Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Multi-Band. The Proposed Antenna Dimension is (40×30×1.6)mm^3 on the FR-4, Which has ε_r equals(4.3) and Loss tangent (0.002). Both Patches and Grounds are Copper Material With Thickness (0.035 mm) Five Bands are Achieved, At Resonance Frequencies (9.658 GHz), (11.68 GHz), (16.054 GHz), (21.28 GHz), and (29.704 GHz) Respectively. This Antenna Operates In Wireless Applications for Operation in The X-Band, Ku-Band, Ka-Band, K-Band, and 5G. Also it is Works for Radar, Satellite Communications, Wireless Network Computer, Medical Communication Devices, and Local Multi Point TV, to Detect Vehicles Speeding, Especially in Europe Vehicles Speeding, Especially in Europe. The Proposed Antenna is Effectively Manufactured and Checked Using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and is Simulation Using CST-MW Software version 2019.

Compact multi-band implantable antenna designs for versatile in-body applications

In this paper, a quad-band implantable antenna (QBIA) and its triple-band miniaturized configuration are presented. The primary radiator of the proposed QBIA consists of four different types of concentric resonators excited by a microstrip feed line. The QBIA design has dimensions of 15 × 15 × 1.27 mm3, and it covers the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio), Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS), Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS), and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands. The proposed antenna was fabricated to validate the numerical design, and the characteristics of its return loss and radiation patterns were measured in minced meat from pork. The miniaturized version of the QBIA has an ultra-compact size of 4.16 mm3 (4 × 4 × 0.26 mm3), and it offers a triple-band operation covering the ISM and WMTS bands. The proposed triple-band implantable antenna (TBIA) was achieved by using a thinner substrate and optimizing all design parameters of the QBIA. To the best of our knowledge, the suggested QBIA with the novel configuration is the first implantable antenna that simultaneously covers almost all frequency bands allocated for biotelemetry applications. Also, the proposed TBIA is the most miniature triple-band implantable antenna presented in the recent literature, considering the application frequencies.

Novel CMOS-based multi-band terahertz detector for passive imaging

The existing terahertz detectors based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor cannot meet the design requirements of passive terahertz focal plane imaging chips owing to the problems of excessive noise or high-power consumption. To overcome this limitation, this study innovatively proposes using the gate of an N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) as a matching impedance of a multi-band terahertz on-chip antenna. In this way, the conversion of incident radiation into heat is achieved, and it is concentrated above the NMOS channel. The temperature characteristics of the equivalent impedance of the NMOS in the cutoff region are used to measure the incident radiated power without the DC bias current. The principle and simulation results of the proposed detector are given by system modeling, multi-band terahertz on-chip antenna design, and detector design. The experimental results show that the noise equivalent power of the proposed detector is very close to 1 under liquid nitrogen cooling, which can meet the design requirements of passive terahertz focal plane imaging chips.

Design and analysis of multiband composite antenna with dual – sense circular polarization characteristics

In the current era of wireless communication, the antenna researchers are widely focused on two major areas such as bandwidth enhancement and generation circular polarization characteristics. Bandwidth enhancement provides higher data rate without any increment in power level. In the same way, orientation independency between transmitter and receiver antennas can be provided by circular polarization characteristic. In this project, a dual-sense Circularly Polarized (CP) hybrid antenna is reported. The antenna that is proposed works over the range of frequency 3.28 GHz to 5.78 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 55.18%. Dual Circular Polarization wave with dual-sense characteristics for which Axial Ratio is less than 3 dB are created in the range of frequency 3.81 to 4.28 GHz and 4.98 to 5.28 GHz respectively. Based on the above parameters the antenna has applications like WLAN and WIMAX.

An Ambient RF Powered Wireless Sensor System

The development of an ambient radio frequency (RF) powered Internet of Things (IoT) wireless sensor system is reported. The system integrates all major components including multiple antennas, rectifiers, a power management unit (PMU), a microcontroller unit (MCU) with RF transceiver module and sensing unit. A novelty of this applied engineering innovation is the design and use of multi-band dual-polarized multiple antennas to handle the low ambient RF power density found in the everyday environment. Our prototype demonstrates that it is possible to sense temperature, pressure and humidity and wirelessly transmit these signals to a central server with a duty cycle of approximately 15 minutes, when the background ambient RF signals are as low as -28.6 dBm at 950 MHz. The proposed system can address the important issue of energy supply in the development of IoT providing an alternative energy source to batteries or solar cells. Ambient RF powered IoT devices do not require periodic replacement of their batteries or to be placed in visible regions which makes them suitable for wall, ceiling and floor applications. Our ambient RF powered IoT wireless sensor system provides concrete proof, through demonstration, that harnessing ambient RF energy for powering IoT sensor systems is feasible.

Design of Compact MIMO Multiband Antenna for Wireless Radio Communication Application

Slot and patch modification for the design of a compact multiband antenna with Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) functionality is proposed in this paper. At various frequency bands, the antenna performance is obtained by modification and addition of slot and patch shapes in the design of the compact MIMO multiband antenna. Addition of slots or patches is done separately in the already existing multiband antenna designs. Whereas in this work, the addition of slot and patch are combined. Arlon Diclad 880 with a dielectric constant of 2.17 - 2.2 (εr) and height 0.75mm is used for the antenna design. The MIMO multiband antenna with the dimension of 12.5 mm × 7.5 mm is designed. On various millimeter-wave frequency bands ranging from 20 GHz to 40 GHz, the MIMO antenna can function as observed in the results of simulation and evaluation. This work shows that microstrip antennas can be added with slots and patches during their design and development, thereby enabling the antenna to operate under multiple frequency bands.

Multiband antenna design with high gain and robust spherical coverage using a new 3D phased array structure for 5G mobile phone MM-wave applications

Multiband antenna design with high gain and robust spherical coverage using a new 3D phased array structure for 5G mobile phone MM-wave applications

Enhancing the resonance characteristics of circular patch antenna for SHF applications

Microstrip patch antenna is attractive for various applications due to its easy fabrication, low cost and small size. It simply comprises of a radiating patch and ground plane that are separated by a dielectric substrate. However, the resonance bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is still an issue that needs to be considered in research. This paper aims to enhance the bandwidth of a microstrip antenna or introduce more resonant frequencies within the Super High Frequency (SHF) band. The paper demonstrates empirical results for circular-shaped patch antenna using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). It begins by investigating different patch sizes and substrate materials, so that an optimal preliminary design is introduced. Then, different slot shapes are inserted into the patch for significant enhancement of the resonance characteristics. As a result, new ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna designs are presented with bandwidth results reaching 15.5 GHz within the C, X, Ku and K bands. Also, new multiband antenna designs are presented with improved reflection valleys in the Ku, K and Ka bands.

Multiband antenna design based on Gosper fractal for implantable biomedical devices

AbstractIn this paper, a novel multiband implantable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) antenna based on Gosper curve fractal geometry is designed for biomedical telemetry applications. The antenna has covered four dedicated frequency bands; medical implant communication system band (MICS 402–405 MHz), industrial, scientific, and medical bands (ISM 902–928 MHz and 2.4–2.5 GHz), and wireless medical telemetry services (WMTS 1395–1400 and 1429–1432 MHz). The proposed antenna is designed on Rogers RO 3010 substrate of thickness 25 mil and volume equal to 153.67 mm3. The reflection coefficient and the radiation pattern are measured inside muscle-mimicking liquid tissue phantom. The antenna has achieved the impedance bandwidth of 126, 406, 168, and 175 MHz at MICS (403 MHz), ISM (915 MHz), WMTS (1400 MHz), and ISM (2.45 GHz) with maximum gain value −33.6, −21.04, −15.48, and −10.25 dBi, respectively. The data link range between the implantable antenna and off body antenna has been performed with −16 dBm input power. Additionally, the obtained specific absorption rate with the input of 25 μW power has also been obtained within the safety limit and hence ensures the reliability of the proposed antenna.

A Monopole Antenna at Quad Band Frequency for Indoor Application

In this paper we concentrate on design of multiband antenna for existing wireless services. At present, the available techniques are modifying the main radiator (bending, folding, meandering and wrapping) which affects the size of antenna. This makes it more complex in implementing on RF circuits. To achieve multiband capability along with compactness in size we go with slotted multiband planar system. Here we design antenna in such a way in works on quad band frequency i.e., GPS, WiMax and WLAN(IEEE 802.11 a,b) for indoor application.

A novel pinwheel fractal multiband antenna design using particle swarm optimization for wireless applications

SummaryA novel multiband pinwheel fractal antenna with monopole configuration is proposed. The pinwheel fractal antenna has been fabricated on a commercially available FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. This paper proposes a novel pinwheel antenna with a 50% reduction in the dimension of width with a reduced level of return loss. The proposed antenna has multiband characteristics covering the bands of GSM (900 MHz), DCS (1710 GHz), PCS (1900 MHz), UMTS (1920 MHz), and WLAN (2.4–5.9 GHz) applications. The projected antenna resonates at multiple frequencies with acceptable antenna gain and directivity. The proposed antenna design is optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The parametric studies and the design rule for the proposed fractal have been reported. The prototypes of the proposed multiband antenna have been demonstrated. The measured and simulated results ensure the multi‐resonance characteristics and authorize the projected design method and gratify the necessities of handheld wireless communication systems. The performance analysis proves that the proposed novel pinwheel antenna provides reduced return loss.

Design of Compact Multiband Antenna

This paper presents the design and analysis of a compact multi-band antenna employing multiple radiators, each radiator of different frequencies. The frequencies covered are 900MHz, 1800MHz, 2600MHz, 3500MHz, and 5500MHz. The height of each radiator is different for each frequency. The higher the frequency, the shorter the radiator. For example, the radiator’s height of 5500MHz is only 13mm, while 900MHz is 83mm. The ground plane is placed on the backside of the substrate. The main challenge is to fit all the radiators on the single substrate while keeping the substrate’s size constant, compact.

Design of Window Grille Shape-Based Multiband Antenna for Mobile Terminals

Combined with the classic Chinese window grille structure, this paper proposes and designs a multiband microstrip antenna that can be used in wireless mobile terminal equipment. The antenna radiator adopts a rectangular bending structure with four loops, which increases the effective current path of the antenna radiator in a limited space, so that the overall antenna is miniaturized. The branch structure of the four-ring phase set increases the current path of the antenna, making the antenna multiband. The electromagnetic simulation software HFSS was used for antenna modeling and parameter optimization, and the influence of the feed structure, feed mode, and ground plate shape on the antenna was compared and analyzed. The test results show that the antenna can cover four bands, 0.85–1.1 GHz, 1.2–1.8 GHz, 2.40–2.7 GHz, and 5.05–6.3 GHz, and produce 6 main frequency points, 0.9 GHz, 1.3 GHz, 1.6 GHz, 2.55 GHz, 5.3 GHz, and 6.05 GHz. The antenna can cover various navigation systems, Bluetooth, WLAN, ISM frequency band, and 5G (5.725–5.825 GHz).

2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Frequency Bands Reconfigurable Fractal Antenna for Wearable Devices using ANN

Patch antenna is being used widely in wearable and implantable devices due to its lightweight characteristics. Multi-band patch antenna designs are possible by incorporating professional naturally inspired fractal pattern generating methodologies. Automated Frequency Characteristics Analyzer (AFCA), Artificial Neural Network based Fractal Pattern Generator (AFPG) and Nitinol based Pattern Selector (NPS) functional modules are proposed in this work to design a Dual band Reconfigurable Fractal Antenna for Wearable Devices (DRFA). Producing a miniature fractal patch antenna to support famed 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz frequency bands with lesser than 20db return loss is the objective of this work. Numerous fractal patterns are generated with the help of AFPG and their frequency responses are analyzed by Ansys HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) through AFCA module. The results are provided to the AFPG part to train the neural network with proper biasing updates. The fitness function is set to the dimension restriction of 3000 square μm with less than 20 return loss at commonly used 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz. The feed type and length of the patches are also fine-tuned by the proposed AFPG module.

Integrated Miniature Multiband Antenna Designed for WWD and SAR Assessment for Human Exposure

The article introduces a new, low-cost, integrated, multiband antenna design intended for wristbands and wearable wireless devices (WWD). With a miniaturized planar square-shape sizing 29 × 29 mm2, the antenna can fit easily inside WWDs. The proposed design covers the most used frequency bands such as LTE2300, ISM2400, LTE2600, WiMAX3500, WiMAX5200, and ISM5800 in which the antenna reaches up to −25 dB and 6.9 dBi in terms of S11 and gain, respectively. To evaluate the exposure amenability of design on human body, we studied the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the design in two main use cases: multilayered human wrist model and a SAM (Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin) head model. In each use case, the SAR results in different positions for all frequencies are compared to FCC standards.

PERFORMANCE IMPROVED TRIANGULAR MULTI BAND ANTENNA USING REACTIVE IMPEDANCE SUBSTRATE AND FREQUENCY SELECTIVE SURFACE

In modern world, communication devices need to be operated for more than one frequency bands. Lot of research works were carried out in the field of multiband antennas. The one major concern in the design of multiband patch antenna are the gain and bandwidth. Both gain and bandwidth of the multi band antenna can be improved for the better performance. In this paper a triangular multiband antenna is designed and the gain of the antenna is enhanced by the blend of reactive impedance surface and Frequency selective surface. The proposed antenna resonates 3.4 GHz, 4.2 GHz, 6.75 GHz,7.1 GHz, 7.5 GHz and 9.3 GHz with a better return loss and gain.

Design of multiband fractal antenna loaded with parasitic elements for gain enhancement

Design of multiband fractal antenna loaded with parasitic elements for gain enhancement

Planar Multi-broadband Antenna for LTE/5G/GPS/GSM/UMTS and WLAN/WiMAX Wireless Applications

In this paper, a simple planar multiband antenna design for wireless handsets is introduced. The proposed antenna can support four broad frequency bands, covering LTE/WWAN/GNSS/WiMAX/WLAN and several bands that are suggested for 5G systems. The proposed antenna design consists of a folded driven monopole strip, and a parasitic ground connected to the main ground with several etched slots on the ground plane. The parasitic ground in conjunction with the driven monopole slot helps to cover the lower band, including LTE700 and GSM bands, while the slots at the parasitic ground help to fully cover and tune other desired bands. The antenna is printed on a low-cost ultra-thin FR-4 substrate with a compact size of 135 mm $$\times$$ 60 mm $$\times$$ 0.5 mm, suitable for the state-of-the-art wireless handsets, such as smart-phones. The design procedure and measurement results of the antenna have been presented and discussed.

Design of Multi-band Microstrip Patch Antennas for Mid-band 5G Wireless Communication

Recently, the best antenna structures have considered microstrip patch antenna due to their simple construction, low cost, minimum weight, and the fact that they can be effortlessly integrated with circuits. To achieve multi-band operation an antenna is designed with an etching rectangle and circle slot on the surface of the patch to achieve multi-band frequency capabilities in mid-band 5G applications. Inset-fed structure type of fed of all antenna printed and fabricated on the brow of the Rogers RT5880 substrate. Then, prototype structures of the microstrip patch antenna were acquired during the design process until achieving the desired antennas. The antenna_1 achieved tri-band characteristics covering the WiMAX band including 2.51 – 2.55 GHz, WLAN, and S-band including 3.80 – 3.87 GHz and C-and X-band including 6.19 – 6.60 GHz. The antenna_2 gives dual-band characteristics covering C-band and X-band including (6.72 – 7.92 GHz) with a peak under -45 dB suitable for mid-band 5G applications. High impedance bandwidth increases between (70 MHz-1.25 GHz) for wireless applications. The proposed microstrip patch antennas were simulated using CST MWS-2015 and were experimentally tested to verify the fundamental characteristics of the proposed design, it offers multiple-band operation with high stable gain and good directional radiation characteristics results.

Novel Low-Cost Integrated Multiband Antenna Design Customized for Smartwatch Applications with SAR Evaluation

This paper presents a novel low-cost integrated multiband antenna design customized for smartwatch applications and wearable devices. The design consists in using a broadband planar patch antenna with circular microstrip lines and a miniaturized feeding-point with a structure of 30 × 30 × 1.6 mm3, and it is easy to deploy inside the smartwatch and cost-effective for the wearable device industry. The parametric study and final dimensions of the design and the measured results of the reflection and radiation pattern are discussed. The antenna with maximum gain up to 6.6 dBi and S11 up to −22 dB exhibits excellent performance for all the frequencies required in wearable systems such as 1.9 GHz, 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.6 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. We drew a comparison between similar research and this work in terms of antenna performance. Furthermore, we investigate the specific absorption rate (SAR) performance of the antenna for the smartwatch application, using both human hand wrist multilayer and SAM head mouth models. The SAR results in different positions for all the frequencies are compared to the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) standards.